Stator, motor and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model discloses a stator, a motor and a vehicle. The stator comprises an iron core and a winding. The iron core is provided with a plurality of stator slots which are distributed around the axis of the iron core at intervals; a winding is embedded in each stator groove, each winding comprises a plurality of coils distributed in the same direction, and every two adjacent coils are arranged in an insulated mode; wherein each coil is provided with an arc-shaped surface, the arc-shaped surface of each coil and the groove wall of the stator groove are enclosed to form a heat exchange cavity, and a heat exchange medium can enter the heat exchange cavity to exchange heat with the coils. According to the stator, the windings in the stator slots can be subjected to oil cooling, the cooling effect of the stator is improved, and the overall reliability of the stator is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the technical field of motors, and particularly relates to a stator, a motor, and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] With the development of new energy technologies, new energy vehicles are being used more and more widely, and higher requirements are placed on the cooling performance of motors.

[0003] In related technologies, the cooling method of a motor stator is generally carried out through an oil injection pipe, an oil injection ring, or an oil outlet hole opened in the stator core. This cooling method results in poor cooling effect of the coils in the stator slots, affecting the overall reliability of the stator. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] This application provides a stator, a motor, and a vehicle. The stator can achieve oil cooling of the windings in the stator slots, improve the cooling effect of the stator, and enhance the overall reliability of the stator.

[0005] On the one hand, an embodiment of this application provides a stator, including:

[0006] A core provided with a plurality of stator slots spaced apart around the axis of the core;

[0007] Windings, each stator slot is respectively embedded with a winding, the winding includes a plurality of coils distributed in the same direction, and adjacent two coils are insulated; wherein, an arc surface is provided on the coil, and the arc surfaces of each coil and the wall of the stator slot enclose a heat exchange cavity, and a heat exchange medium can enter the heat exchange cavity to exchange heat with the coil.

[0008] In some embodiments, the coil has a plurality of side walls, and each adjacent two side walls among the plurality of side walls are connected by an arc surface.

[0009] In some embodiments, the radius of the arc surface is greater than or equal to 1 mm.

[0010] In some embodiments, along the distribution direction of the plurality of coils of the same winding, the coil includes opposite first surfaces, and an arc surface is connected between the opposite first surfaces, and the arc surface is a semi-circular arc surface.

[0011] In some embodiments, the coil includes a conductor and an insulating film layer wrapped around the outer periphery of the conductor, and the insulating film layer is an oil-resistant material layer.

[0012] In some embodiments, a first gap is provided between the coil and the stator slot, and the first gap communicates with the heat exchange cavity.

[0013] In some embodiments, a second gap is provided between the coils of the same winding, and the second gap communicates with the heat exchange cavity.

[0014] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present application further provides a motor, including:

[0015] The stator as described above;

[0016] A rotor, coaxially arranged with the stator and in rotational cooperation therewith.

[0017] In some embodiments, the motor further includes a first oil baffle ring and a second oil baffle ring. The first oil baffle ring and the second oil baffle ring are arranged at intervals. The stator is disposed between the first oil baffle ring and the second oil baffle ring. An inlet is provided on the first oil baffle ring, and the inlet communicates with the heat exchange cavity. An outlet is provided on the second oil baffle ring, and the outlet communicates with the heat exchange cavity.

[0018] On yet another aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a vehicle, including:

[0019] The motor as described above.

[0020] The present application has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0021] The stator, motor and vehicle provided by the present application. The stator includes an iron core and windings. The iron core is provided with a plurality of stator slots spaced apart around the axis of the iron core. The windings are embedded in the stator slots. The windings include a plurality of coils distributed in the same direction. An arc surface is provided on the coils. The arc surfaces of the coils and the wall of the stator slots enclose a heat exchange cavity, so that the heat exchange medium can enter the heat exchange cavity to exchange heat with the coils, which can cool the coils in the stator slots, improve the cooling effect of the stator, and improve the overall reliability of the stator. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required to be used in the embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a stator provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of a stator provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of a stator provided by another embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of a motor provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0027] The reference numerals are explained as follows:

[0028] 1. Iron core; 11. Stator slot;

[0029] 2. Winding; 21. Coil; 211. Conductor; 212. Insulating film layer;

[0030] 3. Arc surface;

[0031] 4. Heat exchange chamber;

[0032] 5. First surface;

[0033] 6. First gap;

[0034] 7. Second gap;

[0035] 8. First oil retaining ring;

[0036] 9. Second oil retaining ring. Detailed implementation manners

[0037] The features and exemplary embodiments of various aspects of the present application will be described in detail below. In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only intended to explain the present application, rather than to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can be implemented without some of these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is only to provide a better understanding of the present application by showing examples of the present application.

[0038] It should be noted that in this text, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or further includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, the elements defined by the statement "including..." do not exclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the said elements.

[0039] With the pursuit of motor performance by people, flat wire motors with high power density and high torque density have gradually become a hot topic in current research. However, high torque density and high power density also mean high heat generation. If the heat generated by the motor cannot be dissipated in time, the motor temperature will be too high. When the motor temperature is too high, it will affect the performance of the motor at least, and at worst, it will damage the insulation of the motor and cause permanent demagnetization of the permanent magnet. Therefore, effective cooling of each heat-generating part of the motor is required to ensure the stable and safe operation of the motor.

[0040] In the traditional air-cooling and water-cooling methods, the heat generated by the motor reaches the machine shell through heat conduction, and then the heat is carried away by air or coolant. However, this cooling method can no longer meet the cooling requirements of the present-stage flat wire motor.

[0041] In order to improve the cooling effect of the flat wire motor, at present, a non-magnetic and non-conductive cooling oil is used to cool the flat wire motor through a fuel injection pipe, a fuel injection ring or an oil outlet hole opened on the stator core 1. However, the cooling parts of these cooling methods mainly act on the outer ring surface of the stator core 1, and cannot cool the stator core 1 more deeply, that is, cannot directly cool the winding 2, resulting in low utilization rate of the cooling oil, poor cooling effect, and affecting the overall reliability of the stator.

[0042] To solve the above problems, the present application provides a stator, a motor and a vehicle that can realize oil cooling of the winding 2 in the stator slot 11 and improve the cooling effect of the stator. To better understand the present application, the following will be combined with Figures 1 to 3 The stator, the motor and the vehicle are described in detail according to the embodiments of the present application.

[0043] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 , on the one hand, the embodiment of the present application provides a stator, which includes a core 1 and a winding 2. The core 1 is provided with a plurality of stator slots 11 spaced apart around the axis of the core 1. Each stator slot 11 is respectively embedded with a winding 2, and the winding 2 includes a plurality of coils 21 distributed in the same direction, and adjacent two coils 21 are insulated from each other. Among them, an arc surface 3 is provided on the coil 21, and the arc surfaces 3 of each coil 21 and the groove wall of the stator slot 11 enclose a heat exchange cavity 4, and a heat exchange medium can enter the heat exchange cavity 4 to exchange heat with the coil 21.

[0044] Optionally, the heat exchange medium may include a non-magnetic and non-conductive cooling oil. For the convenience of description, the following will be described by taking the heat exchange medium as a non-magnetic and non-conductive cooling oil as an example.

[0045] Optionally, a plurality of windings 2 may be circumferentially distributed along the core 1 and may be located in different stator slots 11. The stator slot 11 may be set as a strip-shaped slot, and the strip-shaped slot may extend a predetermined length along the radial direction of the core 1. The coils 21 of the winding 2 are stacked along the radial direction and embedded in the stator slot 11. Among them, the number of coils 21 can be adjusted according to actual needs, and the number of coils 21 can be set to 7, and of course, it can also be set to fewer or more.

[0046] An arc surface 3 may be provided on each coil 21, and the arc surface 3 may be a circular arc surface or an elliptical arc surface.

[0047] The number of arc surfaces 3 included in each coil 21 may be one or multiple, and multiple is optional.

[0048] A plurality of coils 21 located within the same stator slot 11 may be arranged in contact with each other, or alternatively, may be spaced apart. Optionally, they are spaced apart.

[0049] In summary, according to a stator provided by an embodiment of the present application, the stator includes an iron core 1 and a winding 2. The iron core 1 is provided with a plurality of stator slots 11 spaced apart around the axis of the iron core 1, and the winding 2 is embedded in the stator slots 11. The winding 2 includes a plurality of coils 21 distributed in the same direction. An arc surface 3 is provided on the coil 21, and the arc surfaces 3 of the respective coils 21 and the wall of the stator slot 11 enclose a heat exchange cavity 4, enabling a heat exchange medium to enter the heat exchange cavity 4 to perform heat exchange with the coil 21. This stator can cool the coils 21 within the stator slots 11, improve the cooling effect of the stator, and enhance the overall reliability of the stator.

[0050] Exemplarily, the stator slot 11 is provided to penetrate along the radial direction of the iron core 1, and the heat exchange medium can enter the heat exchange cavity 4 through the end of the stator slot 11 and flow through the coil 21 to perform heat exchange with the coil 21.

[0051] Such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, in some embodiments, the coil 21 has a plurality of side walls, and each adjacent two of the plurality of side walls are connected by an arc surface 3. Exemplarily, the coil 21 has four side walls, and each adjacent two of the four side walls are connected by an arc surface 3.

[0052] For the stator provided by an embodiment of the present application, by connecting each adjacent two side walls with the arc surface 3, the area enclosed between the coil 21 and the wall of the stator slot 11 is increased, that is, the volume of the heat exchange cavity 4 is increased. The larger the volume of the heat exchange cavity 4, the more cooling oil can pass through, and the better the cooling effect.

[0053] In some embodiments, the radius of the arc surface 3 is greater than or equal to 1 mm.

[0054] When the arc surface 3 is a circular arc surface, the length of the connection line from any point on the circular arc surface to the center of the circle is the radius of the arc surface 3. When the arc surface 3 is an elliptical arc surface, half of the sum of the distances from any point on the elliptical arc surface to the two foci of the ellipse is the radius of the arc surface 3.

[0055] For the stator provided by an embodiment of the present application, by setting the radius of the arc surface 3 to be greater than or equal to 1 mm, the volume of the heat exchange cavity 4 is further increased, and thus the amount of cooling oil passing through can be further increased, thereby achieving a better cooling effect.

[0056] It can be understood that Figure 2 shown that connecting each adjacent two of the four side walls by the arc surface 3 is an optional embodiment, such as Figure 3As shown, in some other embodiments, it is also possible to make the distribution direction of a plurality of coils 21 along the same winding 2 such that the coil 21 includes opposite first faces 5, and an arc face 3 is connected between the opposite first faces 5, and the arc face 3 is a semi-circular arc face.

[0057] For the stator provided by an embodiment of the present application, by setting the arc face 3 as a semi-circular arc face and connecting the first faces 5 of the coil 21 through the semi-circular arc face, it is possible to maximize the volume of the heat exchange cavity 4 while ensuring the slot fill factor of the coil 21 in the stator slot 11, thereby maximizing the cooling effect.

[0058] In some embodiments, the coil 21 includes a conductor 211 and an insulating film layer 212 wrapped around the outer periphery of the conductor 211, and the insulating film layer 212 is an oil-resistant material layer.

[0059] Optionally, the conductor 211 can be set as a copper flat wire. A flat wire refers to a wire structure with a rectangular cross-section, which can improve the heat conduction ability between windings 2 at a high slot fill factor and has higher efficiency. And setting the material of the conductor 211 as copper has a lower cost.

[0060] For the stator provided by an embodiment of the present application, by setting the coil 21 as a conductor 211 and an insulating film layer 212 wrapped around the outer periphery of the conductor 211, the insulating paper in the stator slot 11 can be omitted, which can save some space in the stator slot 11, and this part of the space can be used to set the conductor 211. Thus, under the condition that the cross-sectional area of the stator slot 11 is limited, the filling area of the conductor 211 will not be reduced due to the setting of the arc face 3 on the coil 21, that is, it will not affect the ratio of the conductor 211 in the slot to the volume of the stator slot 11, ensuring the power density of the motor.

[0061] For the stator provided by an embodiment of the present application, by setting the insulating film layer 212 as an oil-resistant film layer, it is possible to prevent the cooling oil from corroding the insulating film layer 212 during cooling, resulting in the coil 21 losing its insulating effect, and further causing the motor to be unable to withstand the electrical stress generated during the transmission of high-order pulse voltages.

[0062] Exemplarily, the oil-resistant film layer is at least one of an imide film layer or an aramid fiber layer. Such a setting can improve the insulation performance of the coil 21 and increase the corona-resistant life of the coil 21, so that the insulation performance between the iron core 1 and the winding 2 meets the motor requirements.

[0063] It should be noted that the above imide film layer and aramid fiber layer can be combined arbitrarily. For example, the oil-resistant film layer can be an imide film layer, or the oil-resistant film layer can be an aramid fiber layer, or the oil-resistant film layer can be provided with both an imide film layer and an aramid fiber layer at the same time.

[0064] Furthermore, the oil-resistant film layer includes an inner layer and an outer layer arranged from the inside out. The inner layer is an imide film layer, and the outer layer is an aramid fiber layer.

[0065] Optionally, the insulating film layer 212 is wrapped around the conductor 211 by sintering, which can make the sintered insulating film layer 212 more uniform and dense, conducive to improving the stability of the insulating film layer 212 and preventing the insulating film layer 212 from falling off the conductor 211. Of course, in some other embodiments, other methods can also be used, such as pressing or gluing, to form the insulating film layer 212 wrapped around the conductor 211.

[0066] Furthermore, the sintering raw material can be set as FEP glue (Fluorinated ethylene propylene).

[0067] In some embodiments, a first gap 6 is provided between the coil 21 and the stator slot 11, and the first gap 6 communicates with the heat exchange chamber 4.

[0068] Furthermore, the first gap 6 can be set to any value between 0.1 mm and 0.15 mm, including the two end values of 0.1 mm and 0.15 mm. Optionally, 0.1 mm can be adopted. Such a setting can not only enable the cooling oil to directly cool other parts of the coil 21 through the first gap 6, further improving the cooling effect, but also prevent the gap between the coil 21 and the stator slot 11 from being too large, ensuring the filling area of the conductor 211 and thus ensuring the power density of the motor.

[0069] For the stator provided in an embodiment of the present application, by providing the first gap 6 between the coil 21 and the stator slot 11 and making the first gap 6 communicate with the heat exchange chamber 4, the cooling oil can enter the first gap 6, thereby increasing the contact area between the cooling oil and the coil 21 and further improving the cooling effect.

[0070] In some embodiments, a second gap 7 is provided between the coils 21 of the same winding 2, and the second gap 7 communicates with the heat exchange chamber 4.

[0071] Furthermore, the first gap 6 can be set to any value between 0.1 mm and 0.15 mm, including the two end values of 0.1 mm and 0.15 mm. Optionally, 0.1 mm can be adopted. Such a setting can not only enable the cooling oil to directly cool other parts of the coil 21 through the second gap 7, further improving the cooling effect, but also prevent the gap between the coils 21 of the same winding 2 from being too large, ensuring the filling area of the conductor 211 and thus ensuring the power density of the motor.

[0072] For the stator provided by an embodiment of the present application, by providing a second gap 7 between the coils 21 of the same winding 2 and connecting the second gap 7 to the heat exchange chamber 4, the cooling oil can enter the second gap 7, thereby increasing the contact area between the cooling oil and the coils 21 and further improving the cooling effect.

[0073] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present application further provides a motor, including the above-mentioned stator and rotor, and the rotor is coaxially arranged with the stator and is in rotational cooperation.

[0074] For the motor provided by an embodiment of the present application, since the iron core 1 of the stator is provided with a plurality of stator slots 11 spaced apart around the axis of the iron core 1, the winding 2 is embedded in the stator slots 11, the winding 2 includes a plurality of coils 21 distributed in the same direction, an arc surface 3 is provided on the coils 21, and the arc surfaces 3 of the coils 21 and the slot walls of the stator slots 11 enclose a heat exchange chamber 4, and the heat exchange medium can enter the heat exchange chamber 4 to perform heat exchange with the coils 21, so as to cool the coils 21 in the stator slots 11 and improve the cooling effect of the stator.

[0075] Please refer to Figures 2 to 4 , in some embodiments, the motor further includes a first oil retaining ring 8 and a second oil retaining ring 9, the first oil retaining ring 8 and the second oil retaining ring 9 are arranged at intervals, the stator is placed between the first oil retaining ring 8 and the second oil retaining ring 9, an inlet is provided on the first oil retaining ring 8, the inlet is communicated with the heat exchange chamber 4, an outlet is provided on the second oil retaining ring 9, and the outlet is communicated with the heat exchange chamber 4.

[0076] Furthermore, the inlets are arranged in a circumferential array on the first oil retaining ring 8, and the outlets are arranged in a circumferential array on the second oil retaining ring 9. Such an arrangement can make the cooling effect more uniform during cooling.

[0077] Optionally, the number of inlets is the same as the number of outlets. Of course, in other embodiments, the number of inlets and the number of outlets may also be different.

[0078] For the motor provided by an embodiment of the present application, by providing the first oil retaining ring 8 and the second oil retaining ring 9, the cooling oil in the heat exchange chamber 4 is prevented from flowing out. By providing an inlet on the first oil retaining ring 8, the cooling oil can be injected into the heat exchange chamber 4 from the inlet. By providing an outlet on the second oil retaining ring 9, the cooled cooling oil can flow out from the outlet.

[0079] On yet another aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a vehicle, including the above-mentioned motor.

[0080] For the vehicle provided by an embodiment of the present application, since it includes the above-mentioned motor, it also has the advantage of being able to directly perform oil cooling on the winding 2 of the coils 21 in the stator slots 11 and improving the cooling effect of the stator.

[0081] As described above, this is only the specific implementation manner of the present application. Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, modules, and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be elaborated herein. It should be understood that the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present application can easily think of various equivalent modifications or substitutions, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A stator, characterized in that: include: An iron core provided with a plurality of stator slots spaced apart and distributed around an axis of the iron core; Windings, each of the stator slots is respectively embedded with the windings, the windings include a plurality of coils distributed in the same direction, and two adjacent coils are insulated; The coil is provided with an arc surface, and the arc surface of each coil and the slot wall of the stator slot are combined to form a heat exchange cavity, and the heat exchange medium can enter the heat exchange cavity to exchange heat with the coil.

2. The stator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coil has a plurality of side walls, and every two adjacent side walls among the plurality of side walls are connected by the arc surface.

3. The stator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radius of the arc-shaped surface is greater than or equal to 1 mm.

4. The stator according to claim 1, characterized in that: Along the distribution direction of the plurality of coils of the same winding, the coils include first surfaces that are arranged opposite to each other, the arcuate surfaces are connected between the first surfaces that are arranged opposite to each other, and the arcuate surfaces are semicircular arc surfaces.

5. The stator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coil comprises a conductor and an insulating film layer wrapped around the outer periphery of the conductor, and the insulating film layer is an oil-resistant material layer.

6. The stator according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: A first gap is provided between the coil and the stator slot, and the first gap is communicated with the heat exchange cavity.

7. The stator according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: A second gap is provided between the coils of the same winding, and the second gap is communicated with the heat exchange cavity.

8. A motor, characterized in that: include: A stator according to any one of claims 1 to 7; The rotor is coaxially arranged with the stator and rotatably matched with the stator.

9. The motor according to claim 8, characterized in that The motor also includes a first oil deflector ring and a second oil deflector ring, the first oil deflector ring and the second oil deflector ring are arranged at an interval, the stator is placed between the first oil deflector ring and the second oil deflector ring, the first oil deflector ring is provided with an inlet, the inlet is connected to the heat exchange chamber, and the second oil deflector ring is provided with an outlet, the outlet is connected to the heat exchange chamber.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that: Comprising a motor as described in any one of claims 8-9.

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