Frozen soil melting compression tester
By designing a permafrost thawing compression tester, we simulate the permafrost thawing environment, solving the problems of complex and large errors in the existing permafrost thawing compression test, and achieving high-precision and efficient acquisition of experimental data.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421770693.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-25
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-30
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-07-25
AI Technical Summary
The existing permafrost thaw compression tests mainly rely on static experiments, which are complex and prone to errors, and cannot simulate the melting environment, resulting in errors in the experimental structure.
A permafrost thawing compression tester is designed, including an operating table, control cabinet, heating pressure transfer plate, insulation jacket, displacement meter and constant mechanism, to simulate the melting environment and reduce human operation errors through automated control and data analysis.
It has achieved the reduction of human operation errors, improved experimental accuracy and efficiency, simulated a real melting environment, provided reliable experimental data, and enhanced the reliability and practicality of research results.
Smart Images
Figure CN222926547U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the field of geological science, in particular to a frozen soil thawing and compression tester. Background Technique
[0002] Frozen soil refers to soil or sediment that has been continuously frozen for more than two years in its natural state. It is widely distributed in the polar regions, high mountains, and high-latitude regions of the earth, especially within the Arctic Circle in the Northern Hemisphere, Antarctica in the Southern Hemisphere, and high-altitude regions of Asia. The formation of frozen soil is due to extremely cold climate conditions, which cause the water in the soil or sediment to not completely evaporate, but freeze and remain in a frozen state.
[0003] In the prior art, the frozen soil thawing and compression test mainly relies on static experiments carried out in an artificial laboratory environment. When calculating and analyzing the mechanical properties of frozen soil during the thawing process, it is often relatively complex and prone to errors. Secondly, the melting environment cannot be simulated, resulting in errors in the experimental results.
[0004] In view of the above problems, a frozen soil thawing and compression tester is proposed to solve the above problems. Content of the Utility Model
[0005] In order to make up for the above deficiencies, the utility model provides a frozen soil thawing and compression tester, aiming to improve the problems in the prior art that the frozen soil thawing and compression test mainly relies on static experiments carried out in an artificial laboratory environment. When calculating and analyzing the mechanical properties of frozen soil during the thawing process, it is often relatively complex and prone to errors. Secondly, the melting environment cannot be simulated, resulting in errors in the experimental results.
[0006] To achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions: A frozen soil thawing and compression tester, comprising an operating table, on the top of which a plurality of testers are fixedly connected, a control cabinet is fixedly connected to the right side of the operating table, a water flowmeter is arranged on the upper part of the front side of the control cabinet, an air flowmeter is arranged on the upper part of the front side of the control cabinet, a water level gauge is arranged on the lower part of the front side of the control cabinet, a computer is arranged in the control cabinet, a reaction frame is fixedly connected to the top of the tester, a displacement gauge is arranged on the front side of the reaction frame, a tightening screw is threadedly connected inside the reaction frame, a heating transfer plate is arranged at the bottom end of the tightening screw, a heat preservation jacket is arranged at the bottom of the heating transfer plate, a specimen is arranged at the bottom of the heat preservation jacket, a pressure plate is arranged at the bottom of the specimen, an upper water permeable plate is arranged inside the heating transfer plate, a guide ring is arranged inside the heat preservation jacket, a specimen ring is arranged at the top of the guide ring, a filter paper is arranged at the top of the specimen, a specimen base is arranged at the bottom of the specimen, a lower water permeable plate is arranged outside the specimen base, a pressure plate is arranged at the bottom of the specimen base, a pneumatic pressure device is arranged inside the pressure plate, and a constant mechanism is arranged inside the control cabinet for controlling the experimental environment.
[0007] As a further description of the above technical solution:
[0008] The constant mechanism includes a constant temperature water tank, a constant pressure water storage tank and a constant pressure gas storage tank. One side of the constant temperature water tank is arranged on the inner wall of the control cabinet, one side of the constant pressure gas storage tank is arranged on the left side of the inner wall of the control cabinet, and the constant pressure water storage tank is arranged at the rear side inside the control cabinet.
[0009] As a further description of the above technical solution:
[0010] A plurality of water containers are arranged on the top of the tester.
[0011] As a further description of the above technical solution:
[0012] The bottom of the pressure plate is arranged on the top of the tester.
[0013] As a further description of the above technical solution:
[0014] A dust cover is fixedly connected to the upper right side of the top of the control cabinet, and a control panel is arranged on the upper left side of the top of the control cabinet.
[0015] As a further description of the above technical solution:
[0016] A control panel is arranged on the top of the control cabinet, and a plurality of control buttons are arranged on the upper part of the control panel.
[0017] As a further description of the above technical solution:
[0018] A constant-pressure water pump is provided on the inner wall of the control cabinet.
[0019] As a further description of the above technical solution:
[0020] A plurality of water inlet and outlet ports are provided on the top of the heating transfer plate, and a drain port is provided inside the heat preservation jacket.
[0021] The utility model has the following beneficial effects:
[0022] 1. In the utility model, by placing the specimen in the melting and compressing container, simulating the melting environment with the heating transfer plate and the heat preservation jacket, monitoring the specimen deformation with a displacement gauge, and automatically recording the deformation amount by a computer program until it is stable. Subsequently, the hot water circulation is stopped, and the load is applied to conduct the compression test. The step-by-step loading method is adopted, and the compression amount is observed 24 hours after each loading until it reaches the stable state. After the experiment, quickly clean and measure the moisture content of the specimen, input the parameters into the control system, and automatically calculate the test results, realizing the reduction of human operation errors, improving the accuracy and efficiency of the experiment, simulating the melting environment at the same time, providing experimental data under real conditions, and enhancing the reliability and practicality of the research results.
[0023] 2. In the utility model, through the constant-pressure valve and the overpressure unloading valve equipped with the constant-pressure gas storage tank, and the temperature control of the constant-temperature water tank, the safety during the experiment is ensured, and the damage caused by equipment overload or overheating is avoided. Description of the Drawings
[0024] Figure 1 Is a three-dimensional view of a frozen soil melting and compression tester proposed by the utility model;
[0025] Figure 2 Is a structural schematic diagram of the dust cover of a frozen soil melting and compression tester proposed by the utility model;
[0026] Figure 3 Is a structural schematic diagram of the heating transfer plate of a frozen soil melting and compression tester proposed by the utility model;
[0027] Figure 4 Is a positive sectional view of the specimen ring of a frozen soil melting and compression tester proposed by the utility model;
[0028] Figure 5 Is a top sectional view of the control cabinet of a frozen soil melting and compression tester proposed by the utility model.
[0029] Legend Explanation:
[0030] 1. Testing instrument; 2. Control cabinet; 3. Operating platform; 4. Water flowmeter; 5. Air flowmeter; 6. Reaction frame; 7. Computer; 8. Water level gauge; 9. Dust cover; 10. Control panel; 11. Tightening screw; 12. Displacement gauge; 13. Water inlet and outlet; 14. Heating transfer plate; 15. Thermal insulation jacket; 16. Drain port; 17. Pressing plate; 18. Water container; 19. Upper permeable plate; 20. Guide ring; 21. Specimen ring; 22. Specimen; 23. Filter paper; 24. Lower permeable plate; 25. Specimen base; 26. Pressing disc; 27. Pneumatic pressing device; 28. Constant pressure water pump; 29. Constant pressure water storage tank; 30. Constant pressure gas storage tank; 31. Constant temperature water tank. Detailed implementation manners
[0031] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
[0032] Refer to Figure 1 - Figure 5 , an embodiment provided by the present invention: a frozen soil thawing compression testing instrument, including an operating platform 3, on which a plurality of testing instruments 1 are fixedly connected at the top, a control cabinet 2 is fixedly connected to the right side of the operating platform 3, a water flowmeter 4 is arranged at the upper part of the front side of the control cabinet 2, an air flowmeter 5 is arranged at the upper part of the front side of the control cabinet 2, a water level gauge 8 is arranged at the lower part of the front side of the control cabinet 2, a computer 7 is arranged in the control cabinet 2, a reaction frame 6 is fixedly connected to the top of the testing instrument 1, a displacement gauge 12 is arranged at the front side of the reaction frame 6, a tightening screw 11 is threadedly connected inside the reaction frame 6, a heating transfer plate 14 is arranged at the bottom end of the tightening screw 11, a thermal insulation jacket 15 is arranged at the bottom of the heating transfer plate 14, a specimen 22 is arranged at the bottom of the thermal insulation jacket 15, a pressing plate 17 is arranged at the bottom of the specimen 22, an upper permeable plate 19 is arranged inside the heating transfer plate 14, a guide ring 20 is arranged inside the thermal insulation jacket 15, a specimen ring 21 is arranged at the top of the guide ring 20, a filter paper 23 is arranged at the top of the specimen 22, a specimen base 25 is arranged at the bottom of the specimen 22, a lower permeable plate 24 is arranged outside the specimen base 25, a pressing disc 26 is arranged at the bottom of the specimen base 25, a pneumatic pressing device 27 is arranged inside the pressing disc 26, and a constant mechanism is arranged inside the control cabinet 2 for controlling the experimental environment.
[0033] Specifically, in the front side of the control cabinet 2, the water flowmeter 4 and the air flowmeter 5 respectively monitor and control the input amounts of water and air during the experiment, ensuring the consistency and controllability of the experimental conditions. The water level gauge 8 monitors the water level changes in real time, which helps to maintain the stability of the experimental environment. The computer 7 serves as the control center, realizing the automatic control and data analysis of the entire system through programs. A reaction frame 6 is connected to the top of the tester 1, and a displacement gauge 12 is arranged on the reaction frame 6 to measure the deformation of the specimen 22, which is a key index for evaluating the compression performance of frozen soil. The tightening screw 11 inside the reaction frame 6 transmits pressure to the specimen 22 through the heating transfer plate 14. A heat preservation jacket 15 is covered under the heating transfer plate 14 to reduce heat loss and maintain the temperature stability during the experiment. The heating transfer plate 14 is in direct contact with the specimen 22 to ensure uniform pressure distribution. A guide ring 20 is also arranged inside the heat preservation jacket 15 to guide the flow of water or air, ensuring the uniformity of the environment around the specimen 22. The specimen 22 is placed between the heating transfer plate 14 and the guide ring 20, with a filter paper 23 covering the top and a specimen base 25 at the bottom. Below the specimen base 25 is a lower water permeable plate 24, which is used in cooperation with the pressure plate 26. A pneumatic pressure application device 27 is installed inside the pressure plate 26, applying pressure in a pneumatic manner to compress the specimen 22.
[0034] Refer to Figure 2 , the constant mechanism includes a constant temperature water tank 31, a constant pressure water storage tank 29 and a constant pressure gas storage tank 30. One side of the constant temperature water tank 31 is arranged on the inner wall of the control cabinet 2, one side of the constant pressure gas storage tank 30 is arranged on the left side of the inner wall of the control cabinet 2, and the constant pressure water storage tank 29 is arranged at the rear side inside the control cabinet 2.
[0035] Specifically, the constant temperature water tank 31 is located on one side of the inner wall of the control cabinet 2, and its main function is to provide a water source with a constant temperature during the experiment. By precisely controlling the water temperature, the thawing process of frozen soil under different temperature conditions can be simulated, and then the physical and mechanical properties of frozen soil at different temperatures can be studied. The water in the constant temperature water tank 31 is connected to the heating or cooling device through a circulation system to maintain the constant water temperature and ensure the accuracy and consistency of the experimental results. The constant pressure water storage tank 29 is arranged at the rear side inside the control cabinet 2, and its function is to provide a stable water pressure source. In the frozen soil thawing compression test, the injection and discharge of water need to maintain a certain pressure to ensure uniform and controllable pressure application to the specimen 22. The constant pressure water storage tank 29 ensures the stability of the water pressure during the experiment through the internal pressure regulation system, avoiding experimental data errors caused by pressure fluctuations. The constant pressure gas storage tank 30 is located on the left side of the inner wall of the control cabinet 2, and its main function is to provide a stable air pressure source. In some frozen soil thawing compression tests, it may be necessary to assist in applying or adjusting the pressure on the specimen 22 through air pressure. The constant pressure gas storage tank 30 ensures the constancy of the air pressure through the pressure control system, which is crucial for maintaining the controllability and accuracy of the experiment.
[0036] Refer toFigure 1 - Figure 5 , there are multiple water storage containers 18 provided at the top of the tester 1. The bottom of the pressure plate 26 is arranged at the top of the tester 1. A dust cover 9 is fixedly connected to the right side of the top of the control cabinet 2. A control panel 10 is arranged on the left side of the top of the control cabinet 2. A control panel 10 is arranged on the top of the control cabinet 2. There are multiple control buttons arranged on the upper part of the control panel 10. A constant pressure water pump 28 is arranged on the inner wall of the control cabinet 2. There are multiple water inlet and outlet ports 13 arranged on the top of the heating and heat transfer plate 14. A drain port 16 is arranged inside the heat preservation jacket 15.
[0037] Specifically, there are multiple water storage containers 18 provided at the top of the tester 1. These containers are mainly used to store and supply the water required for the experiment for the bottom of the pressure plate 26 to realize the pressurization and wetting process of the specimen 22 and ensure the normal progress of the experiment. The bottom of the pressure plate 26 is arranged at the top of the tester 1. As the main component for applying pressure, it cooperates with the heating and heat transfer plate 14 to realize precise pressure control of the specimen 22 through the pneumatic pressurization device 27. The positioning and pressure application of the pressure plate 26 are crucial steps in the whole test process. The dust cover 9 fixedly connected to the right side of the top of the control cabinet 2 plays a role in protecting the electronic components inside the control cabinet 2, preventing dust and impurities from entering and ensuring the normal operation of the equipment. There are multiple control buttons on the upper part of the control panel 10 arranged on the left side of the top. These buttons are usually used to start and stop the experiment and adjust experimental parameters such as temperature and pressure, enabling the operator to conveniently control the whole experimental process. The constant pressure water pump 28 arranged on the inner wall of the control cabinet 2 is the core of the water supply system, responsible for transporting water from the water storage container to the heating and heat transfer plate 14 and the pressure plate 26 and controlling the flow of water through the buttons on the control panel 10 to realize the constancy of water pressure and ensure the stable water supply during the experimental process. The multiple water inlet and outlet ports 13 arranged on the top of the heating and heat transfer plate 14 and the drain port 16 arranged inside the heat preservation jacket 15 together constitute a part of the water circulation system. The water inlet receives the water provided by the constant pressure water pump 28, passes through the heating and heat transfer plate 14, and then discharges the treated water through the drain port 16 to form a closed-loop water circulation, ensuring the stable water temperature during the heating process and effectively controlling the heat transfer efficiency.
[0038] Working principle: Connect an external air source to the constant-pressure gas storage tank 30. A constant-pressure valve and a pressure protection device are provided on the constant-pressure gas storage tank 30. The constant-pressure valve is used to control the air pressure in the constant-pressure gas storage tank 30 to always remain within the range suitable for the test. In addition, an overpressure unloading valve is installed on the constant-pressure gas storage tank 30 to protect the safety of the gas storage tank. Add enough water for the test to the constant-temperature water tank. There is an electric heating device in the water tank to heat the water in the water tank and control the water temperature. Connect the power supply, turn on the power switch, start the program control software on the computer 7, set the temperature of the test water, and automatically control the water in the constant-temperature water tank 31 to always maintain the temperature required for the test; set the pressure index of the constant-pressure water storage tank 29 to make it within the range meeting the test requirements. Start the program control software on the computer 7, set the pressure of the test air source, and control the air pressure in the constant-pressure gas storage tank 30 to always remain in a state meeting the test requirements. Prepare the specimen 22 according to the test requirements and place the specimen 22 as required by the test method. First, place the permeable plate 24 in the melting and compression container, and place a wet filter paper 23 on it. Place the specimen ring 21 containing the specimen 22 on the filter paper 23 and put on the guide ring 20. Place a filter paper 23 and the upper permeable plate 19 on the specimen 22, and then place the heating transfer plate 14. Then install the heat preservation jacket 15. Place the melting and compression container in the center of the loading reaction frame 6. Install the displacement gauge 12. Rotate the tightening screw 11 until it slightly touches the upper heating transfer plate 14. Adjust the air flow meter to a flow rate suitable for the test. The flow rate should not be too large, so that the applied pressure can be more accurate. Start the loading control program in the computer 7 to apply a pressure of 1 kPa. Adjust the displacement gauge 12 and zero the sensor on the program control software on the computer 7. Connect the hot water circulation inlet and outlet of the heating transfer plate 14 with a rubber tube, adjust the water flow meter 4 to keep the water flow in a constant state. Start the water supply program on the program control software on the computer 7. When the specimen 22 starts to thaw and subside, the automatic acquisition system on the program control software on the computer 7 starts, and the deformation amounts at 1 min, 2 min, 5 min, 10 min, 30 min, and 60 min are recorded respectively. Then, collect once every 2 h until the deformation amount is less than 0.05 mm within 2 h, and record the last deformation amount. After the thawing and subsidence are stable, the control system will stop the hot water circulation and start the loading for the compression test. The loading level can be freely set according to the actual engineering needs. In the test standard, it is recommended to take 50 kPa, 100 kPa, 200 kPa, 400 kPa, 800 kPa. The last-stage load should be 100 - 200 kPa greater than the calculated pressure of the soil layer.
[0039] After applying each stage of load, 24 h is taken as the stability standard, and the control system will automatically collect and record the corresponding compression amount during the test until the compression of the last-stage load is stable. After the test, quickly disassemble each component of the instrument, take out the specimen 22, measure the moisture content, input the parameters of the specimen, and the control system automatically calculates the test results.
[0040] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not used to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model shall be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A frozen soil thawing compression tester, comprising an operating table (3), characterized in that: A plurality of test instruments (1) are fixedly connected to the top of the operating table (3); a control cabinet (2) is fixedly connected to the right side of the operating table (3); a water flow meter (4) is arranged at the upper front side of the control cabinet (2); an air flow meter (5) is arranged at the upper front side of the control cabinet (2); a water level meter (8) is arranged at the lower front side of the control cabinet (2); a computer (7) is arranged at the control cabinet (2); a reaction frame (6) is fixedly connected to the top of the test instrument (1); a displacement meter (12) is arranged at the front side of the reaction frame (6); a tightening screw (11) is threadedly connected to the inside of the reaction frame (6); a heating pressure transmission plate (14) is arranged at the bottom end of the tightening screw (11); a heat insulation jacket (15) is arranged at the bottom of the heating pressure transmission plate (14); and the heat insulation jacket (15) A sample (22) is arranged at the bottom, a pressure plate (17) is arranged at the bottom of the sample (22), an upper water-permeable plate (19) is arranged inside the heating and pressure-transmitting plate (14), a guide ring (20) is arranged inside the thermal insulation jacket (15), a sample ring (21) is arranged on the top of the guide ring (20), a filter paper (23) is arranged on the top of the sample (22), a sample base (25) is arranged at the bottom of the sample (22), a lower water-permeable plate (24) is arranged on the outside of the sample base (25), a pressure plate (26) is arranged at the bottom of the sample base (25), a pneumatic pressure device (27) is arranged inside the pressure plate (26), and a constant mechanism is arranged inside the control cabinet (2), and the constant mechanism is used to control the experimental environment.
2. A frozen soil thawing compression tester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The constant mechanism comprises a constant temperature water tank (31), a constant pressure water tank (29) and a constant pressure gas tank (30); one side of the constant temperature water tank (31) is arranged on the inner wall of the control cabinet (2); one side of the constant pressure gas tank (30) is arranged on the left side of the inner wall of the control cabinet (2); and the constant pressure water tank (29) is arranged on the rear side inside the control cabinet (2).
3. A frozen soil thawing compression tester according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of water containers (18) are arranged on the top of the tester (1).
4. A frozen soil thawing compression tester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the pressure plate (26) is arranged on the top of the tester (1).
5. The frozen soil thawing compression tester according to claim 1, characterized in that: A dust cover (9) is fixedly connected to the right side of the top of the control cabinet (2), and a control panel (10) is arranged on the left side of the top of the control cabinet (2).
6. A frozen soil thawing compression tester according to claim 1, characterized in that: A control panel (10) is arranged on the top of the control cabinet (2), and a plurality of control buttons are arranged on the upper portion of the control panel (10).
7. A frozen soil thawing compression tester according to claim 1, characterized in that: A constant pressure water pump (28) is provided on the inner wall of the control cabinet (2).
8. The frozen soil thawing compression tester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the heating and pressure transfer plate (14) is provided with a plurality of water inlets and outlets (13), and the interior of the thermal insulation jacket (15) is provided with a water discharge port (16).