Rock-soil direct shear test device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a rock-soil direct shear test device, which belongs to the technical field of rock-soil tests and comprises a bottom plate, supporting legs are arranged at the lower end of the bottom plate, a supporting rod is arranged at the upper end of the bottom plate, a top plate is arranged at the upper end of the supporting rod, a first hydraulic cylinder is arranged at the upper end of the top plate, and a protective cover is arranged in the center of the upper end of the bottom plate. A protective cover is arranged at the lower end of the bottom plate, a door plate fixing mechanism is arranged on the side edge of the protective cover, a pressing plate is arranged at the position, located in the protective cover, of the lower end of the first hydraulic cylinder, an L-shaped fixing plate is arranged on the side edge of the bottom plate, and a second hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the side edge of the L-shaped fixing plate. Rock and soil are automatically fed into the protective cover through the motor to be subjected to direct shear test work, the problems that a rock and soil sample is not easy to place in a narrow space such as the protective cover and subsequent cleaning of broken stone blocks is inconvenient are solved, and the rock and soil sample can be prevented from hurting the skin of an operator.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of rock and soil testing, and in particular relates to a rock and soil direct shear testing device. Background Art

[0002] The geotechnical direct shear test, referred to as the "direct shear test", is a test method used in engineering geology to determine the shear strength index of soil. This test uses a direct shear instrument to apply vertical pressure to the soil sample, and then applies horizontal thrust to the soil sample, causing the soil sample to shift and be sheared, thereby determining the shear strength of the soil.

[0003] Patent application No. 202321080596.1 discloses a rock and soil direct shear test device, including: a workbench, a protective cover is bolted to the upper surface of the workbench, an electric telescopic rod is also arranged on the workbench, a sealing plate is installed on the output end of the electric telescopic rod, the sealing plate is located in the window, the window is opened on the protective cover, a guide rod is installed on the sealing plate, and the guide rod is located in the guide groove. In the rock and soil direct shear test device, the rock and soil are placed in the protective cover, and the top cylinder can drive the pressure plate to press down to apply vertical pressure to the rock and soil. At this time, the cover can stably cover the opening position of the protective cover, and the top cylinder can also move downward on the cover. Similarly, the electric telescopic rod can drive the direct shear head to apply horizontal thrust to the rock and soil. Therefore, the cover and the protective cover can cooperate to isolate the broken rock and soil, avoid splashing and accidentally injuring the operator when the rock and soil are broken, and avoid affecting the normal movement of the top cylinder and the electric telescopic rod.

[0004] Although the above-mentioned patent can perform direct shear test on rock and soil, there are the following problems when using it:

[0005] 1. When placing the geotechnical specimen, whether the protective cover is removed first or the geotechnical specimen is placed without removing the protective cover, it will bring certain cumbersomeness to the geotechnical direct shear test, and the narrow distance between the protective cover and the geotechnical specimen is easily affected during the operation, causing the geotechnical specimen to bump against the skin;

[0006] 2. After the test is completed, because the protective cover cannot be opened quickly, the task of cleaning up the broken stones is relatively difficult, which affects the efficiency of the secondary test. Utility Model Content

[0007] In order to solve the problems raised in the above background technology, the utility model provides a rock and soil direct shear test device, which has the characteristics of automatically driving the rock and soil into the protective cover for direct shear test and improving the efficiency of secondary test.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the utility model provides the following technical solution: A direct shear test device for geotechnical engineering, including a bottom plate, support legs are arranged at the lower end of the bottom plate, a support rod is arranged at the upper end of the bottom plate, a top plate is arranged at the upper end of the support rod, a first hydraulic cylinder is arranged at the upper end of the top plate, a protective cover is arranged at the center position of the upper end of the bottom plate, a door plate fixing mechanism is arranged at the side of the protective cover, a pressing plate is arranged at the lower end of the first hydraulic cylinder inside the protective cover, an L-shaped fixing plate is arranged at the side of the bottom plate, a second hydraulic cylinder is arranged at the side of the L-shaped fixing plate, and a direct shear head is arranged at the other end of the second hydraulic cylinder inside the protective cover. A geotechnical automatic feeding mechanism is arranged at the side of the upper end of the bottom plate.

[0009] Preferably, the geotechnical automatic feeding mechanism includes a motor, a threaded rod, a nut block and a placement plate. A motor is arranged at the side of the bottom plate, a threaded rod is arranged at the output end of the motor, a nut block is threadedly connected to the surface of the threaded rod, and a placement plate is arranged at the upper end of the nut block.

[0010] Preferably, the geotechnical automatic feeding mechanism further includes a PLC controller, a connecting wire, a contact head and a contact switch. A contact head is arranged at the side of the placement plate, a contact switch is arranged on the inner wall of the protective cover, a PLC controller is arranged at a position near the edge of the upper end of the bottom plate, and the PLC controller, the motor, the contact head and the contact switch are electrically connected through the connecting wire.

[0011] Preferably, the door plate fixing mechanism includes a rotating shaft, a card seat, a card slot, a fixing component, a clamping block, a fixing hole and a door plate. A door plate is arranged at the side of the protective cover, one side of the door plate is rotatably connected to the protective cover through the rotating shaft, a clamping block is arranged at the other side of the door plate, a fixing hole is opened at the side of the clamping block, a card seat is arranged at the edge of the side of the protective cover, a card slot is opened at the side of the card seat, and a fixing component is arranged inside the card seat.

[0012] Preferably, the fixing component includes a spring and a fixing rod. A spring is arranged inside the card seat, and a fixing rod is arranged at the other end of the spring.

[0013] Preferably, the fixing component further includes a slider and a sliding groove. A slider is arranged at the side of the fixing rod, and a sliding groove corresponding to the slider is opened at the side of the card seat.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

[0015] 1. By setting the geotechnical automatic feeding mechanism, this mechanism can place the geotechnical sample on the placement plate and automatically send the geotechnical sample into the protective cover for direct shear test work through the motor, avoiding the problem that it is not easy to put the geotechnical sample into the narrow space of the protective cover, and can avoid the geotechnical sample from scratching the skin of the operator.

[0016] 2. The utility model is provided with a door panel fixing mechanism. The setting of this mechanism can facilitate the opening of the door panel, thereby facilitating the cleaning of the rock and soil residues inside the protective cover, avoiding some debris getting stuck on the surface of the threaded rod and affecting the normal operation of the device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional view of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 is a three-dimensional view of the rock and soil automatic feeding mechanism of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 is a three-dimensional view of the door panel fixing mechanism of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 is an enlarged view of the fixing component of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 5 is a three-dimensional view of the position of the pressing plate of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 6 is a three-dimensional view of the position of the straight cutting head of the utility model;

[0023] In the figure: 1. Bottom plate; 2. Support legs; 3. Rock and soil automatic feeding mechanism; 31. PLC controller; 32. Connecting wire; 33. Motor; 34. Threaded rod; 35. Nut block; 36. Placing plate; 37. Contact head; 38. Contact switch; 4. Door panel fixing mechanism; 41. Rotating shaft; 42. Card seat; 43. Card slot; 44. Fixing component; 441. Slide block; 442. Slide groove; 443. Spring; 444. Fixed rod; 45. Clamping block; 46. Fixing hole; 47. Door panel; 5. Support rod; 6. Protective cover; 7. Top plate; 8. Hydraulic cylinder I; 9. Hydraulic cylinder II; 10. L-shaped fixing plate; 11. Pressing plate; 12. Straight cutting head. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0024] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0025] Embodiment 1

[0026] Please refer to Figure 1-6, the present utility model provides the following technical solution: A geotechnical direct shear test device, including a bottom plate 1, support legs 2 are provided at the lower end of the bottom plate 1, a support rod 5 is provided at the upper end of the bottom plate 1, a top plate 7 is provided at the upper end of the support rod 5, a first hydraulic cylinder 8 is provided at the upper end of the top plate 7, a protective cover 6 is provided at the center position of the upper end of the bottom plate 1, a door plate fixing mechanism 4 is provided at the side of the protective cover 6, a pressing plate 11 is provided at the lower end of the first hydraulic cylinder 8 inside the protective cover 6, an L-shaped fixing plate 10 is provided at the side of the bottom plate 1, a second hydraulic cylinder 9 is provided at the side of the L-shaped fixing plate 10, and a direct shear head 12 is provided at the other end of the second hydraulic cylinder 9 inside the protective cover 6, and a geotechnical automatic feeding mechanism 3 is provided at the side of the upper end of the bottom plate 1.

[0027] Specifically, the geotechnical automatic feeding mechanism 3 includes a motor 33, a threaded rod 34, a nut block 35 and a placement plate 36. The motor 33 is provided at the side of the bottom plate 1, the output end of the motor 33 is provided with the threaded rod 34, the nut block 35 is threadedly connected to the surface of the threaded rod 34, and the placement plate 36 is provided at the upper end of the nut block 35.

[0028] By adopting the above technical solution, when conducting a direct shear test on the geotechnical material, first place the geotechnical material on the upper end of the placement plate 36, then open the door plate 47 on the side of the protective cover 6, turn on the motor 33, the motor 33 drives the threaded rod 34 to rotate through the output end, the rotation of the threaded rod 34 drives the nut block 35 to slide, and the nut block 35 slides to send the geotechnical material on the upper end of the placement plate 36 into the protective cover 6 for the direct shear test.

[0029] Specifically, the geotechnical automatic feeding mechanism 3 further includes a PLC controller 31, a connecting wire 32, a contact head 37 and a contact switch 38. The contact head 37 is provided at the side of the placement plate 36, the contact switch 38 is provided on the inner wall of the protective cover 6, the PLC controller 31 is provided at the position near the edge of the upper end of the bottom plate 1, and the PLC controller 31, the motor 33, the contact head 37 and the contact switch 38 are electrically connected through the connecting wire 32.

[0030] By adopting the above technical solution, when the contact head 37 on the side of the placement plate 36 touches the contact switch 38, the circuit is connected at this time, and after receiving the electrical signal, the PLC controller 31 controls the motor 33 to turn off so as to conduct a direct shear test on the geotechnical material.

[0031] When this embodiment is in use and a direct shear test is performed on rock and soil, first place the rock and soil on the upper end of the placement plate 36, then open the door panel 47 on the side of the protective cover 6, turn on the motor 33. The motor 33 drives the threaded rod 34 to rotate through the output end. The rotation of the threaded rod 34 drives the nut block 35 to slide. The sliding of the nut block 35 sends the rock and soil on the upper end of the placement plate 36 into the protective cover 6 for a direct shear test. When the contact head 37 on the side of the placement plate 36 touches the contact switch 38, the circuit is connected at this time. After receiving the electrical signal, the PLC controller 31 controls the motor 33 to turn off, so as to perform a direct shear test on the rock and soil. At this time, by opening the first hydraulic cylinder 8, the first hydraulic cylinder 8 drives the pressing plate 11 to fix the upper end surface of the rock and soil. Then, by opening the second hydraulic cylinder 9, the second hydraulic cylinder 9 drives the direct shear head 12 to apply a horizontal thrust to the rock and soil, causing the rock and soil to be sheared and damaged by dislocation, so as to determine the shear strength of the rock and soil.

[0032] Embodiment 2

[0033] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that: the door panel fixing mechanism 4 includes a rotating shaft 41, a card seat 42, a card slot 43, a fixing component 44, a card block 45, a fixing hole 46 and a door panel 47. A door panel 47 is provided on the side of the protective cover 6. One side of the door panel 47 is rotatably connected to the protective cover 6 through the rotating shaft 41. A card block 45 is provided on the other side of the door panel 47. A fixing hole 46 is opened on the side of the card block 45. A card seat 42 is provided at the edge of the side of the protective cover 6. A card slot 43 is opened on the side of the card seat 42. A fixing component 44 is provided inside the card seat 42.

[0034] By adopting the above technical solution, when it is necessary to clean the rock and soil debris inside the protective cover 6, release the limit of the fixing component 44 on the card block 45. At this time, the door panel 47 can be driven to open through the rotating shaft 41, so as to clean the protective cover 6.

[0035] Specifically, the fixing component 44 includes a spring 443 and a fixing rod 444. A spring 443 is provided inside the card seat 42, and the other end of the spring 443 is provided with a fixing rod 444.

[0036] By adopting the above technical solution, when closing the door panel 47, press the fixing rod 444. The fixing rod 444 compresses the spring 443 and embeds it inside the card seat 42. At this time, drive the door panel 47 to close through the rotating shaft 41. The door panel 47 drives the card block 45 to insert into the card slot 43. At this time, the spring 443 rebounds, driving the fixing rod 444 to insert into the fixing hole 46 to realize the closing of the door panel 47.

[0037] Specifically, the fixing component 44 further includes a slider 441 and a chute 442. A slider 441 is provided on the side of the fixing rod 444, and a chute 442 corresponding to the slider 441 is opened on the side of the card seat 42.

[0038] By adopting the above technical solution, when it is necessary to clean the rock and soil residues inside the protective cover 6, the slider 441 inside the sliding chute 442 drives the fixed rod 444 to slide out from the inside of the fixing hole 46. At this time, the door panel 47 can be opened, so as to clean the rock and soil residues inside the protective cover 6.

[0039] When this embodiment is in use, when closing the door panel 47, press the fixed rod 444. The fixed rod 444 compresses the spring 443 and is inserted into the inside of the clamping seat 42. At this time, the door panel 47 is driven by the rotating shaft 41 to close. The door panel 47 drives the clamping block 45 to insert into the inside of the clamping groove 43. At this time, the spring 443 rebounds, so as to drive the fixed rod 444 to insert into the inside of the fixing hole 46 to realize the closing of the door panel 47. When it is necessary to clean the rock and soil residues inside the protective cover 6, the slider 441 inside the sliding chute 442 drives the fixed rod 444 to slide out from the inside of the fixing hole 46. At this time, the door panel 47 can be opened, so as to clean the rock and soil residues inside the protective cover 6.

[0040] The PLC controller 31 in the present utility model is an existing publicly disclosed technology, and the selected model is Siemens S7-200.

[0041] The working principle and usage process of the present utility model: When the present utility model is in use, when conducting a direct shear test on rock and soil, first place the rock and soil on the upper end of the placing plate 36, and then open the door panel 47 on the side of the protective cover 6. Turn on the motor 33. The motor 33 drives the threaded rod 34 to rotate through the output end. The rotation of the threaded rod 34 drives the nut block 35 to slide. The sliding of the nut block 35 sends the rock and soil on the upper end of the placing plate 36 into the protective cover 6 for a direct shear test. When the contact head 37 on the side of the placing plate 36 touches the contact switch 38, the circuit is connected at this time. After receiving the electrical signal, the PLC controller 31 controls the motor 33 to turn off, so as to conduct a direct shear test on the rock and soil. At this time, by opening the first hydraulic cylinder 8, the first hydraulic cylinder 8 drives the pressing plate 11 to fix the upper end surface of the rock and soil. Then, by opening the second hydraulic cylinder 9, the second hydraulic cylinder 9 drives the direct shear head 12 to apply a horizontal thrust to the rock and soil, so that the rock and soil are sheared and damaged by dislocation, thereby determining the shear strength of the rock and soil; when closing the door panel 47, press the fixed rod 444. The fixed rod 444 compresses the spring 443 and is inserted into the inside of the clamping seat 42. At this time, the door panel 47 is driven by the rotating shaft 41 to close. The door panel 47 drives the clamping block 45 to insert into the inside of the clamping groove 43. At this time, the spring 443 rebounds, so as to drive the fixed rod 444 to insert into the inside of the fixing hole 46 to realize the closing of the door panel 47. When it is necessary to clean the rock and soil residues inside the protective cover 6, the slider 441 inside the sliding chute 442 drives the fixed rod 444 to slide out from the inside of the fixing hole 46. At this time, the door panel 47 can be opened, so as to clean the rock and soil residues inside the protective cover 6.

[0042] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A rock and soil direct shear test device, comprising a base plate, characterized in that: A supporting leg is provided at the lower end of the base plate, a supporting rod is provided at the upper end of the base plate, a top plate is provided at the upper end of the supporting rod, a hydraulic cylinder 1 is provided at the upper end of the top plate, a protective cover is provided at the center position of the upper end of the base plate, a door panel fixing mechanism is provided on the side of the protective cover, a pressure plate is provided at the lower end of the hydraulic cylinder 1 located inside the protective cover, an L-shaped fixing plate is provided on the side of the base plate, a hydraulic cylinder 2 is provided on the side of the L-shaped fixing plate, the other end of the hydraulic cylinder 2 is located inside the protective cover and a straight shear head is provided, and an automatic rock and soil feeding mechanism is provided on the side of the upper end of the base plate.

2. A rock and soil direct shear test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The automatic rock and soil feeding mechanism includes a motor, a threaded rod, a nut block and a placement plate. The motor is arranged on the side of the bottom plate, the threaded rod is arranged on the output end of the motor, the nut block is arranged on the surface of the threaded rod in threaded connection, and the placement plate is arranged on the upper end of the nut block.

3. A rock and soil direct shear test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The automatic rock and soil feeding mechanism also includes a PLC controller, connecting wires, a contact head and a contact switch. The contact head is arranged on the side of the placement plate, the contact switch is arranged on the inner wall of the protective cover, and the PLC controller is arranged at the upper end of the bottom plate near the edge. The PLC controller, the motor, the contact head and the contact switch are electrically connected through the connecting wires.

4. A rock and soil direct shear test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The door panel fixing mechanism includes a rotating shaft, a socket, a slot, a fixing component, a block, a fixing hole and a door panel. A door panel is arranged on the side of the protective cover. One side of the door panel is rotatably connected to the protective cover via a rotating shaft. A block is arranged on the other side of the door panel. A fixing hole is provided on the side of the block. A socket is arranged at the side edge of the protective cover. A slot is provided on the side of the socket. A fixing component is arranged inside the socket.

5. A rock and soil direct shear test device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fixing assembly comprises a spring and a fixing rod. The spring is arranged inside the clamping seat, and the fixing rod is arranged at the other end of the spring.

6. A rock and soil direct shear test device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fixing assembly further comprises a sliding block and a sliding groove. The side of the fixing rod is provided with a sliding block, and the side of the clamping seat is provided with a sliding groove corresponding to the sliding block.

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