Heat exchange equipment

Abstract

The utility model discloses heat exchange equipment which comprises a heat exchanger tube pass for a first medium to circulate and a heat exchanger shell pass for a second medium to circulate, and the temperature of the first medium is higher than that of the second medium. The heat exchanger tube pass at least comprises a first tube box and a heat exchange tube bundle assembly which are arranged up and down, a first medium inlet is formed in the upper end of the first tube box, the lower end of the first tube box communicates with the heat exchange tube bundle assembly, and a heat insulation lining layer is arranged on the inner wall of a cavity of the first tube box. The heat exchanger shell side at least comprises a shell side shell, the shell side shell at least covers the outer side of the heat exchange tube bundle assembly, and a second medium inlet and a second medium outlet are formed in the shell side shell. Structural forms of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger and the shell-and-tube waste heat boiler are organically combined, so that the problem of blockage of heat exchange equipment caused by accumulation of particulate matters can be avoided, meanwhile, high-temperature media can be borne, and long-time continuous and stable operation is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of waste heat recovery, and more specifically, to a heat exchange device. Background Art

[0002] A heat exchange device is a device that cools and exchanges heat with high-temperature gas (usually flue gas) through water and / or steam to achieve heat recovery. By taking away the high-temperature heat in the high-temperature gas through this device, it is used to by-product steam for other devices.

[0003] Generally in the chemical, petrochemical, and metallurgical industries, some equipment will generate high-temperature gas, the temperature of which can reach up to 650°C or even higher, and in many working conditions, there will be more solid particles or dust mixed in. Generally, water or low-pressure steam is used as the medium for cooling and heat exchange of this high-temperature gas. Especially in the metallurgical industry, the amount of waste heat and residual energy resources is huge, but currently the waste heat utilization rate in the steel industry is only 30 - 40%, and the utilization efficiency after recovery is not high.

[0004] Currently, the commonly used heat exchange devices in the industry include shell-and-tube heat exchangers, shell-and-tube preheating boilers, etc. However, for a general shell-and-tube heat exchanger, if the working temperature exceeds 600°C, it will exceed the temperature usage range of the materials of general pressure vessels, and it may cause high-temperature creep of the metal materials used in the shell-and-tube heat exchanger, resulting in equipment failure. Therefore, the conventional structure type of shell-and-tube heat exchangers cannot be directly selected.

[0005] For a shell-and-tube waste heat boiler, although it can meet the high-temperature requirements above 600°C, its structure is usually horizontal. For high-temperature gas with more solid particles or dust mixed in, such as the gas at the top of a shaft furnace equipment contains dust of 3000 - 5000mg / Nm 3 , with such a high dust content, if a horizontal shell-and-tube waste heat boiler is used, particulate matter will accumulate at the bottom of the heat exchange tubes and in the inlet and outlet tube boxes, resulting in blockage and unable to operate continuously and stably for a long time. Therefore, it is not a reasonable selection type either.

[0006] Therefore, how to avoid the blockage problem caused by particulate matter accumulation in the heat exchange device, and at the same time be able to withstand high-temperature media and ensure long-term continuous and stable operation has become a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art. Content of the Utility Model

[0007] In view of this, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a heat exchange device to avoid the blockage problem caused by particulate matter accumulation in the heat exchange device, and at the same time be able to withstand high-temperature media and ensure long-term continuous and stable operation.

[0008] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] A heat exchange device includes a heat exchanger tube side for the flow of a first medium and a heat exchanger shell side for the flow of a second medium, and the temperature of the first medium is higher than that of the second medium;

[0010] The heat exchanger tube side at least includes a first tube sheet and a heat exchange tube bundle assembly arranged vertically. The upper end of the first tube sheet has a first medium inlet, the lower end is connected to the heat exchange tube bundle assembly, and the inner wall of the cavity of the first tube sheet is provided with a heat insulation lining layer;

[0011] The heat exchanger shell side at least includes a shell side housing, and the shell side housing at least covers the outside of the heat exchange tube bundle assembly. A second medium inlet and a second medium outlet are provided on the shell side housing.

[0012] Optionally, in the above heat exchange device, the first tube sheet includes a tube sheet housing, a ring plate and an inner tube of the tube sheet;

[0013] The outer ring of the ring plate is connected to the lower end of the tube sheet housing, the inner ring of the ring plate is connected to the upper end of the inner tube of the tube sheet, and the inner walls of the tube sheet housing and the inner tube of the tube sheet are both provided with the heat insulation lining layer;

[0014] The shell side housing extends to the ring plate, is located outside the inner tube of the tube sheet, and has a heat exchange space with the inner tube of the tube sheet.

[0015] Optionally, in the above heat exchange device, the second medium outlet is provided at the upper end of the shell side housing and is communicated with the heat exchange space between the shell side housing and the inner tube of the tube sheet.

[0016] Optionally, in the above heat exchange device, the heat exchange tube bundle assembly includes a first tube plate, heat exchange tubes and a second tube plate;

[0017] The heat exchange tubes are multiple and arranged in an array, and the two ends of the heat exchange tubes are respectively fixed on the first tube plate and the second tube plate. The first tube plate is fixed to the lower end of the inner tube of the tube sheet and seals the lower end of the inner tube of the tube sheet;

[0018] The heat exchanger tube side further includes a second tube sheet, the second tube sheet is connected to the lower side of the second tube plate, and the lower end of the second tube sheet is provided with a first medium outlet. The second tube sheet is a conical structure with a gradually decreasing flow area from top to bottom.

[0019] Optionally, in the above heat exchange device, the second medium inlet includes a second medium lower inlet and a second medium upper inlet. The second medium lower inlet is provided at the lower end of the shell side housing, the second medium upper inlet is provided at the upper end of the shell side housing and is located below the first tube plate; and / or,

[0020] Reinforcing ribs are provided at the connection between the inner cylinder of the tube box and the first tube sheet.

[0021] Optionally, in the above heat exchange device, an internal spray pipe is provided in the shell side shell body, and the second medium upper inlet is communicated with the internal spray pipe.

[0022] Optionally, in the above heat exchange device, a jacketed external guide cylinder is sleeved outside the lower end of the shell side shell body. A plurality of second medium inlet holes are evenly arranged in the part of the shell side shell body located inside the jacketed external guide cylinder, and the second medium lower inlet is communicated with the jacketed external guide cylinder.

[0023] Optionally, in the above heat exchange device, one end of the heat exchange tube penetrates through the first tube sheet. A tube sheet heat insulation layer is provided on the side of the first tube sheet facing the inner cylinder of the tube box. The tube sheet heat insulation layer is provided with a communication hole communicated with the heat exchange tube, and a heat protection structure is embedded in the communication hole.

[0024] Optionally, in the above heat exchange device, the heat protection structure includes a stainless steel sleeve and a ceramic sleeve. The ceramic sleeve is sleeved outside the stainless steel sleeve, and the ceramic sleeve and the stainless steel sleeve are fixed by ceramic fiber paper.

[0025] Optionally, in the above heat exchange device, a rigid ring support for providing a support foundation for the heat exchange device is provided on the outer wall of the shell side shell body; and / or,

[0026] A manhole is provided in the first tube box; and / or,

[0027] The heat exchange tube bundle assembly has a plurality of baffle plates along the flow direction of the second medium.

[0028] The heat exchange device provided by the present utility model designs the tube side of the heat exchanger as a first tube box and a heat exchange tube bundle assembly arranged up and down, and an insulation lining layer is provided on the inner wall of the cavity of the first tube box. That is, the present utility model organically combines the structural forms of a shell and tube heat exchanger and a shell and tube waste heat boiler. The inner surface of the first tube box of the heat exchange device that first contacts the relatively high-temperature first medium adopts the tube box form of the shell and tube waste heat boiler, that is, an insulation lining layer is provided inside it, avoiding the direct contact between the relatively high-temperature first medium and the metal shell wall, controlling the metal wall temperature on the inner surface of the first tube box below 350 °C, enabling the heat exchange device to withstand high-temperature media and ensuring long-term continuous and stable operation. In addition, the first tube box and the heat exchange tube bundle assembly are arranged up and down, and the flow direction of the first medium is from top to bottom, that is, the heat exchange device adopts a vertical arrangement structure. The solid particles in the first medium can be discharged from the heat exchange device under the action of gravity, so that the problem of blockage of the heat exchange device caused by particle accumulation can be avoided. Description of the Drawings

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0030] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view of the heat exchange device disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the heat exchange device disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention at the inner cylinder of the tube box;

[0032] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the heat exchange device disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention above the inner spray pipe;

[0033] Figure 4 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the heat exchange device disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention at the first tube sheet.

[0034] The meanings of the various reference numerals in the drawings are as follows:

[0035] 100 - Tube side of the heat exchanger;

[0036] 110 - First tube box; 111 - First medium inlet; 112 - Tube box housing; 113 - Manhole; 114 - Ring plate; 115 - Inner cylinder of the tube box; 1151 - Reinforcing rib; 116 - Heat insulation lining layer;

[0037] 120 - Heat exchange tube bundle assembly; 121 - First tube sheet; 122 - Heat exchange tube; 1221 - Stainless steel sleeve; 1222 - Ceramic sleeve; 1223 - Ceramic fiber paper; 123 - Baffle plate; 124 - Second tube sheet;

[0038] 130 - Second tube box; 131 - Lower tube box shell; 132 - First medium outlet;

[0039] 200 - Shell side of the heat exchanger; 201 - Second medium outlet; 202 - Upper inlet of the second medium; 203 - Inner spray pipe; 204 - Rigid ring support; 205 - Shell side housing; 206 - Jacketed outer guide cylinder; 207 - Lower inlet of the second medium; 208 - Second medium inlet hole. Detailed implementation manners

[0040] The core of the present invention lies in providing a heat exchange device to avoid the blockage problem caused by the accumulation of particulate matter in the heat exchange device, and at the same time be able to withstand high-temperature media to ensure long-term continuous and stable operation.

[0041] Hereinafter, embodiments will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In addition, the embodiments shown below do not limit the utility model content described in the claims in any way. Further, all the contents of the configurations shown in the following embodiments are not limited to those necessary for the solution of the utility model described in the claims. It should be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts related to the utility model are shown in the drawings. Without conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present utility model can be combined with each other.

[0042] Neither of the two heat exchange devices in the prior art can meet the heat exchange requirements of high-temperature media with particulate matter. Among them, the shell-and-tube heat exchanger cannot withstand the temperature of the high-temperature medium. In a high-temperature environment, the metal materials used in the shell-and-tube heat exchanger will undergo high-temperature creep, resulting in equipment failure. The shell-and-tube waste heat boiler can meet the use requirements of high-temperature media, but due to its horizontal structure, for high-temperature media with solid particulate matter, solid particulate matter will deposit and cause blockage, resulting in the inability to operate continuously and stably for a long time.

[0043] Based on the above problems of the heat exchange device, an embodiment of the present utility model discloses a heat exchange device, which can avoid the blockage problem caused by the accumulation of particulate matter in the heat exchange device, and at the same time can withstand high-temperature media, ensuring long-term continuous and stable operation.

[0044] As Figure 1 shown, the heat exchange device disclosed in the embodiment of the present utility model includes a heat exchanger tube side 100 for the first medium to flow through and a heat exchanger shell side 200 for the second medium to flow through. The temperature of the first medium is higher than that of the second medium, and this heat exchange device is used to cool the first medium and transfer the waste heat of the first medium to the second medium. Specifically, the first medium can be a high-temperature gas, such as flue gas, and the second medium can be water and / or steam.

[0045] The heat exchange device disclosed in the embodiment of the present utility model can be used for the energy recovery of high-temperature flue gas generated by a shaft furnace. A shaft furnace is a smelting device for DRI (Direct Reduced Iron). For each ton of DRI (Direct Reduced Iron), 1140 MJ to 1230 MJ of heat can be recovered, which is equivalent to co-producing 590 kg to 630 kg of steam with a pressure of 0.5 to 1.4 MPaG per ton of DRI. The specifications of this steam need to match the steam specifications of the whole plant. Different specifications result in slightly different steam production amounts.

[0046] The heat exchanger tube side 100 at least includes a first tube sheet 110 and a heat exchange tube bundle assembly 120 arranged vertically. The upper end of the first tube sheet 110 has a first medium inlet 111, that is, high-temperature flue gas enters the first tube sheet 110 through the first medium inlet 111 and flows downward along the direction from top to bottom of the first tube sheet 110.

[0047] The lower end of the first tube sheet 110 is communicated with the heat exchange tube bundle assembly 120. High-temperature flue gas flows into the heat exchange tube bundle assembly 120 from the lower end of the first tube sheet 110 and finally flows out of the heat exchange device. Since the first tube sheet 110 is located upstream of the heat exchange device and is the part that first contacts the first medium with a higher temperature (i.e., high-temperature flue gas), in order to prevent the shell metal of the first tube sheet 110 from undergoing high-temperature creep caused by high-temperature flue gas, in this embodiment, a heat insulation lining layer 116 is provided on the inner wall of the cavity of the first tube sheet 110. The heat insulation lining layer 116 can separate the shell metal of the first tube sheet 110 from the high-temperature flue gas, thereby reducing the heat conducted from the high-temperature flue gas to the shell metal of the first tube sheet 110, that is, it can avoid deformation due to excessive temperature.

[0048] By adjusting the material, structure, thickness, etc. of the heat insulation lining layer 116, the setting that meets the selected metal wall temperature is determined. At this temperature, the selection of the shell material, structural calculation, and design and manufacture of the heat exchange device can be carried out according to the requirements of the type of shell-and-tube heat exchanger (such as a vertical fixed tube sheet heat exchanger). The shell material selection can generally be common pressure vessel steels such as carbon steel, low alloy steel, and chromium molybdenum steel.

[0049] The shell side 200 of the heat exchanger at least includes a shell side housing 205. The shell side housing 205 at least covers the outside of the heat exchange tube bundle assembly 120. A second medium inlet and a second medium outlet 201 are provided on the shell side housing 205. The second medium (water and / or steam) entering the shell side housing 205 from the second medium inlet exchanges heat with the first medium in the heat exchange tube bundle assembly 120 to reduce the temperature of the first medium. After the second medium is heated, steam products are obtained and flow out of the heat exchange device through the second medium outlet 201.

[0050] The heat exchange equipment provided by the utility model designs the tube side 100 of the heat exchanger as a first tube sheet 110 and a heat exchange tube bundle assembly 120 arranged vertically, and an insulating lining layer 116 is provided on the inner wall of the cavity of the first tube sheet 110. That is, the utility model organically combines the structural forms of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger and a shell-and-tube waste heat boiler. The inner surface of the first tube sheet 110 of the heat exchange equipment that first contacts the first medium with a relatively high temperature (usually above 600 °C) adopts the tube sheet form of the shell-and-tube waste heat boiler, that is, an insulating lining layer 116 is provided inside it, avoiding the direct contact of the first medium with a relatively high temperature with the metal shell wall, controlling the metal wall temperature of the inner surface of the first tube sheet 110 below 350 °C, enabling the heat exchange equipment to withstand high-temperature media and ensuring long-term continuous and stable operation. In addition, the first tube sheet 110 and the heat exchange tube bundle assembly 120 are arranged vertically, and the flow direction of the first medium is from top to bottom. That is, the heat exchange equipment adopts a vertical arrangement structure, and the solid particles in the first medium can be discharged from the heat exchange equipment along with the first medium under the action of gravity. Therefore, the problem of blockage of the heat exchange equipment caused by particle accumulation can be avoided.

[0051] In order to further improve the heat exchange efficiency, in this embodiment, the first tube sheet 110 includes a tube sheet housing 112, an annular plate 114 and a tube sheet inner cylinder 115. The outer ring of the annular plate 114 is connected to the lower end of the tube sheet housing 112, and the inner ring of the annular plate 114 is connected to the upper end of the tube sheet inner cylinder 115. The annular plate 114 is used to connect the tube sheet housing 112 and the tube sheet inner cylinder 115 with different sizes, and the connection can be specifically realized by welding. Insulating lining layers 116 are provided on the inner walls of both the tube sheet housing 112 and the tube sheet inner cylinder 115.

[0052] The shell side housing 205 extends to the annular plate 114, is located outside the tube sheet inner cylinder 115, and has a heat exchange space with the tube sheet inner cylinder 115. Specifically, the shell side housing 205 can be connected to the outer ring of the annular plate 114 so that the shell side housing 205 and the tube sheet housing 112 are coplanar, so that the connection part of the shell side housing 205, the annular plate 114 and the tube sheet housing 112 has a relatively consistent appearance.

[0053] It should be noted that the width of the heat exchange space between the shell side housing 205 and the tube sheet inner cylinder 115 can be selected according to requirements, and can be specifically designed through the width of the annular plate 114.

[0054] Insulating lining layers 116 are provided on the inner walls of both the tube sheet housing 112 and the tube sheet inner cylinder 115. Specifically, the insulating lining layer 116 of the tube sheet housing 112 and the insulating lining layer 116 of the tube sheet inner cylinder 115 can be provided on the same surface to reduce the flow resistance of the first medium inside the first tube sheet 110.

[0055] Since the inner cylinder 115 of the tube sheet is inside the shell 112 of the tube sheet, the thickness of the heat insulation lining layer 116 of the inner cylinder 115 of the tube sheet is less than the thickness of the heat insulation lining layer 116 of the shell 112 of the tube sheet. Although there is a difference in the thickness of the heat insulation lining layer 116 between the shell 112 of the tube sheet and the inner cylinder 115 of the tube sheet, since the second medium passes through the heat exchange space between the shell 112 of the tube sheet and the inner cylinder 115 of the tube sheet, the temperature of the inner cylinder 115 of the tube sheet can be reduced. Even if the heat insulation lining layer 116 of the inner cylinder 115 of the tube sheet is relatively thin, it will not cause the temperature of the inner cylinder 115 of the tube sheet to be too high.

[0056] Furthermore, the second medium outlet 201 is arranged at the upper end of the shell 205 of the shell side and communicates with the heat exchange space between the shell 205 of the shell side and the inner cylinder 115 of the tube sheet. In this embodiment, setting the second medium outlet 201 at the upper end of the inner cylinder 115 of the tube sheet can ensure that the second medium flows through the heat exchange space between the shell 205 of the shell side and the inner cylinder 115 of the tube sheet before being discharged from this heat exchange device.

[0057] In a specific embodiment of the present utility model, the heat exchange tube bundle assembly 120 includes a first tube sheet 121, heat exchange tubes 122, and a second tube sheet 124. The heat exchange tubes 122 are multiple and arranged in an array, and both ends of the heat exchange tubes 122 are respectively fixed to the first tube sheet 121 and the second tube sheet 124.

[0058] It should be noted that the first tube sheet 121 and the second tube sheet 124 are used to restrain each heat exchange tube 122, but they cannot affect the flow of the first medium in the heat exchange tubes 122, that is, the first tube sheet 121 and the second tube sheet 124 cannot block the tube orifices of the heat exchange tubes 122. Through holes need to be opened on the first tube sheet 121 and the second tube sheet 124, and the heat exchange tubes 122 are inserted into the through holes of the first tube sheet 121 and the second tube sheet 124. Firstly, this can fix each heat exchange tube 122, and secondly, it does not affect the flow of the first medium.

[0059] The first tube sheet 121 is fixed to the lower end of the inner cylinder 115 of the tube sheet and seals the lower end of the inner cylinder 115 of the tube sheet. The first tube sheet 121 is fixed at the lower end of the inner cylinder 115 of the tube sheet, realizing the isolation between the first medium flow space and the second medium flow space. At the same time, the first tube sheet 121 also realizes the butt connection and communication between the heat exchange tubes 122 and the first tube box 110.

[0060] The tube side 100 of the heat exchanger further includes a second tube box 130, and the second tube box 130 is connected to the lower side of the second tube sheet 124. Specifically, the second tube box 130 can be fixed to the second tube sheet 124 through a flange structure using fasteners, so that the second tube box 130 is in a connected state with the heat exchange tubes 122, and it is also convenient for disassembly, cleaning, maintenance, or replacement. It should be noted that the fixing method between the second tube box 130 and the second tube sheet 124 can also be other methods, such as welding, etc.

[0061] A first medium outlet 132 is provided at the lower end of the second tube sheet 130. The second tube sheet 130 is a conical structure with a gradually decreasing flow area from top to bottom, that is, the lower tube sheet shell 131 of the second tube sheet 130 is a conical structure. After the high-temperature flue gas exchanges heat with water and water vapor in the shell side 200 of the heat exchanger through the heat exchange tubes 122, it enters the second tube sheet 130. The lower part of the second tube sheet 130 is a conical structure, which facilitates the discharge of the particulate matter entrained in the high-temperature flue gas together with the high-temperature flue gas, preventing accumulation and blockage in the second tube sheet 130.

[0062] Although the method of using the heat-insulating lining layer 116 can ensure that the temperature of the tube sheet shell 112 is controllable within a safe range, for the upper part of the first tube sheet 121 and the heat exchange tubes 122 connected to the first tube sheet 121, if the flow rate of the first medium (high-temperature flue gas) is too fast or the heat exchange is not timely, local overheating problems may occur in each part. Therefore, another more reliable rapid cooling method needs to be added to the first tube sheet 121.

[0063] Based on the above problems, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the second medium inlet may include not only the second medium lower inlet 207 but also the second medium upper inlet 202. In order to ensure that the second medium has a longer heat exchange path, the second medium inlet is set at a lower position and the second medium outlet 201 is set at a higher position, which can ensure that the second medium has a longer heat exchange path and improve the heat exchange efficiency. Therefore, the heat exchange equipment disclosed in this embodiment is provided with the second medium lower inlet 207, and the second medium lower inlet 207 can be set at the lower end of the shell side housing 205, that is, adjacent to the second tube sheet 124.

[0064] Since the second medium flows upward from the lower end of the shell side housing 205 and the temperature-higher first medium flows downward from top to bottom, the temperature corresponding to the upper end of the shell side housing 205 is relatively high, especially the temperature near the first tube sheet 121 is even higher, which will cause the first tube sheet 121 to overheat. Based on this, the heat exchange equipment disclosed in this embodiment is provided with the second medium upper inlet 202. The second medium upper inlet 202 is set at the upper end of the shell side housing 205 and is located on the lower side of the first tube sheet 121, that is, arranged as close as possible to the first tube sheet 121. In this embodiment, by adding the second medium upper inlet 202 at the upper end of the shell side housing 205, the second medium introduced through the second medium upper inlet 202 can quickly exchange heat with the first tube sheet 121 and the upper part of the heat exchange tubes 122, thereby reducing the temperature of the first tube sheet 121 and the upper end of the heat exchange tubes 122 and ensuring that the high-temperature part does not exceed the temperature limit.

[0065] Further, as Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, in order to ensure that the second medium introduced through the second medium upper inlet 202 can exchange heat with the first medium more evenly, in this embodiment, an internal spray pipe 203 is provided in the shell-side housing 205, and the second medium upper inlet 202 is communicated with the internal spray pipe 203. As Figure 3 shown, the internal spray pipe 203 is a cross-shaped internal spray pipe, and the intersection point of the cross-shaped internal spray pipe is located at the center of the shell-side housing 205. A plurality of spray holes are uniformly arranged on the internal spray pipe 203. The internal spray pipe 203 can be arranged in only one layer, or can be arranged in multiple layers at intervals along the height direction of the shell-side housing 205.

[0066] It should be noted that there can be multiple second medium upper inlets 202, that is, each end of the internal spray pipe 203 is involved with a second medium upper inlet 202. Of course, only one second medium upper inlet 202 can also be provided, and the internal spray pipes 203 can be interconnected, so that even if only one second medium upper inlet 202 is designed, it can still ensure that the second medium can be sprayed out through each internal spray pipe 203.

[0067] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, in order to improve the strength of the connection between the tube sheet inner cylinder 115 and the first tube sheet 121, in this embodiment, a reinforcing rib 1151 is provided at the connection between the tube sheet inner cylinder 115 and the first tube sheet 121. The reinforcing ribs 1151 can be multiple and uniformly arranged, and the reinforcing ribs 1151 can be arranged on the inner wall side of the tube sheet inner cylinder 115. The first tube sheet 121 is integrally placed inside the shell-side housing 205, the ring plate 114 is connected to the tube sheet inner cylinder 115, and the tube sheet inner cylinder 115 extends downward and then connects to the first tube sheet 121. At the right-angle position where the tube sheet inner cylinder 115 is connected to the first tube sheet 121, a reinforcing rib 1151 is provided for reinforcement, so that the entire first tube sheet 121, tube sheet inner cylinder 115 and ring plate 114 form a rigid whole, that is, a structural form similar to the mechanical model of the welded connection structure of the traditional fixed tube sheet heat exchanger. And make the entire first tube sheet 121 completely placed inside the shell-side housing 205, so that the first tube sheet 121 is immersed in the environment of the second medium (water and water vapor), ensuring sufficient, timely and uniform heat exchange.

[0068] In a specific embodiment of the present utility model, a jacketed external guide cylinder 206 is sleeved outside the lower end of the shell-side shell 205. A plurality of second medium inlet holes 208 arranged uniformly are formed in the part of the shell-side shell 205 located inside the jacketed external guide cylinder 206, and the second medium lower inlet 207 is communicated with the jacketed external guide cylinder 206. Under the pressure environment in the shell, the second medium is in the form of a liquid-gas mixture. After water and water vapor enter the interlayer space between the shell-side shell 205 and the jacketed external guide cylinder 206 through the second medium lower inlet 207, they then enter the shell-side shell 205 more uniformly through the second medium inlet holes 208 of the same size and evenly distributed around the periphery of the shell-side shell 205 in the interlayer.

[0069] It should be noted that multiple second medium lower inlets 207 can be designed and evenly distributed on the jacketed external guide cylinder 206 to ensure uniform introduction of the second medium. Of course, only one second medium lower inlet 207 can also be designed as long as the introduction of the second medium into the jacketed external guide cylinder 206 can be completed.

[0070] As Figure 1 and Figure 3 shown, the heat exchange tube bundle assembly 120 has a plurality of baffles 123 along the flow direction of the second medium. After the second medium enters the interlayer space between the shell-side shell 205 and the jacketed external guide cylinder 206 through the second medium lower inlet 207, it then enters the shell-side shell 205 through the second medium inlet holes 208 of the shell-side shell 205 in the interlayer. Among them, the liquid water in the second medium can be deposited at the bottom of the shell-side shell 205, and the water and water vapor flow upward repeatedly through the baffles 123. After ensuring sufficient heat exchange, they are discharged from the second medium outlet 201 below the ring plate 114 at the upper part of the shell-side shell 205. This structure can make the water and water vapor enter the shell-side shell 205 more uniformly, achieve rapid and sufficient heat exchange, and can reduce the diameter of the lower section of the shell-side shell 205, making the structural design more economical and reasonable.

[0071] To further prevent overheating of the upper part of the first tube sheet 121 and the heat exchange tubes 122, as Figure 4 shown, in this embodiment, one end of the heat exchange tube 122 penetrates through the first tube sheet 121. A tube sheet heat insulation layer is provided on the side of the first tube sheet 121 facing the inner cylinder 115 of the tube box. The tube sheet heat insulation layer is provided with a communication hole communicated with the heat exchange tube 122, and a heat protection structure is embedded in the communication hole. After the tube sheet heat insulation layer is provided on the upper surface of the first tube sheet 121 in the present utility model, the temperature of the first tube sheet 121 will be reduced to a certain extent. However, since the thickness of the tube sheet heat insulation layer provided on the upper surface of the first tube sheet 121 is thinner than other positions, the temperature of the first tube sheet 121 will be higher than the metal wall temperature of the tube box shell 112, and generally can be controlled within 450 °C.

[0072] Among them, the thermal protection structure may include a stainless steel sleeve 1221 and a ceramic sleeve 1222. The ceramic sleeve 1222 is sleeved outside the stainless steel sleeve 1221, and the ceramic sleeve 1222 and the stainless steel sleeve 1221 are fixed by ceramic fiber paper 1223. With this arrangement, it can ensure that the tube heads on the upper part of the first tube sheet 121 are firmly installed, wear-resistant, and have unobstructed air intake. After the first medium enters the heat exchange tube 122 through the thermal protection structure, it can be guided downward through the thermal protection structure to the position where the second medium is immersed around the lower part of the heat exchange tube 122, enabling timely heat exchange and preventing deformation or even pulling off of the tube heads.

[0073] The heat exchange device disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention adopts a vertical structure and can be supported by a rigid ring support 204. The rigid ring support 204 can be arranged on the outer wall of the shell-side shell 205 to ensure that the particulate matter entrained in the high-temperature gas can smoothly pass through the heat exchange tube 122, prevent accumulation or blockage, and ensure the normal use and operation safety of the heat exchange device.

[0074] A manhole 113 is opened in the first tube sheet 110. Specifically, the manhole 113 can be arranged in the middle area of the first tube sheet 110 to facilitate the construction of the heat insulation lining layer 116 on the tube sheet housing 112 and the tube sheet heat insulation layer on the surface of the first tube sheet 121, as well as the subsequent maintenance and repair.

[0075] As shown in this application and the claims, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, words such as "a", "an", "one", and / or "the" are not specifically singular and may also include plural. Generally speaking, the terms "include" and "comprise" only indicate the inclusion of the steps and elements that have been clearly identified, and these steps and elements do not constitute an exclusive list. The method or device may also include other steps or elements. An element defined by the statement "including one..." does not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, commodity, or device that includes the element.

[0076] In the description of this application, unless otherwise clearly defined, words such as "set", "installed", "connected", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. Those skilled in the relevant technical field can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above words in this application in combination with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0077] In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner. The key point of each embodiment is to illustrate the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts among the embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0078] In this text, specific examples are used to elaborate on the principle and implementation mode of the present utility model. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of the present utility model. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art of this technology, without departing from the principle of the present utility model, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present utility model, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A heat exchange device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a heat exchanger tube side (100) for circulating a first medium and a heat exchanger shell side (200) for circulating a second medium, wherein the temperature of the first medium is higher than the temperature of the second medium; The heat exchanger tube side (100) comprises at least a first tube box (110) and a heat exchange tube bundle assembly (120) arranged in an upper and lower manner, wherein the upper end of the first tube box (110) is provided with a first medium inlet (111), and the lower end is communicated with the heat exchange tube bundle assembly (120), and a heat insulation lining layer (116) is provided on the inner wall of the cavity of the first tube box (110); The shell side (200) of the heat exchanger comprises at least a shell side casing (205), wherein the shell side casing (205) at least covers the outside of the heat exchange tube bundle assembly (120), and a second medium inlet and a second medium outlet (201) are provided on the shell side casing (205).

2. The heat exchange device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first pipe box (110) comprises a pipe box shell (112), a ring plate (114) and a pipe box inner tube (115); The outer ring of the ring plate (114) is connected to the lower end of the pipe box shell (112), the inner ring of the ring plate (114) is connected to the upper end of the pipe box inner tube (115), and the inner walls of the pipe box shell (112) and the pipe box inner tube (115) are both provided with the thermal insulation lining layer (116); The shell side casing (205) extends to the ring plate (114), is located outside the tube box inner tube (115), and has a heat exchange space between the shell side casing (205) and the tube box inner tube (115).

3. The heat exchange device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second medium outlet (201) is disposed at the upper end of the shell-side casing (205) and is connected to the heat exchange space between the shell-side casing (205) and the tube box inner tube (115).

4. The heat exchange device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heat exchange tube bundle assembly (120) comprises a first tube sheet (121), heat exchange tubes (122) and a second tube sheet (124); The heat exchange tubes (122) are arranged in a plurality in an array, and two ends of the heat exchange tubes (122) are respectively fixed to the first tube sheet (121) and the second tube sheet (124); the first tube sheet (121) is fixed to the lower end of the tube box inner tube (115) and blocks the lower end of the tube box inner tube (115); The heat exchanger tube side (100) further comprises a second tube box (130), wherein the second tube box (130) is connected to the lower side of the second tube sheet (124), and a first medium outlet (132) is provided at the lower end of the second tube box (130), and the second tube box (130) is a conical structure with a flow area gradually decreasing from top to bottom.

5. The heat exchange device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second medium inlet comprises a second medium lower inlet (207) and a second medium upper inlet (202), wherein the second medium lower inlet (207) is arranged at the lower end of the shell-side casing (205), and the second medium upper inlet (202) is arranged at the upper end of the shell-side casing (205) and is located at the lower side of the first tube sheet (121); and / or, A reinforcing rib (1151) is provided at the connection between the tube box inner tube (115) and the first tube sheet (121).

6. The heat exchange device according to claim 5, characterized in that: An inner spray pipe (203) is provided in the shell side casing (205), and the second medium upper inlet (202) is connected to the inner spray pipe (203).

7. The heat exchange device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer ring at the lower end of the shell-side casing (205) is provided with a jacketed outer draft tube (206); the portion of the shell-side casing (205) located inside the jacketed outer draft tube (206) is provided with a plurality of evenly arranged second medium inlet holes; the second medium lower inlet (207) is communicated with the jacketed outer draft tube (206).

8. The heat exchange device according to claim 4, characterized in that: One end of the heat exchange tube (122) passes through the first tube sheet (121); a tube sheet insulation layer is provided on the side of the first tube sheet (121) facing the tube box inner tube (115); a connecting hole connected to the heat exchange tube (122) is opened in the tube sheet insulation layer; a heat protection structure is embedded in the connecting hole.

9. The heat exchange device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The heat protection structure comprises a stainless steel sleeve (1221) and a ceramic sleeve (1222); the ceramic sleeve (1222) is sleeved on the outside of the stainless steel sleeve (1221); and the ceramic sleeve (1222) and the stainless steel sleeve (1221) are fixed by ceramic fiber paper (1223).

10. The heat exchange device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The outer wall of the shell side casing (205) is provided with a rigid ring support (204) for providing a support base for the heat exchange device; and / or, The first pipe box (110) is provided with a manhole (113); and / or, The heat exchange tube bundle assembly (120) has a plurality of baffles (123) along the flow direction of the second medium.

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