Visual grouting simulation device in confining pressure state

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of coal mining simulation tests, in particular to a visual grouting simulation device in a confining pressure state, which comprises a reaction frame, the reaction frame is a hollow steel frame, a supporting platform is arranged on the lower portion of the reaction frame, and lateral loading systems are arranged on the left side and the right side of the reaction frame respectively. A top loading system is arranged at the top of the reaction frame, a supporting plate is arranged on the back of the reaction frame, and a grouting hole and a water injection hole are formed in the supporting plate at intervals; the left side and the right side of the counter-force frame are respectively provided with an installation slide way, and a plurality of strip-shaped transparent observation plates are installed between the two installation slide ways from top to bottom. A fixing frame is arranged outside the counter-force frame, a grid steel frame is arranged between the fixing frame and the counter-force frame in a sliding mode, and a whole transparent observation plate is arranged on the side, opposite to the counter-force frame, of the grid steel frame. The device can locally pressurize a simulated rock stratum in a segmented manner, more accurate data can be obtained, the device can be used for an excavation test and a grouting simulation test, and the test range is wide.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of coal mining simulation test, in particular to a visual grouting simulation device under confining pressure state. Background Art

[0002] Coal has made a significant contribution to my country's national economy and social development, but in the process of coal mining, it has also brought about deep-seated problems such as "mining subsidence, environmental pollution, and ecological imbalance". With the increase in the depth and intensity of coal mining, the difficulty of supporting the surrounding rock of coal mine tunnels has gradually increased. Under the influence of high stress and strong mining, large deformation of soft rocks and strong deformation and damage under confining pressure occur frequently, which brings great challenges to the control of tunnel surrounding rocks.

[0003] The traditional method of surrounding rock control is to increase the strength and stiffness of the anchor support system and improve the strength of the tunnel surrounding rock surface support system to achieve the purpose of controlling the stability of the surrounding rock. However, under the high stress and strong mining action of the soft rock and strong deformation damage tunnel surrounding pressure, the strength of the surrounding rock itself becomes low. Even if a high prestressed and strong anchor support system is used to control the surrounding rock, the purpose of controlling the stability of the surrounding rock cannot be achieved. There are two main reasons for this: (1) the surrounding rock strength is low and the stability is poor; (2) the surrounding rock has poor anchorability and the anchor force is low, which makes it impossible to fully play the supporting role of the anchor, resulting in the aggravation of the deformation and damage of the tunnel surrounding rock. To address this problem, the surrounding rock strength must be improved to fully play the self-bearing and anchor support role of the surrounding rock to achieve the purpose of controlling the stability of the surrounding rock. Grouting modification is currently an effective means to solve this problem.

[0004] Overburden delamination grouting is a green mining technology that effectively prevents mining-controlled collapse and protects the mining environment. It has the advantages of simple process, low cost, no impact on underground production, and high coal recovery rate. It is mainly used in ground subsidence control, prevention and control of mining-controlled collapse, and harmless treatment of solid waste. It can also be used for aquifer protection, prevention and control of rock burst disasters, etc.

[0005] The existing patent CN111983197A discloses a visualization test system and test method for grouting simulation in fractured rock mass taking into account stress. Although the system simulates the flow state of slurry in fractured rock mass, the lateral and top jacks inside it pressurize the fractured rock mass samples through the plexiglass plates, and the rock mass cannot be pressurized in sections. Moreover, the system can only be used for grouting simulation and cannot be used for mining simulation tests, so that the simulation test has certain limitations.

[0006] Based on the above problems, the utility model proposes a visual grouting simulation device under confining pressure state. Utility Model Content

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a visualized grouting simulation device under confining pressure state, which has the effect of being able to be used for both grouting simulation test and rock excavation simulation test for full visualization.

[0008] To achieve this technical purpose, the utility model adopts the following scheme:

[0009] A visual grouting simulation device under confining pressure state comprises a reaction frame, which is a steel frame with a hollow interior, a support platform is arranged at the bottom of the reaction frame, side loading systems are arranged at the left and right sides of the reaction frame, a top loading system is arranged at the top of the reaction frame, a support plate is arranged at the back of the reaction frame, and grouting holes and water injection holes are arranged at intervals on the support plate;

[0010] The left and right sides of the reaction frame are respectively provided with mounting slideways, and a plurality of strip-shaped transparent observation panels are installed from top to bottom between the two mounting slideways;

[0011] A fixed frame is arranged outside the reaction frame, a grid steel frame is slidably arranged between the fixed frame and the reaction frame, and a whole transparent observation board is arranged on the side opposite to the grid steel frame and the reaction frame.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0013] The device is provided with two different forms of sealing structures so that the device can be used for both excavation test simulation and grouting test simulation, and has a wider applicable test range. By adding a number of independent loading blocks on the side and top of the reaction frame, local loading can be performed on the simulated rock formation, and more accurate test data can be obtained, providing an accurate test reference basis for actual engineering.

[0014] Further, the preferred embodiment of the present invention is:

[0015] The lateral loading system includes a plurality of vertically arranged lateral jacks and lateral loading blocks, and the lateral jacks and the lateral loading blocks are arranged one by one; the lateral loading block is placed inside the reaction frame, the output end of the lateral jack passes through the reaction frame and is connected to the lateral loading block, and the output end of the lateral jack is connected to the reaction frame in a sliding and sealing manner.

[0016] The top loading system includes a plurality of top jacks arranged horizontally, the output end of each top jack extends to the interior of the reaction frame and is slidingly and sealingly connected to the top of the reaction frame, and a top loading block is arranged at the output end of each top jack.

[0017] A driving motor is arranged on the top of the fixing frame, a lead screw is arranged at the output end of the driving motor, and one end of the lead screw is rotatably connected to the grid steel frame.

[0018] A track is arranged between the bottom of the fixed frame and the bottom of the reaction frame, and a roller adapted to the track is arranged at the bottom of the grid steel frame;

[0019] A guide rod is arranged between the top of the fixing frame and the top of the reaction frame, and the top of the grid steel frame is slidably connected to the guide rod.

[0020] Two support beams are arranged between the fixed frame and the reaction frame, the two support beams are connected by a cross beam, and an electric hoist is arranged on the cross beam.

[0021] The left and right sides of the reaction frame are respectively hinged with threaded connecting rods, and the ends of the connecting rods are threadedly connected to hand wheels; the left and right sides of the fixed frame are respectively provided with limit blocks corresponding to the connecting rods, and the connecting rods are clamped with the limit blocks and locked by the hand wheels. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Side view of

[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A top view of

[0025] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the reaction frame; in order to distinguish the grouting holes from the water injection holes, the water injection holes are schematic diagrams of the unblocked state, and the grouting holes are schematic diagrams of the blocked state;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of a strip transparent observation panel;

[0027] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the connection between the connecting rod and the limit slot;

[0028] Figure 7 for Figure 4 A magnified view of part A;

[0029] The markings in the figure are: 1. reaction frame; 101. support platform; 2. side loading system; 201. side jack; 202. side loading block; 3. top loading system; 301. top jack; 302. top loading block; 303. sealing strip; 4. support plate; 401. grouting hole; 402. water injection hole; 5. installation slide; 501. T-type slide; 6. installation plate; 7. bolt; 8. nut ; 9. Tightening bolts; 10. Strip transparent observation plate; 11. Reinforcement strips; 12. Fixed frame; 13. Track; 14. Grid steel frame; 15. Guide rod; 16. Drive motor; 17. Screw; 18. Support beam; 19. Crossbeam; 20. Electric hoist; 21. Whole transparent observation plate; 22. T-type connector; 23. Connecting rod; 24. Limit block; 25. Handwheel; 26. Roller; 27. Sleeve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to fully understand the purpose, features and effects of the present invention, the following specific implementation methods are provided. Figures 1 to 7 The present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0031] A visualized grouting simulation device under confining pressure mainly comprises a reaction frame 1, which is a hollow steel frame structure. The internal cavity of the reaction frame 1 serves as an operating space for simulating rock stratum laying, and the bottom of the reaction frame 1 serves as a supporting platform 101.

[0032] The left and right sides of the reaction frame 1 are respectively provided with a lateral loading system 2, which is composed of a plurality of vertically arranged lateral jacks 201 and lateral loading blocks 202 arranged one by one with the lateral jacks 201, and the lateral jacks 201 are connected to a hydraulic loading oil pump. The lateral jacks 201 are installed on the side wall of the reaction frame 1 on the side where they are located, and the output end of the lateral jacks 201 penetrates the reaction frame 1 and extends to the inside of the reaction frame 1, and the output end of the lateral jacks 201 is connected to the reaction frame 1 in a sliding and sealing manner; the inside of the reaction frame 1 is provided with a lateral loading block 202 corresponding to each lateral jack 201 at a position close to the left and right side walls thereof, and the lateral loading block 202 is fixedly connected to the output end of the corresponding lateral jack 201; the lateral jacks 201 can push the lateral loading block 202 to pressurize the simulated rock formation inside the reaction frame 1.

[0033] In this embodiment, the two upper and lower adjacent side loading blocks 202 are slidably sealed and connected. Specifically, sealing strips 303 are respectively embedded around the side loading blocks. The sealing strips 303 are tightly connected to the adjacent side loading blocks 202 by the surface protrusions of the side loading blocks 202 where they are located. The sealing strips 303 of the upper and lower adjacent side loading blocks 202 are staggered left and right. The sealing strips 303 meet the requirements of the two adjacent side loading blocks 202 to slide relative to each other and prevent the liquid inside the reaction frame 1 from flowing into.

[0034] A top loading system 3 is provided on the top of the reaction frame 1. The top loading system 3 is composed of a plurality of top jacks 301 arranged horizontally along the top of the reaction frame 1. The top jacks 301 are connected to a hydraulic loading oil pump. The top jacks 301 are installed on the top of the reaction frame 1. The output end of the top jacks 301 penetrates the reaction frame 1 and extends to the inside of the reaction frame 1, and is connected to the top of the reaction frame 1 in a sliding and sealing manner.

[0035] A support plate 4 is provided on the back (rear side) of the reaction frame 1, and the support plate 4 is sealed and connected to the rear side wall of the reaction frame 1; a plurality of rows of grouting holes 401 and water injection holes 402 are arranged at intervals on the support plate 4, and the grouting holes 401 and the water injection holes 402 are arranged alternately, and the grouting holes 401 can be switched with the water injection holes 402 in real time. The grouting holes 401 are externally connected to a constant pressure grouting pump, and the water injection holes 402 are externally connected to a constant pressure water injection pump.

[0036] In this embodiment, the laying method of the grouting pipe is similar to the laying method of the water injection pipe. Taking the laying method of the water injection pipe as an example, each water injection hole is connected to a water pipe, the water pipe is woven into a mesh structure, and multiple water outlets are set on the water pipe. The water pipe is laid in a simulated rock formation to simulate the flow and diffusion of groundwater. The water supply pipeline corresponding to each water injection hole is required to be independently controlled and monitored separately.

[0037] A mounting slide 5 is vertically installed on the left and right sides of the front side wall of the reaction frame 1. A mounting plate 6 is arranged outside the mounting slide 5. One end of the mounting plate 6 is locked by the bolt 7 assembly on the mounting slide 5, and the other end is tightened by the tightening bolt 9 to tighten the strip-shaped transparent observation plate 10. Specifically, a T-shaped slide 501 is arranged inside the mounting slide 5, and a bolt 7 is slidably installed in the T-shaped slide 501. A through hole corresponding to the bolt 7 is provided at one end of the mounting plate 6, and a threaded hole is provided at the other end. The mounting plate 6 is sleeved on the bolt 7 through the through hole and is locked by a nut 8; a tightening bolt 9 is threadedly connected in the threaded hole of the mounting plate 6, and the tightening bolt 9 tightens the strip-shaped transparent observation plate 10 so that it can be close to the front side wall of the reaction frame 1.

[0038] When the strip transparent observation plate 10 is used for excavation test, when the strip transparent observation plate 10 is installed, sealant is applied between two adjacent strip transparent observation plates 10 above and below and between the two ends of the strip transparent observation plate 10 and the reaction frame 1 respectively.

[0039] A fixing frame 12 is also provided on the outside (front side) of the reaction frame 1, and the top of the fixing frame 12 is connected to the top of the reaction frame 1 via a support beam 18; the bottom of the reaction frame 1 is connected to the bottom of the fixing frame 12 via a track 13. A grid steel frame 14 is provided between the fixing frame 12 and the reaction frame 1, and a whole transparent observation panel 21 is embedded on the side of the grid steel frame 14 close to the reaction frame 1.

[0040] When the whole transparent observation plate 21 is used for the grouting simulation test, when the whole transparent observation plate 21 is installed, sealant is applied around the whole transparent observation plate 21 and between the reaction frame 1 to ensure the sealing of the internal cavity of the reaction frame 1.

[0041] A driving motor 16 is installed on the top of the fixed frame 12, and a lead screw 17 parallel to the track 13 is provided at the output end of the driving motor 16. One end of the lead screw 17 is rotatably connected to the top of the grid steel frame 14. The output end of the driving motor 16 rotates to drive the lead screw 17 to rotate and extend and retract along the fixed frame 12 forward and backward; a roller 26 is installed at the bottom of the grid steel frame 14, and the roller 26 cooperates with the track 13 to realize the sliding of the grid steel frame 14 along the track 13. In this embodiment, the driving motor 16 is started, and the driving motor 16 drives the lead screw 17 to rotate to realize the movement of the lead screw 17 forward and backward on the fixed frame 12, thereby pushing the grid steel frame 14 to move forward and backward along the track 13.

[0042] In this embodiment, a guide rod 15 is installed between the top of the front side wall of the reaction frame 1 and the fixed frame 12, and a sliding sleeve 27 adapted to the guide rod 15 is provided on the top of the grid steel frame 14. The grid steel frame 14 slides along the guide rod 15 through the cooperation between the sliding sleeve 27 and the guide rod 15.

[0043] T-shaped connectors 22 are vertically spaced apart on the left and right sides of the reaction frame 1, and threaded connecting rods 23 are hinged on the T-shaped connectors 22; U-shaped limit blocks 24 are respectively provided on the left and right sides of the grid steel frame 14 corresponding to the position of each connecting rod 23. When a grouting observation simulation test is required, the grid steel frame 14 is moved to the front side of the reaction frame 1 so that the entire transparent observation plate 21 is tightly attached to the front side wall of the reaction frame 1, and then the connecting rod 23 is placed in the limit block 24, and the hand wheel 25 is turned in front of the limit block 24 to lock the grid steel frame 14 and the reaction frame 1 through the hand wheel 25.

[0044] A crossbeam 19 is fixedly connected between the two support beams 18, and an electric hoist 20 is installed on the crossbeam 19. When the test personnel are paving the simulated rock formation, the electric hoist 20 can be used to lift the rock formation materials to facilitate the laying.

[0045] In this embodiment, the strip-shaped transparent observation plate 10 and the whole transparent observation plate 21 are respectively acrylic plates.

[0046] In this embodiment, a water tank can be further added at the bottom of the reaction frame 1, and a plurality of drainage holes are provided on the support platform 101 at the bottom of the reaction frame 1. The internal cavity of the reaction frame 1 is connected with the water tank through the drainage holes. The wastewater generated in the simulated test layer can enter the water tank through the drainage holes for unified treatment or be directly discharged into the sewer.

[0047] When conducting the excavation simulation test, the test personnel lay the rock layer by layer from bottom to top, first installing the strip transparent observation board 10, and then laying the corresponding simulated rock layer within the height range of the strip transparent observation board 10, and so on.

[0048] After the simulated rock formation is laid, each lateral jack 201 and top jack 301 can be independently controlled to pressurize the simulated rock formation according to the test requirements; excavation is carried out in the corresponding rock formation according to the set position of the test, and the test process can be observed in real time through the strip transparent observation board 10 and recorded through the acquisition instrument.

[0049] When installing the strip transparent observation plate 10, attention should be paid to ensuring the sealing between the upper and lower parts of the strip transparent observation plate 10 and the sealing between the two ends of the strip transparent observation plate 10 and the reaction frame 1, and ensuring the sliding sealing between the side of the side loading block 202 and the strip transparent observation plate 10.

[0050] In this embodiment, in order to prevent the strip-shaped transparent observation plate 10 from bulging outward or even breaking when pressure is applied from the top or the side, reinforcement strips 11 are added at the positions of the connecting gaps between each two adjacent strip-shaped transparent observation plates 10, and the two ends of the reinforcement strips 11 are also connected to the mounting slide 5 by bolt 7 assemblies.

[0051] When conducting a coal-rock grouting simulation test, the test personnel lay a simulated cushion layer in the internal cavity of the reaction frame 1, and lay a grouting pipe at the position of the simulated rock grouting as needed. The grouting pipe is connected to a constant pressure grouting pump through the grouting hole 401 behind the reaction frame 1, and then a whole transparent observation plate 21 is selected to seal the internal cavity of the reaction frame 1, and then a grouting simulation test is conducted. The test process can be observed in real time through the whole transparent observation plate 21.

[0052] In this embodiment, a water injection pipe can also be connected, and the water injection pipe is connected to a constant pressure water pump through the water injection hole 402 on the support plate 4, and the water injection pipe is laid in the simulated rock layer according to the test requirements to simulate the seepage test. This device is provided with two different forms of sealing structures, so that this device can be used for both excavation test simulation and grouting test simulation, and the applicable test range is wider. Several independent loading blocks are added to the side and top of the reaction frame to locally load the simulated rock layer. The experiment can obtain the process changes of the pressure value of the experimental layer by burying sensors inside the simulation layer, obtain more accurate test data, and provide accurate test reference basis for actual engineering.

[0053] Finally, it should be noted that the above-listed examples are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. Of course, those skilled in the art can make changes and modifications to the present invention. If these modifications and modifications fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalent technologies, they should be considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A visual grouting simulation device under confining pressure, comprising a reaction frame, the reaction frame is a hollow steel frame, and a support platform is arranged at the bottom of the reaction frame, characterized in that: The left and right sides of the reaction frame are respectively provided with side loading systems, the top of the reaction frame is provided with a top loading system, and the back of the reaction frame is provided with a support plate, and the support plate is provided with grouting holes and water injection holes at intervals; The left and right sides of the reaction frame are respectively provided with mounting slideways, and a plurality of strip-shaped transparent observation panels are horizontally installed from top to bottom between the two mounting slideways; A fixed frame is arranged outside the reaction frame, a grid steel frame is slidably arranged between the fixed frame and the reaction frame, and a whole transparent observation board is arranged on the side opposite to the grid steel frame and the reaction frame.

2. The visual grouting simulation device under confining pressure state according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lateral loading system includes a plurality of vertically arranged lateral jacks and lateral loading blocks, and the lateral jacks and the lateral loading blocks are arranged one by one; the lateral loading block is placed inside the reaction frame, the output end of the lateral jack passes through the reaction frame and is connected to the lateral loading block, and the output end of the lateral jack is connected to the reaction frame in a sliding and sealing manner.

3. The visual grouting simulation device under confining pressure state according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top loading system includes a plurality of top jacks arranged horizontally, the output end of each top jack extends to the interior of the reaction frame and is slidingly and sealingly connected to the top of the reaction frame, and a top loading block is arranged at the output end of each top jack.

4. The visual grouting simulation device under confining pressure state according to claim 1, characterized in that: A driving motor is arranged on the top of the fixing frame, a lead screw is arranged at the output end of the driving motor, and one end of the lead screw is rotatably connected to the grid steel frame.

5. The visual grouting simulation device under confining pressure state according to claim 4, characterized in that: A track is arranged between the bottom of the fixed frame and the bottom of the reaction frame, and a roller adapted to the track is arranged at the bottom of the grid steel frame; A guide rod is arranged between the top of the fixing frame and the top of the reaction frame, and the top of the grid steel frame is slidably connected to the guide rod.

6. The visual grouting simulation device under confining pressure state according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two support beams are arranged between the fixed frame and the reaction frame, the two support beams are connected by a cross beam, and an electric hoist is arranged on the cross beam.

7. The visual grouting simulation device under confining pressure state according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left and right sides of the reaction frame are respectively hinged with threaded connecting rods, and the ends of the connecting rods are threadedly connected to hand wheels; the left and right sides of the fixed frame are respectively provided with limit blocks corresponding to the connecting rods, and the connecting rods are clamped with the limit blocks and locked by the hand wheels.

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