Biogeochemical cycle experiment device for nitrogen in water-containing medium

Abstract

The utility model discloses a biogeochemical cycle experiment device for nitrogen in a water-containing medium, which comprises a cylinder body, a plurality of samplers, a first filling layer, a water injection component and the like, before use, after the first filling layer is filled in the cylinder body, the first filling layer is positioned in a light-proof section, so that the underground dark environment is simulated; during use, the water injection assembly is used for injecting irrigation water into the water inlet, the water gradually flows through the first filling layer and then is discharged from the water outlet in the lower portion of the barrel, and therefore the underground environment containing the microorganisms is well simulated. A user obtains water near the sampling holes at different heights as samples through the samplers at the sampling holes, so that soil solutions in soil at different depths in a real bottom layer are simulated and collected, and the sampling holes can be used for sampling soil on the premise of simulating the microbial environment of the real soil layer. The concentration of the nitrogen-containing compound to be detected in the water-containing media with different depths and the nitrogen conversion function gene parameters are researched.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of laboratory groundwater microbiology research, and specifically relates to an experimental device for the biogeochemical cycle of nitrogen in an aqueous medium. Background Art

[0002] Nitrogen is not only an essential element for crop growth, but also an important driving factor for increasing its yield. At the same time, it is also one of the main substances causing water environmental pollution. Nitrogen will enter the groundwater through the aqueous medium. The aqueous medium is the main channel for substances to enter the groundwater. This medium contains colloids that can adsorb a large amount of pollutants. In the aqueous medium environment, nitrogen has high solubility and high mobility, and is involved in complex biogeochemical cycle processes. Once the groundwater is polluted, it is very difficult to treat.

[0003] Therefore, there is a series of existing technologies for studying the migration law of nitrogen. Common research and experimental technologies use soil columns as experimental devices. In the existing technology, the medium filled in the soil column device for studying nitrogen transformation is mostly vadose zone soil, and finally experimental leaching samples are obtained from the water outlet.

[0004] However, in this type of technology, the impact of microorganisms existing at different depths in reality on the aqueous medium is ignored. There is a lack of a technology that involves nitrogen functional genes and sampling of soil solutions at different layers, and it cannot well simulate the influencing factors of microorganisms existing in the real environment on nitrogen migration. Content of the Utility Model

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the problems in the existing technology and provide an experimental device for the biogeochemical cycle of nitrogen in an aqueous medium, including:

[0006] A cylinder body, the upper part of the cylinder body has a water inlet, the lower part has a water outlet, the middle part of the cylinder body includes a light-tight section, and the cylinder body is provided with a plurality of sampling holes on the light-tight section. Each sampling hole is arranged at equal intervals in the vertical direction;

[0007] A plurality of samplers, one sampler corresponds to one sampling hole, and the sampler is arranged at the sampling hole corresponding to it;

[0008] A first filling layer, including an aqueous medium, is filled inside the cylinder body, and the first filling layer is located in the light-tight section;

[0009] A water injection assembly, the water injection assembly has a drainage end, the drainage end faces the water inlet, and the water injection assembly discharges water from the drainage end and injects it into the inside of the cylinder body through the water inlet.

[0010] Furthermore, the caliber of the water inlet is the same as the inner diameter of the cylinder cavity of the cylinder body, and the drainage end is a spray head structure, and water is injected towards the water inlet in a spray form.

[0011] Further, a second filling layer is also filled inside the cylinder body. The second filling layer is located above the first filling layer and includes quartz sand.

[0012] Further, a third filling layer is also filled inside the cylinder body. The third filling layer is located below the first filling layer and includes quartz sand and gravel.

[0013] Further, two orifice plates are also included. The orifice plates have a number of through holes, and each orifice plate is horizontally connected inside the cylinder body. One orifice plate is located above the second filling layer, and the other orifice plate is located below the third filling layer.

[0014] Further, both the orifice plates and the cylinder body are made of PVC material.

[0015] Further, the water injection assembly further includes: a water tank and a peristaltic pump. The peristaltic pump is connected between the water tank and the drainage end.

[0016] Further, a control assembly is also included. The control assembly is used to control the opening / closing of the peristaltic pump and the operating rate of the peristaltic pump.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows: Before use, after the first filling layer is filled inside the cylinder body, since the first filling layer is located in the light-blocking section, it thus simulates the underground dark environment to meet the requirements for the growth and metabolism of microorganisms in the first filling layer, thereby well simulating the underground environment containing microorganisms and meeting the requirements for the growth and metabolism of microorganisms. During use, the drainage end of the water injection assembly is used to inject irrigation water towards the water inlet. The water enters from the water inlet at the top of the cylinder body and flows downward under the influence of gravity, gradually flowing through the first filling layer and then discharging from the water outlet at the lower part of the cylinder body. During this process, the water flowing through the first filling layer from top to bottom in the cylinder body will pass through sampling holes at various different heights. The user obtains the water near the sampling holes as samples through the sampling devices at the sampling holes. At this time, the water samples obtained at the sampling devices at different heights are used to simulate the soil solution in the soil at different depths in the real bottom layer. Thus, it is possible to study the concentration of nitrogen-containing compounds to be detected and the parameters of nitrogen transformation functional genes in water-containing media at different depths on the premise of simulating the microbial environment of the real soil layer. Description of the Drawings

[0018] Figure 1 It is a front view schematic diagram of the overall structure of one of the embodiments;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a top view schematic diagram of the detailed structure of one of the embodiments;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a front view schematic diagram of the detailed structure of one of the embodiments.

[0021] Description of the Reference Numerals:

[0022] 1. Cylinder body; 11. Light-tight section; 2. Sampler; 21. Sampling head; 22. Sampling pipe; 23. Sealing interface; 24. Vacuum pipe; 3. First filling layer; 4. Water injection assembly; 41. Drainage end; 42. Water tank; 43. Peristaltic pump; 5. Second filling layer; 6. Third filling layer; 7. Orifice plate. Specific embodiments

[0023] The following will describe the specific embodiments of the present invention in detail, but it should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0024] The present invention provides an experimental device for the biogeochemical cycle of nitrogen in an aqueous medium, including: a cylinder body 1, a plurality of samplers 2, a first filling layer 3, a water injection assembly 4, etc. The upper part of the cylinder body 1 has a water inlet, and the lower part has a water outlet. The middle part of the cylinder body 1 includes a light-tight section 11. A plurality of sampling holes are opened on the cylinder body 1 at the light-tight section 11, and the sampling holes are arranged at equal intervals in the vertical direction; one sampler 2 corresponds to one sampling hole, and the sampler 2 is arranged at the corresponding sampling hole; the first filling layer 3 includes an aqueous medium and is filled inside the cylinder body 1, and the first filling layer 3 is located in the light-tight section 11; the water injection assembly 4 has a drainage end 41, and the drainage end 41 faces the water inlet. The water injection assembly 4 discharges water from the drainage end 41 and injects it into the inside of the cylinder body 1 through the water inlet.

[0025] Specifically, before use, after the first filling layer 3 is filled inside the cylinder body 1, since the first filling layer 3 is located in the light-tight section 11 and includes an aqueous medium, it thus simulates the underground dark environment to meet the growth and metabolism requirements of microorganisms in the first filling layer 3, thereby well simulating the underground environment containing microorganisms. During use, the drainage end 41 of the water injection assembly 4 is used to inject irrigation water facing the water inlet. The water enters from the water inlet at the top of the cylinder body 1 and flows downward under the influence of gravity, gradually flowing through the first filling layer 3 and then discharging from the water outlet at the lower part of the cylinder body 1. During this process, the water flowing through the first filling layer 3 from top to bottom in the cylinder body 1 will pass through the sampling holes at different heights. The user obtains the water near the sampling hole as a sample through each sampler 2 at the sampling hole. At this time, the water samples obtained at different heights of the sampler 2 are used to simulate the soil solution in the soil at different depths in the real bottom layer. Thus, on the premise of simulating the microbial environment of the real soil layer, the NO 3 - 、NO 2 - 、NH 4 + concentration and nitrogen transformation functional gene parameters can be studied.

[0026] An aqueous medium is a place where groundwater migrates and stores with the aqueous medium as the carrier. In this embodiment, according to the depth of groundwater burial in the study area, the distance of the aqueous medium from the ground is judged, and then the aqueous medium is collected and filled into the light-tight section 11 as the first filling layer 3.

[0027] In another embodiment, the composition of the aqueous medium in a certain study area can also be obtained through preliminary data collection, and then the personnel can mix the soil with the same composition by themselves as the aqueous medium and fill it into the light-tight section 11 for experiments.

[0028] In each embodiment, the sampler 2 belongs to the prior art for sampling soil solution. In this embodiment, a Rhizon soil solution sampler is used, model: Rhizon-N; place of origin: Netherlands; pore diameter 0.15um, diameter 2.5mm, sampling head length 5cm, including a sampling head 21, a sampling tube 22, a sealing interface 23 or a vacuum tube 24 connected in sequence. The sampler 2 penetrates through the sampling hole on the side of the cylinder 1, and its sampling head 21 is buried in the first filling layer 3 of the cylinder 1 through the sampling hole. When not sampling, its sampling tube 22 is connected to the sealing cover 23; when sampling, the sealing cover 23 is removed, and the interface of the sampling tube 22 is connected to the vacuum tube 24, and the solution in the soil will flow into the sampling tube 22.

[0029] Furthermore, in order to further optimize the simulation degree of the actual microbial soil layer, it is necessary to consider the uniformity of water injection at the water inlet of the drainage end 41. Therefore, the form of spraying is considered for water injection, and the diameter of the water inlet is the same as the inner diameter of the cylinder cavity of the cylinder 1. The drainage end 41 is a nozzle structure, and water is injected into the water inlet in the form of spraying, so as to improve the water injection uniformity and prevent excessive water pressure from causing excessive erosion to the first filling layer 3.

[0030] Furthermore, in order to further prevent the possible flow and deformation of the aqueous medium when the first filling layer 3 is eroded by water flow, a second filling layer 5 is also filled in the cylinder 1. The second filling layer 5 is located above the first filling layer 3, and the second filling layer 5 includes quartz sand. The water flow discharged from the drainage end 41 will directly contact the second filling layer, and after being buffered and blocked by the quartz sand in the second filling layer 5, it will flow downward into the first filling layer 3 at a smaller speed. And because quartz sand is selected as the main component of the second filling layer 5, no dissolution of excess substances will occur under the erosion of water flow, avoiding the influence on sampling.

[0031] Furthermore, a third filling layer 6 is also filled in the cylinder body 1. The third filling layer 6 is located below the first filling layer 3 and includes quartz sand and gravel. Through the above arrangement, the existence of the third filling layer 6 can well support the lower part of the first filling layer 3, and the filling layer formed by the quartz sand and gravel can reduce the loss of the water-containing medium in the first filling layer 3 flowing downward along with the water flow, and the quartz sand and gravel in the third filling layer 6 can simultaneously allow the water in the cylinder body 1 to continue to flow downward and flow out from the water outlet.

[0032] Furthermore, when the second filling layer 5 and the third filling layer 6 are provided, although the stability of the first filling layer 3 is ensured and the loss of the water-containing medium in the first filling layer 3 is prevented, due to the mobility of the quartz sand and gravel in the second filling layer 5 and the third filling layer 6, internal material loss will also occur in the second filling layer 5 and the third filling layer 6 during long-term use. Therefore, additional structures are needed to support the second filling layer 5 and the third filling layer 6 and enable the circulation of liquid substances. Therefore, two perforated plates 7 are also included. The perforated plates 7 have a number of through holes. Each perforated plate 7 is horizontally connected inside the cylinder body 1. One perforated plate 7 is located above the second filling layer 5, and the other perforated plate 7 is located below the third filling layer 6. The two perforated plates 7 limit and support the positions of the first filling layer 3, the second filling layer 5, and the third filling layer 6 from the upper and lower directions, stabilize their positions, prevent the leaching loss of the internal substances therein, and at the same time the existence of the through holes ensures the circulation of water. In each embodiment, it is necessary to select the aperture of the through hole so that its aperture is smaller than the particle size of the quartz sand and gravel in the second filling layer 5 and the third filling layer 6.

[0033] In this embodiment, in order to prevent the finer substances in the first filling layer 3 from leaching and flowing to the perforated plate 6 compared with the second filling layer 5 and the third filling layer 6, additionally, a filter cloth is placed between the perforated plate 6 located below the third filling layer 6 and the third filling layer 6.

[0034] Furthermore, in view of the need to observe the part other than the light-tight section, the perforated plate 7 and the cylinder body 1 are made of a transparent material. And because they are in contact with the soil and soil solution, the corrosion resistance needs to be considered. Therefore, in this embodiment, both the perforated plate 7 and the cylinder body 1 are made of PVC material, which meets the above requirements and has a relatively low cost.

[0035] In another embodiment, in order to obtain better transparency and anti-deformation degree while meeting the above requirements, both the perforated plate 7 and the cylinder body 1 are made of plexiglass material, but the cost is higher than that of PVC material.

[0036] Further, in order to set and stabilize the water flow rate through the first filling layer 3 according to different experimental and research requirements, the water injection assembly 4 further includes: a water tank 42 and a peristaltic pump 43. The peristaltic pump 43 is connected between the water tank 42 and the drainage end 41. The peristaltic pump 43 can stabilize the water flow rate, ensure the accuracy of experimental data, and reduce errors.

[0037] Further, a control assembly is further included. The control assembly is used to control the on / off of the peristaltic pump 43 and the operating rate of the peristaltic pump 43.

[0038] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it is understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A biogeochemical cycle experimental device for nitrogen in an aqueous medium, characterized in that: include: A cylinder (1), wherein the upper portion of the cylinder (1) has a water inlet, the lower portion has a water outlet, the middle portion of the cylinder (1) comprises a light-proof section (11), the cylinder (1) is provided with a plurality of sampling holes on the light-proof section (11), and the sampling holes are arranged at equal intervals in the vertical direction; A plurality of samplers (2), one sampler (2) corresponds to one sampling hole, and the sampler (2) is arranged at the corresponding sampling hole; A first filling layer (3), comprising an aqueous medium, is filled inside the cylinder (1), and the first filling layer (3) is located in the light-proof section (11); A water injection assembly (4), wherein the water injection assembly (4) has a drainage end (41), the drainage end (41) faces the water inlet, and the water injection assembly (4) discharges water from the drainage end (41) and injects the water into the interior of the cylinder (1) through the water inlet.

2. The biogeochemical cycle experimental device of nitrogen in aqueous medium according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the water inlet is consistent with the inner diameter of the cylinder cavity of the cylinder (1), and the drainage end (41) is a nozzle structure, which injects water into the water inlet in the form of spraying.

3. The biogeochemical cycle experimental device of nitrogen in aqueous medium according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylinder (1) is also filled with a second filling layer (5), the second filling layer (5) is located on the upper part of the first filling layer (3), and the second filling layer (5) comprises quartz sand.

4. The biogeochemical cycle experimental device of nitrogen in aqueous medium according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cylinder (1) is also filled with a third filling layer (6), the third filling layer (6) is located below the first filling layer (3), and the third filling layer (6) comprises quartz sand and gravel.

5. The biogeochemical cycle experimental device of nitrogen in aqueous medium according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also comprises two perforated plates (7) each having a plurality of through holes. Each perforated plate (7) is horizontally connected to the interior of the cylinder (1). One perforated plate (7) is located above the second filling layer (5), and the other perforated plate (7) is located below the third filling layer (6) and is covered with filter cloth.

6. The biogeochemical cycle experimental device of nitrogen in aqueous medium according to claim 5, characterized in that: The orifice plate (7) and the cylinder (1) are both made of PVC material.

7. The biogeochemical cycle experimental device of nitrogen in aqueous medium according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water injection assembly (4) further comprises: a water tank (42) and a peristaltic pump (43); the peristaltic pump (43) is connected between the water tank (42) and the drainage end (41).

8. The biogeochemical cycle experimental device of nitrogen in aqueous medium according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a control component, which is used to control the on / off of the peristaltic pump (43) and the operating speed of the peristaltic pump (43).

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