Cover plate assembly, battery and battery module

Abstract

In order to solve the problem that in the prior art, a cover plate assembly is large in weight, the cover plate assembly comprises a cover plate, an insulation sealing structure, a polar plate and a polar column, the polar column comprises a first column body, a second column body and a third column body, a cover plate mounting hole is formed in the cover plate, the second column body penetrates through the cover plate mounting hole, and the third column body penetrates through the second column body. A connecting hole is formed in the polar plate, and the first column body penetrates through the connecting hole and is in interference fit with the hole wall of the connecting hole; a first overflowing part is arranged at the end part, far away from the third column body, of the second column body; the first overflowing part is located outside the periphery of the first column body, and the part, directly facing the first overflowing part, of the polar plate is set as a second overflowing part; and the first overflowing part is attached to the second overflowing part. According to the cover plate assembly provided by the invention, the over-current capability is improved, the size of the first column body and the size of the polar plate can be properly reduced, the use of a polar column material is reduced, the weight and cost of the cover plate assembly are reduced, the occupied space of the polar column and the polar plate is reduced, and the energy density of a battery is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of battery cover structural components, and specifically relates to a cover plate assembly, a battery, and a battery module. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the rapid development of industries such as electric vehicles, energy storage, and power tools in our country, the demand for lithium-ion batteries has been increasing. This requires continuous improvement in the safety and energy density of lithium batteries to meet market demands.

[0003] Currently, a battery module includes multiple batteries. Two batteries are electrically connected through a connecting tab. A battery cell includes a battery core, a housing, and a cover plate assembly. The cover plate assembly includes a pole column and a pole plate. The pole column is electrically connected to the battery core, the pole column passes through a connection hole of the pole plate, and the pole plate is welded to the connecting tab; current passes through between the pole column and the pole plate through the outer peripheral wall of the pole column and the hole wall of the connection hole of the pole plate. To ensure the overcurrent capacity between the pole column and the pole plate, the dimension of a section of the pole column that cooperates with the connection hole is large, and the dimension of the pole plate is also large, resulting in a large weight, high material cost, and much space occupation of the cover plate assembly; due to the large dimensions of the pole column and the pole plate, the connecting tab also needs to be designed with a large dimension to ensure the welding area between the connecting tab and the pole plate, resulting in a large weight, high material cost, and much space occupation of the battery module, which affects the setting of other structures of the battery module. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a cover plate assembly, a battery, and a battery module for the problem of the large weight of the cover plate assembly in the prior art.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve the above technical problem is as follows:

[0006] On the one hand, a cover plate assembly is provided, including a cover plate, an insulating and sealing structure, a pole plate, and a pole column;

[0007] The pole plate is arranged on one side of the cover plate;

[0008] The pole column includes a first column body, a second column body, and a third column body connected in sequence. The circumferential dimension of the second column body is larger than the circumferential dimension of the first column body, and the circumferential dimension of the third column body is larger than the circumferential dimension of the second column body;

[0009] The cover plate is provided with a cover plate mounting hole, and the second column body passes through the cover plate mounting hole;

[0010] The pole plate is provided with a connection hole; the first column body passes through the connection hole and is in interference fit with the hole wall of the connection hole;

[0011] The insulating and sealing structure is arranged on the cover plate; the insulating and sealing structure is pressed between the electrode plate and the cover plate, between the second cylinder and the cover plate, and between the third cylinder and the cover plate;

[0012] One end of the second cylinder away from the third cylinder is provided with a first current-carrying part; the first current-carrying part is located outside the outer periphery of the end of the first cylinder close to the second cylinder; the part of the electrode plate facing the first current-carrying part is set as a second current-carrying part; the first current-carrying part is attached to the second current-carrying part to achieve electrical connection.

[0013] Optionally, the area of the end of the second cylinder away from the third cylinder, which is located outside the outer periphery of the end of the first cylinder close to the second cylinder, is set as the first current-carrying part;

[0014] The first current-carrying part and the second current-carrying part are in planar contact.

[0015] Optionally, the first cylinder includes a first cylinder section and a second cylinder section; one end of the second cylinder section is connected to the first cylinder section, and the other end of the second cylinder section is connected to the second cylinder; the circumferential dimension of the second cylinder section is smaller than the circumferential dimension of the first cylinder section;

[0016] An annular connecting groove is provided on the electrode plate, and the connecting hole penetrates through the bottom of the connecting groove; the first cylinder section is embedded in the connecting groove, and the first cylinder section is in contact with or integrally connected to the groove wall of the connecting groove.

[0017] Optionally, the end face of the first cylinder section away from the second cylinder section does not protrude from the surface of the electrode plate.

[0018] Optionally, the insulating and sealing structure includes an insulating plate, an insulating part, and a sealing ring;

[0019] The insulating plate, the cover plate, the insulating part, and the electrode plate are stacked in sequence;

[0020] The insulating plate is provided with a first insulating mounting hole, and the insulating part is provided with a second insulating mounting hole;

[0021] Both ends of the second cylinder respectively pass through the first insulating mounting hole and the second insulating mounting hole, and the outer periphery of the second cylinder is in contact with or has a clearance fit with the inner wall of the second insulating mounting hole; the third cylinder abuts against one side of the insulating plate, the electrode plate abuts against one side of the insulating part, and the electrode plate and the third cylinder cooperate to clamp the insulating plate, the cover plate, and the insulating part;

[0022] The sealing ring seals and connects the pole column, the inner wall of the first insulating mounting hole, and the inner wall of the cover plate mounting hole.

[0023] Optionally, a plate mounting groove is provided on the insulating member, the plate is embedded in the plate mounting groove, and a side of the plate facing the third column abuts against a groove bottom of the plate mounting groove;

[0024] An end surface of the second column away from one end of the third column is coplanar with the bottom of the electrode plate mounting groove.

[0025] Optionally, a first limiting groove is provided on a side of the cover plate facing away from the insulating plate; the insulating member is embedded in the first limiting groove, and the insulating member abuts against the bottom wall and side wall of the first limiting groove;

[0026] A second limiting groove is provided on the side of the insulating plate facing away from the cover plate; the third column is embedded in the second limiting groove; the side of the third column facing the cover plate abuts against the bottom wall of the second limiting groove; the peripheral side of the third column is in contact with the side wall of the second limiting groove or is provided with a gap;

[0027] The size of the first insulating mounting hole is larger than the size of the cover mounting hole, and the size of the cover mounting hole is larger than the size of the second insulating mounting hole;

[0028] The sealing ring seals and connects the pole, the inner wall of the first insulating mounting hole, the inner wall of the cover plate mounting hole and a side of the insulating member facing the third column.

[0029] Optionally, the first cylinder, the second cylinder and the third cylinder are cylinders;

[0030] The first insulating mounting hole, the cover plate mounting hole, the second insulating mounting hole and the connecting hole are circular holes and are coaxially arranged;

[0031] The radius of the second column is R2, the radius of the third column is R3, and the aperture of the first insulating mounting hole is R4;

[0032] Among them, R2=2.5~6mm; R3-R2=2~4.5mm; R3-R4=0.5~1.8mm.

[0033] On the other hand, the utility model provides a battery, including a battery cell, a shell and the cover plate assembly, wherein the shell is a semi-enclosed shell with an opening on one side, the battery cell is placed in the shell, and the cover plate assembly covers the opening.

[0034] On the other hand, the utility model provides a battery module, comprising a plurality of batteries, adjacent batteries being electrically connected via a connecting bar; the connecting bar is located on the side of the electrode plate away from the second column and is welded to the electrode plate; an avoidance hole is provided on the connecting bar, and the projection of the first column on the connecting bar is located within the avoidance hole.

[0035] The cover plate assembly provided by the present invention is provided with a first flow-through portion at the end of the second column away from the third column; the first flow-through portion is located outside the outer periphery of the first column, and the portion of the electrode plate facing the first flow-through portion is provided as the second flow-through portion; after the cover plate, the insulating sealing structure, the electrode plate and the electrode are assembled, the first column and the hole wall of the connecting hole are interference fit, the first flow-through portion and the second flow-through portion are affixed to achieve electrical connection, and the current can pass between the outer peripheral wall of the first column and the hole wall of the connecting hole, and can also pass between the second flow-through portion and the first flow-through portion, thereby improving the flow capacity, appropriately reducing the size of the first column and the electrode plate, reducing the use of electrode material, which is beneficial to reducing the weight and cost of the cover plate assembly, reducing the space occupied by the electrode column and the electrode plate, and is beneficial to improving the energy density of the battery; an insulating sealing structure is provided to prevent the cover plate assembly used in the battery from leaking or short-circuiting. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 It is a top view of a cover plate assembly provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a cover plate assembly provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0038] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of a cover plate assembly provided in one embodiment of the utility model;

[0039] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of a cover plate assembly provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0040] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0041] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of a pole structure provided by an embodiment of the utility model.

[0042] The reference numerals in the drawings of the specification are as follows:

[0043] 1. Cover plate; 11. Cover plate mounting hole; 2. Plate; 21. Connection hole; 22. Connection groove; 3. Pole; 31. First column; 311. First column section; 312. Second column section; 32. Second column; 33. Third column; 4. Insulating plate; 41. First insulating mounting hole; 5. Insulating member; 51. Second insulating mounting hole; 52. Plate mounting groove; 6. Sealing ring. Detailed implementation manners

[0044] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects solved by the present utility model clearer and more understandable, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present utility model and are not used to limit the present utility model.

[0045] In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "longitudinal", "radial", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present utility model. In the description of the present utility model, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more.

[0046] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific situations.

[0047] The present utility model provides a cover plate assembly, including a cover plate 1, an insulating and sealing structure, a plate electrode and a pole column 3;

[0048] The plate electrode 2 is arranged on one side of the cover plate 1;

[0049] The pole column 3 includes a first column body 31, a second column body 32 and a third column body 33 connected in sequence. The circumferential dimension of the second column body 32 is larger than the circumferential dimension of the first column body 31, and the circumferential dimension of the third column body 33 is larger than the circumferential dimension of the second column body 32;

[0050] A cover plate mounting hole 11 is provided on the cover plate 1, and the second column body 32 passes through the cover plate mounting hole 11;

[0051] A connection hole 21 is provided on the plate electrode 2; the first column body 31 passes through the connection hole 21 and is in interference fit with the hole wall of the connection hole 21;

[0052] The insulating and sealing structure is provided on the cover plate 1; the insulating and sealing structure is pressed between the electrode plate 2 and the cover plate 1, between the second cylinder 32 and the cover plate 1, and between the third cylinder 33 and the cover plate 1;

[0053] Specifically, in the cover plate assembly provided in this application, a first current-carrying portion is provided at the end of the second cylinder 32 away from the third cylinder 33; the first current-carrying portion is located outside the outer periphery of the end of the first cylinder 31 close to the second cylinder 32 (that is, the projection of the first current-carrying portion along the axis direction of the pole column 3 is located outside the projection of the end of the first cylinder 31 close to the second pole column 3 along the axis direction of the pole column 3); the portion of the electrode plate 2 facing the first current-carrying portion is provided as a second current-carrying portion; the first current-carrying portion and the second current-carrying portion are attached to each other to achieve electrical connection.

[0054] In the cover plate assembly provided by the present invention, a first current-carrying portion is provided at the end of the second cylinder 32 away from the third cylinder 33; the first current-carrying portion is located outside the outer periphery of the end of the first cylinder 31 close to the second cylinder 32, and the portion of the electrode plate 2 facing the first current-carrying portion is provided as a second current-carrying portion; after the cover plate 1, the insulating and sealing structure, the electrode plate 2 and the pole column 3 are assembled, the first cylinder 31 and the inner wall of the connection hole 21 are in interference fit, and the first current-carrying portion and the second current-carrying portion are attached to each other to achieve electrical connection. The current can pass between the outer peripheral wall of the first cylinder 31 and the inner wall of the connection hole 21, or can pass between the second current-carrying portion and the first current-carrying portion, improving the current-carrying capacity. The size of the first cylinder 31 and the size of the electrode plate 2 can be appropriately reduced, reducing the use of pole column 3 materials, which is beneficial to reducing the weight and cost of the cover plate assembly, reducing the space occupied by the pole column 3 and the electrode plate 2, and is beneficial to improving the battery energy density; an insulating and sealing structure is provided to prevent the cover plate assembly applied to the battery from leaking liquid or short-circuiting.

[0055] Specifically, the cross-sections of the first cylinder 31, the second cylinder 32, and the third cylinder 33 are square or circular.

[0056] In a specific embodiment, it is preferred that the pole column 3 is an integral structure, which is beneficial to ensuring the current-carrying capacity of the first cylinder 31, the second cylinder 32, and the third cylinder 33, avoiding connection impedance caused by a split structure, and improving the current-carrying capacity of the pole column 3.

[0057] In one embodiment, for the convenience of description, the end of the first cylinder 31 close to the second cylinder 32 is simply referred to as the first end, and the end of the second cylinder 32 far from the third cylinder 33 is simply referred to as the second end; the second end is located in the area outside the outer periphery of the first end, which is set as the first flow-through part, so that the inner edge of the first flow-through part extends to the outer edge of the first end, correspondingly increasing the flow-through area between the first flow-through part and the second flow-through part, improving the flow-through capacity, and being beneficial to reducing the sizes of the first cylinder 31 and the electrode plate 2.

[0058] Specifically, the first flow-through part and the second flow-through part can be in planar contact, curved surface contact or concave-convex surface contact; preferably, the first flow-through part and the second flow-through part are in planar contact, that is, the contact surface between the first flow-through part and the second flow-through part is a plane, simplifying the structures of the electrode plate 2 and the pole column 3, being beneficial to the close contact between the first flow-through part and the second flow-through part, reducing the connection impedance between the electrode plate 2 and the pole column 3, and improving the flow-through capacity.

[0059] In one embodiment, the first cylinder 31 includes a first cylinder section 311 and a second cylinder section 312; one end of the second cylinder section 312 is connected to the first cylinder section 311, and the other end of the second cylinder section 312 is connected to the second cylinder 32; the circumferential dimension of the second cylinder section 312 is smaller than the circumferential dimension of the first cylinder section 311;

[0060] An annular connection groove 22 is provided on the electrode plate 2, and the connection hole 21 penetrates through the bottom of the connection groove 22; the first cylinder section 311 is embedded in the connection groove 22, and the first cylinder section 311 is in contact with or connected integrally with the groove wall of the connection groove 22.

[0061] Specifically, one end of the second cylinder section 312 is connected to the first cylinder section 311, and the other end of the second cylinder section 312 is connected to the second cylinder 32. At the same time, since an annular connection groove 22 is provided on the electrode plate 2, the outer circle of the first cylinder section 311 is in contact with or connected integrally with the groove wall of the connection groove 22, and a part of the electrode plate 2 is clamped between the first cylinder section 311 and the second cylinder 32, making the connection between the electrode plate 2 and the pole column 3 more reliable, being beneficial to improving the connection stability between the electrode plate 2 and the first cylinder 31. The first cylinder section 311 can also press the electrode plate 2 against the second cylinder 32, making the contact between the first flow-through part and the second flow-through part closer, ensuring good flow-through capacity between the outer periphery of the first cylinder 31 and the electrode plate 2, being beneficial to reducing the connection impedance between the electrode plate 2 and the pole column 3, and improving the flow-through capacity.

[0062] In one embodiment, the end face of the first cylinder section 311 far from the second cylinder section 312 does not protrude from the surface of the electrode plate 2.

[0063] Specifically, the first column section 311 does not protrude from the surface of the plate 2, which is beneficial to avoiding the first column 31 protruding outside the plate 2 and affecting the welding between the pole column 3, the plate 2 and the tab of the battery module, and further avoiding the occurrence of false soldering between the plate 2 and the tab when the cover plate assembly is applied to the battery module; in addition, the structure is simplified, the material used for the pole column 3 is reduced, and thus it is beneficial to reduce weight and cost.

[0064] In one embodiment, the insulation and sealing structure includes an insulating plate 4, an insulating member 5 and a sealing ring 6;

[0065] The insulating plate 4, the cover plate 1, the insulating member 5 and the plate 2 are stacked in sequence;

[0066] The insulating plate 4 is provided with a first insulating mounting hole 41, and the insulating member 5 is provided with a second insulating mounting hole 51;

[0067] Both ends of the second column 32 are respectively passed through the first insulating mounting hole 41 and the second insulating mounting hole 51, and the outer periphery of the second column 32 is in fit or clearance fit with the inner wall of the second insulating mounting hole 51; the third column 33 abuts against one side of the insulating plate 4, the plate 2 abuts against one side of the insulating member 5, and the plate 2 and the third column 33 cooperate to clamp the insulating plate 4, the cover plate 1 and the insulating member 5;

[0068] The sealing ring 6 is hermetically connected to the inner walls of the pole column 3, the first insulating mounting hole 41, and the cover plate mounting hole 11.

[0069] Specifically, passing the pole column 3 through the cover plate 1 and the insulation and sealing structure and connecting it to the plate 2 can realize the cooperation between the plate 2 and the third column 33 to clamp and fix the insulating plate 4, the cover plate 1 and the insulating member 5, realizing the assembly of the cover plate assembly, with a simple structure and easy assembly; the arrangement of the insulating plate 4 and the insulating member 5 strengthens the cover plate assembly, and at the same time, when the cover plate 1 is a conductor, it can also avoid short circuits between the pole column 3 and the cover plate 1 or between the plate 2 and the cover plate 1; the sealing ring 6 ensures the sealing performance at the connection between the pole column 3 and the cover plate 1.

[0070] In one embodiment, the insulating member 5 is provided with a plate mounting groove 52, the plate 2 is embedded in the plate mounting groove 52, and one side of the plate 2 facing the third column 33 abuts against the bottom of the plate mounting groove 52;

[0071] The end surface of the end of the second column 32 far from the third column 33 is coplanar with the bottom of the plate mounting groove 52.

[0072] Specifically, during the assembly process, the electrode plate 2 is pressed against the bottom of the electrode plate mounting groove 52, so that the electrode plate 2 and the second column 32 can be fitted together at the same time, and the connection is reliable; the peripheral side of the electrode plate 2 abuts against the groove wall of the electrode plate mounting groove 52, and the electrode plate 2 can be limited by the cover plate 1 to ensure accurate alignment of the electrode plate 2, the pole column 3 and the cover plate 1.

[0073] In one embodiment, a first limiting groove is provided on a side of the cover plate 1 away from the insulating plate 4; the insulating member 5 is embedded in the first limiting groove, and the insulating member 5 abuts against the bottom wall and the side wall of the first limiting groove;

[0074] A second limiting groove is provided on the side of the insulating plate 4 facing away from the cover plate 1; the third column 33 is embedded in the second limiting groove; the side of the third column 33 facing the cover plate 1 is in contact with the bottom wall of the second limiting groove; the peripheral side of the third column 33 is in contact with the side wall of the second limiting groove or is provided with a gap;

[0075] The size of the first insulating mounting hole 41 is larger than the size of the cover mounting hole 11, and the size of the cover mounting hole 11 is larger than the size of the second insulating mounting hole 51;

[0076] The sealing ring 6 seals and connects the pole 3, the inner wall of the first insulating mounting hole 41, the inner wall of the cover mounting hole 11 and the side of the insulating member 5 facing the third column 33. The structure and assembly are simplified, and the sealing reliability is ensured.

[0077] In one embodiment, the first column 31, the second column 32 and the third column 33 are cylindrical;

[0078] The first insulating mounting hole 41, the cover mounting hole 11, the second insulating mounting hole 51 and the connecting hole 21 are circular holes and are coaxially arranged;

[0079] The radius of the second column 32 is R2, the radius of the third column 33 is R3, and the aperture of the first insulating mounting hole 41 is R4;

[0080] Among them, R2=2.5~6mm; R3-R2=2~4.5mm; R3-R4=0.5~1.8mm.

[0081] The first column 31, the second column 32 and the third column 33 are cylinders, that is, a cylindrical pole is obtained. In the subsequent assembly, the cylindrical pole is coaxially connected with other circular hole structural members, which is conducive to forming a compact and reliably connected cover assembly. In addition, the structure is simple and the material consumption is reduced, which is conducive to weight reduction.

[0082] In another embodiment, the utility model provides a battery, including a battery cell, a shell and the cover plate assembly, wherein the shell is a semi-enclosed shell with an opening on one side, the battery cell is placed in the shell, and the cover plate assembly covers the opening.

[0083] Specifically, the battery cell is loaded into the shell from the position of the shell opening, and the electrolyte is injected into the inner cavity of the shell through the injection hole. After the injection or formation is completed, the injection port is closed, and finally the cover plate assembly is used for packaging to obtain an internally closed and fully assembled battery. The battery includes the cover plate assembly provided in the present application, that is, the end of the second column 32 away from the third column 33 is provided with a first flow portion; the first flow portion is located outside the periphery of the first column 31, and the portion of the electrode plate 2 facing the first flow portion is set as the second flow portion; after the cover plate 1, the insulating sealing structure, the electrode plate 2 and the pole 3 are assembled, the first column 31 and the hole wall of the connecting hole 21 are interference fit, and the first flow portion and the second flow portion are fitted to achieve electrical connection. The current can pass between the outer peripheral wall of the first column 31 and the hole wall of the connecting hole 21, and can also pass between the second flow portion and the first flow portion, thereby improving the flow capacity, appropriately reducing the size of the first column 31 and the size of the electrode plate 2, reducing the use of materials for the pole column 3, which is beneficial to reducing the weight and cost of the cover plate assembly, reducing the space occupied by the pole column 3 and the pole plate 2, and improving the energy density of the battery; an insulating sealing structure is provided to prevent the cover plate assembly used in the battery from leaking or short-circuiting.

[0084] In another embodiment, the utility model provides a battery module, including multiple batteries, adjacent batteries are electrically connected via a connecting bar; the connecting bar is located on the side of the electrode plate 2 away from the second column 32, and is welded to the electrode plate 2; an avoidance hole is provided on the connecting bar, and the projection of the first column 31 on the connecting bar is located in the avoidance hole.

[0085] The current can pass between the outer wall of the first column 31 and the hole wall of the connecting hole 21, and can also pass between the second current passing portion and the first current passing portion. Under the premise of ensuring the current passing capacity, the size of the first column 31 can be reduced, and the projection of the first column 31 on the connecting bar is located in the avoidance hole. On the one hand, it is avoided that the first column 31 abuts against the connecting bar and interferes with the welding of the connecting bar and the electrode plate 2. On the other hand, reducing the size of the first column 31 can match smaller-sized electrode plates 2 and connecting bars, ensure reliable welding between the electrode plates 2 and the connecting bars, reduce material usage, and reduce the space occupied by the cover assembly, which is beneficial to reducing the weight and cost of the battery module and improving the energy density of the battery module.

[0086] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model shall be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A cover plate assembly, characterized in that: It includes a cover plate, an insulating sealing structure, a polar plate and a polar column; The electrode plate is arranged on one side of the cover plate; The pole comprises a first column, a second column and a third column connected in sequence, the circumferential size of the second column is larger than the circumferential size of the first column, and the circumferential size of the third column is larger than the circumferential size of the second column; The cover plate is provided with a cover plate mounting hole, and the second column is passed through the cover plate mounting hole; The electrode plate is provided with a connecting hole; the first column is passed through the connecting hole and is interference fit with the hole wall of the connecting hole; The insulating sealing structure is disposed on the cover plate; the insulating sealing structure is pressed between the electrode plate and the cover plate, between the second column and the cover plate, and between the third column and the cover plate; A first current passing portion is provided at the end of the second column away from the third column; the first current passing portion is located outside the outer periphery of the end of the first column close to the second column; the portion of the electrode plate facing the first current passing portion is provided as a second current passing portion; the first current passing portion is fitted with the second current passing portion to achieve electrical connection.

2. A cover plate assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: An area of ​​the end of the second column away from the third column and located outside the outer periphery of the end of the first column close to the second column is set as the first flow-through portion; The first flow-through portion and the second flow-through portion are planarly attached to each other.

3. A cover plate assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first column includes a first column segment and a second column segment; one end of the second column segment is connected to the first column segment, and the other end of the second column segment is connected to the second column; the circumferential size of the second column segment is smaller than the circumferential size of the first column segment; The pole plate is provided with an annular connecting groove, and the connecting hole passes through the bottom of the connecting groove; the first column section is embedded in the connecting groove, and the first column section is fitted or connected to the groove wall of the connecting groove as a whole.

4. A cover plate assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that: An end surface of the first column segment that is away from one end of the second column segment does not protrude from the surface of the electrode plate.

5. The cover plate assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The insulating sealing structure comprises an insulating plate, an insulating member and a sealing ring; The insulating plate, the cover plate, the insulating member and the electrode plate are stacked in sequence; The insulating plate is provided with a first insulating mounting hole, and the insulating member is provided with a second insulating mounting hole; The two ends of the second column are respectively penetrated through the first insulating mounting hole and the second insulating mounting hole, and the outer periphery of the second column is fitted or gap-matched with the inner wall of the second insulating mounting hole; the third column abuts against one side of the insulating plate, the electrode plate abuts against one side of the insulating member, and the electrode plate and the third column cooperate to clamp the insulating plate, the cover plate, and the insulating member; The sealing ring seals and connects the pole, the inner wall of the first insulating mounting hole, and the inner wall of the cover plate mounting hole.

6. A cover plate assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that: The insulating member is provided with a plate mounting groove, the plate is embedded in the plate mounting groove, and the side of the plate facing the third column abuts against the bottom of the plate mounting groove; An end surface of the second column away from one end of the third column is coplanar with the bottom of the electrode plate mounting groove.

7. The cover plate assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that: A first limiting groove is provided on the side of the cover plate away from the insulating plate; the insulating member is embedded in the first limiting groove, and the insulating member abuts against the bottom wall and the side wall of the first limiting groove; A second limiting groove is provided on the side of the insulating plate facing away from the cover plate; the third column is embedded in the second limiting groove; the side of the third column facing the cover plate abuts against the bottom wall of the second limiting groove; the peripheral side of the third column is in contact with the side wall of the second limiting groove or is provided with a gap; The size of the first insulating mounting hole is larger than the size of the cover mounting hole, and the size of the cover mounting hole is larger than the size of the second insulating mounting hole; The sealing ring seals and connects the pole, the inner wall of the first insulating mounting hole, the inner wall of the cover plate mounting hole and a side of the insulating member facing the third column.

8. The cover plate assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first column, the second column and the third column are cylindrical; The first insulating mounting hole, the cover plate mounting hole, the second insulating mounting hole and the connecting hole are circular holes and are coaxially arranged; The radius of the second column is R2, the radius of the third column is R3, and the aperture of the first insulating mounting hole is R4; Among them, R2=2.5~6mm; R3-R2=2~4.5mm; R3-R4=0.5~1.8mm.

9. A battery, characterized in that: The invention comprises a battery cell, a shell and a cover plate assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the shell is a semi-enclosed shell with an opening on one side, the battery cell is placed in the shell, and the cover plate assembly covers the opening.

10. A battery module, comprising a plurality of batteries, wherein adjacent batteries are electrically connected via connecting bars, characterized in that: The battery adopts the battery according to claim 9; the connecting bar is located on the side of the plate away from the second column and is welded to the plate; an avoidance hole is provided on the connecting bar, and the projection of the first column on the connecting bar is located in the avoidance hole.

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