Spiral air screen

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of material separation in waste treatment, in particular to a spiral air screen. Comprising a shell of a cylindrical structure, a discharging pipe arranged at the upper end of the shell and a feeding pipe located on the upper side wall of the shell below the discharging pipe, a turbulent flow disc used for forming cyclone is arranged in an inner cavity of the shell, a center pipe communicated with the feeding pipe is arranged above the turbulent flow disc, and the turbulent flow disc is in transmission connection with a driving mechanism; a booster blower is arranged on the feeding pipe, and a negative pressure blower is arranged on the discharging pipe. According to the spiral air screen, impurities are separated through cyclone and centrifugal force, the spiral air screen is used for removing impurities such as sandy soil and gravel with large specific gravity in materials such as plastic films which are small in specific gravity and prone to floating in the air, the separation efficiency is high, and the spiral air screen is particularly suitable for the materials with high impurity content.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of material separation in waste treatment, and more specifically, to a spiral air sieve. Background Art

[0002] A large amount of plastic films are used in the field of modern agricultural technology. With the continuous increase in the usage amount and service life of agricultural mulch films, "white pollution" has been caused in some local areas, becoming a prominent problem faced by the green development of agriculture. Promoting the action of agricultural film recycling is very urgent and important. The recycling and treatment of agricultural films are divided into two stages: field collection and later crushing. In the field collection stage, the agricultural films in the farmland are mainly collected, and at the same time, simple sorting and cleaning are carried out, and finally they are packed and waiting for later crushing treatment; in the later crushing treatment stage, it is necessary to first remove impurities such as plant straws, sand, and gravel entrained in the waste agricultural films, and then use a crusher or a shearing machine to process the large agricultural films into small pieces; the sand and gravel entrained in the agricultural films not only affect the quality of the recycled materials, but also cause great harm to the blades of the crusher and the shearing machine. Another Chinese patent application of the applicant, 2022115683049, discloses a "Plastic Film Crushing and Debris Removing Machine", and the application publication number is CN115890979A. The crushing and debris removing machine includes a crushing chamber, a cutter head assembly installed in the crushing chamber, and a driving motor drivingly connected to the cutter head assembly. The crushing chamber is provided with a feed inlet and a discharge outlet. The feed inlet is arranged at the upper end of the crushing chamber, the lower end of the crushing chamber is butted against a negative pressure chamber, and the discharge outlet is arranged on the side wall of the negative pressure chamber; the cutter head assembly is fixedly installed at the upper end of a central shaft, and the lower end of the central shaft passes through the bottom plate of the negative pressure chamber and is drivingly connected to the driving motor; the negative pressure chamber is connected to a negative pressure generating device. The plastic film crushing and debris removing machine is not easy to jam, has a good crushing effect, high efficiency, and also has a certain ability to separate impurities. However, the ability to separate impurities is limited, and the purity requirement for raw materials is relatively high. The separation effect of sand and gravel is not ideal enough. Summary of the Utility Model

[0003] An object of the utility model is to provide a spiral air sieve, which removes impurities such as sand and gravel with a relatively large specific gravity from materials such as plastic films with a relatively small specific gravity and easy to float in the air, improves the separation efficiency of the materials, and is applicable to materials with a relatively high impurity content.

[0004] According to the first aspect of the utility model, there is provided a spiral air sieve, including a cylindrical outer shell, a discharge pipe arranged at the upper end of the outer shell, and a feed pipe arranged on the upper side wall of the outer shell below the discharge pipe. A spoiler plate for forming a cyclone is arranged in the inner cavity of the outer shell. A central pipe communicating with the feed pipe is arranged above the spoiler plate, and the spoiler plate is drivingly connected to a driving mechanism; a supercharging blower is arranged on the feed pipe, and a negative pressure blower is arranged on the discharge pipe.

[0005] Through this solution, the spoiler disk forms a cyclone in the outer shell, and the feed pipe blows air into the outer shell, creating a pressure difference with greater pressure at the bottom and less pressure at the top in the outer shell. Materials with a lower specific gravity, such as plastic films, rotate at high speed with the cyclone and move upward from bottom to top. Impurities with a greater specific gravity, such as sand and gravel, are separated from the materials under the action of gravity and centrifugal force and sink. The impurity separation efficiency is high, and it is suitable for materials with a high impurity content.

[0006] Preferably, the spoiler disk is a horizontally arranged disk-shaped structure. The upper surface of the spoiler disk is connected and installed with spoiler plates. The center of the lower surface of the spoiler disk is fixedly connected to a central shaft, and the central shaft is in transmission connection with a driving motor.

[0007] Through this solution, the rotating spoiler disk can form a high-speed rotating cyclone in the outer shell.

[0008] Preferably, a fixed screen is arranged in the inner cavity of the outer shell. The fixed screen is coaxially arranged with the outer shell and there is a gap between the fixed screen and the outer shell.

[0009] Through this solution, the fixed screen can confine materials with a lower specific gravity and larger volume in its inner cavity, while sand and gravel with a greater specific gravity and smaller volume can pass through the fixed screen, improving the impurity separation efficiency.

[0010] Preferably, the lower port diameter of the fixed screen gradually narrows into a flared shape, and the flared lower port is in clearance fit with the edge of the spoiler disk.

[0011] Through this solution, the diameter of the spoiler disk is smaller while the inner diameter of the outer shell is larger, which can improve the dynamic balance performance of the spoiler disk and the impurity separation efficiency.

[0012] Preferably, a discharge bin is arranged at the upper end of the outer shell. An inner cavity partition is arranged in the inner cavity of the discharge bin. The inner cavity partition divides the inner cavity of the discharge bin into a blower cavity and a discharge cavity communicating with the inner cavity of the outer shell. One end of the blower cavity communicates with the air outlet of a negative pressure blower, and the other end communicates with a discharge pipe. The discharge cavity communicates with the discharge pipe.

[0013] Through this solution, the negative pressure blower can generate negative pressure in the discharge bin, suck out materials using the negative pressure, and at the same time, the high-speed airflow of the negative pressure blower helps to push the materials to move in the discharge pipe, preventing blockage of the discharge pipe.

[0014] Preferably, the lower end of the discharge bin communicates with the inner cavity of the outer shell. The inner cavity partition is horizontally arranged in the inner cavity of the discharge bin. The negative pressure blower is connected to the blower cavity through a reducing pipe arranged on the rear side wall of the discharge bin. The discharge pipe is fixedly connected to the front side wall of the discharge bin and communicates with the blower cavity and the discharge cavity.

[0015] Through this solution, the discharge bin has a compact structure, smooth discharge, and good effect.

[0016] Preferably, the feed pipe is horizontally arranged. The front end of the feed pipe penetrates and is inserted into the side wall of the housing and is connected to a longitudinally arranged central pipe through an elbow. A transverse partition is fixedly arranged in the inner cavity of the feed pipe. A feeding port is formed in the lower side wall of the feed pipe below the transverse partition. The pressurizing blower is installed at the rear end of the feed pipe, and the air outlet of the pressurizing blower is communicated to the upper part of the transverse partition in the inner cavity of the feed pipe.

[0017] With this solution, the feeding operation is convenient, and preliminary impurity separation can be achieved during the feeding process.

[0018] In summary, the spiral air sieve of the present utility model realizes the separation of impurities through cyclone and centrifugal force, and is used to remove impurities with a larger specific gravity such as sand and gravel in materials such as plastic films with a smaller specific gravity and prone to floating in the air. The separation efficiency is high and it is especially suitable for materials with a high impurity content.

[0019] Other features and advantages of the present utility model will become clear from the following detailed description of the exemplary embodiments of the present utility model with reference to the accompanying drawings. Description of the Drawings

[0020] The drawings incorporated in the specification and constituting a part of the specification illustrate embodiments of the present utility model and, together with the description, are used to explain the principles of the present utility model.

[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0022] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the embodiment.

[0023] Figure 3 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the spoiler disc.

[0024] Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the feed pipe. Detailed Embodiments

[0025] It should be noted that the following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and in no way limits the present utility model and its application or use.

[0026] Techniques, methods, and equipment known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the techniques, methods, and equipment should be regarded as part of the specification.

[0027] In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not limiting. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.

[0028] It should be noted that like reference numerals and letters refer to similar items in the following figures, and therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0029] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, as the first embodiment of the utility model, the spiral air screen of the utility model comprises a shell 1 of a cylindrical structure, a discharge pipe 2 arranged at the upper end of the shell 1, and a feed pipe 3 located on the upper side wall of the shell 1 below the discharge pipe 2. The feed pipe 3 is used to input materials such as plastic film to be cleaned into the inner cavity of the shell 1, and the discharge pipe 2 is used to output the cleaned materials. A spoiler 4 for forming a cyclone is arranged in the inner cavity of the shell 1, and a central pipe 5 connected to the feed pipe 3 is arranged above the spoiler 4. The spoiler 4 is connected to the driving mechanism in a transmission manner. The high-speed rotation of the spoiler 4 pushes the air in the inner cavity of the shell 1 to form a cyclone, driving the material to rotate, and using the centrifugal force generated by the rotation to separate impurities such as sand, gravel and the material. In addition, a fixed screen 11 is arranged in the inner cavity of the shell 1. The fixed screen 11 is a cylindrical structure with screen holes densely distributed on the side wall or a mesh plate arranged in a circular ring along the inner wall of the shell 1. The fixed screen 11 is coaxially arranged with the shell 1 and a gap is arranged between the fixed screen 1 and the shell 1. When the cyclone drives the material to rotate, materials such as plastic films with a smaller specific gravity are more likely to be concentrated in the inner cavity of the fixed screen 11, while impurities such as sand and gravel with a larger specific gravity will pass through the fixed screen 11 under the action of centrifugal force and enter the interlayer between the fixed screen 11 and the outer shell 1, thereby separating the impurities from the materials.

[0030] The feed pipe 3 is provided with a boost blower 301, and the discharge pipe 2 is provided with a negative pressure blower 21. The boost blower 301 blows air into the inner cavity of the housing 1, and the negative pressure blower 21 generates negative pressure at the upper end of the housing 1, so that a pressure difference is formed in the inner cavity of the housing 1, and the air rises in a spiral to drive the material to move from bottom to top.

[0031] like Figure 3As shown in the figure, as a further improvement of the present utility model, the spoiler disc 4 is a horizontally arranged disc-shaped structure. The upper surface of the spoiler disc 4 is connected and installed with spoiler plates 41. A plurality of triangular spoiler plates 41 are evenly distributed around the center of the spoiler disc 4. The spoiler plates 41 are vertically installed on the upper surface of the spoiler disc 4 and the plate surface of the spoiler plate 41 is located at an eccentric position of the spoiler disc 4, so that when the spoiler disc 4 drives the spoiler plates 41 to rotate, a cyclone can be formed. The lower port diameter of the fixed screen 11 gradually decreases to form a flared structure with a large upper opening and a small lower opening. The flared lower port 42 is in clearance fit with the edge of the spoiler disc 4, that is to say, the gap between the two is small enough but there is no direct contact. The side wall of the flared lower port 42 of the fixed screen 11 is densely distributed with sieve holes. In this way, compared with the outer shell 1 with a larger inner diameter, the diameter of the spoiler disc 4 is smaller, and the dynamic balance performance is better during high-speed rotation. At the same time, it allows impurities such as sand and gravel near the central axis to pass through the sieve holes and move downward. The center of the lower surface of the spoiler disc 4 is fixedly connected with a central shaft 43, and the central shaft 43 is in transmission connection with the drive motor 44. It can be connected by a belt as shown in the figure, or it can be connected by a chain or a gear. A lower end plate 12 fixedly connected to the lower end of the outer shell 1 is arranged below the spoiler disc 4. The central shaft 43 passes through and is inserted on the lower end plate 12 through a bearing, and a slag discharge hole 13 is arranged on the lower end plate 12 corresponding to the position of the flare of the fixed screen 11. The sand, gravel and other impurities passing through the fixed screen 11 can be discharged through the slag discharge hole 13. Of course, a bracket can also be arranged below the lower end plate 12 to facilitate the installation of the drive mechanism and the drive motor 44 below the lower end plate 12.

[0032] As Figure 2 shown, an outlet bin 22 is arranged at the upper end of the outer shell 1. The outlet bin 22 is fixedly installed on the upper end plate 103 at the upper end of the outer shell 1, and an outlet is arranged on the upper end plate 103 to communicate with the outlet bin 22. An outlet bin partition 23 is arranged in the inner cavity of the outlet bin 22. The outlet bin partition 23 divides the inner cavity of the outlet bin 22 into a blower cavity and an outlet cavity communicating with the inner cavity of the outer shell 1 which are arranged in parallel. One end of the blower cavity communicates with the air outlet of the negative pressure blower 21, and the other end communicates with the outlet pipe 2. The outlet cavity communicates with the outlet pipe 2.

[0033] As a specific embodiment of the present utility model, the lower end of the discharge bin 22 communicates with the inner cavity of the outer shell 1. The discharge bin partition 23 is horizontally arranged in the inner cavity of the discharge bin 22. The discharge bin partition 23 divides the inner cavity of the discharge bin 22 into two parts. The lower part is the discharge cavity communicating with the inner cavity of the outer shell 1, and the upper part is the fan cavity communicating with the air outlet of the negative pressure blower 21. The negative pressure blower 21 is communicated with the fan cavity through a reducing pipe arranged on the rear side wall of the discharge bin 22. The discharge pipe 2 is fixedly connected to the front side wall of the discharge bin 22 and communicates with both the fan cavity and the discharge cavity at the same time. When the negative pressure blower 21 works, it blows air into the discharge pipe 2 through the fan cavity. When the high-speed air flow passes through the discharge cavity, a negative pressure is formed in the discharge cavity, sucking the materials in the inner cavity of the outer shell 1 and discharging them through the discharge pipe 2.

[0034] As Figure 4 shown, the feed pipe 3 is horizontally arranged. The front end of the feed pipe 3 is inserted through the side wall of the outer shell 1 and communicates with the longitudinally arranged central pipe 5 through an elbow. A transverse partition 31 is fixedly arranged in the inner cavity of the feed pipe 3. A feed port 32 is opened on the lower side wall of the feed pipe 3 below the transverse partition 31. The booster blower 301 is installed at the rear end of the feed pipe 3, and the air outlet of the booster blower 301 communicates with the upper part of the transverse partition 31 in the inner cavity of the feed pipe 3. When the booster blower 301 works, it blows air into the feed pipe 3 through the cavity above the transverse partition 31. When the high-speed air flow passes through the upper part of the transverse partition 31, a negative pressure is formed at the feed port 32 below the transverse partition 31, sucking the materials fed into the feed port 32 into the feed pipe 3 and then blowing them into the central pipe 5, and dropping them onto the turbulence disk 4 from the opening at the lower end of the central pipe 5. At this time, the drive motor 44 is started, and the turbulence disk 4 rotates at a high speed to form a cyclone, which can drive the materials to rotate and move upward at the same time. During the rotation of the materials, impurities such as sand and gravel are separated from the materials and thrown out around, settling to the bottom of the outer shell 1 and discharged through the slag discharge hole 13. The materials with impurities removed rise with the air flow and are finally discharged through the discharge cavity and the discharge pipe 2.

[0035] Although the above has detailed some specific embodiments of the present utility model through specific examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the above examples are only for illustration and not for limiting the protection scope of the present utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that the above embodiments can be modified without departing from the scope and spirit of the present utility model. The protection scope of the present utility model is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A spiral air screen, comprising a shell (1) of a cylindrical structure, a discharge pipe (2) arranged at the upper end of the shell (1), and a feed pipe (3) located on the upper side wall of the shell (1) below the discharge pipe (2), characterized in that: A spoiler (4) for forming a cyclone is arranged in the inner cavity of the shell (1); a central tube (5) connected to the feed pipe (3) is arranged above the spoiler (4); the spoiler (4) is in driving connection with a drive mechanism; a boost blower (301) is arranged on the feed pipe (3); and a negative pressure blower (21) is arranged on the discharge pipe (2).

2. The spiral air screen according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spoiler disk (4) is a horizontally arranged disc-shaped structure; the upper surface of the spoiler disk (4) is connected to a mounting spoiler plate (41); the center of the lower surface of the spoiler disk (4) is fixedly connected to a central axis (43); and the central axis (43) is drivingly connected to a driving motor (44).

3. The spiral air screen according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A fixed screen (11) is arranged in the inner cavity of the outer shell (1); the fixed screen (11) is arranged coaxially with the outer shell (1) and a gap is provided between the fixed screen (11) and the outer shell (1).

4. The spiral air screen according to claim 3, characterized in that: The diameter of the lower port of the fixed screen (11) gradually decreases to form a bell-mouth shape, and the bell-mouth-shaped lower port is gap-matched with the edge of the spoiler (4).

5. The spiral air screen according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A discharge bin (22) is provided at the upper end of the outer shell (1), and a discharge bin partition (23) is provided in the inner cavity of the discharge bin (22), the discharge bin partition (23) divides the inner cavity of the discharge bin (22) into a fan cavity and a discharge cavity connected to the inner cavity of the outer shell (1), one end of the fan cavity is connected to the air outlet of the negative pressure blower (21), and the other end is connected to the discharge pipe (2), and the discharge cavity is connected to the discharge pipe (2).

6. The spiral air screen according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lower end of the discharge bin (22) is connected to the inner cavity of the outer shell (1); the discharge bin partition (23) is transversely arranged in the inner cavity of the discharge bin (22); the negative pressure blower (21) is connected to the blower cavity via a reducer arranged on the rear end side wall of the discharge bin (22); the discharge pipe (2) is fixedly connected to the front end side wall of the discharge bin (22) and connects the blower cavity and the discharge cavity.

7. The spiral air screen according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The feed pipe (3) is arranged transversely, the front end of the feed pipe (3) is inserted through the side wall of the outer shell (1) and is connected to the longitudinally arranged central pipe (5) through an elbow, a transverse partition (31) is fixedly arranged in the inner cavity of the feed pipe (3), and a feeding port (32) is opened on the lower side wall of the feed pipe (3) below the transverse partition (31), and the booster blower (301) is installed at the rear end of the feed pipe (3) and the air outlet of the booster blower (301) is connected to the upper part of the transverse partition (31) in the inner cavity of the feed pipe (3).

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