Lubricating and sealing test device for open bearing

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of open type bearing lubrication sealing test, in particular to a lubrication sealing test device for an open type bearing, which comprises a driving assembly, a test assembly and a numerical control system, the driving assembly comprises a driving motor and a motor shaft, and the test assembly comprises a test shaft connected with the motor shaft. A first end cover and a second end cover are arranged at the two ends of the test shaft respectively, a bearing seat of a to-be-tested bearing is connected between the first end cover and the second end cover, and the test shaft is further provided with a first detachable sealing assembly and a detachable lubricating assembly which are located on the two sides of the to-be-tested bearing respectively. The end, away from the first sealing assembly, of the lubricating assembly is provided with a second detachable sealing assembly connected with the second end cover. The numerical control system comprises an air pressure measurement system, a rotating speed measurement and control system and a temperature measurement and control system. The scheme can be used for verifying the effect of the existing open type bearing lubrication sealing structure, and the lubrication sealing scheme can be optimized and improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of lubrication and sealing tests for open bearings, and particularly provides a lubrication and sealing test device for open bearings. Background Art

[0002] Open bearings are rotating parts. At present, common lubrication and sealing structural forms of open bearings include non-contact seals and contact seals. Non-contact seals such as labyrinth seals and spiral seals, and contact seals such as oil seal seals and packing seals. Open bearings also have various lubrication methods including grease lubrication, splash lubrication, oil mist lubrication, etc. In the initial design, the lubrication and sealing structures corresponding to different lubrication methods are usually selected through experience and design manuals, and the actual application effects are unknown. In order to ensure good overall operation effects, relevant tests need to be carried out for verification. In the prior art, the following patents relate to relevant experimental equipment for lubrication and sealing:

[0003] 1. An invention patent with the patent number "201210072366.0" and the patent name "Computer-controlled Single-head Oil Seal Rotation Performance Testing Machine" adopts computer control, including a CPU control unit, a human-machine interface, and a speed unit, a temperature unit, and an execution unit controlled by the CPU control unit. The speed unit has a stepless speed regulation function, including a speed feedback unit, an analog module, and an inverter. The rotation performance testing machine of this patent has good response ability and good testing ability, but it can only detect the sealing performance of oil seals (rotary shaft lip seals), evaluate the performance of oil seals by measuring the oil temperature, cannot install bearings for testing, and cannot verify the sealing performance of other sealing structures.

[0004] 2. An invention patent application with the patent number "201811651202.7" and the patent name "High-temperature and High-pressure Oil Seal Rotation Performance Testing Machine" includes a platen, a linear guide rail, a test drum, a driving motor, a heat insulation sleeve, an oil circuit system, etc. A linear guide rail for the test drum to move is arranged on the platen. There is a heat insulation sleeve in the sleeve of the test drum, and the test drum is supplied with oil through the oil circuit system. There is a pressure compensator on the oil circuit system, and high-accuracy high-temperature and high-pressure oil seal rotation performance tests can be carried out, but the patent solution cannot carry out lubrication and sealing performance tests on bearings.

[0005] In summary, common sealing test devices are mostly rotatable test devices for oil seals, only examining the sealing effect of contact-type oil seals, and bearings generally only examine the lubrication effect to check whether the bearings are poorly lubricated. At present, there is no special test device for the lubrication and sealing performance of bearing configuration structures. Therefore, how to design an open bearing lubrication and sealing test device that can simultaneously evaluate the sealing effect and lubrication effect of different bearings to comprehensively evaluate the sealing and lubrication effects of bearings is an urgent problem to be solved at present. Summary of the Utility Model

[0006] To solve the above problems, the present utility model provides a lubrication and sealing test device for an open bearing, which can simultaneously test the sealing effect and lubrication effect of the open bearing, facilitate the selection and verification of the overall lubrication and sealing of the bearing, improve the operational reliability of the bearing, and ensure good operation of the bearing while ensuring the sealing effect.

[0007] A lubrication and sealing test device for an open bearing provided by the present utility model includes a driving assembly, a test assembly, and a numerical control system. The driving assembly includes a driving motor and a motor shaft. The test assembly includes a test shaft connected to the motor shaft. First and second end covers are respectively provided at both ends of the test shaft. The bearing to be tested is installed on the test shaft, and the bearing seat of the bearing to be tested is connected between the first end cover and the second end cover. Removable sealing assembly one and removable lubrication assembly are respectively installed on the test shaft on both sides of the bearing to be tested. A removable sealing assembly two connected to the second end cover is provided at one end of the lubrication assembly away from the sealing assembly one. Temperature measuring points and air pressure measuring points connected to the numerical control system are provided at the lubrication assembly. Temperature measuring points connected to the numerical control system are provided at the bearing to be tested.

[0008] Further, the bearing to be tested includes a bearing body located in the bearing seat. The bearing body includes a bearing inner ring and a bearing outer ring. The bearing outer ring is installed in the bearing seat, and the bearing inner ring is installed on the test shaft. A limiting shoulder is provided on the test shaft. The sealing assembly one includes shaft part one, and shaft part one and the bearing inner ring are respectively limited at the axial two ends of the limiting shoulder.

[0009] Further, an elastic retaining ring abuting against the end of the bearing outer ring is connected to the bearing seat. The limiting shoulder and the elastic retaining ring are respectively located on both sides of the bearing body, and the bearing inner ring and the bearing outer ring are respectively limited by the limiting shoulder and the elastic retaining ring.

[0010] Further, the lubrication assembly includes shaft part two. Shaft part two is installed on the test shaft and is located at one end of the bearing inner ring away from the limiting shoulder. The sealing assembly two includes housing part three, and housing part three is connected to the second end cover.

[0011] Further, first external thread and second external thread are provided on the test shaft. The first external thread is located at one end of shaft part one away from the limiting shoulder. A locking nut one is threadedly connected to the first external thread, and shaft part one is locked by the locking nut one. The second external thread is located at one end of shaft part two close to housing part three. A locking nut two is threadedly connected to the second external thread, and shaft part two is locked by the locking nut two.

[0012] Further, an operation platform is further included. The driving assembly and the test assembly are both arranged on the operation platform. The numerical control system is arranged on the side of the operation platform. The numerical control system includes an air pressure measurement system, a rotational speed measurement and control system, and a temperature measurement and control system.

[0013] Further, a gas pressure measuring point is provided in the cavity of the lubrication and sealing test device, and the gas pressure measuring system is connected to the gas pressure measuring point; a temperature measuring point is provided in the cavity of the lubrication and sealing test device, a temperature measuring point is provided on the bearing body, and the temperature measurement and control system is connected to each temperature measuring point; a rotational speed measuring point is provided on the motor shaft or the test shaft, and the rotational speed measurement and control system is connected to the rotational speed measuring point.

[0014] Further, the first shaft part, the second shaft part, and the housing part three are all coaxially arranged with the motor shaft and the test shaft.

[0015] Further, the first end cover and the bearing seat, the second end cover and the bearing seat, and the housing part three and the bearing seat are all connected by bolts.

[0016] Further, the test shaft is of a hollow shaft structure; the test shaft and the motor shaft are connected by a rigid connecting member.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the utility model can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. The lubrication and sealing test device in the utility model can complete the test verification of lubrication components and sealing components of various structures, including but not limited to different lubrication methods such as grease lubrication, oil bath lubrication, splash lubrication, oil injection lubrication, oil mist lubrication, oil-gas lubrication, etc., and including but not limited to various sealing methods such as labyrinth seal, clearance seal, spiral seal, magnetohydrodynamic seal, centrifugal seal, oil seal, packing seal, etc. By replacing different lubrication components and sealing components, the performance test of different lubrication components and sealing components can be realized to compare and select the best lubrication components and sealing components, which has the advantages of simple structure, convenient replacement, wide application range, etc.

[0019] 2. The utility model is simultaneously equipped with a temperature sensor and a gas pressure sensor to measure the bearing temperature, bearing chamber pressure, etc., monitor the temperature of the bearing and the gas pressure in the cavity under different sealing components and lubrication components in the rotating state, evaluate the influence of different sealing components and lubrication components on the bearing temperature rise and gas pressure, obtain the leakage amount and the wear condition of the bearing and the seal, can be used for the effect verification of the existing lubrication and sealing structure, as well as the optimization and improvement of the lubrication and sealing scheme, can comprehensively evaluate the lubrication and sealing effects of the bearing at the same time, has general applicability, and can carry out test evaluation for the sealing and lubrication methods of various bearings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is the overall structural schematic diagram of the lubrication and sealing test device provided by the embodiment of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 is the schematic diagram of replacing the sealing component and the lubrication component provided by the embodiment of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the labyrinth seal structure provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the clearance seal structure, spiral seal structure, and magnetic fluid seal structure provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the centrifugal seal structure, rotary shaft lip seal structure, and packing seal structure provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the grease lubrication structure or oil bath lubrication structure, splash lubrication structure, and oil supply lubrication structure provided by an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0026] The reference numerals therein include: operating platform 1, drive motor 2, rigid connecting member 3, test shaft 4, first sealing assembly 5, second sealing assembly 6, lubrication assembly 7, air pressure measurement system 8, rotational speed measurement and control system 9, temperature measurement and control system 10, bearing housing 11, bearing inner ring 12, bearing outer ring 13, limiting shaft shoulder 14, snap ring 15, first end cover 16, second end cover 17, first shaft-mounted part 18, second shaft-mounted part 19, third housing part 20, cavity 21, first locking nut 22, second locking nut 23, oil inlet channel 24, motor shaft 25. Detailed implementation manners

[0027] In the following, embodiments of the present utility model will be described with reference to the appended Figures 1-6 drawings. In the following description, the same modules are denoted by the same reference numerals. In the case of the same reference numerals, their names and functions are also the same. Therefore, their detailed descriptions will not be repeated.

[0028] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present utility model clearer and more understandable, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the appended Figures 1-6 drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present utility model and do not constitute a limitation to the present utility model.

[0029] A lubrication and sealing test device for an open bearing, as Figure 1 shown, includes a drive assembly, a test assembly, and a numerical control system, and further includes an operating platform 1. The drive assembly and the test assembly are both disposed on the operating platform 1, and the numerical control system is disposed on the side of the operating platform 1. The drive assembly includes a drive motor 2 and a motor shaft 25. The test assembly includes a test shaft 4 connected to the motor shaft 25. The test shaft 4 is of a hollow shaft structure, and the test shaft 4 and the motor shaft 25 are connected by a rigid connecting member 3.

[0030] At both ends of the test shaft 4, a first end cover 16 and a second end cover 17 are respectively provided. The bearing to be tested is installed on the test shaft 4. The bearing housing 11 of the bearing to be tested is connected between the first end cover 16 and the second end cover 17. A detachable sealing assembly one 5 and a detachable lubricating assembly 7 are also installed on the test shaft 4 and are respectively located on both sides of the bearing to be tested. The sealing assembly one 5 is located on the side close to the driving assembly. A sealing assembly two 6 is provided on the side of the lubricating assembly 7 away from the sealing assembly one 5. A detachable sealing assembly two 6 connected to the second end cover 17 is provided at one end of the lubricating assembly 7 away from the sealing assembly one 5. Different sealing assemblies one 5, sealing assemblies two 6 and lubricating assemblies 7 can be installed for testing until the best lubricating assembly 7 and the best sealing assembly are selected, and then the structures of the best lubricating assembly 7 and the best sealing assembly are optimized.

[0031] As Figure 1 shown, the bearing to be tested includes a bearing body located in the bearing housing 11. The bearing body includes a bearing inner ring 12 and a bearing outer ring 13. The bearing outer ring 13 is installed in the bearing housing 11, and the bearing inner ring 12 is installed on the test shaft 4. A limiting shoulder 14 is provided on the test shaft 4. The sealing assembly one 5 includes a shaft part one 18. The shaft part one 18 and the bearing inner ring 12 are respectively limited at the axial two ends of the limiting shoulder 14. An elastic retaining ring 15 abutting against the end of the bearing outer ring 13 is connected to the bearing housing 11. The limiting shoulder 14 and the elastic retaining ring 15 are respectively located on both sides of the bearing body, and the bearing inner ring 12 and the bearing outer ring 13 are limited by the limiting shoulder 14 and the elastic retaining ring 15 respectively.

[0032] The sealing assembly one 5 further includes a housing part one. The housing part one is installed on the bearing housing 11. The first end cover 16 is located above the shaft part one 18. The housing part one is pressed in the first end cover 16. An external thread one is provided on the test shaft 4 and is located at the end of the shaft part one 18 away from the limiting shoulder 14. A locking nut one 22 is threadedly connected to the external thread one. The shaft part one 18 is locked by the locking nut one 22. At the same time, the first end cover 16 and the bearing housing 11, the second end cover 17 and the bearing housing 11, and the housing part three 20 and the bearing housing 11 are all connected by bolts.

[0033] As Figure 1As shown, the lubrication assembly 7 includes the second shaft-mounted part 19, which is installed on the test shaft 4 and located at one end of the inner ring 12 of the bearing away from the limit shoulder 14. The test shaft 4 is provided with a second external thread, which is located at one end of the second shaft-mounted part 19 close to the housing part three 20. A screw is provided on the second external thread. The first locking nut 22 and the second locking nut 23 can jointly lock the lubrication assembly 7, the first sealing assembly and the bearing to be tested. The second sealing assembly 6 includes the housing part three 20, which is connected to the second end cover 17. The first end cover 16, the second end cover 17, the lubrication assembly 7, the second sealing assembly 6, the first sealing assembly 5, the test shaft 4 and the bearing housing 11 jointly enclose the cavity 21 of the lubrication and sealing test device. There is Figure 1 the lubricating oil shown at location a in

[0034] The first housing part of the first sealing assembly 5 and the housing part three 20 of the second sealing assembly 6 are both coaxially arranged with the test shaft 4 and the motor shaft 25. When the lubrication assembly 7 has a second housing part, the second housing part is also coaxially arranged with the test shaft 4 and the motor shaft 25. At the same time, the first shaft-mounted part 18 and the second shaft-mounted part 19 are also coaxially arranged with the test shaft 4 and the motor shaft 25.

[0035] As Figure 1 shown, the numerical control system includes a pneumatic measurement system 8, a rotational speed measurement and control system 9 and a temperature measurement and control system 10. Temperature measurement points and pneumatic measurement points connected to the numerical control system are provided at the lubrication assembly 7. Temperature measurement points connected to the numerical control system are provided at the bearing to be tested. Specifically, a pneumatic measurement point is provided in the cavity 21 of the lubrication and sealing test device, and the pneumatic measurement system 8 is connected to the pneumatic measurement point. A temperature measurement point is provided in the cavity 21 of the lubrication and sealing test device, a temperature measurement point is provided on the bearing body, the temperature measurement and control system 10 is connected to each temperature measurement point, a rotational speed measurement point is provided on the motor shaft 25 or the test shaft 4, and the rotational speed measurement and control system 9 is connected to the rotational speed measurement point.

[0036] As Figure 1 shown, a temperature sensor is respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the outer ring 13 of the bearing. The setting position of the temperature sensor on the lower side of the outer ring 13 of the bearing is as shown at location j in Figure 1 The setting position of the temperature sensor on the upper side of the outer ring 13 of the bearing is not shown. A temperature sensor is arranged in the cavity 21 of the lubrication and sealing test device, and the temperature sensor is located in the lower part of the cavity 21, that is, in the lubricating oil to measure the oil temperature. A temperature sensor is arranged in the external environment of the lubrication and sealing test device. A pneumatic sensor is arranged in the cavity 21 of the lubrication and sealing test device. The setting position of the pneumatic sensor is as shown in Figure 1As shown in Figure k, the air pressure sensor is located at the upper part of the cavity 21 to avoid contact with the lubricating oil as much as possible and avoid oil throwing during operation. At the same time, if the sealing method is a contact seal of an oil seal or a packing, a temperature measuring point needs to be arranged at the oil seal or the packing. At the same time, the measuring point of the speed measurement and control system 9 can be arranged on the test shaft, and the speed signal can also be derived from the motor. The measuring point in this embodiment is set at Figure 1 The motor shaft shown at m can be Figure 1 The speed signal is derived at point m.

[0037] When in use, first select the best lubrication component and the best sealing component through tests, then install the bearing to be tested, the lubrication component 7 and the sealing component on the lubrication and sealing test device in sequence, then prepare the lubrication medium, weigh and record the weight, and then fill the lubrication medium into the cavity 21 of the lubrication and sealing test device according to the requirements of relevant design or process documents, set temperature measuring points at the bearing to be tested, in the cavity 21 of the lubrication and sealing test device, and in the external environment of the lubrication and sealing test device, and set an air pressure measuring point in the cavity 21 of the lubrication and sealing test device.

[0038] Then start the lubrication and sealing test device for testing, stop the device after all speed gears have been operated, and record relevant data. During the test, increase the speed of the lubrication and sealing test device by increasing the speed in stages, and continue to operate in each speed stage until the bearing temperature rise is stable before increasing the speed. After all speed gears have been operated, stop the device and record relevant data. Draw speed-temperature rise change and speed-air pressure change curves, and weigh the lubricating medium. During the test, the temperature rise change is required to be no more than 2°C within 1 hour. During the test, if the outer ring temperature of the bearing to be tested exceeds 120°C, it is unqualified, or if the air pressure fluctuates violently when the speed is stable, it is unqualified, or if there is obvious leakage of lubricating medium, or if there is abnormal damage to the bearing to be tested, sealing component, and lubrication component 7, it is unqualified.

[0039] Then replace different seal components and lubrication components 7, and retest the bearing to be tested according to the above steps. The replacement process of the seal component and lubrication component 7 is as follows: Remove Figure 2For the second end cover 17 and the housing part three 20 in a), loosen the lock nut two 23 on the test shaft 4, remove the oil slinger, separate the test shaft 4 from the rigid connecting piece 3, separate the bearing housing 11 from the operating platform 1, loosen the first end cover 16, remove the oil seal, the oil seal bushing, and the snap ring for hole 15, and finally remove the oil seal shaft sleeve to complete the disassembly of all components. Taking the smooth labyrinth seal shaft sleeve as an example, when replacing components, first install the smooth labyrinth seal shaft sleeve one, i.e., the seal component one 5, on the left side of the test shaft 4, then lock the lock nut one 22, install the left grease storage cover on the left side of the bearing housing 11, press it with the first end cover 16, connect the test shaft 4 with the rigid connecting piece 3, fix the bearing housing 11 on the operating platform 1, and successively install the right grease storage cover and the smooth labyrinth seal shaft sleeve two, i.e., the seal component two 6, install the lock nut two 23, and install the second end cover 17 to complete the replacement of all components. The test device is from appendix Figure 2 The "oil slinger lubrication + oil seal sealing + transparent observation" structure in a) is changed to appendix Figure 2 The "grease lubrication + smooth labyrinth seal" structure in b), in a), M indicates lubricating oil, and in b), N indicates grease. Both the right grease storage cover and the left grease storage cover are housing parts of the seal component.

[0040] Then compare the test data obtained by using different lubrication components 7 and different seal components, and select the one with low bearing temperature rise and no lubricant leakage as the best lubrication component 7 and the best seal component. Finally, further optimize the part dimensions of the best lubrication component 7 and the best seal component.

[0041] The shaft parts of the detachable and replaceable seal component should have an annular groove structure for easy disassembly using a claw. The combination of the housing part of the seal component and the shaft part of the seal component can form various seal structures such as labyrinth seal, clearance seal, spiral seal, magnetohydrodynamic seal, centrifugal seal, oil seal, and packing seal. Specifically as follows:

[0042] 1) When both the housing part and the shaft part of the seal component are of a labyrinth structure, a labyrinth seal is formed when there are several annular seal tooth structures arranged in sequence around the rotating shaft, including but not limited to seal forms that can be defined as labyrinth seals such as smooth type, zigzag type, stepped type, honeycomb type, and composite type, as Figure 3 shown in a) of the appendix, where a1) is a smooth labyrinth seal, a2) is a zigzag labyrinth seal, a3) is a stepped labyrinth seal, a4) is a honeycomb labyrinth seal, where z indicates the housing part one, and A is the schematic diagram shown in the A direction in figure a4);

[0043] 2) When there is a small gap between the housing part and the shaft part of the seal component, a clearance seal is formed, as Figure 4 shown in b) of the appendix;

[0044] 3) When spiral grooves are machined on the outer diameter surface of the shaft parts of the sealing assembly, a spiral seal is formed, as shown in Figure 4 c) in the figure, where the spiral groove is shown as y;

[0045] 4) When the housing part of the sealing assembly is a non-magnetic outer shell, a permanent magnet, and a magnetic pole, the shaft part is a magnetic conductive bushing, and the sealing medium is a magnetic fluid, a magnetohydrodynamic seal is formed, as shown in Figure 4 d) in the figure, where the non-magnetic outer shell is shown as o, the magnetic pole is shown as p, the permanent magnet is shown as q, the magnetic fluid is shown as r, and the magnetic conductive bushing is shown as s;

[0046] 5) When the housing part of the sealing assembly has a return hole and the shaft part has an oil slinger or an annular structure, a centrifugal seal is formed, as shown in Figure 5 e) in the figure, where the oil slinging structure is shown as t and the return hole is shown as u;

[0047] 6) When a rotary shaft lip seal is installed on the housing part of the sealing assembly and a high-precision bushing is installed on the shaft part, a rotary shaft lip seal is formed, as shown in Figure 5 f) in the figure, where the oil seal is shown as v;

[0048] 7) When the housing part of the sealing assembly is a stuffing box and packing, and the shaft part is a bushing or a smooth shaft, a packing seal is formed, as shown in Figure 5 g) in the figure, where the stuffing box structure is shown as w, the packing is shown as h, and the bushing is shown as i.

[0049] The lubrication assembly 7 is composed of the second housing part of the lubrication assembly 7 and the second shaft part 19 of the lubrication assembly 7 (but when splash lubrication is used, the second housing part of the lubrication assembly 7 is not made separately, and there is an oil inlet passage 24 shown in the bearing housing 11); when oil injection lubrication is used, there is no oil slinger, there is a second housing part (a bushing with an oil nozzle and an oil passage), and it is pressed by the second end cover 17. Figure 2 As shown in the figure); when oil injection lubrication is used, there is no oil slinger, there is a second housing part (a bushing with an oil nozzle and an oil passage), and it is pressed by the second end cover 17.

[0050] The combination of the second housing part of the lubrication assembly 7 and the second shaft part 19 of the lubrication assembly 7 can form various lubrication methods such as grease lubrication, oil bath lubrication, splash lubrication, and oil injection lubrication (oil mist or oil-gas lubrication). Specifically as follows:

[0051] 1) When the second housing part of the lubrication assembly 7 and the second shaft part 19 are not installed, lubricating grease or lubricating oil is filled in the cavity to form grease lubrication or oil bath lubrication, as shown in Figure 6 a) in the figure);

[0052] 2) When the shaft part of the lubrication assembly 7 is an oil slinger or other oil-stirring structure, splash lubrication is formed, as shown in the appendix Figure 6 b) in the figure);

[0053] 3) When the second housing part of the lubrication assembly 7 has an oil drip nozzle, an oil injection nozzle, an oil supply hole or other structures capable of actively supplying oil, it constitutes oil drip lubrication, oil injection lubrication or oil mist / oil-gas lubrication, such as Figure 6 shown in c of

[0054] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

[0055] The above specific embodiments of the present invention do not constitute a limitation to the protection scope of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and deformations made according to the technical concept of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lubrication and sealing test device for an open bearing, characterized in that: The invention comprises a driving component, a testing component and a numerical control system, wherein the driving component comprises a driving motor (2) and a motor shaft (25), and the testing component comprises a testing shaft (4) connected to the motor shaft (25); a first end cover (16) and a second end cover (17) are respectively provided at two ends of the testing shaft (4); a bearing to be tested is mounted on the testing shaft (4) and a bearing seat (11) of the bearing to be tested is connected between the first end cover (16) and the second end cover (17); a detachable sealing component (5) and a detachable lubrication component (7) are also mounted on the testing shaft (4) and are respectively located on two sides of the bearing to be tested; a detachable sealing component (6) connected to the second end cover (17) is provided at one end of the lubrication component (7) away from the sealing component (5); a temperature measuring point and an air pressure measuring point connected to the numerical control system are provided at the lubrication component (7), and a temperature measuring point connected to the numerical control system is provided at the bearing to be tested.

2. The lubrication and sealing test device for open bearings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bearing to be tested comprises a bearing body located in a bearing seat (11), the bearing body comprising a bearing inner ring (12) and a bearing outer ring (13), the bearing outer ring (13) being installed in the bearing seat (11), and the bearing inner ring (12) being installed on a test shaft (4); a limiting shoulder (14) is provided on the test shaft (4), and a sealing assembly (5) comprises an on-shaft part (18), and the on-shaft part (18) and the bearing inner ring (12) are respectively limited at two axial ends of the limiting shoulder (14).

3. The lubrication and sealing test device for open bearings according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bearing seat (11) is connected to an elastic retaining ring (15) which abuts against the end of the bearing outer ring (13); the limiting shaft shoulder (14) and the elastic retaining ring (15) are respectively located on both sides of the bearing body; the bearing inner ring (12) and the bearing outer ring (13) are respectively limited by the limiting shaft shoulder (14) and the elastic retaining ring (15).

4. The lubrication and sealing test device for open bearings according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lubrication assembly (7) comprises an on-shaft part 2 (19), which is mounted on the test shaft (4) and located at an end of the bearing inner ring (12) away from the limiting shoulder (14); the sealing assembly (6) comprises a housing part 3 (20), which is connected to the second end cover (17).

5. The lubrication and sealing test device for open bearings according to claim 4, characterized in that: The test shaft (4) is provided with an external thread 1 and an external thread 2; the external thread 1 is located at an end of the shaft part 1 (18) away from the limiting shoulder (14), and a locking nut 1 (22) is threadedly connected to the external thread 1, and the shaft part 1 (18) is locked by the locking nut 1 (22); the external thread 2 is located at an end of the shaft part 2 (19) close to the housing part 3 (20), and a locking nut 2 (23) is threadedly connected to the external thread 2, and the shaft part 2 (19) is locked by the locking nut 2 (23).

6. The lubrication and sealing test device for open bearings according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also comprises an operating platform (1), on which the drive assembly and the test assembly are both arranged; the numerical control system is arranged on the side of the operating platform (1), and the numerical control system comprises an air pressure measurement system (8), a rotation speed measurement and control system (9), and a temperature measurement and control system (10).

7. The lubrication and sealing test device for open bearings according to claim 6, characterized in that: An air pressure measuring point is provided in the cavity (21) of the lubrication sealing test device, and the air pressure measuring system (8) is connected to the air pressure measuring point; a temperature measuring point is provided in the cavity (21) of the lubrication sealing test device, a temperature measuring point is provided on the bearing body, and the temperature measurement and control system (10) is connected to each temperature measurement point; a speed measuring point is provided on the motor shaft (25) or the test shaft (4), and the speed measurement and control system (9) is connected to the speed measurement point.

8. The lubrication and sealing test device for open bearings according to claim 7, characterized in that: The on-shaft part one (18), the on-shaft part two (19), and the housing part three (20) are all coaxially arranged with the motor shaft (25) and the test shaft (4).

9. The lubrication and sealing test device for open bearings according to claim 8, characterized in that: The first end cover (16) and the bearing seat (11), the second end cover (17) and the bearing seat (11), and the housing part three (20) and the bearing seat (11) are all connected via bolts.

10. The lubrication and sealing test device for open bearings according to claim 9, characterized in that: The test shaft (4) is a hollow shaft structure; the test shaft (4) and the motor shaft (25) are connected via a rigid connecting piece (3).

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