Disturbance-free and compression-free sampling device for bottom mud of lakes and reservoirs

Abstract

The utility model provides a disturbance-free and compression-free sampling device for bottom mud in lakes and reservoirs, and belongs to the technical field of sample sampling mechanical equipment. Aiming at the problems that the sectional area of a sample cannot be ensured and the disturbance is large in the conventional sampler, the utility model is provided with an assembled tripod, a lifting assembly, a gravity output assembly, a sampling tube fixer and a sampling tube, and the lifting assembly and the gravity output assembly are arranged on the assembled tripod; the lifting assembly and the gravity output assembly are both connected with the sampling pipe fixator, the sampling pipe is installed at the bottom of the sampling pipe fixator, the lifting assembly pulls the sampling pipe to ascend or descend, and the gravity output assembly downwards presses the sampling pipe to achieve sampling operation. According to the structure, a sample can be lifted to the water surface from the deep part, so that the sample can quickly reach the water surface to separate bottom mud sediments, the purpose of non-disturbance and non-compression sampling is realized, and the whole structure is convenient to disassemble and transport and is beneficial to reuse.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of mechanical equipment for sample collection, in particular to a sampling device for lake and reservoir bottom sediment without disturbance and compression. Background Art

[0002] As an important part of lakes and reservoirs themselves, lake and reservoir sediments are the record carriers of the environmental changes of lakes and reservoirs. The information contained therein has important value for studying the siltation, water quality status, and pollution status of reservoirs. For a long time, due to sedimentation characteristics and pollutant accumulation effects, the components and concentrations of sediments vary at different depths, showing obvious layering and chronological characteristics. The existing research results on the physical, chemical, and biological properties of lake and reservoir sediments show that the lake and reservoir sediments show obvious differences in the vertical direction. Compared with surface sediments, columnar sediment analysis can obtain more valuable research information.

[0003] However, since the sampling point is at the bottom of the lake or reservoir and the bottom mud composition is relatively complex, sampling personnel can only control the sampling through water operation. It is very difficult to ensure the thickness, layered structure, and fixed sampling area of the bed mud during the mixing of mud and water. Therefore, bottom mud samplers generally require simple and quick sampling, and try to maintain the thickness and layered structure of the bottom mud during the sampling process. This requires minimizing the disturbance and compression of the sample during the sampling operation to ensure the accuracy of subsequent sample research and analysis.

[0004] Existing publicly disclosed sampling devices, such as a Chinese patent with the patent number CN103234777B and the name of columnar shallow bottom mud sampler, are composed of a bottom mud sampling device and a bottom mud sample truncation and encapsulation device therein. This sampler is labor-saving, convenient, and efficient in sampling, and the obtained samples are complete. However, during the actual operation, the serrated sampling port and truncation device in the sampling process are prone to deformation, and a fixed sample cross-sectional area cannot be guaranteed when obtaining samples, and it will also cause greater disturbance to the bottom mud, which is not conducive to the accuracy of subsequent calculations.

[0005] In view of this, in order to obtain high-quality lake and reservoir columnar sediments, it is of great significance to develop a sampling device that is convenient to carry, low-cost, and minimizes the disturbance and compression of the bottom mud during the sampling process for accurately analyzing environmental changes, environmental pollution mechanisms, and seeking effective environmental protection measures. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Aiming at the deficiencies existing in the above-mentioned existing technologies, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a sampling device for lake and reservoir bottom sediment without disturbance and compression. By lowering the sampling tube through the lifting component in cooperation with the gravity output component, and at the same time, making close cooperation between the atmospheric pressure effect during the falling and lifting processes of the sampling tube and the V-shaped sealing ring, the quality of the collected sample is ensured, and the problems of less collected samples, disturbance, and compression during sampling by existing equipment are effectively solved.

[0007] The present utility model realizes the above technical purpose through the following technical solutions:

[0008] A non-disturbing and non-compressive sampling device for lake and reservoir bottom mud, comprising an assembled tripod, a lifting assembly, a gravity output assembly, a sampling tube holder and a sampling tube. The lifting assembly and the gravity output assembly are both arranged on the assembled tripod, and both the lifting assembly and the gravity output assembly are connected to the sampling tube holder. The sampling tube is installed at the bottom of the sampling tube holder. The sampling tube is lifted or lowered by the traction of the lifting assembly, and the sampling operation is realized by pressing down the sampling tube through the gravity output assembly.

[0009] Further preferably, the assembled tripod includes a top combiner, a first leg, a second leg and a third leg. The tops of the first leg, the second leg and the third leg are all connected to the top combiner. The lifting assembly is arranged on the first leg, and the gravity output assembly is arranged on the second leg.

[0010] Preferably, movable claws are connected to the bottoms of the first leg, the second leg and the third leg.

[0011] As a further preferred solution of the above solution: The lifting assembly includes a manual winch I, a fiber rope I, a pulley I and a top guide pulley. The manual winch I is fixedly installed on the lower leg of the first leg, the pulley I is fixedly installed on the upper leg of the first leg, the top guide pulley is installed on the top combiner, and the fiber rope I passes around the pulley I and the top guide pulley and is connected to the sampling tube holder.

[0012] As a further preferred solution of the above solution: The gravity output assembly includes a manual winch II, a fiber rope II, a pulley II and a counterweight. The manual winch II is fixedly installed on the lower leg of the second leg, the pulley II is fixedly installed on the upper leg of the second leg, the counterweight is sleeved on the sampling tube holder, and the fiber rope II passes around the pulley II and is connected to the counterweight.

[0013] As a further preferred solution of the above solution: The sampling tube holder includes a fixed disk group, a sealing ring and a traction rod. The sealing ring is arranged inside the fixed disk group, the traction rod is fixedly installed on the fixed disk group, the end of the fiber rope I is connected to the traction rod, the counterweight is slidably sleeved on the traction rod, and the sampling tube is fixedly installed at the bottom of the fixed disk group.

[0014] Preferably, the fixed disk group includes a fixed upper disk, a fixed middle disk and a fixed lower disk which are connected in sequence from top to bottom, and the traction rod passes through the fixed upper disk and is coaxially arranged with it.

[0015] Preferably, the sealing ring is arranged between the fixed middle disk and the fixed lower disk.

[0016] As a further preferred solution to the above scheme: a top cover and a central rod are provided at the top of the sampling tube. The bottom of the central rod is fixedly connected to the top cover, and the top of the central rod movably passes through the lower end of the towing rod.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows:

[0018] 1. By providing an assembled tripod and connecting the sampling tube holder and the sampling tube to the center of the assembled tripod, the effect of vertically delivering the sampling position longitudinally is achieved. Sampling can be carried out at a depth of 100 meters underwater, which is convenient for sampling operations. Moreover, the overall structure is easy to disassemble and transport, which is conducive to repeated use at different sampling locations.

[0019] 2. By providing a lifting assembly, the sampling tube is stably lowered and lifted by using a manual winch I in cooperation with a fiber rope I, a pulley I and a top guide pulley, and the sample is taken out from the deep part and transported to the water surface, ensuring that the sample quickly reaches the water surface for separation of bottom sediment.

[0020] 3. By providing a top cover on the sample tube, during the falling process of the sampling tube, the air pressure inside the sampling tube pushes the top cover and the central rod to move upward, and the gas and water flow inside the sampling tube are discharged through the nozzle of the sampling tube. When the sampling tube is lifted, a negative pressure is formed inside the sampling tube due to the decrease in air pressure. The top cover forms a sealed fit with the sampling tube, making the inside of the sampling tube in a vacuum negative pressure state, sucking the bottom sediment sample into the inside of the sampling tube, and the interface between water and mud of the bottom sediment sample in the sampling tube is clear, achieving the sampling effect of no disturbance and no compression. Description of the Drawings

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a device for non-disturbing and non-compressing sampling of bottom sediment in lakes and reservoirs according to the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 It is another perspective schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a partial enlarged view of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sampling tube holder of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 5 It is an internal sectional view of the sampling tube holder of the present utility model;

[0027] In the figure: 1 - assembled tripod; 11 - first leg; 12 - second leg; 13 - third leg; 14 - top combiner; 15 - movable ground claw; 16 - ladder; 2 - lifting assembly; 21 - first manual winch; 22 - first fiber rope; 23 - first pulley; 24 - top guide pulley; 3 - gravity output assembly; 31 - second manual winch; 32 - second fiber rope; 33 - second pulley; 34 - counterweight; 4 - sampling tube holder; 41 - fixed disk group; 411 - upper fixed disk; 412 - middle fixed disk; 413 - lower fixed disk; 42 - sealing ring; 43 - traction rod; 5 - sampling tube; 6 - top cover; 61 - V-shaped sealing ring; 62 - upper cover; 7 - central rod; 8 - fixing bolt; 9 - aluminum connecting rod. Detailed implementation manner

[0028] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model clearer and more understandable, the present utility model will be further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments and the accompanying drawings. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present utility model are only used to explain the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model.

[0029] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present utility model. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0030] Embodiment:

[0031] Referring to Figures 1-5 , the present utility model provides a non-disturbing and non-compressive sampling device for lake and reservoir bottom mud, including an assembled tripod 1, a lifting assembly 2, a gravity output assembly 3, a sampling tube holder 4 and a sampling tube 5. The lifting assembly 2 and the gravity output assembly 3 are both arranged on the assembled tripod 1, and both the lifting assembly 2 and the gravity output assembly 3 are connected to the sampling tube holder 4. The sampling tube 5 is installed at the bottom of the sampling tube holder 4. The sampling tube 5 is lifted or lowered by the traction of the lifting assembly 2, and the sampling operation is realized by pressing down the sampling tube 5 through the gravity output assembly 3.

[0032] In this embodiment, the assembled tripod 1 includes a first leg 11, a second leg 12, a third leg 13 and a top combiner 14, as Figure 2As shown in the figure, movable ground claws 15 are connected to the bottoms of outrigger one 11, outrigger two 12, and outrigger three 13. The tops of outrigger one 11, outrigger two 12, and outrigger three 13 are all connected to the top combiner 14. The lifting assembly 2 is arranged on outrigger one 11, the gravity output assembly 3 is arranged on outrigger two 12, and ladders 16 are evenly spaced on outrigger three 13. Specifically, outrigger one 11, outrigger two 12, and outrigger three 13 respectively include an upper outrigger with a length of 2.0 meters and a lower outrigger with a length of 2.0 meters. Each upper outrigger and each lower outrigger are fixedly connected by M12 bolts. The movable ground claw 15 is fixedly connected to the lower outrigger by M12 bolts. Each upper outrigger is connected to the top combiner 14. The opening angle of the assembled tripod 1 is adjusted by the cooperation of the upper outrigger and the top combiner 14.

[0033] As Figures 2-3 shown in the figure, the lifting assembly 2 includes a manual winch one 21, a fiber rope one 22, a pulley one 23, and a top guide pulley 24. The manual winch one 21 is fixedly installed on the lower outrigger of outrigger one 11. The pulley one 23 is fixedly installed on the upper outrigger of outrigger one 11. The top guide pulley 24 is fixedly installed on the top combiner 14. The fiber rope one 22 is wound around the manual winch one 21. After the free end of the fiber rope one 22 bypasses the pulley one 23 and the top guide pulley 24, its end is connected to the sampling tube holder 4. Specifically, the fiber rope one 22 is made of 10mm thick Dyneema high-strength polyethylene material.

[0034] As Figures 2-3 shown in the figure, the gravity output assembly 3 includes a manual winch two 31, a fiber rope two 32, a pulley two 33, and a counterweight 34. The manual winch two 31 is fixedly installed on the lower outrigger of outrigger two 12. The pulley two 33 is fixedly installed on the upper outrigger of outrigger two 12. The counterweight 34 is movably sleeved on the sampling tube holder 4. The fiber rope two 32 is wound around the manual winch two 31. After the free end of the fiber rope two 32 bypasses the pulley two 33, its end is connected to the counterweight 34. Specifically, the fiber rope two 32 is made of 8mm thick Dyneema high-strength polyethylene material.

[0035] Refer to Figures 4-5, the sampling tube holder 4 includes a fixed disk group 41, a sealing ring 42, and a traction rod 43. The sealing ring 42 is arranged within the fixed disk group 41. The sampling tube 5 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the fixed disk group 41. The traction rod 43 is fixedly installed on the fixed disk group 41. A round hole is opened at the top of the traction rod 43. The end of the first fiber rope 22 is connected to the round hole on the traction rod 43 to achieve the pulling effect on the first fiber rope 22. The counterweight 34 is slidably sleeved on the traction rod 43. At least one connecting ring is arranged on the counterweight 34. In this embodiment, there are two connecting rings in total and they are symmetrically distributed on the top of the counterweight 34. The end of the second fiber rope 32 is connected to one of the connecting rings to exert a traction effect on the counterweight 34. During the actual operation process, a pulling rope can be tied to the other connecting ring. The pulling rope is made of the same material as the first fiber rope 22 and the second fiber rope 32, so that on-site operators can use the second fiber rope 32 and the pulling rope to lift the counterweight 34 upward synchronously.

[0036] More specifically, the fixed disk group 41 includes a fixed upper disk 411, a fixed middle disk 412, and a fixed lower disk 413. The fixed upper disk 411, the fixed middle disk 412, and the fixed lower disk 413 are connected by screw and bolt fasteners 8. Among them, an aluminum connecting rod 9 is arranged in contact between the fixed upper disk 411 and the fixed middle disk 412. The fixed upper disk 411 and the fixed middle disk 412 are spaced apart by the aluminum connecting rod 9. The reserved space between them plays an exhaust role when the sampling tube 5 falls. The traction rod 43 passes through the fixed upper disk 411 and is coaxially fixed at the center of the fixed upper disk 411. Installation holes are provided at the centers of the fixed middle disk 412 and the fixed lower disk 413. The installation holes are adapted to the outer diameter of the sampling tube 5. The sealing ring 42 is installed between the fixed middle disk 412 and the fixed lower disk 413, and the sealing ring 42 is in contact with the outer wall of the sampling tube 5. By tightening the screw and bolt fasteners 8, the fixed lower disk 413 and the fixed middle disk 412 jointly squeeze the sealing ring 42, thereby increasing the contact area with the sampling tube 5 to achieve the purpose of clamping and fixing the sampling tube 5.

[0037] As Figure 4 shown, a top cover 6 and a central rod 7 are arranged at the top of the sampling tube 5. The bottom of the central rod 7 is fixedly connected to the top cover 6. The top of the central rod 7 movably passes through the lower end of the traction rod 43. Further, the top cover 6 includes a V-shaped sealing ring 61 and an upper cover 62. The V-shaped sealing ring 61 is fixedly embedded at the bottom of the upper cover 62. The upper cover 62 is made of acrylic material. The V-shaped sealing ring 61 is made of rubber material. The central rod 7 is fixedly connected to the top of the upper cover 62.

[0038] Application case:

[0039] A device for non-disturbing and non-compressing sampling of lake and reservoir bottom sediment. When specifically used:

[0040] First, use a depth sounder to measure the approximate depth of the lake or reservoir to be measured, and move the device of the present utility model to the location to be measured;

[0041] Then, the staff installs the sampling tube 5 at the installation holes of the fixed middle plate 412 and the fixed lower plate 413. After installation, adjust the screw bolt fixing member 8 so that the fixed middle plate 412 and the fixed lower plate 413 tightly squeeze the sealing ring 42 to realize the clamping and fixing of the sampling tube 5;

[0042] Next, rotate the manual winch 21. By releasing the fiber rope 22, the traction rod 43 connected to its end slowly descends, and simultaneously push the sampling tube 5 installed below the fixed disk group 41 to slowly sink into the water. At this time, the fiber rope 32 is released synchronously during the falling process of the sampling tube 5;

[0043] After reaching the predetermined depth, the staff lifts the counterweight 34 through the fiber rope 32. After lifting within the height range of the traction rod 43, let the counterweight 34 fall naturally. Use the self-gravity of the counterweight 34 to act on the fixed upper plate 411 to make the sampling tube 5 descend stably. During the descent of the sampling tube 5, the gas inside it will push the top sealing cover 6 and the central rod 7 upward, so that the gas and water flow in the sampling tube 5 are discharged through the pipe orifice, effectively reducing the disturbance and compression of the collected sample. Lift the counterweight 34 several times to stop the sampling tube 5 after it reaches the predetermined sampling depth;

[0044] Finally, rotate the manual winch 21 to lift the sampling tube 5 upward through the fiber rope 22. During this process, the top sealing cover 6 and the central rod 7 are re-sealed at the orifice of the sampling tube 5 under the action of water pressure, and the air pressure inside the sampling tube 5 decreases. Under the action of negative pressure, the collected sample is locked in the sampling tube 5. After sampling, remove the sampling tube 5, cover the sealing cover and then transport the sample.

[0045] The above specific implementation manners further elaborate on the purpose, technical solution and beneficial effects of the present utility model. It should be understood that the above is only the specific implementation manner of the present utility model and is not used to limit the protection scope of the present utility model. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A non-disturbance and non-compression sampling device for lake and reservoir sediment, characterized in that: The device comprises an assembled tripod (1), a lifting component (2), a gravity output component (3), a sampling tube holder (4) and a sampling tube (5); the lifting component (2) and the gravity output component (3) are both arranged on the assembled tripod (1), and the lifting component (2) and the gravity output component (3) are both connected to the sampling tube holder (4); the sampling tube (5) is installed at the bottom of the sampling tube holder (4); the lifting component (2) pulls the sampling tube (5) to be lifted or lowered, and the gravity output component (3) presses the sampling tube (5) downward to achieve a sampling operation.

2. The non-disturbance and non-compression sampling device for lake and reservoir sediment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The assembled tripod (1) comprises a first leg (11), a second leg (12), a third leg (13) and a top assembly (14); the tops of the first leg (11), the second leg (12) and the third leg (13) are all connected to the top assembly (14); the lifting assembly (2) is arranged on the first leg (11); and the gravity output assembly (3) is arranged on the second leg (12).

3. The non-disturbance and non-compression sampling device for lake and reservoir sediment according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The bottoms of the first leg (11), the second leg (12) and the third leg (13) are all connected to a movable ground claw (15).

4. The non-disturbance and non-compression sampling device for lake and reservoir sediment according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The lifting assembly (2) comprises a manual winch (21), a fiber rope (22), a pulley (23) and a top guide pulley (24); the manual winch (21) is fixedly mounted on the lower leg of the leg (11); the pulley (23) is fixedly mounted on the upper leg of the leg (11); the top guide pulley (24) is mounted on the top combiner (14); the fiber rope (22) is wound around the pulley (23) and the top guide pulley (24) and is connected to the sampling tube holder (4).

5. The non-disturbance and non-compression sampling device for lake and reservoir sediment according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The gravity output assembly (3) comprises a second manual winch (31), a second fiber rope (32), a second pulley (33) and a counterweight (34); the second manual winch (31) is fixedly mounted on the lower leg of the second leg (12); the second pulley (33) is fixedly mounted on the upper leg of the second leg (12); the counterweight (34) is sleeved on the sampling tube holder (4); and the second fiber rope (32) is wound around the second pulley (33) and connected to the counterweight (34).

6. The non-disturbance and non-compression sampling device for lake and reservoir sediment according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The sampling tube holder (4) comprises a fixed disc assembly (41), a sealing ring (42) and a traction rod (43), wherein the sealing ring (42) is arranged in the fixed disc assembly (41), the traction rod (43) is fixedly mounted on the fixed disc assembly (41), the end of the fiber rope 1 (22) is connected to the traction rod (43), the counterweight (34) is slidably mounted on the traction rod (43), and the sampling tube (5) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the fixed disc assembly (41).

7. The non-disturbance and non-compression sampling device for lake and reservoir sediment according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The fixed disc assembly (41) comprises a fixed upper disc (411), a fixed middle disc (412) and a fixed lower disc (413) which are sequentially connected from top to bottom, and the traction rod (43) is passed through the fixed upper disc (411) and is coaxially arranged therewith.

8. The non-disturbance and non-compression sampling device for lake and reservoir sediment according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The sealing ring (42) is arranged between the fixed middle plate (412) and the fixed lower plate (413).

9. The non-disturbance and non-compression sampling device for lake and reservoir sediment according to claim 8 is characterized in that: A top cover (6) and a center rod (7) are arranged on the top of the sampling tube (5); the bottom of the center rod (7) is fixedly connected to the top cover (6); and the top of the center rod (7) is movably inserted into the lower end of the traction rod (43).

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