Air pressure balance part and fly ash treatment system
By designing pneumatic pressure balance parts, using valves and water pumps to regulate liquid pumping, maintaining the pressure in the container stable, the problem of high sealing performance of existing fly ash dioxin low-temperature thermal detoxification process equipment is solved, and the equipment investment cost is reduced.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421492226.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-06-27
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-30
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-06-27
AI Technical Summary
The existing fly ash dioxin low-temperature thermal detoxification process requires air isolation, resulting in high requirements for equipment sealing performance and increasing equipment investment costs.
A gas pressure balance piece is designed, including an upper tank body, a lower tank body and a water pump, which is connected to the container through a gas breathing interface, and the liquid pump is adjusted by valves and water pumps to maintain the pressure in the container stable.
The pressure stabilization of the air pressure in the container is achieved, ensuring good air tightness between the container and the outside world, and reducing the cost of equipment investment.
Smart Images
Figure CN222919302U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of fly ash detoxification treatment, and particularly relates to a gas pressure balancing part and a fly ash treatment system. Background Technique
[0002] Dioxin, as one of the main toxic and harmful substances in municipal solid waste incineration fly ash, is a persistent organic pollutant (POPs). Whether the municipal solid waste incineration fly ash is harmlessly treated and disposed or recycled, the dioxin in it must be properly treated. During the high-temperature melting of fly ash or the co-processing in a cement kiln, the dioxin in the fly ash is completely decomposed under high-temperature environment. In addition, methods such as photocatalysis, hydrothermal treatment and low-temperature heat treatment can also effectively degrade the dioxin in fly ash. Among them, the low-temperature heat treatment process has been widely concerned and popularized in recent years due to its characteristics of low detoxification operation temperature, low amount of secondary synthesis of dioxin, low energy consumption and easy engineering application. However, the current low-temperature thermal detoxification process for fly ash dioxin requires air isolation (anoxic or anaerobic environment), so it has high requirements for its sealing performance, which will also lead to an increase in equipment investment costs. Content of the Utility Model
[0003] In order to solve the above technical problems, one of the purposes of the utility model is to provide a gas pressure balancing part with a simple structure, which can stabilize the gas pressure in the container and ensure good airtightness between the container and the outside.
[0004] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the utility model is as follows: a gas pressure balancing part, including an upper tank body, a lower tank body and a water pump. The upper tank body is arranged above the lower tank body. The lower tank body is provided with a gas breathing interface, an exhaust interface, a liquid discharge interface and a reflux interface. The upper tank body is provided with a liquid inlet interface, a liquid outlet interface and a gas pressure balancing interface. The exhaust interface is communicated with the atmosphere and is provided with a first valve. The liquid discharge interface is communicated with the liquid inlet interface through the water pump. The liquid outlet interface is communicated with the reflux interface, and a second valve is arranged at the communication position. The gas pressure balancing interface is communicated with the atmosphere, and a third valve is arranged at the gas pressure balancing interface. Both the upper tank body and the lower tank body are used for containing liquid.
[0005] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is as follows: In this way, the gas breathing interface can be communicated with the inside of the container, and the third valve is opened. When the pressure in the container tends to rise, at this time, the water pump can pump the liquid in the lower tank body into the upper tank body, so that more space is vacated in the lower tank body to store the gas overflowing from the container, so that the pressure in the container can be kept stable; when the pressure in the container tends to drop, at this time, the second valve can be opened, and the liquid in the upper tank body enters the lower tank body to squeeze the gas in the lower tank body into the container, so as to compensate for the drop in the pressure in the container and make the pressure in the container tend to be stable.
[0006] The above technical solution further includes an exhaust gas filter, which has an air inlet and an air outlet. The exhaust interface is communicated with the air inlet of the exhaust gas filter, and the first valve is arranged at the communication position between the two. A fourth valve is arranged at the air outlet of the exhaust gas filter.
[0007] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that by arranging the exhaust gas filter, when the lower tank discharges gas outward through the exhaust interface, the exhaust gas filter can purify the gas discharged from the lower tank.
[0008] The filter element in the exhaust gas filter in the above technical solution is activated carbon.
[0009] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that it has a good odor removal effect and can absorb harmful components in the gas discharged from the exhaust interface.
[0010] In the above technical solution, the upper tank is arranged at the upper end of the lower tank and integrally formed.
[0011] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that in this way, the structure of the whole air pressure balance part is simple.
[0012] In the above technical solution, both the gas breathing interface and the exhaust interface are arranged at the upper end of the lower tank, and both the liquid discharge interface and the reflux interface are located at the lower end of the lower tank.
[0013] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that in this way, the liquid in the lower tank can be prevented from forming a liquid seal on the gas breathing interface and the exhaust interface, and both the liquid discharge interface and the reflux interface are subjected to liquid seal treatment by the liquid in the lower tank.
[0014] In the above technical solution, the liquid inlet interface and the air pressure balance interface are arranged at the upper end of the upper tank, and the liquid outlet interface is arranged at the lower end of the upper tank.
[0015] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that in this way, the liquid in the upper tank can be prevented from forming a liquid seal on the liquid inlet interface and the air pressure balance interface, and the liquid outlet interface is immersed under the liquid level to facilitate liquid discharge by gravity.
[0016] In the above technical solution, the exhaust gas filter is arranged at the upper end of the upper tank or the lower tank.
[0017] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that in this way, its structure is more compact.
[0018] The second object of the present invention is to provide a fly ash treatment system with a simple structure and relatively stable internal pressure relative to the atmospheric pressure when treating fly ash.
[0019] To achieve the above object, another technical solution of the present utility model is as follows: A fly ash treatment system includes a fly ash treatment tank, a gas storage member, a temperature regulating member, and the air pressure balance member as described above. An inlet, a protective gas inlet, an air pressure balance port, and an outlet are provided on the fly ash treatment tank. An inlet valve is provided at the inlet, and an outlet valve is provided at the outlet. The gas storage member is communicated with the protective gas inlet, and an intake valve is provided at the communication position. The gas breathing interface is communicated with the air pressure balance port, and a regulating valve is provided at the communication position. The temperature regulating member is arranged on the fly ash treatment tank and is used to regulate the temperature of the fly ash in the fly ash treatment tank.
[0020] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is as follows: At this time, the fly ash treatment tank serves as a container. When treating the fly ash in the fly ash treatment tank, the pressure in the fly ash treatment tank will change with the filling amount and temperature of the fly ash. In order to prevent the fly ash treatment tank from having gas exchange with the outside due to airtightness problems caused by the pressure difference with the outside, an air pressure balance member is provided to stabilize the pressure in the fly ash treatment tank. Of course, the gas storage member is used to fill the fly ash treatment tank with protective gas so that the fly ash detoxification is carried out in the atmosphere of the protective gas.
[0021] In the above technical solution, liquid level monitoring elements are arranged in both the upper tank body and the lower tank body, and a pressure monitoring element for monitoring the pressure in the fly ash treatment tank is arranged on the fly ash treatment tank.
[0022] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is as follows: In this way, the liquid level conditions in the upper tank body and the lower tank body can be monitored by the corresponding liquid level detection elements respectively, so as to facilitate judging whether it is necessary to exhaust through the exhaust interface or whether it is necessary to add protective gas into the fly ash treatment tank by the gas storage member.
[0023] The above technical solution further includes a controller. The second valve is an electric valve. The second valve, the water pump, the pressure monitoring element, and the two liquid level monitoring elements are all electrically connected to the controller.
[0024] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is as follows: In this way, the entire fly ash treatment system can automatically adjust the pressure in the fly ash treatment tank to maintain a stable state with the outside. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0025] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view of the air pressure balance member described in Embodiment 1 of the present utility model;
[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the fly ash treatment system described in Embodiment 2 of the present utility model;
[0027] Figure 3 It is an electrical connection schematic diagram of the controller described in Embodiment 2 of the present utility model.
[0028] In the figure: 1. Air pressure balance component; 11. Upper tank body; 111. Liquid inlet interface; 112. Liquid outlet interface; 113. Air pressure balance interface; 12. Lower tank body; 121. Gas breathing interface; 122. Exhaust interface; 123. Liquid discharge interface; 124. Return interface; 13. Water pump; 14. First valve; 15. Second valve; 16. Third valve; 17. Exhaust gas filter; 18. Fourth valve; 19. Liquid level monitoring element; 2. Fly ash treatment tank; 21. Feed inlet; 22. Protection gas inlet; 23. Air pressure balance port; 24. Discharge outlet; 25. Pressure monitoring element; 3. Gas storage component; 4. Temperature regulating component; 5. Feed valve; 6. Discharge valve; 7. Intake valve; 8. Regulating valve; 9. Controller. Specific embodiments
[0029] The principles and features of the present utility model will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only for explaining the present utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model. In the following paragraphs, the present utility model will be described more specifically by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. The advantages and features of the present utility model will be more clear according to the following description and the claims. It should be noted that the accompanying drawings are all in a very simplified form and use non-precise scales, and are only used to conveniently and clearly assist in explaining the purpose of the embodiments of the present utility model.
[0030] Embodiment 1
[0031] As Figure 1As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a pneumatic balance component, including an upper tank body 11, a lower tank body 12 and a water pump 13. The upper tank body 11 is arranged above the lower tank body 12. The lower tank body 12 is provided with a gas breathing interface 121, an exhaust interface 122, a liquid discharge interface 123 and a reflux interface 124. The upper tank body 11 is provided with a liquid inlet interface 111, a liquid outlet interface 112 and a pneumatic balance interface 113. The exhaust interface 122 communicates with the atmosphere and is provided with a first valve 14. The liquid discharge interface 123 is connected to the liquid inlet interface 111 through the water pump 13. The liquid outlet interface 112 is connected to the reflux interface 124, and a second valve 15 is arranged at the connection. The pneumatic balance interface 113 communicates with the atmosphere, and a third valve 16 is arranged at the pneumatic balance interface 113. Both the upper tank body 11 and the lower tank body 12 are used to contain liquid. In this way, the gas breathing interface can be connected to the container, and the third valve is opened. When the pressure in the container tends to rise, at this time, the water pump can pump the liquid in the lower tank body into the upper tank body, so that more space is vacated in the lower tank body to store the gas overflowing from the container, so that the pressure in the container can be kept stable. When the pressure in the container tends to drop, at this time, the second valve can be opened, and the liquid in the upper tank body enters the lower tank body to squeeze the gas in the lower tank body into the container, thereby compensating for the drop in the pressure in the container and making the pressure in the container tend to be stable.
[0032] The above technical solution further includes an exhaust gas filter 17. The exhaust gas filter 17 has an air inlet and an air outlet. The exhaust interface 122 is connected to the air inlet of the exhaust gas filter 17, and the first valve 14 is arranged at the connection. A fourth valve 18 is arranged at the air outlet of the exhaust gas filter 17. By setting the exhaust gas filter, when the lower tank body exhausts gas outward through the exhaust interface, the exhaust gas filter can purify the gas discharged from the lower tank body. The filter element in the exhaust gas filter 17 is activated carbon, which has a good odor removal effect and can absorb the harmful components in the gas discharged from the exhaust interface (the fourth valve and the first valve are opened or closed simultaneously, mainly to prevent external air from entering the exhaust gas filter and affecting the service life of the exhaust gas filter).
[0033] In the above technical solution, the upper tank body 11 is arranged at the upper end of the lower tank body 12 and integrally formed, so that the structure of the whole pneumatic balance component is simple.
[0034] In the above technical solution, the gas breathing interface 121 and the exhaust interface 122 are both arranged at the upper end of the lower tank body 12 (the gas breathing interface 121 and the exhaust interface 122 are always above the liquid level in the lower tank body 12), and the liquid discharge interface 123 and the reflux interface 124 are both located at the lower end of the lower tank body 12 (specifically, it can be the lower end of the side wall, and the liquid discharge interface 123 and the reflux interface 124 are always below the liquid level in the lower tank body 12). In this way, the liquid in the lower tank body can be prevented from forming a liquid seal on the gas breathing interface and the exhaust interface, while the liquid discharge interface and the reflux interface are both subjected to liquid seal treatment by the liquid in the lower tank body.
[0035] In the above technical solution, the liquid inlet interface 111 and the air pressure balance interface 113 are arranged at the upper end of the upper tank body 11 (the liquid inlet interface 111 and the air pressure balance interface 113 are always above the liquid level in the upper tank body 11), and the liquid outlet interface 112 is arranged at the lower end of the upper tank body 11 (specifically, it can be the lower end of the side wall, and the liquid outlet interface is always below the liquid level in the upper tank body 11). In this way, the liquid in the upper tank body can be prevented from forming a liquid seal on the liquid inlet interface and the air pressure balance interface, and the liquid outlet interface is immersed under the liquid level to facilitate liquid discharge by gravity.
[0036] In the above technical solution, the waste gas filter 17 is arranged at the upper end of the upper tank body 11 or the lower tank body 12, so that its structure is more compact.
[0037] In this embodiment, the liquids contained in the upper tank body and the lower tank body can both be water.
[0038] Embodiment 2
[0039] As Figure 2As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a fly ash treatment system, including a fly ash treatment tank 2, a gas storage member 3, a temperature regulating member 4, and a pneumatic balance member 1 as described in Embodiment 1. The fly ash treatment tank 2 is provided with a feed inlet 21, a protective gas inlet 22, a pneumatic balance port 23, and a discharge port 24. A feed valve 5 is provided at the feed inlet 21, and a discharge valve 6 is provided at the discharge port 24. The gas storage member 3 is communicated with the protective gas inlet 22, and an intake valve 7 is provided at the communication point. The gas breathing interface 121 is communicated with the pneumatic balance port 23, and a regulating valve 8 is provided at the communication point. The temperature regulating member 4 is provided on the fly ash treatment tank 2, and is used to regulate the temperature of the fly ash in the fly ash treatment tank 2. At this time, the fly ash treatment tank serves as a container. At this time, the pressure in the fly ash treatment tank will change with the filling amount and temperature of the fly ash during the treatment of the fly ash. In order to prevent the fly ash treatment tank from having gas exchange with the outside due to airtightness problems caused by the pressure difference with the outside, a pneumatic balance member is provided to stabilize the pressure in the fly ash treatment tank. Of course, the gas storage member is used to fill the fly ash treatment tank with a protective gas so that the fly ash detoxification is carried out in the atmosphere of the protective gas. The gas stored in the gas storage member in this embodiment can be nitrogen.
[0040] In this embodiment, the lower end of the fly ash treatment tank can be in an inverted conical shape, and the discharge port 24 is provided at the tip of the lower end. In this embodiment, the feed inlet 21, the protective gas inlet 22, and the pneumatic balance port 23 can all be provided at the upper end of the fly ash treatment tank.
[0041] Before adding fly ash into the fly ash treatment tank in this embodiment, it is necessary to blow out the air in the fly ash treatment tank and the lower tank body in advance so that they are all filled with nitrogen. The fly ash detoxification is carried out in the nitrogen atmosphere. The reason for adding a pneumatic balance member to the fly ash treatment tank in this embodiment is to keep the fly ash treatment tank stable and minimize the pressure difference with the outside, so as to avoid the entry of outside air into the fly ash treatment tank (which will destroy the anaerobic environment in the fly ash treatment tank at this time), and also avoid the overflow of the gas in the fly ash treatment tank (which will pollute the atmospheric environment at this time).
[0042] In the above technical solution, liquid level monitoring elements 19 are provided in both the upper tank body 11 and the lower tank body 12, and a pressure monitoring element 25 for monitoring the pressure inside the fly ash treatment tank 2 is provided on the fly ash treatment tank 2. In this way, the liquid levels in the upper tank body and the lower tank body can be monitored by the corresponding liquid level detection elements respectively. Taking the upper tank body as an example, the liquid level in the upper tank body is monitored by the corresponding liquid level monitoring element to prevent the liquid level in the upper tank body from rising above the height of the liquid inlet interface 111 and the air pressure balance interface 113, or falling below the height of the liquid outlet interface; the same applies to the lower tank body, which will not be elaborated here. Specifically, for the upper tank body and the lower tank body, the internal liquid level fluctuations have both a liquid level upper limit value and a liquid level lower limit value, and the liquid level inside can only fluctuate between the liquid level upper limit value and the liquid level lower limit value.
[0043] In this embodiment, the liquid level detection element may be a liquid level sensor, and the liquid level sensor is provided on the inner bottom walls of the upper tank body and the lower tank body. The pressure detection element may be a pressure sensor, which is used to monitor the change in the pressure inside the fly ash treatment tank (whether it is an upward trend or a downward trend relative to the atmospheric pressure).
[0044] The temperature regulating element may be a heat exchange coil arranged in a spiral shape inside the fly ash treatment tank. Both ends of the temperature regulating element extend out of the fly ash treatment tank (the two ends of the temperature regulating element are respectively the liquid inlet end and the liquid outlet end). When a relatively high-temperature heat-conducting liquid is introduced into the temperature regulating element, the fly ash is heated, and when a relatively low-temperature cooling liquid is introduced into the temperature regulating element, the fly ash is cooled.
[0045] As Figure 3 shown, the above technical solution further includes a controller 9. The second valve 15 is an electric valve. The second valve 15, the water pump 13, the pressure monitoring element 25, and the two liquid level monitoring elements 19 are all electrically connected to the controller 9. In this way, the entire fly ash treatment system can automatically adjust the pressure inside the fly ash treatment tank to maintain a stable state with the outside world. In this embodiment, the controller may adopt a PLC controller.
[0046] Among them, the first valve 14, the third valve 16, the fourth valve 18, the regulating valve, and the air inlet valve may all be manual valves.
[0047] The operating principle of the fly ash treatment system in this embodiment is as follows: When the fly ash treatment system is operating, the regulating valve 8 and the third valve 16 are opened (normally open). When the pressure monitoring element detects an increase in the pressure inside the fly ash treatment tank, the controller controls the water pump 13 to start, and the water pump pumps the liquid in the lower tank into the upper tank. At this time, the pressure inside the fly ash treatment tank is adjusted back to a stable state. When the pressure inside the fly ash treatment tank approaches the atmospheric pressure, the controller controls the water pump to shut down. When the pressure monitoring element detects a decrease in the pressure inside the fly ash treatment tank, the controller controls the second valve to open. At this time, the liquid in the upper tank is discharged into the lower tank, and the gas in the lower tank is squeezed into the fly ash treatment tank, causing the pressure inside the fly ash treatment tank to rise for adjustment until the pressure inside the fly ash treatment tank approaches the atmospheric pressure. At this time, the controller can control the second valve to close. To prevent accidents, the fluctuation of the liquid levels in the upper tank and the lower tank are monitored by the corresponding liquid level monitoring elements. When the liquid level tends to exceed the upper limit or the lower limit of the liquid level, the controller needs to control the water pump to stop urgently (when the liquid level in the lower tank exceeds the lower limit of the liquid level or the liquid level in the upper tank exceeds the upper limit of the liquid level), or control the second valve to close urgently (when the liquid level in the lower tank exceeds the upper limit of the liquid level or the liquid level in the upper tank exceeds the lower limit of the liquid level).
[0048] After the fly ash treatment system has been operating for a certain period of time, the gas composition inside the fly ash treatment tank changes significantly (in addition to the protective gas, it also contains pyrolyzed waste gases such as dioxins). When the content of the waste gas increases to significantly affect the fly ash detoxification effect, the first valve and the fourth valve can be opened at this time to exhaust the lower tank (i.e., indirectly exhaust the fly ash treatment tank). The exhausted gas is adsorbed by the waste gas filter and then discharged, and at the same time, the intake valve 7 is opened to replace the fresh protective gas in the fly ash treatment tank (i.e., indirectly replace the fresh protective gas in the lower tank).
[0049] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it does not impose any form of limitation on the present invention. Any ordinary technician in the industry can smoothly implement the present invention according to the description in the accompanying drawings and the above description. However, any equivalent changes, such as minor modifications, evolutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention using the technical content disclosed above, are equivalent embodiments of the present invention. At the same time, any equivalent changes, such as modifications and evolutions made to the above embodiments based on the essential technology of the present invention, still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims
1. A gas pressure balance, characterized in that , comprising an upper tank body (11), a lower tank body (12) and a water pump (13), wherein the upper tank body (11) is arranged above the lower tank body (12), the lower tank body (12) is provided with a gas breathing interface (121), an exhaust interface (122), a liquid discharge interface (123) and a reflux interface (124), the upper tank body (11) is provided with a liquid inlet interface (111), a liquid outlet interface (112) and a gas pressure balance interface (113), the exhaust interface (122) is connected to the atmosphere The upper tank body (11) and the lower tank body (12) are connected and provided with a first valve (14); the liquid discharge interface (123) is connected to the liquid inlet interface (111) through the water pump (13); the liquid outlet interface (112) is connected to the reflux interface (124), and a second valve (15) is provided at the connection point; the air pressure balance interface (113) is connected to the atmosphere, and a third valve (16) is provided at the air pressure balance interface (113); and the upper tank body (11) and the lower tank body (12) are both used to contain liquid.
2. The gas pressure balance according to claim 1, characterized in that , further comprising an exhaust gas filter (17), the exhaust gas filter (17) having an air inlet and an air outlet, the exhaust interface (122) being connected to the air inlet of the exhaust gas filter (17), the first valve (14) being arranged at the connection between the two, and a fourth valve (18) being arranged at the air outlet of the exhaust gas filter (17).
3. The gas pressure balance according to claim 2, characterized in that , the filter element in the exhaust gas filter (17) is activated carbon.
4. The gas pressure balance according to claim 1, characterized in that The upper tank body (11) is arranged at the upper end of the lower tank body (12) and is integrally formed.
5. The gas pressure balance according to claim 1, characterized in that The gas breathing interface (121) and the exhaust interface (122) are both arranged at the upper end of the lower tank body (12), and the liquid discharge interface (123) and the reflux interface (124) are both located at the lower end of the lower tank body (12).
6. The gas pressure balance according to claim 1, characterized in that The liquid inlet interface (111) and the air pressure balance interface (113) are arranged at the upper end of the upper tank body (11), and the liquid outlet interface (112) is arranged at the lower end of the upper tank body (11).
7. The gas pressure balance according to claim 2, characterized in that The exhaust gas filter (17) is arranged at the upper end of the upper tank body (11) or the lower tank body (12).
8. A fly ash treatment system, characterized in that: It comprises a fly ash treatment tank (2), an air storage component (3), a temperature regulating component (4) and an air pressure balance component (1) as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the fly ash treatment tank (2) is provided with a feed port (21), a protective gas inlet (22), an air pressure balance port (23) and a discharge port (24), the feed port (21) is provided with a feed valve (5), the discharge port (24) is provided with a discharge valve (6), the air storage component (3) is connected with the protective gas inlet (22), and an air intake valve (7) is provided at the connection point, the gas breathing interface (121) is connected with the air pressure balance port (23), and a regulating valve (8) is provided at the connection point, and the temperature regulating component (4) is provided on the fly ash treatment tank (2) for regulating the temperature of the fly ash in the fly ash treatment tank (2).
9. The fly ash processing system according to claim 8, characterized in that: Liquid level monitoring elements (19) are provided in both the upper tank body (11) and the lower tank body (12), and a pressure monitoring element (25) for monitoring the pressure in the fly ash processing tank (2) is provided on the fly ash processing tank (2).
10. The fly ash processing system according to claim 9, characterized in that: It also includes a controller (9), the second valve (15) is an electric valve, and the second valve (15), the water pump (13), the pressure monitoring element (25) and the two liquid level monitoring elements (19) are all electrically connected to the controller (9).