Wind shear monitoring system for yaw following type wind turbine generator

Abstract

The utility model discloses a yaw following type wind turbine generator wind shear monitoring system comprising a yaw driving assembly, a first laser radar and a second laser radar, the yaw driving assembly is installed on a tower of a wind turbine generator, the first laser radar is installed on the yaw driving assembly, and the second laser radar is installed on the tower of the wind turbine generator. The height position of the first laser radar is lower than the lowest point of a wind wheel of the wind turbine generator, the first laser radar is located in front of the wind wheel, and the first laser radar is used for monitoring the wind speed between the lowest point and the highest point of the wind wheel; the second laser radar is installed in a cabin of the wind turbine generator and located behind the wind wheel, the second laser radar is used for monitoring the wind speed at the position with the preset distance in front of the wind wheel, and the wind shear condition in front of the wind wheel can be effectively measured through the first laser radar and the second laser radar; in addition, the main system can start an independent variable pitch function or shut down for operation, so that the tower sweeping risk is avoided, and the operation safety of the wind turbine generator can be effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of wind power generation, in particular to a yaw-following type wind turbine wind shear monitoring system. Background Art

[0002] As traditional energy sources are becoming increasingly depleted, new energy sources are gradually receiving attention and development. Among them, wind power generation technology is a technology that uses wind energy to generate electricity. Since wind power generation is greatly affected by the environment, how to ensure the operational stability and safety of wind power generation has always been a concern for people.

[0003] Among the existing wind turbine accidents, the most common one is the wind turbine blade sweeping tower accident, which is mainly caused by excessive wind shear or excessive bending moment.

[0004] Therefore, how to improve the safety of wind turbine operation is a technical problem that those skilled in the art currently need to solve. Utility Model Content

[0005] The utility model aims to provide a yaw-following wind turbine wind shear monitoring system, which can effectively improve the safety of wind turbine operation.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A yaw-following wind turbine wind shear monitoring system comprises: a yawable drive component, a first laser radar and a second laser radar, wherein the yawable drive component is installed on the tower of the wind turbine, the first laser radar is installed on the yawable drive component, the height position of the first laser radar is lower than the lowest point of a wind rotor of the wind turbine, and the first laser radar is located in front of the wind rotor, and the first laser radar is used to monitor the wind speed between the lowest point and the highest point of the wind rotor; the second laser radar is installed in the cabin of the wind turbine and is located behind the wind rotor, and the second laser radar is used to monitor the wind speed at a preset distance in front of the wind rotor.

[0008] In some embodiments, the yawable drive assembly includes a yaw platform, a yaw motor, a yaw outer gear ring and a yaw gear. The yaw platform is rotatably mounted on the tower, the inner ring of the yaw outer gear ring is fixedly connected to the tower, the yaw motor is installed on the yaw platform, the yaw gear is installed on the output shaft of the yaw motor, and the yaw gear is meshed with the yaw outer gear ring.

[0009] In some embodiments, one side of the yaw platform is provided with an extension portion extending toward the front of the wind wheel, and the first laser radar is arranged on the extension portion.

[0010] In some embodiments, the yaw outer gear ring is located below the yaw platform, a motor mounting hole is provided on the yaw platform, the output shaft of the yaw motor extends downward through the motor mounting hole, and the yaw gear is installed at one end of the output shaft extending from the yaw platform.

[0011] In some embodiments, the yaw platform is rotatably connected to the tower via a four-point contact ball bearing.

[0012] In some embodiments, the extension portion gradually decreases in width from an end where the yaw platform is sleeved on the tower to an end of the yaw platform away from the end where the yaw platform is connected to the tower.

[0013] In some embodiments, an annular guide rail is disposed on the upper end surface of the yaw outer gear ring, and an annular groove cooperating with the annular guide rail is disposed on the bottom of the yaw platform.

[0014] In some embodiments, the yaw outer gear ring includes a plurality of fan-shaped outer gear blocks distributed along the circumferential direction, and the plurality of fan-shaped outer gear blocks are detachably connected to the tower; the yaw platform includes a plurality of support plates, and the plurality of support plates are detachably connected and can form an annular structure mounted on the tower.

[0015] In some embodiments, the outer circumference of the tower gradually expands from top to bottom, and the yaw platform is provided with a conical hole that cooperates with the outer circumference of the tower.

[0016] In some embodiments, the extension portion is provided with a plurality of fixing portions distributed along the front-to-back direction, and the first laser radar is selectively installed on one of the fixing portions.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the above technical solution has the following advantages:

[0018] The utility model provides a yaw-following type wind turbine wind shear monitoring system, wherein the height position of the first laser radar is lower than the lowest point of the wind rotor of the wind turbine, and the first laser radar is located in front of the wind rotor, and the first laser radar is used to monitor the wind speed between the lowest point and the highest point of the wind rotor; the second laser radar is installed in the nacelle of the wind turbine and is located behind the wind rotor, and the second laser radar is used to monitor the wind speed at a preset distance in front of the wind rotor, and the wind shear condition in front of the wind rotor can be effectively measured by the first laser radar and the second laser radar, and the main system of the wind turbine can receive the measurement data of the first laser radar and the second laser radar, and analyze and judge, and when the measurement data is abnormal, the main system can start the independent pitch function or shut down the operation to avoid the risk of tower sweeping, thereby effectively improving the operation safety of the wind turbine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a yaw-following wind turbine wind shear monitoring system provided by a specific implementation mode of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a top view of a yaw platform of a yaw-following wind turbine wind shear monitoring system provided in a specific implementation manner of the present invention.

[0022] The reference numerals are as follows:

[0023] 10-yaw drive assembly, 11-yaw platform, 111-extension portion, 112-motor mounting hole, 113-through hole, 12-yaw motor, 13-yaw outer gear ring, 14-yaw gear;

[0024] 20-First laser radar;

[0025] 30- second laser radar;

[0026] 40-tower, 41-wind rotor, 42-nacelle, 43-mechanical wind speed and direction instrument. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0028] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of a yaw-following wind turbine wind shear monitoring system provided in a specific implementation manner of the present invention.

[0029] A yaw-following wind turbine wind shear monitoring system provided by an embodiment of the utility model includes: a yawable drive component 10, a first laser radar 20 and a second laser radar 30, wherein the yawable drive component 10 is installed on the tower 40 of the wind turbine, the first laser radar 20 is installed on the yawable drive component 10, the height position of the first laser radar 20 is lower than the lowest point of the wind rotor 41 of the wind turbine, and the first laser radar 20 is located in front of the wind rotor 41, and the first laser radar 20 is used to monitor the wind speed between the lowest point and the highest point of the wind rotor 41, wherein the yawable drive component 10 can drive the first laser radar 20 to follow the main engine yaw of the wind turbine to ensure that the position of the first laser radar 20 is always located in front of the wind rotor 41 The second laser radar 30 is installed in the cabin 42 of the wind turbine and is located behind the wind rotor 41. In addition, a mechanical anemometer 43 is provided on the cabin 42 to measure the wind direction and wind speed of the environment in which the wind turbine is located. The second laser radar 30 is used to monitor the wind speed at a preset distance in front of the wind rotor 41. The first laser radar 20 and the second laser radar 30 can effectively measure the wind shear condition in front of the wind rotor 41. The main system of the wind turbine can receive the measurement data of the first laser radar 20 and the second laser radar 30, and analyze and judge. When the measurement data is abnormal, the main system can start the independent pitch function or shut down the operation to avoid the risk of tower sweeping, thereby effectively improving the operation safety of the wind turbine.

[0030] In a specific measurement scenario, the measurement range of the first laser radar 20 is as follows: Figure 1 As shown in the A area in the figure, in the specific working process, the first laser radar 20 sweeps the wind upwards, divides the wind speed into several height layers, and measures the wind speed changes in multiple height layers between the lowest height of the wind rotor 41 blades and the highest height of the wind rotor 41 blades. The real-time wind shear operating condition data of the wind rotor 41 will be completely measured. This data can not only be used for the research on the "equivalent wind speed of the wind rotor 41" of the wind turbine set, but also can be used for research in many directions such as wind energy utilization rate, wind turbine power curve calibration, wind turbine active control load reduction, wind farm group control optimization, etc.

[0031] The measurement range of the second laser radar 30 is as follows: Figure 1 As shown in the B area, the second laser radar 30 can effectively measure the wind speed on the surface of the wind rotor 41 400 meters in front of the wind rotor 41, but cannot cover the entire surface of the wind rotor 41. By coupling and extrapolating the measured results of the first laser radar 20 and the second laser radar 30, the wind speed and wind shear conditions on the surface of the wind rotor 41 400 meters in front of the wind rotor 41 can be obtained.

[0032] The first laser radar 20 preferably adopts a non-Doppler radar with a smaller beam angle, and the laser beam angle is preferably 10° to avoid the wind rotor 41 from blocking the laser beam; the second laser radar 30 is preferably a Doppler radar, and the laser beam axis angle is preferably 60°, sweeping the inflow wind speed 400 meters in front of the wind rotor 41. The main system can couple and extrapolate the actual measurement results of the two laser radars to obtain the wind speed and wind shear of the wind rotor 41 at 400 meters in front of the wind rotor 41. The coupling extrapolation range is as follows: Figure 1 As shown in area C.

[0033] In a specific application scenario, a digital twin system is established for single wind turbines and wind turbine farms, and a "simulated wind farm / wind turbine" is modeled in proportion while the wind farm / wind turbine is actually operating. The measured data is continuously input into the digital twin system, so that the "simulated power plant / wind turbine" continues to fit the actual wind farm operating conditions. The digital twin system can directly monitor the wind speed, wind direction and wind shear 400 meters in front of the wind rotor 41 obtained by coupling and extrapolation of the radar system. At the same time, the radar can also be used to monitor the parameter changes of wind speed, wind direction and wind shear from 400 meters in front of the wind rotor 41 to in front of the wind rotor 41. When the above parameters exceed the limit or change too quickly, and the change trend is abnormal, take action in advance.

[0034] When the first laser radar 20 detects that the bottom wind shear is large (or has a large change trend), the wind shear size (wind shear change rate) can be graded. For example, a two-level alarm can be set. When the first level alarm occurs, the control system starts the independent pitch function. When the blades rotate to the lowest point, the pitch is slightly changed to reduce the blade thrust, reduce the blade bending, and increase the clearance value. When the second level alarm occurs, the wind turbine is directly shut down to ensure the safety of the wind turbine and the blades, and completely avoid the risk of sweeping the tower due to excessive wind shear or excessive instantaneous wind shear change value.

[0035] In some embodiments, the yawable drive assembly 10 includes a yaw platform 11, a yaw motor 12, a yaw outer gear ring 13 and a yaw gear 14. The yaw platform 11 is rotatably mounted on the tower 40, wherein the yaw platform 11 is provided with a through hole 113 connected to the tower 40. Specifically, the yaw platform 11 can be rotatably connected to the tower 40 through a bearing, wherein the bearing preferably adopts a four-point contact ball bearing, the inner ring of the yaw outer gear ring 13 is fixed to the tower 40, the yaw motor 12 is installed on the yaw platform 11, and the yaw gear 14 is installed on the output shaft of the yaw motor 12, and the yaw gear 14 is meshed with the yaw outer gear ring 13. When the yaw motor 12 controls the output shaft to rotate, under the action of the yaw gear 14 and the yaw outer gear, the yaw platform 11 can be driven to rotate relative to the tower 40, that is, the first laser radar 20 can be driven to rotate relative to the tower 40. The encoder instructions of the yaw motor 12 are completely consistent with the encoder instructions of the cabin yaw motor of the main control system, thereby ensuring that the yaw motor 12 used to drive the first laser radar 20 to rotate follows the movement of the cabin yaw motor, so that the position of the first laser radar 20 can always be located in front of the wind wheel.

[0036] In some embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, one side of the yaw platform 11 is provided with an extension portion 111 extending toward the front of the wind wheel, and the first laser radar 20 is arranged on the extension portion 111. Figure 1 As shown, the yaw outer gear ring 13 is located below the yaw platform 11. The yaw platform 11 is provided with a motor mounting hole 112. The output shaft of the yaw motor 12 extends downward through the motor mounting hole 112. The yaw gear 14 is installed at one end of the output shaft extending from the yaw platform 11. Specifically, Figure 2 As shown, the width of the extension portion 111 gradually decreases from one end of the yaw platform 11 where the tower 40 is mounted to the end of the yaw platform 11 away from the tower 40. This structure can reduce the weight of the extension portion 111, thereby avoiding excessive bending deformation of the extension portion 111 due to the cantilever problem, thereby improving the supporting stability of the yaw platform 11 for the first laser radar 20.

[0037] In some embodiments, an annular guide rail is provided on the upper end surface of the yaw outer gear ring 13, and an annular groove cooperating with the annular guide rail is provided on the bottom of the yaw platform 11. When the yaw motor 12 drives the yaw gear 14 to rotate, the yaw platform 11 rotates under the restriction of the annular guide rail and the annular groove. Installing the yaw platform 11 on the yaw outer gear ring 13 can avoid excessive modification of the tower 40, thereby reducing the difficulty of installing the yaw platform 11.

[0038] In some embodiments, in order to facilitate the installation and maintenance of the yaw outer gear ring 13 and the yaw platform 11, the yaw outer gear ring 13 includes a plurality of fan-shaped outer gear blocks distributed in the circumferential direction, and the plurality of fan-shaped outer gear blocks are detachably connected to the tower 40. For example, during installation, the fan-shaped outer gear blocks can be connected to the outer peripheral surface of the tower 40 along the radial direction of the tower 40, wherein the plurality of fan-shaped outer gears are connected in sequence to form a complete yaw outer gear ring 13, which can be specifically connected by bolts; the yaw platform 11 includes a plurality of support plates, which can be detachably connected and can surround an annular structure sleeved on the tower 40, that is, the support plates can be installed and removed along the radial direction of the tower 40. When maintenance is required, the yaw outer gear ring 13 and the yaw platform 11 can be removed in the radial direction, so it has the advantages of convenient disassembly and maintenance.

[0039] In some embodiments, the outer circumference of the tower 40 gradually expands from top to bottom. For example, the outer circumference of the tower 40 is a conical structure that is small at the top and large at the bottom. The yaw platform 11 is provided with a conical hole that cooperates with the outer circumference of the tower 40. The conical hole can play an axial limiting role on the yaw platform 11, which is beneficial to improve the installation stability of the yaw platform 11.

[0040] In some embodiments, the extension portion 111 is provided with a plurality of fixing portions distributed along the front-to-back direction, and the first laser radar 20 is selectively installed on one of the fixing portions, wherein the fixing portion may be a connecting hole. For example, a plurality of connecting holes may be provided on the extension portion 111, and the installation position of the first laser radar 20 may be adjusted through the plurality of connecting holes, thereby facilitating improving the adaptability of the yaw platform 11, because for different wind turbines, the distance between the surface of the wind wheel 41 and the axis of the tower 40 is different, so when facing different wind turbines, the distance between the first laser radar 20 and the axis of the tower 40 can be adjusted through this yaw platform 11, which is equivalent to adjusting the distance between the first laser radar 20 and the surface of the wind wheel 41, thereby effectively improving the adaptability of the yaw platform 11.

[0041] It should be noted that, in this specification, relational terms such as first and second are merely used to distinguish one entity from other entities, but do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities.

[0042] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0043] The above is a detailed introduction to a yaw-following wind turbine wind shear monitoring system provided by the utility model. This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the utility model. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the core idea of ​​the utility model. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, without departing from the principle of the utility model, the utility model can also be improved and modified, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the utility model.

Claims

1. A yaw-following wind turbine wind shear monitoring system, characterized in that: include: A yawable drive assembly (10), a first laser radar (20) and a second laser radar (30), wherein the yawable drive assembly (10) is mounted on a tower (40) of a wind turbine generator set, the first laser radar (20) is mounted on the yawable drive assembly (10), the height of the first laser radar (20) is lower than the lowest point of a wind rotor (41) of the wind turbine generator set, and the first laser radar (20) is located in front of the wind rotor (41), and the first laser radar (20) is used to monitor the wind speed between the lowest point and the highest point of the wind rotor (41); the second laser radar (30) is mounted on a nacelle (42) of the wind turbine generator set and is located behind the wind rotor (41), and the second laser radar (30) is used to monitor the wind speed at a preset distance in front of the wind rotor (41).

2. The yaw-following wind turbine wind shear monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The yawable drive assembly (10) comprises a yaw platform (11), a yaw motor (12), a yaw outer gear ring (13) and a yaw gear (14); the yaw platform (11) is rotatably sleeved on the tower (40); the inner ring of the yaw outer gear ring (13) is fixedly connected to the tower (40); the yaw motor (12) is mounted on the yaw platform (11); the yaw gear (14) is mounted on the output shaft of the yaw motor (12); and the yaw gear (14) is meshed with the yaw outer gear ring (13).

3. The yaw-following wind turbine wind shear monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that: An extension portion (111) extending toward the front of the wind wheel (41) is provided on one side of the yaw platform (11), and the first laser radar (20) is provided on the extension portion (111).

4. The yaw-following wind turbine wind shear monitoring system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The yaw outer gear ring (13) is located below the yaw platform (11); a motor mounting hole (112) is provided on the yaw platform (11); an output shaft of the yaw motor (12) extends downward through the motor mounting hole (112); and the yaw gear (14) is mounted on an end of the output shaft extending out of the yaw platform (11).

5. The yaw-following wind turbine wind shear monitoring system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The yaw platform (11) is rotatably connected to the tower (40) via a four-point contact ball bearing.

6. The yaw-following wind turbine wind shear monitoring system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The extension portion gradually decreases in width from one end of the yaw platform (11) sleeved on the tower (40) to one end of the yaw platform (11) away from the end connected to the tower (40).

7. The yaw-following wind turbine wind shear monitoring system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The upper end surface of the yaw outer gear ring (13) is provided with an annular guide rail, and the bottom of the yaw platform (11) is provided with an annular groove that cooperates with the annular guide rail.

8. The yaw-following wind turbine wind shear monitoring system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The yaw outer gear ring (13) comprises a plurality of sector-shaped outer gear blocks distributed along a circumferential direction, and the plurality of sector-shaped outer gear blocks are detachably connected to the tower (40); the yaw platform (11) comprises a plurality of support plates, and the plurality of support plates are detachably connected and can surround an annular structure sleeved on the tower (40).

9. The yaw-following wind turbine wind shear monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer circumference of the tower (40) gradually expands from top to bottom, and the yaw platform (11) is provided with a tapered hole that cooperates with the outer circumference of the tower (40).

10. The yaw-following wind turbine wind shear monitoring system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The extension portion (111) is provided with a plurality of fixing portions distributed along the front-rear direction, and the first laser radar (20) is selectively mounted on one of the fixing portions.

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