Ground maintenance system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a ground maintenance system, and relates to the technical field of vehicle maintenance and guarantee. The ground maintenance system comprises a machine body, a device cavity is defined in the machine body, and the machine body further comprises a charging interface, a fluid interface and an air interface; the external charging module is connected with the charging interface; a refrigerant circuit; the in-vitro air conveying pipeline communicates with the air connector and is used for conveying air into the vehicle under the condition that the air connector is connected with the vehicle. The heat management module communicates with the device cavity to form a device heat exchange branch, insulation heat exchange fluid of the heat management module flows in the device heat exchange branch and fills the device cavity, and the heat management module communicates with the fluid interface and is used for communicating with a battery cavity of the vehicle to form a battery heat exchange branch. And the insulating heat exchange fluid flows in the battery heat exchange branch and is charged into the battery cavity. According to the utility model, a thermal management function can be provided for the battery pack and the external charging module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of vehicle maintenance and support, and particularly relates to a ground maintenance system. Background Art

[0002] For vehicles mainly powered by electric energy such as new energy vehicles, eVTOL (Electric Vertical Takeoff and Landing), and new energy ships, before operation, ground service equipment can be used to perform maintenance and support operations such as charging and battery thermal management on them.

[0003] However, in related technologies, during the process of rapid charging of the battery pack of the vehicle and battery thermal management by the ground service equipment, a large amount of heat is generated by the power devices of both the battery pack and the charging module in the ground service equipment itself, thereby affecting the maintenance efficiency. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] The main purpose of the utility model is to propose a ground maintenance system, aiming to solve the technical problem that the efficiency of the ground service equipment needs to be improved during the process of rapid charging of the battery pack of the vehicle and battery thermal management in related technologies.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, a ground maintenance system proposed by the utility model includes:

[0006] A body, a device cavity is defined inside the body, and the body further includes a charging interface, a fluid interface, and an air interface;

[0007] An external charging module, which is arranged in the device cavity and is connected to the charging interface;

[0008] A cold and heat source module, which is arranged inside the body and defines a refrigerant circuit;

[0009] An off-body air delivery pipeline, which is arranged on the body and is communicated with the air interface, and is used for delivering air into the vehicle when the air interface is connected to the vehicle; wherein, the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit exchanges heat with the air in the off-body air delivery pipeline; and

[0010] A thermal management module is disposed in the body. The thermal management module communicates with the device cavity to form a device heat exchange branch, so that the insulating heat exchange fluid of the thermal management module flows in the device heat exchange branch and fills the device cavity. And the thermal management module communicates with the fluid interface, and is used to communicate with the battery cavity of the vehicle to form a battery heat exchange branch when the fluid interface is connected to the vehicle, so that the insulating heat exchange fluid flows in the battery heat exchange branch and fills the battery cavity; wherein, the refrigerant also exchanges heat with the insulating heat exchange fluid.

[0011] In one embodiment, the refrigerant circuit includes a first refrigerant branch and a second refrigerant branch connected in parallel. The refrigerant in the first refrigerant branch exchanges heat with the air in the off-body air delivery pipeline, and the refrigerant in the second refrigerant branch exchanges heat with the insulating heat exchange fluid.

[0012] In one embodiment, the ground maintenance system further includes:

[0013] An air heat exchanger, the first side of the air heat exchanger is connected in the first refrigerant branch, and the second side of the air heat exchanger is connected in the off-body air delivery pipeline, and is used to exchange heat between the refrigerant in the first refrigerant branch and the air in the off-body air delivery pipeline;

[0014] A fluid heat exchanger, the first side of the fluid heat exchanger is connected in the second refrigerant branch, and the second side of the fluid heat exchanger is connected in the thermal management module, and is used to exchange heat between the refrigerant in the second refrigerant branch and the insulating heat exchange fluid in the thermal management module.

[0015] In one embodiment, the thermal management module includes a main path, the main path includes a medium storage tank and a pump connected by a pipeline, the second side of the fluid heat exchanger is connected in the main path and is connected to the outlet of the pump through a pipeline, and the medium storage tank stores the insulating heat exchange fluid;

[0016] Wherein, the device heat exchange branch and the battery heat exchange branch are connected in parallel and then connected in series to the main path to form a circulation loop; or, the device heat exchange branch, the battery heat exchange branch and the main path are connected in series to form a circulation loop.

[0017] In one embodiment, when the device heat exchange branch, the battery heat exchange branch and the main path are connected in series, the device heat exchange branch and the battery heat exchange branch are connected in series to the main path in sequence.

[0018] In one embodiment, the thermal management module further includes an inflation and liquid replacement assembly;

[0019] Wherein, the inflation and liquid replacement assembly communicates with the battery heat exchange branch and is used to input non-combustible gas into the battery cavity to discharge the insulating heat exchange fluid from the battery cavity; and / or, the inflation and liquid replacement assembly communicates with the device heat exchange branch and is used to input non-combustible gas into the device cavity to discharge the insulating heat exchange fluid from the device cavity;

[0020] The non-combustible gas includes one or more of inert gas, nitrogen, carbon dioxide and sulfur hexafluoride.

[0021] In one embodiment, the gas filling and liquid changing assembly includes a gas filling branch, and the gas filling branch includes a gas storage device and a gas path valve that are sequentially connected through a pipeline;

[0022] Among them, the output end of the gas filling branch is connected to the medium pump-out pipe of the fluid heat exchanger, and a switching valve is provided on the pipeline between the fluid heat exchanger and the output end of the gas filling branch;

[0023] The gas path valve is a pressure reducing valve.

[0024] In one embodiment, both the air heat exchanger and the fluid heat exchanger are direct evaporation refrigeration cycle devices or semiconductor refrigeration devices; and / or

[0025] The ground maintenance system further includes a first positive temperature coefficient PTC heater and a second PTC heater. The first PTC heater is arranged at the air heat exchanger, and the second PTC heater is arranged at the fluid heat exchanger; or, the cold and heat source module is a heat pump system, and the heat pump system switches between a refrigeration mode and a heating mode.

[0026] In one embodiment, the thermal management module includes:

[0027] A first thermal management sub-module, and the first thermal management sub-module is communicated with the device heat exchange branch;

[0028] A second thermal management sub-module, and the second thermal management sub-module is communicated with the battery heat exchange branch.

[0029] In one embodiment, the insulating heat exchange fluid is made of deionized water, electronic fluorinated liquid, hydrocarbon, ester or silicone oil.

[0030] In one embodiment, the body includes a charging gun, and the charging gun includes:

[0031] A charging gun head, and the charging gun head has a fluid interface and a charging interface;

[0032] A charging gun cable, and the charging gun cable is connected to the charging gun head. Multiple wire cores and fluid pipes are arranged in the charging gun cable. One end of the wire core is connected to the charging interface, the other end of the wire core is connected to the external charging module, one end of the fluid pipe is communicated with the fluid interface, and the other end of the fluid pipe is communicated with the thermal management module.

[0033] In one embodiment, the charging gun cable includes:

[0034] A protective layer, and a cable cavity extending along the wiring direction of the charging gun cable is defined in the protective layer; among them, the wire core includes multiple wire cores, the wire cores are arranged in the cable cavity, and gaps are formed between any two wire cores and between the wire core and the protective layer;

[0035] A cable phase change module is filled in the gap, and at least one fluid pipe extending along the wiring direction and penetrating the charging gun cable is defined in the cable phase change module.

[0036] In one embodiment, there are at least two fluid interfaces;

[0037] At least two fluid pipes are arranged in the cable phase change module. The fluid pipes are communicated with the fluid interfaces, and two of the at least two fluid pipes form a group. One of the fluid pipes in a group is a liquid inlet pipe, and the other is a liquid outlet pipe;

[0038] The cable phase change module includes a plurality of first sub-phase change filling bodies arranged at intervals in sequence along the wiring direction of the charging gun cable, and the first sub-phase change filling bodies have first through holes, so that the cavities between any two adjacent first sub-phase change filling bodies among the plurality of first sub-phase change filling bodies are all communicated through the first through holes to form a liquid inlet pipe;

[0039] A liquid outlet pipe with a pipe fitting structure is arranged in the cable phase change module.

[0040] In one embodiment, the material of the liquid outlet pipe is a polymer heat insulation material.

[0041] In one embodiment, the charging gun head includes:

[0042] A gun head main body, one end of the gun head main body is connected to the charging gun cable; an inlet liquid cooling cavity and an outlet liquid cooling cavity are arranged in the gun head main body, at least one fluid interface is communicated with the inlet liquid cooling cavity, and at least one fluid interface is communicated with the outlet liquid cooling cavity; and

[0043] A plurality of first charging terminals to be cooled, a part of each first charging terminal to be cooled is arranged in the inlet liquid cooling cavity or the outlet liquid cooling cavity and is connected to the corresponding wire core, and the other part of each first charging terminal to be cooled is exposed outside the gun head main body;

[0044] Wherein, the liquid inlet pipe is communicated with the inlet liquid cooling cavity, and the liquid outlet pipe is communicated with the outlet liquid cooling cavity.

[0045] In one embodiment, the gun head main body includes:

[0046] A gun head housing, one axial end of the gun head housing is connected to the charging gun cable, a receiving groove is formed in the end face at the other axial end of the gun head housing, at least one housing pressure relief port is formed in the groove wall of the receiving groove, and a housing inlet liquid channel communicated with the receiving groove and the liquid inlet pipe respectively, a housing outlet liquid channel communicated with the receiving groove and the liquid outlet pipe respectively, and a housing pressure relief channel communicated with the housing pressure relief port are defined in the gun head housing;

[0047] The inner core of the gun head is movably arranged in the receiving groove along the axial direction of the gun head housing. At least one inner core pressure relief port is formed on the side wall of the inner core of the gun head opposite to the housing pressure relief port. The number of the inner core pressure relief ports is the same as that of the housing pressure relief ports and they correspond to each other one by one. An inlet liquid cooling cavity and an outlet liquid cooling cavity are defined in the inner core of the gun head. The inlet liquid cooling cavity is hermetically and movably connected with the housing inlet liquid channel, and the housing outlet liquid channel is hermetically and movably connected with the outlet liquid cooling cavity. The inner core pressure relief port is communicated with the inlet liquid cooling cavity and / or the outlet liquid cooling cavity. The gun head inner core has a communication position where each inner core pressure relief port and the corresponding housing pressure relief port are opposite to each other and communicated; and

[0048] A first elastic member is arranged in the receiving groove. The first elastic member always drives the gun head inner core away from the communication position.

[0049] In one embodiment, the communication position is the end position of the stroke of the gun head inner core moving towards the bottom wall of the receiving groove in the receiving groove. The first elastic member always drives the gun head inner core away from the communication position along the direction away from the bottom wall of the receiving groove.

[0050] In one embodiment, the housing pressure relief port is formed on the side wall of the receiving groove, and the inner core pressure relief port is formed at the position where the outer peripheral wall of the inner core of the gun head cooperates with the side wall of the receiving groove.

[0051] In one embodiment, the gun head body further includes:

[0052] A holding member is fixedly arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the gun head housing. The holding member is provided with a handle pressure relief port. The part of the holding member near the other axial end extends into the receiving groove and is provided with a housing pressure relief port. An intermediate pressure relief channel is defined in the holding member. The intermediate pressure relief channel is communicated with both the housing pressure relief port and the handle pressure relief port;

[0053] Wherein, the handle pressure relief port is communicated with the housing pressure relief channel.

[0054] In one embodiment, a handle sliding groove is formed by partial surface depression of the outer peripheral wall of the inner core. The handle sliding groove extends along the axial direction of the gun head housing to both axial ends of the gun head inner core. The inner core pressure relief port is formed on the groove wall of the handle sliding groove;

[0055] The part of the holding member near the other axial end extends into the receiving groove and is bent and extended towards the bottom wall of the receiving groove to form a sliding part. The sliding part is slidably assembled in the handle sliding groove.

[0056] In one embodiment, the side wall of the receiving groove has a matching area for matching with the sliding part;

[0057] The outer shell pressure relief port is formed on the side wall of the sliding part facing away from the matching area, and the inner core pressure relief port is formed on the groove wall of the handle sliding groove facing the matching area.

[0058] In one embodiment, one end face of the inner core of the gun head, which is away from the bottom wall of the accommodation groove, includes a standard charging interface area and an extension area, and a fluid interface is provided in the extension area;

[0059] All the first charging terminals to be cooled include a plurality of standard charging terminals, and all the standard charging terminals are arranged in the standard charging interface area.

[0060] In one embodiment, the plurality of wire cores include at least two low-voltage emergency charging wire cores;

[0061] The charging gun head further includes at least two low-voltage emergency power supply terminals. All the low-voltage emergency power supply terminals are arranged in the extension area, and the low-voltage emergency power supply terminals extend into the inner core of the gun head and are connected to the corresponding low-voltage emergency charging wire cores.

[0062] In one embodiment, the extension area includes a first extension area and a second extension area, and the first extension area and the second extension area are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the standard charging interface area;

[0063] At least a part of the liquid inlet cooling cavity is opposite to the first extension area, and at least a part of the liquid outlet cooling cavity is opposite to the second extension area;

[0064] Among them, a part of the low-voltage emergency power supply terminals among all the low-voltage emergency power supply terminals and the fluid interface corresponding to the liquid inlet pipe are arranged in the first extension area, and the other part of the low-voltage emergency power supply terminals among all the low-voltage emergency power supply terminals and the fluid interface corresponding to the liquid outlet pipe are arranged in the second extension area.

[0065] In one embodiment, a pressure relief tee channel is defined in the inner core of the gun head. The first end of the pressure relief tee channel is communicated with the liquid inlet cooling cavity, the second end of the pressure relief tee channel is communicated with the liquid outlet cooling cavity, and the third end of the pressure relief tee channel is communicated with an inner core pressure relief port;

[0066] The charging gun head further includes two pressure relief valves. One pressure relief valve is arranged at the first end, and the other pressure relief valve is arranged at the second end.

[0067] In one embodiment, the inner core of the gun head further defines a first standard cavity and a second standard cavity. On the radial plane of the inner core of the gun head, the first standard cavity, the liquid outlet cooling cavity, the second standard cavity, and the liquid inlet cooling cavity are sequentially distributed along the circumferential direction of the inner core of the gun head; among them, the first part area of the standard charging interface area is opposite to the first standard cavity, the second part area of the standard charging interface area is opposite to the liquid outlet cooling cavity, the third part area of the standard charging interface area is opposite to the second standard cavity, and the fourth part area of the standard charging interface area is opposite to the liquid inlet cooling cavity;

[0068] Both the high-voltage DC positive terminal and the low-voltage auxiliary power positive terminal among the multiple standard charging terminals are arranged in the fourth part area, and are both connected to the corresponding wire cores in the liquid inlet cooling cavity. Both the high-voltage DC negative terminal and the low-voltage auxiliary power negative terminal among the multiple standard charging terminals are arranged in the second part area, and are both connected to the corresponding wire cores in the liquid outlet cooling cavity;

[0069] The charging gun head further includes a first communication terminal, a second communication terminal, a first charging connection terminal, a second charging connection terminal, and a grounding terminal. The first communication terminal, the second communication terminal, the first charging connection terminal, and the second charging connection terminal are all arranged in the first part area; the grounding terminal is arranged in the third part area; wherein, an inner core pressure relief port is arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the gun head inner core at the first standard cavity, and a pressure relief tee channel is defined in the first standard cavity.

[0070] In one embodiment, a wire routing cavity is further defined in the gun head housing, and the wire routing cavity is arranged between the accommodation groove and one axial end of the gun head housing;

[0071] The charging gun head further includes:

[0072] A plurality of detection elements, which are arranged inside the gun head inner core or inside the gun head housing;

[0073] A control module, which is arranged in the wire routing cavity, the control module is respectively communicatively connected to each detection element, and the control module has a plurality of status indicator lights;

[0074] An operating member, which is arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the gun head housing, a part of the operating member penetrates through the outer peripheral wall of the housing and extends into the wire routing cavity to be connected to the control module; the operating member includes a touch screen and / or control buttons;

[0075] Wherein, a plurality of lamp mounting holes are opened on the outer peripheral wall of the housing, the lamp mounting holes are communicated with the wire routing cavity, the number of the plurality of lamp mounting holes is the same as the number of the plurality of status indicator lights and they correspond to each other one by one, so that each status indicator light extends into the corresponding lamp mounting hole and exposes from the corresponding lamp mounting hole.

[0076] In one embodiment, one end of the housing pressure relief channel extends to the end face of the axial end, and the other end of the housing pressure relief channel is communicated with the wire routing cavity;

[0077] A part of the holding member near the axial end penetrates through the outer peripheral wall of the housing to extend into the wire routing cavity, and a handle pressure relief port is opened on the end face of the part of the holding member near the axial end;

[0078] The charging gun head further includes a connecting pipe, the connecting pipe is arranged in the wire routing cavity, and the handle pressure relief port is communicated with the housing pressure relief channel through the connecting pipe.

[0079] In one embodiment, a plurality of channel openings are formed in the bottom wall of the receiving groove; a part of the plurality of channel openings communicates with the housing inlet channel, and another part of the plurality of channel openings communicates with the housing outlet channel;

[0080] The gun head body further includes at least two pipe connectors, the pipe connectors protrude from one end face of the gun head inner core facing the bottom wall of the groove, and some of the at least two pipe connectors communicate with the liquid inlet cooling cavity, and another part of the at least two pipe connectors communicate with the liquid outlet cooling cavity. The pipe connector includes a plurality of tapered portions connected in sequence along the protruding direction of the pipe connector, and in the protruding direction, the outer diameter of the tapered portion gradually decreases;

[0081] Wherein, the pipe connector is adapted to be inserted into the corresponding housing inlet channel or housing outlet channel from the channel opening, and the tapered portion is in interference fit with the housing inlet channel or housing outlet channel, so that the liquid inlet cooling cavity is in sealed and movable communication with the housing inlet channel, and the liquid outlet cooling cavity is in sealed and movable communication with the housing outlet channel.

[0082] In one embodiment, the first elastic member is a compression spring, and the compression spring is disposed between one end face of the gun head inner core facing the bottom wall of the receiving groove and the bottom wall of the receiving groove; and / or

[0083] There are multiple first elastic members.

[0084] In one embodiment, a pressure relief return channel extending along the wiring direction of the charging gun cable is defined in the charging gun cable, and the pressure relief return channel communicates with the housing pressure relief channel and the thermal management module respectively.

[0085] In one embodiment, the gun head housing further includes:

[0086] A first mating structure is disposed on the outer peripheral wall of the gun head housing for detachably mating with a second mating structure of a charging socket of a vehicle, and the second mating structure is disposed on the radial outer side of the charging socket;

[0087] A third mating structure is disposed at the receiving groove of the gun head housing for detachably mating with a fourth mating structure of the charging socket, and the fourth mating structure is disposed at the insertion groove of the charging socket.

[0088] In one embodiment, the second mating structure defines a groove, the first mating structure is configured as a fastening member, the fastening member is rotatably connected to the outer peripheral wall of the housing, and the fastening member is adapted to be hooked on the groove.

[0089] In one embodiment, the third mating structure is configured as a lock hole formed in the outer peripheral wall of the housing, and the lock hole communicates with the receiving groove;

[0090] Wherein, the fourth mating structure includes:

[0091] A lock tongue, the lock tongue is arranged in the plug-in slot, and the lock tongue is configured to be movable between an extended position and an avoidance position, in which the lock tongue is adapted to extend into the lock hole, and in which the lock tongue avoids the gun head housing, the lock tongue comprises a first matching hole and a second matching hole which are sequentially opened and communicated with each other in a direction from a radial inner side to a radial outer side of the plug-in slot, and in a width direction of the lock tongue, a size of the first matching hole is smaller than a size of the second matching hole;

[0092] The seat body is arranged in the plug-in slot, a side wall of the seat body facing the opening of the plug-in slot is provided with a rod movable hole, and the seat body is also provided with a lock tongue movable hole. When the inner core of the gun head is plugged into the plug-in slot, the lock tongue movable hole and the lock hole face each other, and the seat body is also defined with a component accommodating cavity which is respectively connected with the rod movable hole and the lock tongue movable hole; wherein the lock tongue can be slidably assembled in the lock tongue movable hole;

[0093] A limit rod, the limit rod is movably arranged in the rod movable hole along the depth direction of the plug-in slot, and one end of the limit rod extends from the rod movable hole to protrude from a side wall of the seat body facing the opening of the plug-in slot. In the insertion direction of the plug-in slot, the limit rod includes a small diameter portion and a large diameter portion arranged in sequence, the outer diameter of the large diameter portion is larger than the outer diameter of the small diameter portion, and the limit rod has a limit position and a trigger position. In the limit position, the large diameter portion is matched with the second matching hole, and in the trigger position, the small diameter portion is matched with the first matching hole;

[0094] A second elastic member, the second elastic member is disposed in the component receiving groove, and the second elastic member usually drives the locking tongue to move toward the extended position;

[0095] The third elastic member is arranged in the component accommodating groove, and the third elastic member often drives the limiting rod to move toward the trigger position.

[0096] In one embodiment, a charging gun head further defines a gun head cooling cavity and a fluid flow channel, one end of the fluid flow channel is connected to the fluid interface, and the other end of the fluid flow channel is connected to the fluid pipeline;

[0097] The charging gun also includes a second charging terminal to be cooled, which is arranged in the cooling cavity of the gun head and connected to the corresponding wire core, and one end of the second charging terminal to be cooled is exposed from the charging gun head;

[0098] A first cable cooling channel and a second cable cooling channel are also defined in the charging gun cable, and one end of the first cable cooling channel and one end of the second cable cooling channel are both connected to the gun head cooling cavity;

[0099] The other end of the first cable cooling channel is communicated with the thermal management module, and the other end of the second cable cooling channel is communicated with the device cavity, so that the first cable cooling channel and the second cable cooling channel are connected in the device heat exchange branch.

[0100] In one embodiment, the first cable cooling channel is configured as a thin-walled metal tube, and the wall thickness of the thin-walled metal tube is b, where b satisfies: 0.3 mm ≤ b ≤ 1 mm; and / or

[0101] The cable phase change module further includes a plurality of second sub-phase change fillers arranged at intervals in sequence along the wiring direction of the charging gun cable, and the second sub-phase change fillers have second through holes, so that the cavities between any two adjacent second sub-phase change fillers among the plurality of second sub-phase change fillers are all communicated through the second through holes to form a second cable cooling channel.

[0102] In one embodiment, the material of the cable phase change module is a solid-solid phase change material.

[0103] In one embodiment, the ground maintenance system further includes an energy storage module, and the cold heat source module, the external charging module, and the thermal management module are all connected to the energy storage module;

[0104] The energy storage module includes a plurality of detachable batteries connected in parallel, and the detachable batteries have the same specifications as the battery packs in the battery cavity.

[0105] In one embodiment, the ground maintenance system further includes:

[0106] A movable vehicle, with the fuselage and the energy storage module both arranged on the movable vehicle.

[0107] An electric energy drive module, which is arranged on the movable vehicle and is used to drive the movable vehicle to move;

[0108] Wherein, the energy storage module is connected to the electric energy drive module.

[0109] In the technical solution of the present utility model, the thermal management module not only communicates with the device cavity where the charging power device is installed to form a device heat exchange branch, but also can communicate with the battery cavity in the vehicle to form a battery heat exchange branch, so that during the charging process of the vehicle, the charging power device in the device cavity is subjected to immersion cooling through an insulating heat exchange fluid, and the battery cells in the battery pack can also be subjected to immersion cooling, thereby providing a thermal management function for the battery pack and the external charging module itself together to support higher-power charging, and further improving the fast charging speed.

[0110] In addition, the ground maintenance system separately provided from the vehicle includes, in addition to the external charging module, a refrigerant circuit, an off-vehicle air delivery pipeline, and a thermal management module. The refrigerant circuit exchanges heat not only with the air in the off-vehicle air delivery pipeline but also with the insulating heat exchange fluid in the thermal management module. In this way, during the maintenance of the vehicle, the ground maintenance system combines the functions of charging, in-cabin environmental control, and battery thermal management to pre-adjust the temperature of the immersed battery module in the vehicle during the charging process of the vehicle, thereby improving the charging efficiency. Moreover, by adjusting the in-cabin temperature in advance with the air blown out by the air conditioner reaching the expected temperature, the energy consumption during the operation of the vehicle is reduced, and the energy utilization efficiency and system integration degree of the ground maintenance system are improved.

[0111] In addition, in the technical solution of the present utility model, the thermal management module not only communicates with the device cavity where the charging power devices are installed to form a device heat exchange branch, but also can communicate with the battery cavity in the vehicle to form a battery heat exchange branch, so that during the charging process of the vehicle, the charging power devices in the device cavity are cooled in an immersed manner through the insulating heat exchange fluid, and the battery cells in the battery pack can also be cooled in an immersed manner, thereby providing a thermal management function for the battery pack and the external charging module itself together to support higher-power charging, and further improving the fast charging speed.

[0112] In addition, the insulating heat exchange fluid can also cool the wire cores and charging terminals, etc. in an immersed manner. Compared with the air-cooling and liquid-cooling methods, its heat dissipation area is larger and the heat dissipation effect is better. Therefore, the ground maintenance system can support higher charging power.

[0113] In addition, by constructing the filler of the charging gun cable as a cable filling module made of a phase change material, and a fluid pipeline for the insulating heat exchange fluid to flow through is also arranged in the cable phase change module. During the process of the insulating heat exchange fluid flowing through the fluid pipeline, the insulating heat exchange fluid can cool the cable phase change module, thereby improving the heat storage capacity of the cable phase change module, so that the cable phase change module can absorb more heat dissipated by the wire cores. That is, under the premise that the charging power of the charging gun cable is determined, that is, the heat generation amount is determined, the cooling purpose of the charging gun cable can be achieved with a smaller amount of phase change material, thereby reducing the outer diameter of the charging gun cable and the weight of the charging gun cable. In other words, the charging gun cable with the same outer diameter size or weight can support higher-power charging.

[0114] In addition, the phase change material of the charging gun cable is provided in sections, significantly reducing the cable weight.

[0115] In addition, the charging gun head includes a gun head housing and a gun head inner core. The gun head inner core is axially movable along the gun head housing within the accommodation groove of the gun head housing. When the gun head inner core is inserted into the charging socket, the gun head inner core is forced to move to the designed connection position. At this time, each inner core pressure relief port on the gun head inner core is opposite to and communicated with the corresponding housing pressure relief port respectively, so that the housing pressure relief channel in the gun head housing is just communicated with the inner core pressure relief port. Thus, the pressure relief channel in the charging gun head is an openable and closable adjustable fit. When not inserted and mated with the charging socket, the housing pressure relief port and the inner core pressure relief port are misaligned and the pressure relief channel is not communicated. In this way, when performing airtightness detection on the channels through which the insulating heat exchange fluid such as the liquid inlet cooling cavity and the liquid outlet cooling cavity in the charging gun head flows on the ground, it is possible to avoid test errors caused by the communication of the pressure relief channel.

[0116] In addition, a low-voltage emergency power supply terminal is added to the charging gun head, which can avoid high-voltage power-on in scenarios such as ground debugging or fault diagnosis where the main power supply is not required, reducing system risks. In addition, both the charging socket and the charging gun head are compatible with the current standard charging interface, increasing the applicability of the system.

[0117] In addition, both the electric energy drive module for driving the movable vehicle to move and the external charging module for charging the battery pack of the vehicle are connected to the energy storage module. Thus, the electric energy used by both is provided by the energy storage module, reducing the cost of the ground maintenance system. And the detachable battery in the energy storage module has the same specifications as the vehicle battery pack. When the vehicle needs to replace the battery pack, the detachable battery on the ground maintenance system can be directly used as a spare part and replaced on the vehicle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0118] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings.

[0119] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the connection between the ground maintenance system provided by the present invention and the eVTOL;

[0120] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the refrigerant circuit of the ground maintenance system provided by the present invention;

[0121] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the flow of the insulating heat exchange fluid in the heat management module in an embodiment of the ground maintenance system provided by the present invention;

[0122] Figure 4Schematic diagram of the insulating heat exchange fluid flow in the heat management module in another embodiment of the ground maintenance system provided by the present utility model;

[0123] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the circuit in another embodiment of the ground maintenance system provided by the present utility model;

[0124] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the heat management module in another embodiment of the ground maintenance system provided by the present utility model; wherein, the device heat exchange branch and the battery heat exchange branch are connected in series;

[0125] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the circuit in yet another embodiment of the ground maintenance system provided by the present utility model;

[0126] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the series and parallel connection of the device heat exchange branch and the battery heat exchange branch in the ground maintenance system provided by the present utility model;

[0127] Figure 9 Cross-sectional schematic diagram of the charging gun cable in the ground maintenance system provided by the present utility model;

[0128] Figure 10 Profile schematic diagram of the charging gun cable in the ground maintenance system provided by the present utility model;

[0129] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the structure of the gun head main body in the ground maintenance system provided by the present utility model;

[0130] Figure 12 Profile schematic diagram of the gun head main body in the ground maintenance system provided by the present utility model;

[0131] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the structure of the handle in the ground maintenance system provided by the present utility model;

[0132] Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the connection between the handle and the inner core of the gun head in the ground maintenance system provided by the present utility model;

[0133] Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the chamber distribution of the inner core of the gun head in the ground maintenance system provided by the present utility model; wherein, the inner core of the gun head defines a liquid outlet cooling chamber and a liquid inlet cooling chamber;

[0134] Figure 16 Schematic diagram of the chamber distribution of the inner core of the gun head in the ground maintenance system provided by the present utility model; wherein, the inner core of the gun head defines a gun head cooling chamber;

[0135] Figure 17 Schematic diagram of the structure of the inner core of the gun head in the ground maintenance system provided by the present utility model;

[0136] Figure 18 is Figure 17 the B-B view of;

[0137] Figure 19 is Figure 17 the A-A view of;

[0138] Figure 20 is a schematic diagram of the end face of the gun head main body in the ground maintenance system provided by the present utility model;

[0139] Figure 21 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the gun head main body and the charging socket in the ground maintenance system provided by the present utility model;

[0140] Figure 22 is a schematic diagram of the end face of the charging socket;

[0141] Figure 23 is a sectional view of the charging socket;

[0142] Figure 24 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the locking tongue in the charging socket;

[0143] Figure 25 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the energy storage module and the rest of the functional modules in the ground maintenance system provided by the present utility model;

[0144] Figure 26 is a schematic diagram of the vehicle in the ground maintenance system provided by the present utility model; among them, the movable vehicle is a ground support vehicle.

[0145] Explanation of the reference numerals in the drawings:

[0146] 10. eVTOL; 12. Immersion battery module; 12A. Battery cavity; 122. Battery cell; 17. Charging socket; 171. Insertion slot; 172. Standard DC charging interface; 173. Aircraft terminal interface; 174a. First extended mating area; 174b. Second extended mating area; 175. Latching hook; 176. Base body; 1761. Component accommodation cavity; 177. Limit rod; 1771. Small-diameter part; 1772. Large-diameter part; 178. Lock tongue; 1781. Second mating hole; 1782. First mating hole; 1791. Third elastic member; 1792. Second elastic member; 100. Aircraft body; 110. Device cavity; 1111. First device hole; 1112. Second device hole; 112. Fluid interface; 200. Refrigerant circuit; 200a. Main pipeline; 200b. First refrigerant branch; 200c. Second refrigerant branch; 201. First heat exchanger; 202. Compressor; 203. Air heat exchanger; 204. Fluid heat exchanger; 204a. First fluid heat exchanger; 204b. Second fluid heat exchanger; 205. Second fan; 207. First throttling assembly; 208. Second throttling assembly; 209. First PTC heater; 2041. Medium pump-out pipe; 300. Off-aircraft air delivery pipeline; 310. First fan; 320. Air purification assembly; 400. External charging module; 410. Charging power device; 500. Thermal management module; 501. Device heat exchange branch; 502. Battery heat exchange branch; 503. Insulating heat exchange fluid; 504. First three-way pipe; 505. Second three-way pipe; 500a. First thermal management sub-module; 500b. Second thermal management sub-module; 510. Medium storage tank; 511. Medium return pipe; 520. Pump; 510a. First sub-medium storage tank; 520a. First sub-pump; 510b. Second sub-medium storage tank; 520b. Second sub-pump; 530. Inflation branch; 531. Gas storage device; 532. Gas pipeline valve; 610. Charging gun head; 611. Gun head body; 620. Charging gun cable; 621. Core; 622. Protective layer; 623. Cable phase change module; 6231. First sub-phase change filler; 6233. Fluid pipeline; 6233a. Liquid outlet pipe; 6233b. Liquid inlet pipe; 6234. Fluid flow-through channel; 6236. First cable cooling channel; 6237. Second cable cooling channel; 6111. Gun head housing; 61111. Accommodation groove; 61112. Cable routing cavity; 61113. Cable integration head; 61114. Water pipe; 61115. Operating member; 61116. Status indicator light; 6112. Gun head inner core; 61121a. Liquid outlet cooling cavity; 61121b. Liquid inlet cooling cavity; 61121c. Gun head cooling cavity; 61122. Boss; 61123. First standard cavity; 61124. Second standard cavity; 61125. Handle chute; 61126. Standard charging interface area; 61127a. First extended area;61127b, Second expansion area; 61128, Y-shaped tube; 61129, Inner core pressure relief port; 6113, Pipe joint; 6114, First elastic member; 6115, Handle; 61151, Intermediate pressure relief channel; 61152, Sliding part; 61153, Handle pressure relief port; 61154, Housing pressure relief port; 61155, Connecting pipe; 61156, Keyhole; 6116, Low-voltage emergency power supply terminal; 6117, Fastening member; 700, Energy storage module; 800, Electric energy drive module; 900, Movable vehicle.;

[0147] The realization, functional features and advantages of the purpose of the present utility model will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in combination with the embodiments. Specific embodiments

[0148] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without creative work shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0149] It should be noted that if there are directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back...) in the embodiments of the present utility model, the directional indications are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement conditions between components in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly.

[0150] In addition, if there are descriptions such as "first" and "second" in the embodiments of the present utility model, the descriptions of "first" and "second" are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, if "and / or" or "and / or" appears throughout the text, its meaning includes three parallel solutions. Taking "A and / or B" as an example, it includes solution A, solution B, or a solution where A and B are satisfied simultaneously. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the fact that those of ordinary skill in the art can implement them. When the combination of technical solutions results in contradictions or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the protection scope required by the present utility model.

[0151] With the popularization of electric vehicles such as new energy vehicles, eVTOLs, and new energy ships, which use batteries as the main power source, charging devices such as charging piles play an increasingly important role and have increasingly high indicators as battery charging equipment. During the charging process of electric vehicles, challenges such as a large amount of heat generated by rapid charging of the battery pack are faced. Therefore, battery thermal management is required during the charging process. That is, before the electric vehicle operates, ground service equipment can be used to perform maintenance and support operations such as charging and battery thermal management on it.

[0152] During the process of the ground service equipment performing rapid charging and battery thermal management on the battery pack of the vehicle, a large amount of heat will be generated by the battery pack itself and the power devices in the charging module within the ground service equipment, thus affecting the maintenance efficiency.

[0153] Therefore, how to dissipate heat from the power devices that generate heat in the battery pack and the charging module itself during the charging process through the ground service equipment has become a technical problem that needs to be urgently solved by those skilled in the art.

[0154] For this reason, the present utility model provides a ground maintenance system, which will be specifically described below in conjunction with some specific embodiments.

[0155] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the present utility model proposes a ground maintenance system. The ground maintenance system is separately arranged from the vehicle and is used to perform maintenance and support on the vehicle. It should be noted that the vehicle includes, but is not limited to, new energy vehicles, eVTOLs, new energy ships, etc. Hereinafter, the vehicle is taken as an example of eVTOL10 for illustration.

[0156] It is understandable that the eVTOL 10 has a battery pack. The battery pack can supply electrical energy to the power unit of the eVTOL 10, or can also supply electrical energy to on-board systems such as the on-board environmental control system and the on-board lighting system. The battery pack includes a module housing having a battery cavity 12A and battery cells 122 installed in the battery cavity 12A. The module housing has a first battery cavity hole and a second battery cavity hole communicating with the battery cavity 12A. The first battery cavity hole is for the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 to flow in, and the second battery cavity hole is for the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 to flow out. And both the first battery cavity hole and the second battery cavity hole are provided in the upper part of the top wall or the side wall of the module housing. In addition, the module housing is a housing structure with a sealed design, so that the internal battery cavity 12A can be used to fill the insulating heat exchange fluid 503. When the battery cavity 12A is filled with the insulating heat exchange fluid 503, the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 can completely submerge the battery cells 122, so as to contact the battery cells 122 for heat exchange, transfer the heat of the battery cells 122 to the module housing, and exchange heat with the external environment through the module housing, which is beneficial to improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the battery cells 122. It is understandable that there are many structural forms of the battery cells 122, such as being configured as one or more of soft-pack battery cells, square battery cells, and cylindrical battery cells. In addition, the battery cavity 12A can be a single battery cavity, or can also be a communicating chamber formed by connecting multiple battery cavities through pipelines.

[0157] In addition, the eVTOL 10 also has an aircraft terminal interface. The aircraft terminal interface includes an aircraft terminal medium inlet hole communicating with the first battery cavity hole and an aircraft terminal medium outlet hole communicating with the second battery cavity hole. Of course, the aircraft terminal interface can be integrated into the charging socket 17 on the eVTOL 10 that cooperates with the charging gun, so as to avoid a significant increase in the weight of the eVTOL and waste of the fuselage space of the eVTOL.

[0158] In a possible implementation manner, the battery cavity 12A can also be used to fill a non-combustible gas. When the battery cavity 12A is filled with the non-combustible gas, the battery cells 122 are in contact with the non-combustible gas. In this way, the contact area between the battery cells 122 and oxygen is reduced. When the battery pack undergoes a thermal runaway, the non-combustible gas can inhibit the combustion of the battery pack. It is worth mentioning that due to the filling of the non-combustible gas, the water vapor in the battery cavity 12A is reduced. In this way, the occurrence of condensate water in the battery cavity 12A is reduced, thereby avoiding the insulation failure of the battery pack.

[0159] In a possible implementation manner, a phase change module is also provided in the battery cavity 12A. At this time, the battery cells 122 can directly exchange heat with the phase change module, which is beneficial to improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the battery cells 122. For example, a phase change module is provided between two adjacent battery cells 122. In this way, the heat between two adjacent battery cells 122 can be dissipated through the phase change module, avoiding heat accumulation between two adjacent battery cells 122, which is beneficial to improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the battery pack.

[0160] In this embodiment, the ground maintenance system includes a body 100, an external charging module 400, a cold and heat source module, an off-body air delivery pipeline 300, and a thermal management module 500.

[0161] A device cavity 110 is defined inside the body 100, and the body 100 further includes a charging interface, a fluid interface 112, and an air interface; the external charging module is disposed inside the device cavity 110, and the external charging module 400 is connected to the charging interface; the cold and heat source module is disposed inside the body 100, and the cold and heat source module defines a refrigerant circuit 200; the off-body air delivery pipeline 300 is disposed inside the body 100, and the off-body air delivery pipeline 300 is communicated with the air interface for delivering air into a vehicle when the air interface is connected to the vehicle; wherein, the refrigerant inside the refrigerant circuit 200 exchanges heat with the air inside the off-body air delivery pipeline 300; the thermal management module 500 is disposed inside the body 100, and the thermal management module 500 is communicated with the device cavity 110 to form a device heat exchange branch 501 for the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 of the thermal management module 500 to flow in the device heat exchange branch 501 and fill into the device cavity 110, and the thermal management module 500 is communicated with the fluid interface 112 for forming a battery heat exchange branch 502 with the battery cavity 12A of the vehicle when the fluid interface 112 is connected to the vehicle, for the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 to flow in the battery heat exchange branch 502 and fill into the battery cavity 12A; wherein, the refrigerant also exchanges heat with the insulating heat exchange fluid 503.

[0162] Specifically, the body 100 is a structural load-bearing part or a structural framework part of the ground maintenance system, and the remaining components of the ground maintenance system are carried or assembled on the body 100.

[0163] The cold and heat source module is disposed inside the body 100, and its structure is to generate or regulate the refrigerant. Wherein, a refrigerant circuit 200 for refrigerant distribution is further defined inside the cold and heat source module. The refrigerant circulates in the refrigerant circuit 200 to be delivered into a designed heat exchange space, so as to exchange heat with corresponding substances, such as air or the insulating heat exchange fluid 503. Specifically, the refrigerant circuit 200 includes a compressor 202, a first heat exchanger 201, and at least one second heat exchanger.

[0164] As an option of this embodiment, the number of the second heat exchangers is one. And this one second heat exchanger is also connected within the in-vitro air delivery pipeline 300 and within the thermal management module 500. Thus, when the refrigerant circuit 200 operates in the heating mode, the liquid refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit 200 evaporates into a gas at the first heat exchanger 201 (used as an evaporator) and absorbs the heat in the outside air of the environment where the ground maintenance system is located. Then it is compressed into a high-temperature and high-pressure gas by the compressor 202. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas enters the second heat exchanger. A part of the high-temperature and high-pressure gas exchanges heat with the air in the in-vitro air delivery pipeline 300 and condenses into a low-temperature and high-pressure liquid, and another part of the high-temperature and high-pressure gas exchanges heat with the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 in the thermal management module 500 and is condensed into a low-temperature and high-pressure gas. A large amount of heat is released during the process of the high-temperature and high-pressure gas condensing into a low-temperature and high-pressure gas.

[0165] When the refrigerant circuit 200 operates in the cooling mode, the low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit 200 is sucked into the compressor 202, and the compressor 202 compresses it into a high-temperature and high-pressure gas. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas enters the first heat exchanger 201 (used as a condenser) and is cooled and condensed into a high-pressure liquid refrigerant, and a large amount of heat is released. This heat is dissipated into the outside air of the environment where the ground maintenance system is located. After the high-pressure liquid refrigerant passes through the throttling component, both the pressure and the temperature decrease, and it becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid mixture refrigerant. The low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant enters the second heat exchanger and exchanges heat with the air in the in-vitro air delivery pipeline 300 or with the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 in the thermal management module 500 and is evaporated into a gas, so that the temperature of the air in the in-vitro air delivery pipeline 300 and the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 in the thermal management module 500 both decrease. The evaporated gaseous refrigerant is sucked into the compressor 202 again to start the next cycle.

[0166] Or, as another option of this embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the refrigerant circuit 200 includes a main pipeline 200a, a first refrigerant branch 200b connected to the main pipeline 200a, and a second refrigerant branch 200c. The main pipeline 200a includes the compressor 202 and the first heat exchanger 201. The first refrigerant branch 200b and the second refrigerant branch 200c are connected in parallel and then connected in series to the main pipeline 200a. The refrigerant in the first refrigerant branch 200b exchanges heat with the air in the in-vitro air delivery pipeline 300, and the refrigerant in the second refrigerant branch 200c exchanges heat with the insulating heat exchange fluid 503.

[0167] Thus, when the refrigerant circuit 200 operates in the heating mode, the liquid refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit 200 evaporates into a gas at the first heat exchanger 201 (used as an evaporator) and absorbs the heat from the outside air in the environment where the ground maintenance system is located. Then, it is compressed into a high-temperature and high-pressure gas by the compressor 202 in the main pipeline 200a. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas is divided into two paths and enters the first refrigerant branch 200b and the second refrigerant branch 200c respectively. In the first refrigerant branch 200b and the second refrigerant branch 200c, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas exchanges heat with the air in the isolated air delivery pipeline 300 and condenses into a low-temperature and high-pressure liquid, or the high-temperature and high-pressure gas exchanges heat with the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 in the thermal management module 500 and is condensed into a low-temperature and high-pressure gas. A large amount of heat is released during the process of the high-temperature and high-pressure gas condensing into a low-temperature and high-pressure gas.

[0168] When the refrigerant circuit 200 operates in the cooling mode, the low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit 200 is sucked into the compressor 202, and the compressor 202 compresses it into a high-temperature and high-pressure gas. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas enters the first heat exchanger 201 (used as a condenser) and is condensed into a high-pressure liquid refrigerant, releasing a large amount of heat. This heat is dissipated into the outside air in the environment where the ground maintenance system is located. After passing through the throttling component, the pressure and temperature of the high-pressure liquid refrigerant both decrease, becoming a low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid mixture refrigerant. The low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant is divided into two paths and enters the first refrigerant branch 200b and the second refrigerant branch 200c respectively, and exchanges heat with the air in the isolated air delivery pipeline 300 or with the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 in the thermal management module 500 and is evaporated into a gas, so that the temperature of the air in the isolated air delivery pipeline 300 and the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 in the thermal management module 500 both decrease. The evaporated gaseous refrigerant is sucked into the compressor 202 again to start the next cycle.

[0169] In the above two options, when the refrigerant circuit 200 only includes one second heat exchanger, the circuit structure is simpler. When the refrigerant circuit 200 includes the first refrigerant branch 200b and the second refrigerant branch 200c in parallel, it can ensure that the heat exchange between the air output from the air conditioner and the refrigerant, and the heat exchange between the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 and the refrigerant do not interfere with each other, so as to ensure that the air output from the air conditioner and the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 with the ideal temperature are prepared.

[0170] Of course, the refrigerant circuit 200 can be just a single-cooling refrigerant circuit, or a single-heating refrigerant circuit, or it can also be a heat pump system, thus having both the cooling mode and the heating mode. This embodiment does not limit this.

[0171] The off - vehicle air delivery pipeline 300 is an air duct assembly that is off - vehicle from the eVTOL 10 and has an inlet and an outlet. The inlet can communicate with the outside air in the environment where the ground maintenance system is located, so that fresh air can be inhaled. In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 , the ground maintenance system further includes a first fan 310, and the first fan 310 is arranged at the inlet of the off - vehicle air delivery pipeline 300. The first fan 310 continuously introduces a large amount of fresh air through rotation to supply the air required by the cabin of the eVTOL 10.

[0172] Since the second heat exchanger exchanges heat with the air in the off - vehicle air delivery pipeline 300, the air flowing in the off - vehicle air delivery pipeline 300 is heated or cooled by the refrigerant flowing through the second heat exchanger, thus forming air - conditioned air output. And the off - vehicle air delivery pipeline 300 is detachably connected to the vehicle. That is, when the eVTOL 10 is ready to take off, the outlet of the off - vehicle air delivery pipeline 300 is separated from the eVTOL. When the eVTOL 10 lands and enters the ground maintenance stage or the pre - takeoff maintenance stage, the outlet of the off - vehicle air delivery pipeline 300 is connected to the eVTOL 10. Thus, when the eVTOL 10 lands and enters the ground maintenance stage or the pre - takeoff maintenance stage, the off - vehicle air delivery pipeline 300 continuously delivers air - conditioned air output to the eVTOL 10, thereby adjusting the temperature inside the eVTOL to the set temperature.

[0173] And since the second heat exchanger exchanges heat with the insulating heat - exchange fluid 503 in the thermal management module 500. The insulating heat - exchange fluid 503 is heated or cooled by the refrigerant flowing through the second heat exchanger, thereby changing its temperature.

[0174] Inside the body 100, there is a device cavity 110, and this device cavity 110 is used to install the external charging module 400 that provides charging services. It can be understood that the external charging module 400 includes, but is not limited to, a fast - charging circuit and / or a slow - charging circuit, and a charging control circuit that controls the fast - charging circuit and / or the slow - charging circuit to provide charging services. Among them, the fast - charging circuit is used to provide fast - charging services, and the slow - charging circuit is used to provide normal charging services. In one example, the external charging module 400 further includes a detection circuit for monitoring the operating state of the external charging module 400 itself, and an isolation circuit for quickly discharging the residual energy in the circuit during state switching to improve the safety of the external charging module 400, etc.

[0175] The external charging module 400 is composed of various charging power devices 410, and the charging power devices 410 include, but are not limited to, DC-DC converters, AC-DC converters, batteries, capacitors, inductors, induction coils, rectifier bridges, high-voltage buses, switching tubes, fuse protectors, diodes, and various cables. It can be understood that when all the charging power devices 410 of the external charging module 400 are integrated in one chamber, the device chamber 110 can be one chamber. Or, when all the charging power devices 410 of the external charging module 400 are distributed in multiple chambers, the device chamber 110 can also be a connected body formed by connecting multiple chambers through pipelines, and this embodiment does not limit this. It is worth mentioning that the device chamber 110 is a chamber with a sealed design, so as to separate the environment inside the device chamber 110 from the environment outside the device chamber 110, so as to prevent the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 from leaking from the device chamber 110 when flowing inside the device chamber 110. In addition, the chamber structure of the device chamber 110 with a sealed design can also make the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 completely fill the device chamber 110 and completely submerge all the charging power devices 410. The device chamber 110 can be filled with the insulating heat exchange fluid 503, or it can be that the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 submerges all the charging power devices 410. The insulating heat exchange fluid 503 exchanges heat with each charging power device 410 inside the device chamber 110 to cool each charging power device 410. Please refer to Figure 4 , it can be understood that there are a first device hole 1111 and a second device hole 1112 inside the body 100 that communicate with the device chamber 110. The first device hole 1111 is for the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 to flow in, and the second device hole 1112 is for the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 to flow out. Of course, in order to make the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 completely submerge the charging power devices 410, both the first device hole 1111 and the second device hole 1112 are also provided on the top wall or the upper part of the side wall of the device chamber 110. In addition, corresponding flow channels or guiding structures can be provided inside the body 100 to ensure that the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 circulates to each charging power device 410 to ensure the immersion effect.

[0176] The thermal management module 500 is used to provide the thermal management function for the ground maintenance system itself and the battery pack of the eVTOL during charging. Specifically, the thermal management module 500 is used to provide the insulating heat exchange fluid 503, and has a heat exchange component for driving the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 to flow in the battery heat exchange branch 502 and the device heat exchange branch 501. The insulating heat exchange fluid 503 can be a coolant, so that the heat generated by the heating battery cells 122 and the charging power device 410 can be taken away during the flowing process. Since the heat of the ground maintenance system itself comes from the heat generated by the charging power device 410 during charging, and since the heat of the battery pack comes from the heat generated by the battery cells 122, thus in this embodiment, both the charging power device 410 in the device cavity 110 and the battery cells 122 of the battery pack are provided with immersion cooling to improve the thermal management efficiency.

[0177] Specifically, the thermal management module 500 is communicated with the device cavity 110, so as to form a device heat exchange branch 501. At this time, the cooled insulating heat exchange fluid 503 enters the device cavity 110 through the first device hole 1111, and directly contacts with each charging power device 410 in the device cavity 110, so as to take away the heat generated by the charging power device 410 and heat up. The heated insulating heat exchange fluid 503 leaves the device cavity 110 through the second device hole 1112 and continues to move forward along the device heat exchange branch 501, so as to take away the heat from the device cavity 110. Moreover, when the airframe is connected to the eVTOL through the fluid interface 112, the thermal management module 500 is also communicated with the battery cavity 12A on the eVTOL 10, so as to form a battery heat exchange branch 502, so as to supply the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 to flow in the battery heat exchange branch 502. When the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 enters the battery cavity 12A through the first battery cavity hole, it can directly contact with the battery cells 122 in the battery cavity 12A, so as to perform thermal management on the battery cells 122, and then flow out along the second battery cavity hole.

[0178] The insulating heat exchange fluid 503 is an insulating and non-flammable coolant. It should be noted that, in one embodiment, the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 is deionized water, electronic fluorinated liquid, hydrocarbon, ester or silicone oil. In this way, the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 has the characteristics of high insulation, high specific heat capacity, high thermal conductivity, non-combustible, non-flammable, non-toxic and low chemical activity. In addition, even if the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 in this embodiment leaks, safety problems can be avoided. Optionally, in one embodiment, the electronic fluorinated liquid is configured as hydrofluoroether or hydrofluoroolefin. Optionally, in one embodiment, the hydrocarbon is configured as mineral oil or synthetic hydrocarbon oil, such as transformer oil. Optionally, in one embodiment, the ester is configured as triglyceride or synthetic ester. Optionally, in one embodiment, the silicone oil is configured as dimethyl silicone oil.

[0179] It is worth mentioning that the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 in the battery pack can also be input into the battery pack by the thermal management module 500 only when the eVTOL 10 is being charged, so that the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 directly contacts the battery cells 122 in the battery pack to conduct heat exchange, thereby changing the temperature of the battery pack. Or, in a feasible implementation, the battery pack is also filled with a battery heat exchange medium to form an immersion-cooled battery pack. In this way, during the flight of the eVTOL 10, the battery cells 122 in the immersion-cooled battery pack are cooled by the battery heat exchange medium. And the material of the battery heat exchange medium is the same as that of the insulating heat exchange fluid 503. Thus, the ground maintenance system provided in this embodiment can be compatible with the immersion-cooled battery pack, that is, when the thermal management module 500 is connected to the battery chamber 12A, the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 and the battery heat exchange medium can be directly fused and mixed without first emptying the battery heat exchange medium in the battery chamber 12A and then inputting the insulating heat exchange fluid 503, thereby improving the convenience of maintenance and reducing the maintenance difficulty.

[0180] For example, during the landing of the eVTOL 10, the power of the eVTOL 10 is relatively large, and the heat generated by the immersion battery module 12 is relatively large and thus in a high-temperature state. For example, the temperature of the immersion battery module 12 is greater than 40°C. Therefore, after landing, the immersion battery module 12 cannot be charged immediately to avoid overheating of the battery cells 122. At this time, the cooled insulating heat exchange fluid 503 can be used as a coolant to adjust the temperature of the immersion battery module 12 and lower the temperature of the battery cells 122, for example, lower the temperature to between 25°C and 30°C, so that the battery cells 122 have a high electrochemical activity. Then the immersion battery module 12 can be charged. It can be seen that under the adjustment of the thermal management module 500, the ground maintenance time of the eVTOL is shortened, and the operation efficiency of the eVTOL is improved. Or, when the ambient temperature is relatively low, for example, when the ambient temperature is less than 15°C, the temperature of the immersion battery module 12 can be increased through the thermal management module 500 to raise the temperature of the battery cells 122, for example, raise the temperature of the immersion battery module 12 to within the appropriate operating temperature range, so that the battery cells 122 have a high electrochemical activity. Thus, when the temperature of the immersion battery module 12 is relatively high, the eVTOL 10 can be charged. In this way, the power consumption of the eVTOL 10 itself is reduced, and the environmental adaptability range of the eVTOL 10 is increased.

[0181] Alternatively, based on the eVTOL 10 having a submerged battery module 12, in another embodiment, the on-board air conditioning circuit of the on-board environmental control system includes a battery heat exchanger and a cabin heat exchanger connected by pipelines to form a circulation circuit. The battery heat exchanger is disposed in the battery chamber 12A and is heat exchange-connected to a phase change medium. The phase change medium is used to absorb and store the heat generated in the cabin, or transfer the stored heat to the refrigerant of the on-board air conditioning circuit. Of course, the on-board air conditioning circuit of the on-board environmental control system may not be coupled to the battery pack, and the external heat exchanger may still be used to exchange heat with the external air. That is, in this embodiment, the external heat exchanger of the on-board air conditioning circuit is cancelled, and it is integrated into the battery pack of the eVTOL 10 to form a battery heat exchanger. The battery heat exchanger is disposed in the phase change medium to be heat exchange-connected to the phase change medium, so as to realize the heat exchange between the refrigerant in the battery heat exchanger and the phase change medium.

[0182] It can be understood that, in order to achieve the purpose of the phase change medium storing the heat transferred out from the cabin by the refrigerant, or transferring the heat stored in advance to the refrigerant, when the tasks performed by the eVTOL are different, it may be necessary to perform preliminary treatment on the phase change medium in the battery pack in advance on the ground, that is, to determine the operating mode and / or set temperature of the on-board air conditioning circuit through the flight mission, and then determine the phase state of the phase change medium, and further determine the temperature of the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 to be introduced. For example, when the flight mission of the eVTOL 10 requires the on-board air conditioning circuit to operate in the cooling mode, at this time, the cooled insulating heat exchange fluid 503 can be introduced through the thermal management module 500 in advance on the ground to cool the phase change medium in the battery pack, so that the phase state of the phase change medium meets the requirements of the mission. Or, in another example, the mission scenario of the eVTOL 10 is in a high-latitude area in the Northern Hemisphere, and the temperature is relatively low on that day. It can be determined that during the flight, the on-board air conditioning circuit needs to enter the heating mode. Then it is necessary for the phase change medium in the submerged battery module 12 to store heat in advance so as to transfer heat to the refrigerant. At this time, the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 can be the heated insulating heat exchange fluid 503. After the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 is introduced into the submerged battery module 12, the phase change medium is heated up to store heat.

[0183] It is not difficult to see that this embodiment provides a ground maintenance system, which can control the temperature of the battery pack of the vehicle, and at the same time can also control the temperature of the external charging module 400, and can also provide air conditioning air supply to the vehicle. Among them, while controlling the temperature of the battery pack of the vehicle, it can also control the temperature of the external charging module 400 at the same time, so that during the charging process of the vehicle, the charging power device 410 in the device cavity 110 is immersed and cooled through the insulating heat exchange fluid 503, and the battery cells 122 in the battery pack can also be immersed and cooled, so as to provide a thermal management function for the battery pack and the external charging module 400 itself together to support higher-power charging, and further improve the fast charging speed.

[0184] It is easy to understand that different from the cabin environmental control of traditional civil airliners or helicopters which uses the air cycle refrigeration principle for refrigeration and mixes the air after refrigeration and dehumidification with the compressor air introduced from the engine to achieve temperature regulation and dehumidification, there is no compressor air available for cabin environmental control on eVTOL. Compressors and heating devices need to be added according to the required cooling capacity and air volume for the design to meet the regulation of the cabin environmental temperature. Obviously, the greater the cooling capacity, the greater the weight of the corresponding equipment, and the weight of eVTOL is extremely important and crucial. Therefore, it is urgent to quickly adjust the temperature of the cabin environmental control without additional increasing the weight and power consumption index of eVTOL to improve the comfort of passengers. In addition, the ground maintenance and function restoration of eVTOL before takeoff is an important part of its operation process. How to efficiently, safely and energy-savingly complete the ground preparation work of eVTOL in the daily operation process has become a key indicator under the future high-frequency operation requirements. Specifically, the main requirements of eVTOL in the ground preparation state include high-rate rapid charging, and rapid temperature regulation of the battery and the cabin environment, so as to improve the duty flight efficiency of eVTOL, improve the riding experience of the crew, and improve the battery operation safety during flight. In this regard, combined with the ground maintenance requirements in the operation process of eVTOL, this embodiment can quickly adjust the temperature in the cabin to the target temperature matching the flight mission during the rapid charging of the vehicle, thereby improving the energy utilization efficiency and system integration degree of the ground maintenance system. In addition, during the waiting and passenger boarding stages in the operation process of eVTOL10, the ground maintenance system controls the temperature in the cabin, improving the comfort of passengers without increasing power consumption. It can be seen that this embodiment reduces the energy consumption during the operation of the vehicle and improves the overall performance of the vehicle. At the same time, during the waiting for takeoff after the passengers board the plane, the air outlet of the air conditioner is continuously introduced into the cabin through the off-body air delivery pipeline 300 to continuously control the temperature in the cabin, and the temperature in the cabin reaches the appropriate temperature for passengers in the shortest time, which can effectively reduce the temperature demand of passengers after takeoff and reduce the use demand of the on-board environmental control system during flight. Since both the off-body air delivery pipeline 300 and the thermal management module 500 are detachably arranged with eVTOL, in the later stage of the takeoff preparation stage, the ground maintenance system can be quickly disassembled and removed to reach the takeoff condition in the shortest time.

[0185] In addition, when the same eVTOL10 continuously performs short-distance flight missions, usually after the end of the previous mission, there is an odor in the air in the cabin, which will bring an uncomfortable feeling to the passengers boarding the next flight. Therefore, a ground maintenance system provided in this embodiment optionally supplies fresh air on the ground to the cockpit and / or the cabin, thereby removing pollutants such as dust, odor, bacteria, and viruses in the cabin air and keeping the air in the cabin clean, which can effectively improve the comfort of passengers.

[0186] In addition, in one embodiment, the refrigerant circuit 200 further includes a second fan 205 disposed at the first heat exchanger 201. When the refrigerant circuit 200 operates in the cooling mode, the second fan 205 generates wind by rotating, driving air to circulate through the surface of the first heat exchanger 201, thereby taking away the heat on the air heat exchanger 203 and ensuring that the first heat exchanger 201 can continuously and effectively perform heat exchange. When the refrigerant circuit 200 operates in the heating mode, the second fan 205 helps the refrigerant to exchange heat with the outside air faster by increasing the air flow rate, thereby improving the heating efficiency.

[0187] In one embodiment, the first refrigerant branch 200b further includes a first solenoid valve (not shown); and / or the second refrigerant branch 200c further includes a second solenoid valve (not shown).

[0188] Specifically, the first refrigerant branch 200b may be provided with a first solenoid valve, which can be switched between an open state and a closed state. When the first solenoid valve is in the closed state, the first refrigerant branch 200b is cut off, so that the first refrigerant branch 200b does not cool or heat the air in the off-body air delivery pipeline 300. The second refrigerant branch 200c may be provided with a second solenoid valve, which can also be switched between an open state and a closed state. When the second solenoid valve is in the closed state, the second refrigerant branch 200c is cut off, that is, the second refrigerant branch 200c does not cool or heat the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 in the thermal management module 500.

[0189] Of course, in the refrigerant circuit 200, it may be that only the first refrigerant branch 200b includes the first solenoid valve, or only the second refrigerant branch 200c includes the second solenoid valve, or the first refrigerant branch 200b includes the first solenoid valve and the second refrigerant branch 200c includes the second solenoid valve. This embodiment does not limit this.

[0190] It should be noted that it is not always necessary to introduce the air-conditioning outlet air and the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 into the vehicle at the same time. For example, in the aforementioned continuous short-distance flight mission, the eVTOL may not need to be charged every time. At this time, the vehicle only needs fresh air-conditioning outlet air. Switch the second solenoid valve to the closed state, then the second refrigerant branch 200c does not work, and only the first refrigerant branch 200b works, so that the off-body air delivery pipeline 300 continuously delivers the air-conditioning outlet air to the eVTOL10. Or when the eVTOL10 only needs to be charged, switch the first solenoid valve to the closed state, then the first refrigerant branch 200b does not work, and only the second refrigerant branch 200c works, so that the thermal management module 500 continuously delivers the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 at a preset temperature to the eVTOL.

[0191] It is not difficult to see that in this embodiment, by providing solenoid valves on the first refrigerant branch 200b and / or the second refrigerant branch 200c, the state switching of the solenoid valves can be used to control the first refrigerant branch 200b and the second refrigerant branch 200c to work independently or together, so as to meet the requirements of various working conditions and avoid the unnecessary increase in energy consumption caused by the joint operation of the first refrigerant branch 200b and the second refrigerant branch 200c.

[0192] In one embodiment, the ground maintenance system further includes an air purification assembly 320, and the air purification assembly 320 is arranged at the inlet of the ex vivo air delivery pipeline 300.

[0193] The air purification assembly 320 is arranged at the inlet of the ex vivo air delivery pipeline 300 to purify the air, so that qualified air can be introduced into the cabin of the eVTOL 10, thereby improving the user experience. In one example, the air purification assembly 320 may include one or more of a HEPA (High Efficiency Particulate Air Filter) filter screen, an activated carbon filter screen, a negative ion generator, and an ozone generator installed at the inlet of the ex vivo air delivery pipeline 300.

[0194] It should be noted that the first refrigerant branch 200b and the ex vivo air delivery pipeline 300 can be in direct contact to promote heat transfer between the two. Alternatively, the second refrigerant branch 200c and the thermal management module 500 are in direct contact to promote heat connection between the two. However, the heat transfer efficiency of direct contact between pipelines is relatively low. To improve the heat exchange efficiency, in one embodiment, the ground maintenance system further includes: an air heat exchanger 203 and a fluid heat exchanger 204. The first side of the air heat exchanger 203 is connected inside the first refrigerant branch 200b, and the second side of the air heat exchanger 203 is connected inside the ex vivo air delivery pipeline 300, and is used for heat exchange between the refrigerant in the first refrigerant branch 200b and the air in the ex vivo air delivery pipeline 300; the first side of the fluid heat exchanger 204 is connected inside the second refrigerant branch 200c, and the second side of the fluid heat exchanger 204 is connected inside the thermal management module 500, and is used for heat exchange between the refrigerant in the second refrigerant branch 200c and the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 in the thermal management module 500.

[0195] It should be noted that the air heat exchanger 203 and the fluid heat exchanger 204 are the aforementioned second heat exchangers, and in this case, there are two second heat exchangers. It is worth mentioning that both of them can be configured as tubular heat exchangers, plate heat exchangers or direct heat exchangers and other structures, and this embodiment does not limit this.

[0196] In this embodiment, the first refrigerant branch 200b exchanges heat with the air in the off-body air delivery pipeline 300 through the air heat exchanger 203, and the second refrigerant branch 200c exchanges heat with the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 in the thermal management module 500 through the fluid heat exchanger 204. Thus, in this embodiment, the first heat exchanger 201, the air heat exchanger 203, and the fluid heat exchanger 204 form a heat pump air-conditioning circuit. The heat pump air-conditioning circuit exchanges heat by using the heat in the environment through the first heat exchanger 201, and can provide efficient heating and cooling effects with relatively low energy consumption. In addition, the heat pump air-conditioning circuit is applicable to different climate conditions and can operate stably whether in cold winter or hot summer, thereby improving the environmental adaptability of the ground maintenance system to cooperate with the popularization and use of eVTOL in various regions.

[0197] In the heat pump air-conditioning circuit, since the first refrigerant branch 200b and the second refrigerant branch 200c can work together, only one throttling component can be provided in the main pipeline 200a to reduce the system complexity of the refrigerant circuit 200. However, the control accuracy of a single throttling component is relatively low. Since there is only one throttling point in the entire refrigerant circuit 200, it is difficult to accurately adjust the cooling / heating requirements of the first refrigerant branch 200b and the second refrigerant branch 200c respectively.

[0198] Therefore, in one embodiment, the first refrigerant branch 200b further includes a first throttling component 207, and the second refrigerant branch 200c further includes a second throttling component 208. In this way, the first throttling component 207 can be independently adjusted according to the actual demand of the first refrigerant branch 200b, that is, the in-cabin temperature adjustment demand in the cabin of the eVTOL, and the second throttling component 208 can be independently adjusted according to the actual demand of the second refrigerant branch 200c, that is, the cell 122 temperature adjustment demand of the immersed battery module 12, so as to achieve precise control of each branch, and further reduce the unnecessary energy consumption of each branch and improve the overall energy efficiency of the refrigerant circuit 200. The first throttling component 207 and the second throttling component 208 can specifically be a thermal expansion valve or an electronic expansion valve, etc.

[0199] In one embodiment, the air heat exchanger 203 is provided with a first PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient) heater 209; and / or the fluid heat exchanger 204 is provided with a second PTC heater (not shown).

[0200] In this embodiment, an additional PTC heater can be provided for both the air heat exchanger 203 and the fluid heat exchanger 204 as an auxiliary electric heating element to improve the heating effect and efficiency of the refrigerant circuit 200. In addition, since the ground maintenance system is set separately from the vehicle, such as in a ground maintenance station at the airport or on a ground support vehicle, it is greatly affected by the environmental temperature of the airport. At this time, the PTC heater can stably provide the required heat in the refrigerant circuit 200, that is, provide air-conditioning air outlet and insulating heat exchange fluid 503 with small temperature fluctuations, thereby improving the user experience in the cabin and also improving the maintenance efficiency of the immersion battery module 12.

[0201] In addition, in relatively cold regions, the refrigerant circuit 200 starts up relatively slowly. The PTC heater can also quickly provide heated air-conditioning air outlet and / or insulating heat exchange fluid 503 to prevent the cabin temperature from not rising for a long time after the user enters the cabin and also prevent the battery from not being charged for a long time.

[0202] Please refer to Figure 4 , in one embodiment, the thermal management module 500 can include a first thermal management sub-module 500a and a second thermal management sub-module 500b. The first thermal management sub-module 500a is connected to the device heat exchange branch 501, and the second thermal management sub-module 500b is connected to the battery heat exchange branch 502.

[0203] The first thermal management sub-module 500a and the second thermal management sub-module 500b independently adjust the temperature of the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 in their respective branches. In this way, temperature control is independently carried out in the battery heat exchange branch 502 and the device heat exchange branch 501 without mutual influence, so as to improve safety and reduce the complexity of the temperature control program.

[0204] Please refer to Figure 5 , in a specific example, the fluid heat exchanger 204 includes two, namely the first fluid heat exchanger 204a and the second fluid heat exchanger 204b. The first thermal management sub-module 500a includes a first sub-medium storage tank 510a and a first sub-pump 520a. Among them, one end of the first sub-medium storage tank 510a is connected to the device cavity 110, the other end is connected to one end of the first sub-pump 520a, the other end of the first sub-pump 520a is connected to the first side of the first fluid heat exchanger 204a, and the second side of the first fluid heat exchanger 204a is connected to the device cavity 110 to form a circulation loop.

[0205] The second thermal management sub-module 500b includes a second sub-medium storage tank 510b and a second sub-pump 520b. Among them, one end of the second sub-medium storage tank 510b is communicated with the fluid interface 112, the other end is communicated with one end of the second sub-pump 520b, the other end of the second sub-pump 520b is communicated with the first side of the second fluid heat exchanger 204b, and the second side of the second fluid heat exchanger 204b is communicated with the fluid interface 112 to form a circulation loop. It is worth mentioning that the second side of the second fluid heat exchanger 204b can also be directly communicated with one end of the second sub-medium storage tank 510b through a switching branch to provide an emergency switching function.

[0206] Alternatively, please refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 , in an embodiment, the thermal management module 500 includes a main path, and the main path includes a medium storage tank 510 and a pump 520 that are sequentially connected through pipelines. The second side of the fluid heat exchanger 204 is connected in the main path and is connected to the outlet of the pump 520 through a pipeline. The medium storage tank 510 stores an insulating heat exchange fluid 503.

[0207] Among them, the medium storage tank 510 can be configured as an expansion tank, which stores an insulating heat exchange fluid 503. The capacity of the expansion tank needs to be determined according to the fluid consumption of the device heat exchange branch 501 and the fluid consumption in the battery heat exchange branch 502, and a certain margin is reserved. The pump 520 is used to drive the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 to flow in the battery heat exchange branch 502 and / or the device heat exchange branch 501. The power of the pump is calculated according to the flow resistance. The pump 520 can be integrated inside the fluid heat exchanger 204. The fluid heat exchanger 204 is used to exchange heat for the insulating heat exchange fluid 503. When the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 flows through the fluid heat exchanger 204, under the action of the fluid heat exchanger 204, the temperature of the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 is reduced, so that the temperature difference between the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 and the battery cell 122 and / or the charging power device 410 is relatively large, so that sufficient heat exchange can be performed on them.

[0208] Specifically, the expansion tank has a first tank opening and a second tank opening. The first tank opening is connected to the pump through a pipeline, the outlet of the pump is connected to the fluid heat exchanger 204 through a pipeline, and the fluid heat exchanger 204 has a medium pump-out pipe 2041. The second tank opening is connected with a medium return pipe 511. At this time, the medium return pipe 511, the expansion tank, the pump 520, the fluid heat exchanger 204, and the medium pump-out pipe 2041 are sequentially connected in series to form the main path of this embodiment.

[0209] As an alternative implementation, the device heat exchange branch 501 and the battery heat exchange branch 502 are connected in parallel and then connected in series to the main path to form a circulation loop. Specifically, please refer to Figure 8, a first three-way pipe 504 is connected to the medium pump outlet pipe 2041. One interface of the first three-way pipe 504 is communicated with a fluid interface 112 through a pipeline, and the other interface of the first three-way pipe 504 is communicated with the device cavity 110 through a pipeline; similarly, a second three-way pipe 505 is connected to the medium return pipe 511. One interface of the second three-way pipe 505 is communicated with the fluid interface 112 through a pipeline, and the other interface of the second three-way pipe 505 is communicated with the device cavity 110 through a pipeline. In this way, when the fluid interface 112 is communicated with the machine-end interface of the eVTOL, one interface of the first three-way pipe 504, the battery cavity 12A, and one interface of the second three-way pipe 505 are sequentially communicated to form a battery heat exchange branch 502, while the other interface of the first three-way pipe 504, the device cavity 110, and the other interface of the second three-way pipe 505 are sequentially communicated to form a device heat exchange branch 501.

[0210] In this embodiment, when the fluid interface 112 is connected to the machine-end interface of the eVTOL, the device heat exchange branch 501 and the battery heat exchange branch 502 are connected in parallel and then connected in series to the main path to form a circulation loop. At this time, the pump transports the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 into the fluid heat exchanger 204 for cooling. After cooling, the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 is divided into two paths at the first three-way pipe 504 after passing through the medium pump outlet pipe 2041:

[0211] Device heat exchange branch 501: The insulating heat exchange fluid 503 passes through the first device hole 1111 and enters the device cavity 110 to directly contact with each charging power device 410 for heat exchange and then warms up. The warmed insulating heat exchange fluid 503 passes through the second device hole 1112 and the pipeline and returns to the second three-way pipe 505, and then returns to the expansion tank through the medium return pipe 511;

[0212] Battery heat exchange branch 502: The insulating heat exchange fluid 503 enters the battery cavity 12A through the fluid interface 112 to directly contact with the battery cell 122 for heat exchange and then warms up. The warmed insulating heat exchange fluid 503 returns to the second three-way pipe 505 through the second battery cavity hole and the fluid interface 112, and then returns to the expansion tank through the medium return pipe 511.

[0213] In this embodiment, the device heat exchange branch 501 and the battery heat exchange branch 502 are connected in parallel to the same main path. In this way, the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 transported from the main path is divided into two paths and enters the device heat exchange branch 501 and the battery heat exchange branch 502, so that the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 cooled by the fluid heat exchanger 204 can enter the device heat exchange branch 501 or the battery heat exchange branch 502 as soon as possible for heat exchange. The insulating heat exchange fluids 503 in the two branches do not affect each other, and the cooling effects of the insulating heat exchange fluids 503 in the two branches can be ensured.

[0214] Alternatively, as another optional embodiment, the device heat exchange branch 501 and the battery heat exchange branch 502 are connected in series with the main path to form a circulation loop.

[0215] Please refer to Figure 6 , as an option of this embodiment: the medium pump-out pipe 2041 is connected to the first battery cavity hole of the battery cavity 12A through a pipeline and a fluid interface 112. A return pipeline is provided at the fluid interface 112. The battery cavity 12A is connected to the first device hole 1111 of the device cavity 110 through the second battery cavity hole, the fluid interface 112, and the return pipeline, while the second device hole 1112 of the device cavity 110 is connected to the medium return pipe 511. At this time, the main path, the battery heat exchange branch 502, and the device heat exchange branch 501 are connected in series in sequence, and the three form a circulation loop. The insulating heat exchange fluid 503 pumped out by the main path first enters the battery heat exchange branch 502, then enters the device heat exchange branch 501, and finally flows into the main path.

[0216] Or as another option of this embodiment: the medium return pipe 511 is connected to the second battery cavity hole of the battery cavity 12A through a pipeline and a fluid interface 112. A delivery pipeline is provided at the fluid interface 112. The first battery cavity hole of the battery cavity 12A is connected to the second device hole 1112 of the device cavity 110 through the fluid interface 112 and the delivery pipeline, while the first device hole 1111 of the device cavity 110 is connected to the medium pump-out pipe 2041. At this time, the main path, the device heat exchange branch 501, and the battery heat exchange branch 502 are connected in series in sequence, and the three form a circulation loop. The insulating heat exchange fluid 503 pumped out by the main path first enters the device heat exchange branch 501.

[0217] It is not difficult to see that compared with the parallel connection method, the pipeline connection of the series connection method is simpler. It should be noted that since the temperature tolerated by the charging power device 410 is higher than the temperature tolerated by the battery cells 122 in the battery pack, it is preferably that the battery heat exchange branch 502 is connected in series upstream of the device heat exchange branch 501. In this way, the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 cooled by the fluid heat exchanger 204 first flows through the battery heat exchange branch 502 to cool the battery cells 122, and then flows through the device heat exchange branch 501 to cool various charging power devices 410. In this method, the parameters of the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 can be designed corresponding to only the cooling requirements of the battery cells 122, without comprehensively considering the cooling requirements of the battery cells 122 and the charging power devices 410. In this way, not only can the cooling effect of the battery be ensured preferentially, but also the complexity of the temperature regulation of the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 can be reduced.

[0218] It can be easily seen that in this embodiment, both the device heat exchange branch 501 and the battery heat exchange branch 502 are temperature-controlled by the fluid heat exchanger 204 on the same main path, which reduces the number of components of the thermal management module 500 and can also reduce the volume and weight of the thermal management module 500, thus facilitating the miniaturization of the ground maintenance system.

[0219] In one embodiment, the thermal management module 500 further includes an inflation and liquid replacement assembly; wherein, the inflation and liquid replacement assembly is communicated with the battery heat exchange branch 502 and is used to input non-combustible gas into the battery cavity 12A to discharge the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 from the battery cavity 12A.

[0220] In this way, when the temperature of the battery pack is adjusted to the preset temperature or when it is fully charged, during the flight takeoff preparation stage of the eVTOL, the non-combustible gas can be introduced into the battery heat exchange branch 502 through the inflation and liquid replacement assembly. After the non-combustible gas enters the battery cavity 12A through one of the first battery cavity holes and the second battery cavity holes, the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 therein is extruded from the battery cavity 12A through the other of the first battery cavity holes and the second battery cavity holes. On the one hand, the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 in the battery cavity 12A is discharged, and on the other hand, during the flight of the eVTOL, the battery cavity 12A is filled with non-combustible gas to inhibit battery combustion when thermal runaway occurs in the battery cavity 12A.

[0221] Or, when it is necessary to repair and maintain the circuit in the device cavity 110 or for other reasons to discharge the insulating heat exchange fluid 503, it is also necessary to discharge the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 in the device cavity 110. For this reason, in one embodiment, the thermal management module 500 further includes an inflation and liquid replacement assembly, and the inflation and liquid replacement assembly is communicated with the device heat exchange branch 501 and is used to input non-combustible gas into the device cavity 110 to discharge the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 from the device cavity 110.

[0222] Specifically, when it is necessary to discharge the insulating heat exchange fluid 503, the non-combustible gas can be introduced into the device heat exchange branch 501 through the inflation and liquid replacement assembly. After the non-combustible gas enters the device cavity 110 through one of the first device holes 1111 and the second device holes 1112, the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 therein is extruded from the device cavity 110 through the other of the first device holes 1111 and the second device holes 1112, thereby discharging the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 in the device cavity 110.

[0223] Of course, in some feasible embodiments, when the battery heat exchange branch 502 is in series with the device heat exchange branch 501, an inflation and drainage assembly can be used to drain the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 in the battery chamber 12A and the device chamber 110 simultaneously. It should be noted that when the inflation and drainage assembly is operating, the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 can return to the expansion tank under the action of the non-combustible gas. In some examples, drainage branch roads communicating with the outside are connected to both the device heat exchange branch 501 and the battery heat exchange branch 502 through drainage switch valves. Thus, when draining the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 in the battery chamber 12A or the device chamber 110 through the inflation and drainage assembly, the drainage branch road is opened and the expansion tank is closed, and the battery chamber 12A or the device chamber 110 can communicate with the outside, thereby providing a drainage channel for the insulating heat exchange fluid 503.

[0224] The non-combustible gas in this embodiment refers to a gas other than combustible gas and combustion-supporting gas. In one embodiment, the non-combustible gas includes one or more of inert gas, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and sulfur hexafluoride.

[0225] Please refer to Figure 5 、 Figure 6 and Figure 7 , in one example, the inflation and liquid replacement assembly includes an inflation branch 530, and the inflation branch 530 includes a gas storage device 531 and a gas path valve 532 that are sequentially connected through pipelines; wherein, the output end of the inflation branch 530 is connected to the medium pump-out pipe 2041 of the fluid heat exchanger 204, and a switch valve (not shown) is provided in the pipeline between the fluid heat exchanger 204 and the output end of the inflation branch 530.

[0226] Specifically, the medium pump-out pipe 2041 of the fluid heat exchanger 204 is connected to a switching valve, and the switching valve is connected to a multi-way pipe (it can be a four-way pipe when the device heat exchange branch 501 and the battery heat exchange branch 502 are in parallel, and it can be a three-way pipe when the device heat exchange branch 501 and the battery heat exchange branch 502 are in series). One of the pipe orifices of the multi-way pipe is connected to an air path valve 532 through a pipeline, and the air path valve 532 is communicated with a gas storage device 531 through a pipeline. The gas storage device 531 can be a high-pressure gas storage device, and the air path valve 532 is a pressure reducing valve. In this way, the air pressure in the gas storage device 531 is relatively high. Under the action of the high air pressure, the non-combustible gas will pass through the fluid interface 112 along the pipeline and enter the battery chamber 12A in the eVTOL. After the non-combustible gas enters the battery chamber 12A, it squeezes the insulating heat exchange fluid 503, so that the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 is discharged from the battery chamber 12A. In addition, under the action of the pressure reducing valve, the high-pressure non-combustible gas in the gas storage device 531 can be depressurized and released to avoid the pipeline from bearing too high air pressure, so as to avoid damage to the pipeline, the battery cells 122 in the battery chamber 12A, and the charging power devices 410 in the device chamber 110. The switching valve provided between the fluid heat exchanger 204 and the charging branch 530 is used to switch to the closed state after the charging branch 530 starts to work, so as to prevent the non-combustible gas from entering the fluid heat exchanger 204 first, thereby improving the working efficiency of the charging and liquid discharging assembly.

[0227] Of course, in other embodiments, the charging branch 530 may also be provided with a pump body to provide power for the flow of the non-combustible gas. Or, in other embodiments, the charging and liquid discharging assembly may also be disposed in the battery pack or at the device chamber 110.

[0228] It can be understood that after the ground maintenance system is connected to the eVTOL through the fluid interface 112, not only a charging channel for power transmission needs to be established between the ground maintenance system and the eVTOL, but also a medium channel for the circulation of the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 needs to be established. This medium channel can be an independent medium channel cable. At this time, during charging, not only the charging gun needs to be connected to the eVTOL, but also this independent medium channel cable needs to be connected to the eVTOL.

[0229] Or, the medium channel can also be wholly or partly integrated into the charging gun of the charging pile. For example, in one embodiment, the ground maintenance system further includes a charging gun, and the charging gun includes a charging gun head 610 and a charging gun cable 620. The charging gun head 610 has a fluid interface 112 and a charging interface. The charging gun cable 620 is connected to the charging gun head 610. A plurality of wire cores 621 and a fluid pipeline 6233 are arranged in the charging gun cable 620. One end of the wire core 621 is connected to the charging interface, and the other end of the wire core 621 is connected to the external charging module 400. One end of the fluid pipeline 6233 is communicated with the fluid interface 112, and the other end of the fluid pipeline 6233 is communicated with the thermal management module 500.

[0230] In this embodiment, in addition to the charging interface, the charging gun head 610 is also provided with a fluid interface 112. In addition to the existing wire cores in the charging gun cable 620, a fluid pipeline 6233 is also provided. In order to prevent the volume and weight of the charging gun cable 620 from increasing significantly compared with the charging gun cable 620 in the related art, the number of the fluid interface 112 and the fluid pipeline 6233 can both be one. At this time, the fluid pipeline 6233 in the charging gun cable 620 is only one of the channels for the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 to flow out of the ground maintenance system and enter the eVTOL and the channel for the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 to flow through the battery chamber 12A and then return to the ground maintenance system, and the other of the channels for the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 to flow out of the ground maintenance system and enter the eVTOL and the channel for the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 to flow through the battery chamber 12A and then return to the ground maintenance system can be provided by a medium channel cable additionally provided on the ground maintenance system.

[0231] Alternatively, in order to reduce the number of components of the ground maintenance system and improve the operation convenience during the eVTOL charging, the channels for the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 to flow out of the ground maintenance system and enter the eVTOL and the channels for the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 to flow through the battery chamber 12A and then return to the ground maintenance system are both integrated on the charging gun cable 620. At this time, the number of the fluid interface 112 and the fluid pipeline 6233 is at least 2, that is, at least one inlet and one outlet.

[0232] In addition, in order to prevent the fluid pipeline 6233 from being blocked, any fluid pipeline 6233 in one direction can have a backup, so the number of the fluid interface 112 and the fluid pipeline 6233 can both be greater than 2. Alternatively, when there are multiple parallel battery packs (for example, battery packs are arranged on both wings of the eVTOL and the battery packs are connected in parallel with each other), the number of the fluid interface 112 and the fluid pipeline 6233 is both greater than 2, so as to provide medium channels for the corresponding battery packs through different fluid pipelines 6233 respectively.

[0233] It is worth mentioning that the fluid interface 112 and the fluid pipeline 6233 can be connected to each other in a one-to-one correspondence, or a fluid interface 112 can be connected to two fluid pipelines 6233 to reduce the cross-sectional area of a single fluid pipeline 6233 so as to ensure the structural strength of the charging gun cable 620. Or a fluid pipeline 6233 is connected to multiple fluid interfaces 112. For example, when there are multiple battery packs, each battery pack is respectively connected to a fluid interface 112, and this one fluid pipeline 6233 conveys the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 to all the battery packs together.

[0234] It can be easily seen that in this embodiment, by integrating the medium channel for the flow of the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 into the charging gun cable 620, the charging gun has the functions of transmitting electric energy and transmitting the insulating heat exchange fluid 503. When the charging gun is inserted into the eVTOL once, the establishment of the electric energy channel and the medium channel is completed together, thereby reducing the insertion steps during the charging of the eVTOL and further improving the charging efficiency of the eVTOL.

[0235] Please refer to Figure 9 , in one embodiment, the charging gun cable 620 includes a protective layer 622 and a cable phase change module 623. A cable cavity extending along the wiring direction of the charging gun cable 620 is defined within the protective layer 622; wherein, the wire cores 621 are disposed within the cable cavity, and gaps are formed between any two wire cores 621 and between the wire cores 621 and the protective layer 622; the cable phase change module 623 is filled within the gaps, and at least one fluid pipe 6233 extending along the wiring direction and penetrating the charging gun cable 620 is defined within the cable phase change module 623.

[0236] Specifically, the protective layer 622 is configured as a metal layer, a plastic layer, or a plastic layer with a metal braided mesh. In one example, the protective layer 622 is configured as a plastic layer with a metal braided mesh, so as to provide better mechanical properties on the basis of meeting the cable weight index.

[0237] It should be noted that the surface of the wire core 621 is configured as an insulating layer. The wire core 621 can be a battery charging positive wire, a battery charging negative wire, a low-voltage auxiliary positive wire, a low-voltage auxiliary negative wire, a first communication wire, a second communication wire, a first charging connection wire, a second charging connection wire, and a ground wire. There is a gap between adjacent wire cores 621. It can be understood that having a gap between adjacent wire cores 621 can mean that the two are spaced apart from each other, or the outer surfaces of wire cores 621 with a curved outer surface such as a circular cross-section are tangent to form a gap between their outer surfaces. The gaps between the wire cores 621 and the outer protective layer 622, as well as between adjacent wire cores 621, are all filled with the cable phase change module 623.

[0238] The material of the cable phase change module 623 includes a phase change material. Thus, during the charging process, compared with using plastic or polymer materials to fill the gaps between the wire cores 621 and the protective layer 622 in the related art, the phase change material can absorb the heat generated by the wire cores 621, thereby effectively reducing the temperature of the charging gun cable 620 and avoiding the phenomenon of overheating of the charging gun cable 620 during charging.

[0239] In addition, in this embodiment, the aforementioned fluid pipeline 6233 is further disposed in the cable phase change module 623, that is, the fluid pipeline 6233 extends along the wiring direction of the charging gun cable 620 and penetrates through the charging gun cable 620. In this way, during the process of the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 flowing through the fluid pipeline 6233, the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 can cool the cable phase change module 623. It is not difficult to see that the flowing insulating heat exchange fluid 503 can cool the cable phase change module 623, thereby improving the heat storage capacity of the cable phase change module 623, so that the cable phase change module 623 can absorb more heat dissipated by the wire core 621. That is, under the premise that the charging power of the charging gun is determined, that is, the heat generation is determined, the cooling purpose of the charging gun cable 620 can be achieved with a smaller amount of phase change material, thereby reducing the outer diameter of the charging gun cable 620 and the weight of the charging gun cable 620.

[0240] In addition, a part of the surface of the insulating layer of the wire core 621 may form the pipe wall of the fluid pipeline 6233, or the wire core 621 is completely disposed in the fluid pipeline 6233. At this time, the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 in the fluid pipeline 6233 can directly perform immersion cooling on the wire core 621. It is not difficult to see that compared with the air cooling and liquid cooling methods, the immersion cooling of the wire core 621 has a larger heat dissipation area and better heat dissipation effect.

[0241] The fluid pipeline 6233 can be constructed as a cavity extending along the wiring direction of the charging gun cable 620, and the inner diameter of the cavity is consistent without protrusions, which is conducive to the rapid passage of the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 through the charging gun cable 620.

[0242] Or, please refer to Figure 9 and Figure 10 , in an embodiment, there are at least two fluid interfaces 112; at least two fluid pipelines 6233 are disposed in the cable phase change module 623, and two of the at least two fluid pipelines 6233 are taken as a group. One of the fluid pipelines 6233 in a group is the liquid inlet pipe 6233b, and the other is the liquid outlet pipe 6233a; wherein, the cable phase change module 623 includes a plurality of first sub-phase change filling bodies 6231 sequentially arranged at intervals along the wiring direction of the charging gun cable 620, and the first sub-phase change filling bodies 6231 have first through holes, so that the cavities between any two adjacent first sub-phase change filling bodies 6231 among the plurality of first sub-phase change filling bodies 6231 are communicated through the first through holes to form the liquid inlet pipe 6233b, and a liquid outlet pipe 6233a with a pipe fitting structure is disposed in the cable phase change module 623.

[0243] In this embodiment, the fluid pipes 6233 in the cable phase change module 623 are grouped in pairs. One of a pair is the liquid outlet pipe 6233a, which is used for the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 to flow into the eVTOL. The liquid outlet pipe 6233a is configured as a pipe fitting that penetrates through the charging gun cable 620 along the wiring direction of the charging gun cable 620, and there are no protrusions on the inner side wall surface, so as to facilitate the rapid passage of the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 through the charging gun cable 620 and into the eVTOL. It is easy to understand that the faster the flow rate of the insulating heat exchange fluid 503, the less heat exchange occurs between the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 and other components in the charging gun cable 620. Therefore, it can effectively prevent the temperature of the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 from changing significantly during the process of flowing through the charging gun cable 620, which is beneficial to ensuring that the temperature difference between the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 and the battery cells 122 meets the requirements of heat dissipation after entering the battery cavity 12A.

[0244] The other is the liquid inlet pipe 6233b, which is used for the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 flowing through the battery cavity 12A to return from the eVTOL to the thermal management module 500. As described above, for any liquid inlet pipe 6233b, in the area where the first sub-phase change filling body is formed by the phase change material, the phase change material can fix the internal wire core 621 and the external protective layer 622, and absorb the heat generated by the wire core 621 during charging. In the area where no phase change material is filled: the insulating layer of the wire core 621, the inner wall of the protective layer 622, and the opposite side walls of the two first sub-phase change filling bodies 6231 together enclose a cavity, which is used for the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 to flow through, and adjacent cavities are connected through the first through holes reserved in the first sub-phase change filling body 6231. Thus, under the pressure provided by the pump in the main path, the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 will fill each cavity in the charging gun cable 620, thereby playing a role in supporting the cable structure and effectively fixing the internal wire core 621 and the external protective layer 622.

[0245] It can be understood that since the shape of the first sub-phase change filling body 6231 is consistent with the shape of the gap between the wire core 621 and / or between the wire core 621 and the protective layer 622, it is irregular. And the first sub-phase change filling bodies 6231 are arranged at intervals, and adjacent first sub-phase change filling bodies 6231 are connected through the first through holes. In this way, the flow channel cross-section of the liquid inlet pipe 6233b contracts at each first through hole, resulting in a relatively drastic change in the flow channel cross-section in the fluid flow direction of the liquid inlet pipe 6233b. Compared with the substantially consistent flow channel cross-section of the liquid outlet pipe 6233a, the relatively drastic change in the flow channel cross-section of the liquid inlet pipe 6233b will effectively slow down the flow rate of the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 in the liquid inlet pipe 6233b, so that the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 can fully exchange heat with the wire core 621.

[0246] It is easy to understand that in this embodiment, the liquid outlet pipe 6233a allows the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 to quickly pass through the charging gun cable 620 and enter the eVTOL to ensure the thermal management effect in the battery chamber 12A. The liquid inlet pipe 6233b allows the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 to slowly flow through the charging gun cable 620 to fully absorb the heat of the wire core 621, thereby ensuring the thermal management effect of the charging gun cable 620 itself.

[0247] In order to further reduce the heat exchange between the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 in the liquid outlet pipe 6233a and the wire core 621, in one embodiment, the material of the liquid outlet pipe 6233a is a polymer heat insulation material.

[0248] Please refer to Figures 11 to 15 , in one embodiment, the charging gun head 610 includes a gun head main body 611 and a plurality of first charging terminals to be cooled. One end of the gun head main body 611 is connected to the charging gun cable 620. The gun head main body 611 has an inlet cooling chamber 61121b and an outlet cooling chamber 61121a. At least one fluid interface 112 communicates with the inlet cooling chamber 61121b, and at least one fluid interface 112 communicates with the outlet cooling chamber 61121a; a part of each first charging terminal to be cooled is disposed in the inlet cooling chamber 61121b or the outlet cooling chamber 61121a and is connected to the corresponding wire core 621, and the other part of each first charging terminal to be cooled is exposed outside the gun head main body 611; wherein, the liquid inlet pipe 6233b communicates with the inlet cooling chamber 61121b, and the liquid outlet pipe 6233a communicates with the outlet cooling chamber 61121a.

[0249] The gun head main body 611 is the main part of the charging gun head 610, which includes a tail connected to the charging gun cable 620 and a head provided with fluid interfaces 112 and charging interfaces. All the charging terminals form the aforementioned charging interface according to a preset layout. Among them, the first charging terminals to be cooled can be at least part of all the charging terminals. Specifically, the charging gun head 610 has a mating end face for mating with the charging socket 17. Each first charging terminal to be cooled is assembled in the charging gun head 610, and one end thereof is exposed through the terminal hole of the mating end face, while the other end of each first charging terminal to be cooled extends towards the tail to be connected to the wire core 621.

[0250] In this embodiment, a liquid inlet cooling cavity 61121b and a liquid outlet cooling cavity 61121a are formed in the gun head body 611. And in the radial plane of the gun head body 611, the liquid inlet cooling cavity 61121b and the liquid outlet cooling cavity 61121a are arranged side by side left and right. The liquid inlet cooling cavity 61121b communicates with the fluid interface 112 corresponding to the liquid inlet pipe 6233b among all the fluid interfaces 112 and the liquid inlet pipe 6233b. And the liquid outlet cooling cavity 61121a communicates with the fluid interface 112 corresponding to the liquid outlet pipe 6233a among all the fluid interfaces 112 and the liquid outlet pipe 6233a. In this way, the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 before entering the eVTOL first stays in the liquid outlet cooling cavity 61121a temporarily, and after the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 leaves the eVTOL and enters from the fluid interface 112, it stays in the liquid inlet cooling cavity 61121b temporarily.

[0251] A part of the first charging terminals to be cooled among the multiple first charging terminals to be cooled extends into the liquid inlet cooling cavity 61121b, and the corresponding wire core 621 also extends into the liquid inlet cooling cavity 61121b, and the two are connected in the liquid inlet cooling cavity 61121b. Similarly, another part of the first charging terminals to be cooled among the multiple first charging terminals to be cooled extends into the liquid outlet cooling cavity 61121a, and the corresponding wire core 621 also extends into the liquid outlet cooling cavity 61121a, and the two are connected in the liquid outlet cooling cavity 61121a.

[0252] It is not difficult to see that when the charging gun in this embodiment conveys an insulating heat exchange fluid 503 such as a coolant, it also cools the first charging terminals to be cooled and the wire core 621 in the charging gun. Therefore, this embodiment provides a cooling measure for each key component that generates heat during the charging process of the charging gun, so as to significantly improve the heat generation phenomenon of each key component during the charging process. In this way, through the cooling solution provided by this embodiment, the charging gun can support a higher charging power multiple and reduce the charging time, that is, it can support a faster fast charging technology. In addition, in this embodiment, the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 directly contacts the first charging terminals to be cooled. Therefore, compared with the liquid cooling technology, due to the need not to design an isolation measure (isolation between the coolant and the heat dissipation components) at the same power, the charging gun has a smaller size and lighter weight, achieving the purpose of lightweight design, saving other auxiliary materials, enabling better control of production costs, and improving the convenience of personnel operation.

[0253] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the battery cells 122 in the battery chamber 12A, the charging power device 410 in the device chamber 110, the wire core 621 in the charging gun cable 620, and the first charging terminal to be cooled of the charging gun head 610 are all cooled by the insulating heat exchange fluid 503. Therefore, this embodiment provides cooling measures for each key component generating heat during the eVTOL charging process, so as to significantly improve the heat generation phenomenon of each key component during the eVTOL charging process. Thus, through the cooling solution provided by this embodiment, the ground maintenance system can further support a higher charging power rate and reduce the charging time, that is, it can support a faster fast charging technology.

[0254] In addition, in this embodiment, the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 directly contacts the battery cells 122 in the battery chamber 12A, the charging power device 410 in the device chamber 110, the wire core 621 in the charging gun cable 620, and the first charging terminal to be cooled of the charging gun head 610 to provide immersion cooling. Therefore, at the same power, since there is no need to design isolation measures (isolation between the coolant and the heat dissipation components), the sizes of the airframe 100, the charging gun cable 620, and the charging gun head 610 are all smaller and the weights are all lighter, improving the convenience of personnel operation.

[0255] Of course, since the cross-sectional shape of the charging gun head 610 is generally constructed as a symmetric figure, in this embodiment, the liquid inlet cooling chamber 61121b and the liquid outlet cooling chamber 61121a can be constructed as a symmetric structure, so as to make full use of the internal space of the charging gun head 610.

[0256] In one embodiment, in order to ensure the structural strength of the charging gun cable 620, the phase change material is a solid-solid phase change material. It should be noted that the solid-solid phase change material can absorb or release heat during the process of changing from one crystal structure (phase state) to another crystal structure (phase state) in the solid state. During the phase change process of this material, the material remains in the solid state and the volume change is relatively small, so that it can not only store heat, but also ensure the structure supporting the charging gun cable 620. In one example, the solid-solid phase change material can be an organic polymer phase change material such as high-density polyethylene. Or, in another example, the solid-solid phase change material can be a composite phase change material of an organic polymer and paraffin.

[0257] In one embodiment, the gun head main body 611 includes a gun head outer shell 6111, a gun head inner core 6112, and a first elastic member 6114.

[0258] One axial end of the gun head housing 6111 is connected to the charging gun cable 620. An accommodation groove 61111 is formed in the end face of the other axial end of the gun head housing 6111. At least one housing pressure relief port 61154 is formed in the groove wall of the accommodation groove 61111. An outer housing liquid inlet channel communicating with the accommodation groove 61111 and the liquid inlet pipe 6233b respectively, an outer housing liquid outlet channel communicating with the accommodation groove 61111 and the liquid outlet pipe 6233a respectively, and an outer housing pressure relief channel communicating with the housing pressure relief port 61154 are defined in the gun head housing 6111. The gun head inner core 6112 is movably arranged in the accommodation groove 61111 along the axis of the gun head housing 6111. At least one inner core pressure relief port 61129 is formed in the side wall of the gun head inner core 6112 opposite to the housing pressure relief port 61154. The number of the inner core pressure relief ports 61129 is the same as that of the housing pressure relief ports 61154 and they correspond to each other one by one. An inlet liquid cooling cavity 61121b and an outlet liquid cooling cavity 61121a are defined in the gun head inner core 6112. The inlet liquid cooling cavity 61121b is hermetically and movably connected to the outer housing liquid inlet channel, and the outer housing liquid outlet channel is hermetically and movably connected to the outlet liquid cooling cavity 61121a. The gun head inner core 6112 has a communication position where the inner core pressure relief ports 61129 respectively face and communicate with the corresponding housing pressure relief ports 61154. The first elastic member 6114 is arranged in the accommodation groove 61111, and the first elastic member 6114 always drives the gun head inner core 6112 away from the communication position.

[0259] Specifically, the gun head housing 6111 is an axial structure, and the outer contour shape of its radial cross-section can be a circle, a triangle, or a polygon such as a rectangle, which is not limited in this embodiment. Hereinafter, a rectangle is taken as an example for description. An accommodation groove 61111 is formed in the end face of the other axial end of the gun head housing 6111, that is, the end that cooperates with the charging socket 17. The accommodation groove 61111 extends along the axis of the gun head housing 6111 towards one axial end of the gun head housing 6111. One axial end of the gun head housing 6111 is connected to the charging gun cable 620. An outer housing liquid inlet channel and an outer housing liquid outlet channel are defined in the gun head housing 6111 for the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 in the fluid pipeline 6233 in the charging gun cable 620 to continue flowing into the gun head housing 6111.

[0260] The gun head inner core 6112 is an axial structure, which is movably assembled in the receiving groove 61111 along the axial direction of the gun head outer shell 6111. The gun head inner core 6112 is the part that is plugged into and matched with the plug-in groove 171 of the charging socket 17, that is, the gun head inner core 6112 defines the aforementioned liquid inlet cooling chamber 61121b and liquid outlet cooling chamber 61121a. The liquid inlet cooling chamber 61121b is sealed and movably connected to the liquid inlet channel of the outer shell, and the liquid outlet channel of the outer shell is sealed and movably connected to the liquid outlet cooling chamber 61121a. In this way, when the gun head inner core 6112 is plugged into the charging socket 17, the fluid interface 112 on the upper end surface of the gun head inner core 6112 cooperates with the machine end interface 173 on the charging socket 17, thereby establishing a corresponding medium channel. In addition, when the gun head inner core 6112 is plugged into the charging socket 17, various charging terminals are plugged into the corresponding slots on the charging socket 17.

[0261] For ease of understanding, the following description is based on the direction from one axial end to the other axial end of the gun head shell 6111 as the upper direction. At this time, the other axial end of the gun head shell 6111 is the upper end of the gun head shell 6111, and the one axial end of the gun head shell 6111 is the lower end of the gun head shell 6111. Similarly, the end of the gun head inner core 6112 facing the groove bottom wall of the receiving groove 61111 (the groove wall opposite to the opening of the receiving groove 61111) is the lower end of the gun head inner core 6112, and the end of the gun head inner core 6112 facing away from the groove bottom wall of the receiving groove 61111 is the upper end of the gun head inner core 6112.

[0262] It should be noted that the matching relationship between the receiving slot 61111 and the charging socket 17 includes at least the following two situations:

[0263] (1) When the gun head inner core 6112 is plugged into the charging socket 17, the gun head outer shell 6111 half covers the charging socket 17 through the receiving groove 61111. That is, the charging socket 17 is inserted into the receiving groove 61111. It is not difficult to see that in this case, the matching between the charging gun and the charging socket 17 is tighter.

[0264] (2) When the gun head inner core 6112 is plugged into the charging socket 17, the upper end surface of the gun head inner core 6112 extends from the opening of the receiving groove 61111, thereby protruding from the upper end surface of the gun head outer shell 6111. At this time, the charging socket 17 does not extend into the receiving groove 61111. It is not difficult to see that compared with the first case, the size and volume of the charging gun are smaller.

[0265] In addition, in order to reduce the size of the charging gun and avoid wasting the internal space of the charging gun, on the radial plane of the gun head shell 6111, the shape of the inner contour of the accommodating groove 61111 is consistent with the outer contour of the gun head inner core 6112, and the size between the two can satisfy the clearance fit, so as to facilitate the gun head inner core 6112 to slide smoothly in the accommodating groove 61111.

[0266] At least one housing pressure relief port 61154 is provided in the groove wall of the receiving groove 61111. Correspondingly, at least one inner core pressure relief port 61129 is provided in the side wall of the inner core 6112 of the gun head opposite to the housing pressure relief port 61154. The number of the inner core pressure relief ports 61129 is the same as that of the housing pressure relief ports 61154 and they correspond to each other one by one.

[0267] As an option of this embodiment, the housing pressure relief port 61154 is provided in the bottom wall of the receiving groove 61111. Correspondingly, the inner core pressure relief port 61129 is provided in the lower end face of the inner core 6112 of the gun head. Alternatively, as another option of this embodiment, the housing pressure relief port 61154 is provided in the groove side wall of the receiving groove 61111. Correspondingly, the inner core pressure relief port 61129 is provided in the outer peripheral wall of the inner core of the inner core 6112 of the gun head. Alternatively, as yet another option of this embodiment, some of the multiple housing pressure relief ports 61154 are provided in the groove side wall of the receiving groove 61111, and the other part is provided in the bottom wall of the receiving groove 61111. Correspondingly, some of the multiple inner core pressure relief ports 61129 are provided in the lower end face of the inner core 6112 of the gun head, and the other part is provided in the outer peripheral wall of the inner core.

[0268] Please refer to Figure 12 , a communication position is designed in the moving stroke of the inner core 6112 of the gun head in the receiving groove 61111. At this communication position, each inner core pressure relief port 61129 is opposite to and communicates with the corresponding housing pressure relief port 61154 respectively. Thus, it can be seen that during the axial movement of the inner core 6112 of the gun head in the receiving groove 61111 along the axis of the gun head housing 6111, when the inner core 6112 of the gun head is in a non-communication position, each inner core pressure relief port 61129 and the corresponding housing pressure relief port 61154 are not opposite to each other and / or not communicated. Obviously, when the inner core pressure relief port 61129 is communicated with the housing pressure relief port 61154, the housing pressure relief channel is communicated with the liquid inlet cooling cavity 61121b and the liquid outlet cooling cavity 61121a inside the inner core 6112 of the gun head. At this time, the liquid inlet cooling cavity 61121b and the liquid outlet cooling cavity 61121a can be pressure-relieved through the housing pressure relief channel. When the inner core pressure relief port 61129 is not communicated with the housing pressure relief port 61154, neither the liquid inlet cooling cavity 61121b nor the liquid outlet cooling cavity 61121a is communicated with the housing pressure relief channel.

[0269] At least one first elastic member 6114 is provided in the receiving groove 61111 for constantly driving the inner core 6112 of the gun head away from the communication position. In this way, when the inner core 6112 of the gun head is not plugged and matched with the charging socket 17, the first elastic member 6114 drives the inner core 6112 of the gun head away from the communication position. And during the process of plugging and matching the inner core 6112 of the gun head with the charging gun, the staff does work to overcome the elastic potential energy of the first elastic member 6114 so as to make the inner core 6112 of the gun head move to the communication position.

[0270] It can be easily seen that in this embodiment, the pressure relief channel is adjustable in opening and closing. When not plugged into the charging socket 17, the housing pressure relief port 61154 and the inner core pressure relief port 61129 are misaligned, and the pressure relief channel is not connected. In this way, when performing airtightness detection on the channels through which the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 such as the liquid inlet cooling cavity 61121b and the liquid outlet cooling cavity 61121a in the charging gun flows on the ground, it is possible to avoid test errors caused by the connection of the pressure relief channel.

[0271] It can be understood that the connection position can be located in the middle of the stroke of the gun head inner core 6112 in the receiving groove 61111. At this time, the first elastic member 6114 can drive the gun head inner core 6112 away from the connection position in a direction away from the bottom wall of the receiving groove 61111, or can also drive the gun head inner core 6112 away from the connection position in a direction close to the bottom wall of the receiving groove 61111. Of course, when the charging gun is plugged into the charging socket 17, the charging socket 17 will force the gun head inner core 6112 to approach the bottom wall of the receiving groove 61111. Therefore, please refer to Figure 12 FIG., in one embodiment, the connection position is the end position of the stroke of the gun head inner core 6112 moving in the receiving groove 61111 in the direction towards the bottom wall of the receiving groove 61111, and the first elastic member 6114 always drives the gun head inner core 6112 away from the connection position in a direction away from the bottom wall of the receiving groove 61111.

[0272] Specifically, the starting position of the stroke of the gun head inner core 6112 in the receiving groove 61111 is close to the opening of the receiving groove 61111, and then it moves inward along the insertion direction of the receiving groove 61111 until its end position of the stroke. In this way, when the staff pushes the gun head housing 6111 to overcome the elastic potential energy of the first elastic member 6114 and completes the plugging of the charging socket 17 and the gun head inner core 6112, the gun head inner core 6112 will stay at its end position of the stroke relative to the receiving groove 61111, that is, no matter how much force the staff applies, the gun head inner core 6112 will not move further along the insertion direction (from top to bottom) of the receiving groove 61111. The gun head inner core 6112 at the end position of the stroke is also in the connection position, so that when the gun head inner core 6112 is plugged into the plugging groove 171 of the charging socket 17, the gun head inner core 6112 synchronously moves to the connection position to connect the housing pressure relief port 61154 and the inner core pressure relief port 61129, thus facilitating the operation of the staff and improving the operation efficiency.

[0273] It should be noted that the inner core pressure relief port 61129 and the outer shell pressure relief port 61154 are relative and connected to each other, and one of them can be provided with a pressure relief valve such as a one-way valve or a two-way valve. When the inner core pressure relief port 61129 and the outer shell pressure relief port 61154 are relative to each other and the spacing meets the requirements, the pressure relief valve is connected. For example, when the outer shell pressure relief port 61154 is provided on the bottom wall of the accommodating groove 61111 and the inner core pressure relief port 61129 is provided on the lower end surface of the gun head inner core 6112, the outer shell pressure relief port 61154 and the inner core pressure relief port 61129 are close to or away from each other in the axial direction of the gun head outer shell 6111. When the two are close to each other until the designed spacing is reached, the pressure relief valve is connected, and the outer shell pressure relief port 61154 is connected to the inner core pressure relief port 61129. On the contrary, when the two are away from each other, the pressure relief valve is closed, thereby preventing the insulating heat exchange fluid at the shell pressure relief port 61154 or the inner core pressure relief port 61129 from leaking into the containing groove 61111.

[0274] Alternatively, in one embodiment, the groove side wall of the receiving groove 61111 is provided with a shell pressure relief port 61154, and at least one inner core pressure relief port 61129 is provided at a position where the inner core outer peripheral wall of the gun head inner core 6112 cooperates with the groove side wall of the receiving groove 61111. At this time, when the gun head inner core 6112 slides in the receiving groove 61111, the shell pressure relief port 61154 and the inner core pressure relief port 61129 move from being staggered to being partially opposite to each other in the axial direction of the gun head outer shell 6111, and then until they are facing each other. Specifically, in the non-connected position, the shell pressure relief port 61154 is blocked by the outer peripheral wall of the gun head inner core 6112, and the inner core pressure relief port 61129 is blocked by the groove side wall of the receiving groove 61111. In the process of the gun head inner core 6112 moving toward the connected position, the shell pressure relief port 61154 and the inner core pressure relief port 61129 begin to be partially connected, until the two are completely facing each other and connected to each other.

[0275] It is not difficult to see that in the present embodiment, the outer shell pressure relief port 61154 is opened on the side wall of the receiving groove 61111, and the inner core pressure relief port 61129 is opened on the outer peripheral wall of the inner core. When the two are staggered, they are naturally blocked. There is no need to additionally design an anti-leakage structure to prevent the insulating heat exchange fluid in the outer shell pressure relief port 61154 and / or the inner core pressure relief port 61129 from leaking into the receiving groove 61111, thereby making the internal structure of the charging gun simpler and more reliable.

[0276] The shell pressure relief port 61154 is opened on the side wall of the receiving groove 61111, so that the shell pressure relief channel is limited to the radial outside of the receiving groove 61111, such as being buried in the gun head shell 6111 at the side wall of the receiving groove 61111. However, it can be understood that this method will increase the thickness of the gun head shell 6111 to ensure the structural strength of the gun head shell 6111. Therefore, please refer to Figures 11 to 14, in one embodiment, the charging gun further includes a gripping member fixedly disposed on the outer peripheral wall of the gun head housing 6111. The gripping member is provided with a handle pressure relief port 61153. A portion of the gripping member near the other axial end of the gun head housing 6111 extends into the receiving groove 61111 and is provided with a housing pressure relief port 61154. An intermediate pressure relief channel 61151 is defined in the gripping member. The intermediate pressure relief channel 61151 communicates with both the housing pressure relief port 61154 and the handle pressure relief port 61153; wherein, the handle pressure relief port 61153 communicates with the housing pressure relief channel.

[0277] Specifically, the gripping member is a component such as a handle or a grip provided on the gun head housing 6111, which facilitates the staff to hold the gun head housing 6111 and push the charging gun into the charging socket 17. Hereinafter, the handle will be taken as an example for illustration. It can be understood that for the convenience of the staff to apply force, multiple handles can be symmetrically arranged, or multiple handles are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction of the charging gun housing.

[0278] Please refer to Figures 11 to 14 , the handle is arranged along the axial direction of the gun head housing 6111, with its upper end close to the upper end of the gun head housing 6111 and its lower end close to the lower end of the gun head housing 6111. For the convenience of the staff to hold, the middle part of the handle can be spaced apart from the outer peripheral wall of the gun head housing 6111.

[0279] An intermediate pressure relief channel 61151 is defined in the handle, and a handle pressure relief port 61153 communicating with the intermediate pressure relief channel 61151 is provided at the lower end of the handle. The handle pressure relief port 61153 communicates with the housing pressure relief channel of the gun head housing 6111. Please refer to Figure 13 , the handle pressure relief port 61153 can specifically be opened at the lower end face of the handle. At this time, the lower end face of the handle can be closely attached to the outer peripheral wall of the gun head housing 6111 through fasteners such as screws, and the housing pressure relief channel extends to the position on the outer peripheral wall of the gun head housing 6111 opposite to the handle pressure relief port 61153, so that the intermediate pressure relief channel 61151 in the handle communicates with the housing pressure relief channel in the gun head housing 6111. Of course, the lower end of the handle can also pass through the outer peripheral wall of the gun head housing 6111 and enter the gun head housing 6111 to make the handle pressure relief port 61153 communicate with the housing pressure relief channel. It is worth mentioning that the handle with the intermediate pressure relief channel 61151 opened inside can be only one of the multiple handles. Of course, it can also be multiple or all of them.

[0280] The upper end of the handle can extend into the receiving groove 61111 and extend into a part of the outer peripheral wall of the inner core of the gun head inner core 6112 between the outer peripheral wall of the inner core and the groove side wall of the receiving groove 61111, and a housing pressure relief port 61154 is provided. In this way, in the radial inner side to the radial outer side direction of the charging gun head 610, a part of the outer peripheral wall of the inner core of the gun head inner core 6112 and one side end surface of the upper end of the handle face each other and can slide relative to each other, while the other side end surface of the upper end of the handle is closely attached to the groove side wall of the receiving groove 61111. Thus, the upper end of the handle cooperates with the gun head inner core 6112 instead of the groove side wall of the receiving groove 61111, and there is no need to provide the housing pressure relief port 61154 on the gun head housing 6111.

[0281] It can be easily seen that in this embodiment, by designing the housing pressure relief port 61154 that is misaligned and adjustable with the inner core pressure relief port 61129 of the gun head inner core 6112 on the handle and making full use of the internal space of the handle to define an intermediate pressure relief channel 61151 communicating with the housing pressure relief channel, compared with providing the housing pressure relief port 61154 on the groove side wall of the receiving groove 61111, the structural strength of the gun head housing 6111 can be significantly improved, and the dimensions such as the thickness of the gun head housing 6111 can also be avoided from increasing.

[0282] Please refer to Figures 11 to 14 and Figures 17 to 19 , in an embodiment, a part of the surface of the outer peripheral wall of the inner core is recessed to form a handle sliding groove 61125. The handle sliding groove 61125 extends along the axial direction of the gun head housing 6111 to both axial ends of the gun head inner core 6112, and the inner core pressure relief port 61129 is provided on the groove wall of the handle sliding groove 61125; a part of the holding member near the other axial end extends into the receiving groove 61111 to form a sliding portion 61152, and the sliding portion 61152 is slidably assembled in the handle sliding groove 61125.

[0283] Specifically, the surfaces of the parts of the outer peripheral wall of the inner core that do not cooperate with the handle are closely attached to and slide relative to the groove side walls of the receiving groove 61111. And the surfaces of the parts of the outer peripheral wall of the inner core that cooperate with the handle are recessed along the radial direction of the gun head inner core 6112 to form a handle sliding groove 61125 for the handle to slide. And in the axial direction of the gun head housing 6111, both ends of the handle sliding groove 61125 extend to both axial end faces of the gun head inner core 6112, that is, the upper end face of the gun head inner core 6112 and the lower end face of the gun head inner core 6112.

[0284] In addition, the upper end of the handle extends into the handle chute 61125 to form corresponding sliding parts such as a slider 61152, and the sliding part 61152 can slide smoothly within the handle chute 61125. In this way, a corresponding sliding space is separated for the handle within the space formed by the receiving groove 61111. The handle slides within this sliding space, not only enabling most of the surface of the cartridge inner core 6112 to closely adhere to the groove side wall of the receiving groove 61111 to improve aesthetics, but also enabling most of the outer peripheral wall of the inner core of the cartridge inner core 6112 to provide corresponding binding force, making the movement of the cartridge inner core 6112 within the receiving groove 61111 more stable.

[0285] Of course, the cross-sectional shape of the sliding part 61152 is the same as that of the handle chute 61125, so that the sliding part 61152 and the handle chute 61125 can also slide relative to each other stably.

[0286] In addition, in order to further improve the movement stability between the sliding part 61152 and the handle chute 61125, in one embodiment, the sliding part 61152 bends and extends towards the bottom wall of the receiving groove 61111. In this way, there is a larger mating area between the sliding part 61152 and the receiving groove 61111. In addition, the sliding part 61152 bends and extends, so that the sliding part 61152 has a certain length within the receiving groove 61111, enabling the upper end of the handle to more stably adhere to or be fixed within the cartridge housing 6111, and preventing the cartridge inner core 6112 from detaching from the sliding part 61152 during the sliding process.

[0287] It can be understood that when the sliding part 61152 is configured as a slider or other structure, at least three side wall surfaces thereof are in sliding fit with the handle chute 61125, and the housing pressure relief port 61154 can be provided on any one of the aforementioned three side wall surfaces. In one embodiment, the groove side wall of the receiving groove 61111 has a mating area that mates with the sliding part 61152; a housing pressure relief port 61154 is provided on the side wall of the sliding part 61152 facing away from the mating area, and an inner core pressure relief port 61129 is provided on the side wall of the handle chute 61125 facing the mating area.

[0288] Specifically, please refer to Figure 13 and Figure 14 , for any sliding part 61152, the side surface facing away from the cartridge inner core 6112 is directly opposite to a part of the surface of the receiving groove 61111, and this part of the surface is the mating area of the groove side wall of the receiving groove 61111 that mates with the sliding part 61152. A housing pressure relief port 61154 is provided on the side wall of the sliding part 61152 facing away from the mating area, and correspondingly, an inner core pressure relief port 61129 is provided on the side wall of the handle chute 61125 facing the mating area.

[0289] Compared with opening the inner core pressure relief port 61129 on the left and right side walls of the handle chute 61125 (which are respectively on both sides of the groove wall of the side of the handle chute 61125 facing the mating area), opening the inner core pressure relief port 61129 on the groove wall of the side of the handle chute 61125 facing the mating area enables the fluid in the liquid inlet cooling chamber 61121b and the liquid outlet cooling chamber 61121a to flow along the established pressure relief channel with fewer winding parts after the inner core pressure relief port 61129 is communicated with the outer shell pressure relief port 61154, and the overall flow path is relatively smooth, thereby improving the pressure relief effect.

[0290] It is worth mentioning that when a charging function is provided, the materials of the gun head outer shell 6111 and the gun head inner core 6112 should both meet requirements such as insulation performance, flame retardancy, weather resistance, and low-temperature toughness, such as one or more of PC (polycarbonate), ABS (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer), and PBT (polycarbonate / polybutylene terephthalate).

[0291] It can be understood that each region has corresponding standards for the interface layout of the charging gun. To adapt to such standards, in one embodiment, the end face of the gun head inner core 6112 away from the bottom wall of the receiving groove 61111 includes a standard charging interface area 61126 and an extended area, and a fluid interface 112 is provided in the extended area; all the first charging terminals to be cooled include a plurality of standard charging terminals, and all the standard charging terminals are arranged in the standard charging interface area 61126.

[0292] Specifically, the upper end face of the gun head inner core 6112 includes a standard charging interface area 61126 and an extended area. All the standard charging terminals among all the first charging terminals to be cooled are arranged in the standard charging interface area 61126 and are arranged in the layout manner specified by the corresponding standard. Of course, the shape and size of the standard charging interface area 61126 also comply with the corresponding standard. The extended area is located on one side of the standard charging interface area 61126, and at least one of the non-standard charging terminals, the fluid interface 112, and the charging terminals that do not need to be cooled among the first charging terminals to be cooled is arranged in the extended area.

[0293] In this way, the charging gun provided in this embodiment can not only cooperate with a charging socket 17 having a machine-side interface 173 and a non-standard charging interface, but also cooperate with a standard charging socket 17 to improve the adaptability of the charging gun in this embodiment.

[0294] It is understandable that for vehicles such as eVTOLs, their fuselages not only include main power sources such as battery packs, but also include emergency low-voltage power sources. Generally speaking, the emergency low-voltage power source is a low-voltage emergency battery, so that in the event of the failure of the main power source of the eVTOL, the emergency low-voltage power source can quickly take over and provide necessary power support for the key systems of the eVTOL (such as flight control systems, navigation systems, communication systems, etc.), ensuring that the eVTOL can land safely and stably. Generally speaking, when the emergency low-voltage power source has not been used for a long time, it should also be charged and discharged cyclically every once in a while (such as every three months) to maintain battery activity and extend service life. Therefore, please refer to Figure 11 and Figure 20 , in one embodiment, the plurality of wire cores 621 include at least two low-voltage emergency charging wire cores, and the charging gun further includes at least two low-voltage emergency power supply terminals 6116. All the low-voltage emergency power supply terminals 6116 are arranged in the extended area, and the low-voltage emergency power supply terminals 6116 extend into the inner core 6112 of the gun head and are connected to the corresponding low-voltage emergency charging wire cores.

[0295] Of course, the corresponding low-voltage emergency charging sockets are also provided in the corresponding charging socket 17 on the eVTOL, and the low-voltage emergency charging sockets cooperate with the low-voltage emergency power supply terminals 6116 to establish a charging channel for the emergency low-voltage power source.

[0296] In this way, after the charging gun provided in this embodiment is connected to the charging socket 17 on the eVTOL, it can not only charge the main power source, but also charge the emergency low-voltage power source, expanding the functions of the charging gun to reduce the steps during the ground maintenance of the eVTOL. Of course, it can be understood that when the charging gun cooperates with the charging socket 17, whether the low-voltage emergency power supply terminals 6116 operate can be controlled by the staff according to the work tasks.

[0297] In addition, the low-voltage emergency power supply terminals 6116 are arranged in the extended area. In this way, the charging gun provided in this embodiment can not only charge the main power source, but also charge the low-voltage emergency power source, and can also cooperate with the standard charging socket 17 to improve the adaptability of the charging gun in this embodiment.

[0298] It should be noted that the low-voltage emergency power supply terminals 6116 can extend into the liquid inlet cooling cavity 61121b or the liquid outlet cooling cavity 61121a to be in direct contact with the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 for cooling. Or, since the heat generated during the operation of the low-voltage emergency power supply terminals 6116 is limited, the low-voltage emergency power supply terminals 6116 can also extend into the part of the inner core 6112 of the gun head where the liquid inlet cooling cavity 61121b and the liquid outlet cooling cavity 61121a are not provided, that is, the low-voltage emergency power supply terminals 6116 and the corresponding wire cores 621 are not subjected to immersion cooling, thereby improving safety.

[0299] It can be understood that the relative positional relationship between the standard charging interface area 61126 and the extension area can be that the standard charging interface area 61126 is inside and the extension area surrounds the outside of the standard charging interface area 61126. Or, the standard charging interface area 61126 and the extension area can be arranged side by side. Or, in an embodiment, please refer to Figure 20 , the extension area includes a first extension area 61127a and a second extension area 61127b, and the first extension area 61127a and the second extension area 61127b are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the standard charging interface area 61126.

[0300] Specifically, the standard charging interface area 61126 is located at the geometric center of the upper end face of the gun head inner core 6112, and the first extension area 61127a and the second extension area 61127b are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the standard charging interface area 61126. As shown in Figures 17 to 20 , in an example, the cross-sectional shape of the gun head inner core 6112 is approximately rectangular, and the geometric center of the rectangle is the circular standard charging interface area 61126, with the first extension area 61127a and the second extension area 61127b on both sides respectively. At this time, a part of all the low-voltage emergency power supply terminals 6116 is arranged in the first extension area 61127a, and another part of all the low-voltage emergency power supply terminals 6116 is symmetrically arranged in the second extension area 61127b.

[0301] In addition, a part of all the fluid interfaces 112 is arranged in the first extension area 61127a, and another part of all the fluid interfaces 112 is symmetrically arranged in the second extension area 61127b.

[0302] When in a symmetric layout, after the staff aligns the standard charging interface area 61126 with the corresponding area on the charging socket 17, the fluid interfaces 112 and the low-voltage emergency power supply terminals 6116 can also be aligned together. In this way, on the basis of meeting the standard requirements, the upper end face of the gun head inner core 6112 improves both the aesthetic appearance of the charging gun and the insertion efficiency through the symmetric layout.

[0303] As an option in this embodiment, at least a part of the first extension area 61127a is directly opposite to the liquid outlet cooling cavity 61121a, so that all the low-voltage emergency power supply terminals 6116 in the first extension area 61127a extend into the liquid outlet cooling cavity 61121a, and all the fluid interfaces 112 are communicated with the liquid outlet cooling cavity 61121a. At least a part of the second extension area 61127b is directly opposite to the liquid inlet cooling cavity 61121b, so that all the low-voltage emergency power supply terminals 6116 in the second extension area 61127b extend into the liquid inlet cooling cavity 61121b, and all the fluid interfaces 112 are communicated with the liquid inlet cooling cavity 61121b.

[0304] In addition, a pressure relief tee channel is defined inside the gun head inner core 6112. The first end of the pressure relief tee channel communicates with the liquid outlet cooling chamber 61121a, the second end of the pressure relief tee channel communicates with the liquid inlet cooling chamber 61121b, and the third end of the pressure relief tee channel communicates with the inner core pressure relief port 61129. The charging gun head 610 further includes two pressure relief valves, one pressure relief valve is disposed at the first end and the other pressure relief valve is disposed at the second end.

[0305] Please refer to Figure 18 , specifically, the gun head inner core 6112 can partition a chamber between the liquid outlet cooling chamber 61121a and the liquid inlet cooling chamber 61121b and in the area corresponding to the inner core pressure relief port 61129. A Y-shaped pipe is installed in this chamber. A pressure relief tee channel is defined inside the Y-shaped pipe. The first end extends to communicate with the liquid outlet cooling chamber 61121a, the second end extends to communicate with the liquid inlet cooling chamber 61121b, and the third end extends to communicate with the inner core pressure relief port 61129.

[0306] Please refer to Figure 18 and Figure 19 , in order to facilitate the smooth progress of pressure relief, the central axes of the Y-shaped pipe are all in the same radial plane of the gun head inner core 6112, and the central axis of the third end is collinear with the central axis of the inner core pressure relief port 61129. Thus, in the axial direction of the gun head housing 6111, the Y-shaped pipe and the inner core pressure relief port 61129 are approximately at the same height, and the third end of the Y-shaped pipe faces the inner core pressure relief port 61129. In this way, the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 entering the pressure relief tee channel from the second end or the first end can flow smoothly into the inner core pressure relief port 61129.

[0307] It is worth mentioning that the pressure relief tee channel is used only when an abnormal situation occurs in the transportation of the insulating heat exchange fluid 503. In order to avoid the leakage of the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 under normal conditions, the charging gun further includes two pressure relief valves, one pressure relief valve is disposed at the first end and the other pressure relief valve is disposed at the second end. It can be understood that the pressure relief valve can be a one-way valve or a two-way valve, and the present embodiment does not limit this.

[0308] It is worth mentioning that the flow directions of the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 in the liquid inlet cooling chamber 61121b and the liquid outlet cooling chamber 61121a can be reversed. At this time, the two pressure relief valves can perform pressure relief correspondingly according to the reversal of the flow direction.

[0309] It should be noted that when the charging gun is configured as a fast charging gun, the heat generated by the standard charging terminal is also relatively large. Therefore, it is necessary to cool it. Please refer to Figure 18, in one embodiment, the inner core 6112 of the gun head further defines a first standard cavity 61123 and a second standard cavity 61124. On the plane where the radial direction of the inner core 6112 of the gun head is located, the first standard cavity 61123, the liquid inlet cooling cavity 61121b, the second standard cavity 61124, and the liquid outlet cooling cavity 61121a are sequentially distributed along the circumferential direction of the inner core 6112 of the gun head; the high-voltage DC positive terminal and the low-voltage auxiliary power positive terminal among the multiple standard charging terminals are both connected to the corresponding wire core 621 in the liquid outlet cooling cavity 61121a, and the high-voltage DC negative terminal and the low-voltage auxiliary power negative terminal among the multiple standard charging terminals are both connected to the corresponding wire core 621 in the liquid inlet cooling cavity 61121b; the charging gun further includes a first communication terminal, a second communication terminal, a first charging connection terminal, a second charging connection terminal, and a grounding terminal. The first communication terminal, the second communication terminal, the first charging connection terminal, and the second charging connection terminal are all arranged at the position of the standard charging interface area 61126 facing the first standard cavity 61123; the grounding terminal is arranged at the position of the standard charging interface area 61126 facing the second standard cavity 61124; wherein, an inner core pressure relief port 61129 is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the inner core of the inner core 6112 at the first standard cavity 61123, and a pressure relief tee channel is defined in the first standard cavity 61123.

[0310] Specifically, taking the standard charging interface area 61126 as an example of the DC pin layout area, it includes 9 standard charging terminals for DC power supply (DC+, DC-), vehicle and pile shared grounding (PE), message interaction communication (S+, S-), vehicle and pile connection confirmation communication (CC, CC), and low-voltage auxiliary power supply (A+, A-). Among them, the DC+ terminal is the high-voltage DC positive terminal, the A+ terminal is the low-voltage auxiliary power positive terminal, the A- terminal is the low-voltage auxiliary power negative terminal, and the DC- terminal is the high-voltage DC negative terminal. The PE terminal is the grounding terminal, the S+ terminal is the first communication terminal, the S- terminal is the second communication terminal, the CC terminal is the first charging connection terminal, and the CC terminal is the second charging connection terminal.

[0311] The liquid outlet cooling cavity 61121a not only faces the first extended area 61127a, but also faces the area where the DC+ terminal and the A+ terminal in the standard charging interface area 61126 are located, so that both the DC+ terminal and the A+ terminal extend into the liquid outlet cooling cavity 61121a to be connected to the corresponding wire core 621. The liquid inlet cooling cavity 61121b not only faces the second extended area 61127b, but also faces the area where the DC- terminal and the A- terminal in the standard charging interface area 61126 are located, so that both the DC- terminal and the A- terminal extend into the liquid inlet cooling cavity 61121b to be connected to the corresponding wire core 621.

[0312] Thus, the charging gun provided in this embodiment can also cool DC+ terminals, A+ terminals, DC- terminals, A- terminals and other DC high-voltage devices, providing further cooling measures for each key component that generates heat during the charging process, so as to significantly improve the heat generation phenomenon of each key component during the charging process. Thus, through the cooling solution provided in this embodiment, the charging gun can support a higher charging power ratio and reduce the charging time, that is, it can support a faster fast charging technology.

[0313] For the S+ terminal, S- terminal, CC terminals, CC terminals and PE terminal, since the above standard charging terminals do not generate obvious heat during charging, in order to avoid increasing the risk of electric leakage by contacting the insulating heat exchange fluid 503, the above terminals do not extend into the liquid outlet cooling chamber 61121a or the liquid inlet cooling chamber 61121b. In order to accommodate this part of the standard charging terminals in the gun head inner core 6112, a first standard chamber 61123 and a second standard chamber 61124 are defined in the gun head inner core 6112. Among them, in the axial direction of the gun head inner core 6112, the first standard chamber 61123 is located directly below the S+ terminal, S- terminal, CC terminals and CC terminals, and the second standard chamber 61124 is located directly below the PE terminal. It is worth mentioning that the first standard chamber 61123, the liquid outlet cooling chamber 61121a, the second standard chamber 61124 and the liquid inlet cooling chamber 61121b are independent of each other, so as to realize the dry-wet isolation in the gun head inner core 6112 and improve the overall safety of the gun head inner core 6112.

[0314] In addition, an inner core pressure relief port 61129 is provided on the inner core outer peripheral wall of the gun head inner core 6112 at the first standard chamber 61123, and a pressure relief tee channel is defined in the first standard chamber 61123. At this time, the aforementioned Y-shaped pipe is arranged in the first standard chamber 61123. Thus, in this embodiment, the Y-shaped pipe is integrated into the first standard chamber 61123, so as to make full use of the space in the gun head inner core 6112. Of course, in other embodiments, a Y-shaped pipe can also be arranged in the second standard chamber 61124 to establish a pressure relief channel with the corresponding handle.

[0315] Please refer to Figure 12, in one embodiment, a wire routing cavity 61112 is further defined within the gun head housing 6111. The wire routing cavity 61112 is disposed between the receiving groove 61111 and one axial end of the gun head housing 6111. The charging gun further includes a plurality of detection elements, a control module, and an operating member 61115. The detection elements are disposed within the gun head inner core 6112 or the gun head housing 6111. The control module is disposed within the wire routing cavity 61112. The control module is communicatively connected to each of the detection elements respectively, and the control module has a plurality of status indicator lights 61116. The operating member 61115 is disposed on the outer peripheral wall of the gun head housing 6111. A part of the operating member 61115 penetrates through the outer peripheral wall and extends into the wire routing cavity 61112 to be connected to the control module. The operating member 61115 includes a touch screen and / or control buttons.

[0316] Among them, a plurality of lamp mounting holes are formed on the outer peripheral wall of the housing. The lamp mounting holes communicate with the wire routing cavity 61112. The number of the plurality of lamp mounting holes is the same as and corresponds to one another with the number of the plurality of status indicator lights 61116, so that each status indicator light 61116 extends into the corresponding lamp mounting hole and exposes from the corresponding lamp mounting hole.

[0317] Specifically, detection elements such as a flow sensor, a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, etc. can be installed within the gun head inner core 6112, which are used to detect parameters such as the flow rate, pressure, and temperature within the liquid inlet cooling cavity 61121b and the liquid outlet cooling cavity 61121a. Detection elements such as an ammeter or a voltmeter can also be installed within the gun head housing 6111.

[0318] The upper part of the gun head housing 6111 defines the aforementioned receiving groove 61111, while the lower part of the gun head housing 6111 defines the wire routing cavity 61112. Of course, the receiving groove 61111 and the wire routing cavity 61112 can also communicate with each other. The control module within the wire routing cavity 61112 can be configured as an integrated control board, and corresponding circuit modules are provided on the integrated control board, so as to realize communication and partial function control operations with the control center of the ground maintenance system and the eVTOL. The specific content of the communication includes but is not limited to: inlet and outlet liquid pressure, inlet and outlet liquid temperature, flow rate, liquid path connection status, charging status, discharging status, battery status information, fault or alarm information, historical logs, thermal management strategy identification, environmental information, etc. The function control operations include but are not limited to emergency stop (charging and discharging stop, liquid inlet and air inlet stop, etc.), information query (connection status confirmation, battery information query, fault and alarm information query, etc.), communication connection operation (Bluetooth, local area network connection, etc.) and other functions.

[0319] Thus, the ground maintenance system and the eVTOL complete the communication connection (cable connection) through the connection between the charging gun and the charging socket 17. The communication content of the eVTOL includes flight logs, battery status information (including but not limited to total battery voltage, battery cell voltage, charge and discharge current, battery temperature, battery operation data, controller device switch status, etc.), equipment status information (including but not limited to airborne equipment that requires ground power supply, airborne equipment that requires ground thermal management, etc.). At the same time, the parameter information collected by detection elements such as the flow sensor, pressure sensor, and temperature sensor is also uploaded to the ground maintenance system and the eVTOL through the communication bus.

[0320] It can be understood that the ground maintenance system can collect ground energy storage status information (including but not limited to energy storage system power, energy storage system output power, energy storage system output current, energy storage system controller device switch status, etc.), charge and discharge parameters (including but not limited to charging current, charging power, estimated charging duration, etc.), and equipment status information, thermal management parameters and equipment status information (including but not limited to refrigeration and heating power, output flow, inlet and outlet liquid temperature, target temperature value, etc.), equipment operation logs (including operation duration, historical data, fault and alarm information, etc.). Then, when the ground maintenance system and the eVTOL are docked, the foregoing status information can be transmitted to the cloud server for storage or reading in the forms of wired, wireless, Bluetooth, local area network, etc.

[0321] The control module can respectively display the parameter information collected by detection elements such as the flow sensor, pressure sensor, and temperature sensor through multiple status indicator lights 61116 on the charging gun. Of course, the gun head housing 6111 can also include status indicator lights 61116 for showing whether the charge and discharge status is normal, whether the communication with the eVTOL or the ground maintenance system is normal, etc. In one example, the status indicator lights 61116 include but are not limited to high-voltage charging indicator lights, V charging indicator lights, communication indicator lights, and thermal management status indicator lights. In addition, operation parts 61115 such as touch screens, control buttons, and control knobs are arranged on the gun head housing 6111, and different operation parts 61115 are configured with corresponding functions. In one example, the operation parts 61115 include but are not limited to communication buttons and emergency stop buttons. The staff can perform corresponding operations through the operation parts 61115.

[0322] During ground charging, discharging, and thermal management operations, since the ground maintenance system is far from the eVTOL docking location, when abnormal conditions occur between the charging gun and the charging socket 17, it is impossible to promptly notify the operators of the ground maintenance system or promptly move to the ground equipment operation console to stop the charging, discharging, or thermal management operations. Therefore, after the charging gun and the charging socket 17 are connected, during ground charging, discharging, or thermal management operations, the operator can directly observe the operating status in real time through the display status of the status indicator light 61116 on the charging gun. For example, in one example, when an abnormal condition occurs, the operator can complete the emergency stop operation nearby through the emergency stop button on the handheld device or mobile device, or the emergency stop button on the gun head housing 6111. In one example, the operator can also directly view the ground thermal management and charging / discharging status information in real time through the control panel installed on the charging gun and perform start or stop operations.

[0323] In one embodiment, one end of the housing pressure relief channel extends to the end face at the axial one end, and the other end of the housing pressure relief channel communicates with the wire routing cavity 61112; a portion of the grip member near the axial one end penetrates through the outer peripheral wall of the housing to extend into the wire routing cavity 61112, and a handle pressure relief port 61153 is formed on the end face of the portion of the grip member near the axial one end; the charging gun further includes a connecting pipe 61155, the connecting pipe 61155 is disposed in the wire routing cavity 61112, and the handle pressure relief port 61153 communicates with the housing pressure relief channel through the connecting pipe 61155.

[0324] Please refer to Figure 12 , specifically, a cable integration head 61113 is provided at the lower end of the gun head housing 6111, and a plurality of cable through holes are formed in the cable integration head 61113, and various wire cores 621 or water pipes pass through the cable through holes and extend into the wire routing cavity 61112. Among them, the wire core 621 passes through the wire routing cavity 61112, the gap between the accommodating groove 61111 and the lower end of the gun head inner core 6112, and the lower end face of the gun head inner core 6112 and then enters the liquid inlet cooling cavity 61121b or the liquid outlet cooling cavity 61121a of the gun head inner core 6112. And the water pipe includes a pressure relief pipe, and the housing pressure relief channel is defined inside the pressure relief pipe. The lower end of the handle penetrates through the side wall of the wire routing cavity 61112 and extends into the wire routing cavity 61112.

[0325] In this embodiment, the handle communicates with the pressure relief pipe through the connecting pipe 61155. Among them, one end of the connecting pipe 61155 is sleeved on the portion of the handle extending into the wire routing cavity 61112 to achieve sealed communication with the handle pressure relief channel, and the other end is inserted into the pressure relief pipe and is sealedly connected to the pressure relief pipe. The connecting pipe 61155 can be a flexible pipe or a rigid pipe, and this embodiment does not limit this. Of course, since the wiring in the wire routing cavity 61112 is relatively dense, a flexible pipe is more conducive to wiring in the wire routing cavity 61112.

[0326] The water pipe further includes a fluid pipe for connecting the inner core 6112 of the gun head and the charging gun cable 620. However, in this embodiment, the inner core 6112 of the gun head and the gun head housing 6111 are relatively slidable with respect to each other. To achieve a sealed and movable connection between the inner core 6112 of the gun head and the fluid pipe, a flexible water pipe can be used for connection. However, the distance between the lower end surface of the inner core 6112 of the gun head and the bottom wall of the receiving groove 61111 is relatively long when they are away from each other, resulting in a relatively long length of the flexible water pipe. The relatively long flexible water pipe will occupy the space in the receiving groove 61111, affecting the stroke length of the inner core 6112 of the gun head in the receiving groove 61111. Moreover, it even forces the volumes of the liquid inlet cooling chamber 61121b and the liquid outlet cooling chamber 61121a of the inner core 6112 of the gun head to be reduced to leave enough space to accommodate the flexible water pipe.

[0327] Therefore, please refer to Figure 12 , Figure 17 and Figure 19 , in an embodiment, a plurality of channel openings are formed in the bottom wall of the receiving groove 61111; a part of the plurality of channel openings is communicated with the housing liquid inlet channel, and another part of the plurality of channel openings is communicated with the housing liquid outlet channel; the gun head main body 611 further includes a pipe joint 6113, the pipe joint 6113 protrudes from one end surface of the inner core 6112 of the gun head facing the bottom wall, and a part of at least two pipe joints 6113 is communicated with the liquid inlet cooling chamber 61121b, and another part of at least two pipe joints 6113 is communicated with the liquid outlet cooling chamber 61121a. The pipe joint 6113 includes a plurality of tapered portions connected in sequence along the protruding direction of the pipe joint 6113, and in the protruding direction, the outer diameter of the tapered portion gradually decreases; wherein, the pipe joint 6113 is adapted to be inserted into the housing liquid inlet channel or the housing liquid outlet channel from the channel opening, and the tapered portion is in interference fit with the housing liquid inlet channel or the housing liquid outlet channel, so that the liquid inlet cooling chamber 61121b is in sealed and movable communication with the housing liquid inlet channel, and the liquid outlet cooling chamber 61121a is in sealed and movable communication with the housing liquid outlet channel.

[0328] Specifically, a housing liquid inlet channel is defined in a part of the fluid pipe in the wire routing cavity 61112, and a housing liquid outlet channel is defined in another part of the fluid pipe. One end of the fluid pipe extends to the bottom wall of the receiving groove 61111 to form a channel opening. A pipe joint 6113 protrudes from the lower end surface of the inner core 6112 of the gun head. The pipe joint 6113 can be integrally formed with the inner core 6112 of the gun head, or is also an independent component and is fixedly installed on the inner core 6112 of the gun head. The pipe joint 6113 protrudes and extends downward along the axial direction of the gun head housing 6111.

[0329] The pipe joint 6113 includes a plurality of tapered portions connected in sequence along the protruding direction of the pipe joint 6113, and in the protruding direction, the outer diameter of the tapered portion gradually decreases. When the pipe joint 6113 is fitted with the fluid pipe, there is always a part of the tapered portion extending into the fluid pipe, and a part of the outer peripheral wall of the tapered portion extending into the fluid pipe is in interference fit with the fluid pipe, so as to realize the sealed and movable connection between the liquid inlet cooling cavity 61121b or the liquid outlet cooling cavity 61121a and the corresponding fluid pipe.

[0330] It can be easily seen that in this embodiment, when the inner core 6112 of the gun head moves away from or close to the bottom wall of the receiving groove 61111, the pipe joint 6113 can completely extend into or partially extend into the fluid pipe, and always maintain the sealed and movable connection between the liquid inlet cooling cavity 61121b or the liquid outlet cooling cavity 61121a and the corresponding fluid pipe. And during this process, the pipe joint 6113 does not occupy the moving space of the inner core 6112 of the gun head, thus reducing the overall size of the charging gun and making the internal structure of the charging gun more compact and fully utilized. In addition, in order to further improve the sealing performance, a sealing member such as a sealing ring is sleeved on the small-diameter end of the tapered portion.

[0331] The first elastic member 6114 can be arranged as a tension spring buried in the side wall of the receiving groove 61111. One end of the tension spring is connected to the inner core 6112 of the gun head, and the other end is fixedly connected to the side wall of the receiving groove 61111, and the two ends are spaced a certain distance in the axial direction of the gun head housing 6111. This kind of tension spring structure does not occupy the space between the lower end surface of the inner core 6112 of the gun head and the bottom wall of the receiving groove 61111, which is beneficial for the lower end surface of the inner core 6112 of the gun head to abut against the bottom wall of the receiving groove 61111 during the moving process. However, this structure will occupy the side space of the receiving groove 61111 and increase the thickness dimension of the gun head housing 6111.

[0332] Alternatively, in an embodiment, the first elastic member 6114 is a compression spring, and the compression spring is arranged between the end surface of the inner core 6112 of the gun head facing the bottom wall and the bottom wall of the receiving groove 61111. Thus, one end of the compression spring is connected to the lower end surface of the inner core 6112 of the gun head, and the other end of the compression spring is connected to the side wall of the receiving groove 61111.

[0333] In addition, the compression spring can be sleeved on the radial outside of the pipe joint 6113, so that there is no need to design a guide post structure for installing the compression spring in the receiving groove 61111.

[0334] In addition, in order to enable the compression spring to have sufficient elastic potential energy to always drive the inner core 6112 of the gun head away from the communication position, the length dimension of a single compression spring may be relatively large, thus occupying the inner space of the receiving groove 61111, and further affecting the stroke distance of the inner core 6112 of the gun head in the receiving groove 61111. Therefore, the first elastic member 6114 includes a plurality of compression springs, and stronger elasticity is achieved by connecting in parallel a plurality of compression springs with smaller outer diameter dimensions and / or length dimensions, so as to replace a single compression spring. It is not difficult to see that a plurality of first elastic members 6114 can reduce the occupation of the inner space of the receiving groove 61111, making the overall structure of the gun head housing 6111 and the inner core 6112 of the gun head more compact.

[0335] In addition, the housing pressure relief channel of the gun head housing 6111 can be directly communicated with the outside, so as to discharge a small amount of leaked insulating heat exchange fluid 503 to the outside. Alternatively, in an embodiment, a pressure relief return channel extending along the wiring direction of the charging gun cable 620 is defined in the charging gun cable 620, and the housing pressure relief channel of the gun head housing 6111 is communicated with the pressure relief return channel. Thus, a small amount of leaked insulating heat exchange fluid 503 is also recycled, thereby avoiding waste of resources and preventing the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 from polluting the external environment.

[0336] In some embodiments, since the gun head housing 6111 is also provided with components such as a control module, the overall weight of the gun head housing 6111 is relatively heavy. In order to improve the plugging stability between the charging gun and the charging socket 17, in an embodiment, the charging socket 17 is adapted to extend into the receiving groove 61111 of the charging gun and be plugged and matched with the inner core 6112 of the gun head of the charging gun. Thus, each charging terminal on the inner core 6112 of the gun head is plugged and matched with a corresponding slot on the charging socket 17, and the outer peripheral wall of the charging socket 17 is frictionally matched with the side wall of the receiving groove 61111. These two matches result in a greater frictional force between the charging gun and the charging socket 17, making the connection between the two more stable.

[0337] In addition, in an embodiment, the gun head housing 6111 further includes: a first mating structure and a third mating structure. The first mating structure is disposed on the outer peripheral wall of the gun head housing 6111 and is detachably mated with a second mating structure of the charging socket 17 of the vehicle, and the second mating structure is disposed on the radial outer side of the charging socket 17; the third mating structure is disposed at the receiving groove 61111 of the gun head housing 6111 and is detachably mated with a fourth mating structure of the charging socket 17, and the fourth mating structure is disposed at the plugging slot 171 of the charging socket 17.

[0338] Specifically, in this embodiment, on the basis of the friction fit connection, the charging gun head 610 and the charging socket 17 are further locked through the second fit structure and the first fit structure on the outside of the two, and the fourth fit structure and the third fit structure inside the receiving groove 61111 are further locked. It is not difficult to see that the second fit structure and the first fit structure, the fourth fit structure and the third fit structure are locked from the inside and outside of the charging gun, respectively, so that the charging gun can be more firmly fixed to the charging socket 17, reducing the risk of accidental falling off after the charging gun is inserted into the charging socket 17. In this way, even if the friction fit fails, the second fit structure and the first fit structure, the fourth fit structure and the third fit structure can prevent the charging gun from falling off and causing liquid leakage or charging failure.

[0339] It can be understood that the second matching structure and the first matching structure can be structures such as snaps, locking pins, etc. For example, in one embodiment, the second matching structure defines a groove; the first matching structure is rotatably connected to the outer peripheral wall of the shell and is suitable for hooking in the groove.

[0340] See also Figure 21 Specifically, one side wall of the gun head housing 6111 can protrude to form an inclined platform, and the inclined platform is pivotally connected to a buckle 6117. The buckle 6117 can be constructed as a hook, a ring, etc. Correspondingly, a buckle hook 175 is fixedly installed on the outer peripheral wall of the charging socket 17, or on the aircraft body of the eVTOL at the charging socket 17, and the buckle hook 175 defines a groove with an opening on one side. After the charging socket 17 and the gun head inner core 6112 are plugged in, the buckle 6117 can be rotated until it is hooked on the buckle hook 175. Of course, before separating the charging gun from the charging socket 17, the buckle 6117 needs to be disengaged from the buckle hook 175.

[0341] The fourth matching structure and the first matching structure can also be configured as a locking pin, a buckle, and other structures. Alternatively, in one embodiment, the third matching structure is configured as a locking hole 61156 opened on the outer peripheral wall of the shell, and the locking hole 61156 is connected to the accommodating groove 61111; the fourth matching structure includes: a locking tongue 178 and a position switching assembly, the locking tongue 178 is arranged in the plug-in groove 171, and the locking tongue 178 is configured to be movable between an extended position and an avoidance position, in the extended position, the locking tongue 178 is suitable for extending into the locking hole 61156, and in the avoidance position, the locking tongue 178 avoids the gun head shell 6111; the position switching assembly is arranged in the plug-in groove 171, and the position switching assembly is suitable for driving the locking tongue 178 to move from the avoidance position to the extended position when the gun head inner core 6112 is plugged into the plug-in groove 171.

[0342] See also Figure 21Specifically, at least one locking hole 61156 is opened on the outer peripheral wall of the shell, and the locking hole 61156 extends along the radial direction of the gun head shell 6111 to communicate with the accommodating groove 61111.

[0343] Since the charging socket 17 is suitable for extending into the accommodating groove 61111, the outer peripheral wall of the charging socket 17 is provided with a lock tongue mounting hole along its radial direction, and the lock tongue mounting hole extends along the radial direction of the charging socket 17 to communicate with the plug-in groove 171. Part of the lock tongue 178 is fitted into the lock tongue mounting hole, and its inner end extends into the plug-in groove 171. The lock tongue 178 can be extended and retracted along the radial direction of the gun head housing 6111 in the lock tongue mounting hole. When the charging gun is plugged into the charging socket 17, the lock hole 61156 and the lock tongue mounting hole are aligned and connected one by one. When the lock tongue 178 is extended to the extended position, the lock tongue 178 protrudes from the outer peripheral wall of the charging socket 17 and its length can extend into the lock hole 61156. When the lock tongue 178 retracts to the avoidance position, the lock tongue 178 can be completely retracted into the lock tongue mounting hole, or it can partially protrude from the outer wall of the charging socket 17, as long as it does not affect the input of the charging socket 17 into the accommodating groove 61111, that is, the lock tongue 178 can avoid the gun head housing 6111, so that it can slide relative to the outer wall of the charging socket 17.

[0344] The specific position of the lock tongue 178 is controlled by the position switching component. It is understandable that the position switching component can be constructed as an electromagnet, which drives the lock tongue 178 to extend and retract. Alternatively, the position switching component can also be constructed as an electric control structure composed of a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) and an electric control switch. However, the above structure is relatively complicated, and it is not possible to realize that the lock tongue 178 automatically extends to the extended position when the charging gun is plugged into the charging socket 17, and additional instructions are required for control.

[0345] Accordingly, in one embodiment, the bolt 178 includes a first mating hole 1782 and a second mating hole 1781 that are sequentially formed and communicate with each other in the direction from the radially inner side to the radially outer side of the insertion slot 171, and in the width direction of the bolt 178, the size of the first mating hole 1782 is smaller than the size of the second mating hole 1781; the position switching assembly includes: a seat body 176, a limiting rod 177, a second elastic member 1792, and a third elastic member 1791. The seat body 176 is disposed in the insertion slot 171. A rod moving hole is formed in a side wall of the seat body 176 facing the opening of the insertion slot 171. The seat body 176 is further provided with a bolt moving hole. When the inner core 6112 of the gun head is inserted and mated with the insertion slot 171, the bolt moving hole and the locking hole 61156 are directly opposite to each other. A component accommodating cavity 1761 that communicates with the rod moving hole and the bolt moving hole is defined in the seat body 176; wherein, the bolt 178 is slidably assembled in the bolt moving hole; the limiting rod 177 is movably disposed in the rod moving hole along the depth direction of the insertion slot 171, and one end of the limiting rod 177 extends out of the rod moving hole to protrude from the side wall of the seat body 176 facing the opening of the insertion slot 171. In the insertion direction of the insertion slot 171, the limiting rod 177 includes a small-diameter portion 1771 and a large-diameter portion 1772 that are sequentially arranged, and the outer diameter of the large-diameter portion 1772 is larger than the outer diameter of the small-diameter portion 1771. The limiting rod 177 has a limiting position and a triggering position. In the limiting position, the large-diameter portion 1772 is mated with the second mating hole 1781, and in the triggering position, the small-diameter portion 1771 is mated with the first mating hole 1782; the second elastic member 1792 is disposed in the component accommodating cavity 1761, and the second elastic member 1792 constantly drives the bolt 178 to move towards the protruding position; the third elastic member 1791 is disposed in the component accommodating cavity 1761, and the third elastic member 1791 constantly drives the limiting rod 177 to move towards the triggering position.

[0346] Specifically, referring to Figures 22 to 24 , the seat body 176 can be configured as a U-shaped plate member, installed in the insertion slot 171, with its opening facing the slot side wall of the insertion slot 171 and directly opposite to and communicating with the bolt mounting hole. At this time, the top plate of the U-shaped plate member faces the opening direction of the insertion slot 171 and is provided with a rod moving hole. The bottom plate of the U-shaped plate member can be fixed to the insertion slot 171 by means of glue bonding, screw fastening, welding, etc. The middle plate of the U-shaped plate member extends along the depth direction of the insertion slot 171 (the axial direction of the gun head housing 6111), and it is spaced apart from the slot side wall of the insertion slot 171 to define the component accommodating cavity 1761.

[0347] The inner end of the locking tongue 178 extends from the locking tongue mounting hole into the component accommodation cavity 1761 and is connected to the second elastic member 1792. The second elastic member 1792 can be configured as a spring plate, a compression spring, a disc spring or other structures. It is arranged between the inner end of the locking tongue 178 and the middle plate of the C-shaped plate member and constantly drives the locking tongue 178 to extend outward to the extended position. It is worth mentioning that in the direction from the radial inner side to the radial outer side of the insertion slot 171, the locking tongue 178 includes a first mating hole 1782 and a second mating hole 1781 that are sequentially formed and communicate with each other. And in the width direction of the locking tongue 178, the size of the first mating hole 1782 is smaller than the size of the second mating hole 1781. For example, in one example, the first mating hole 1782 and the second mating hole 1781 together form a hole in the shape of a "convex" character. Among them, the protruding part of the "convex" character shape is the first mating hole 1782, and the rest of the "convex" character is the second mating hole 1781. Obviously, in the width direction of the locking tongue 178, the size of the first mating hole 1782 is smaller than the size of the second mating hole 1781. Of course, in other examples, the first mating hole 1782 and the second mating hole 1781 can also be configured as hole structures in the shape of "L", etc. The present embodiment does not limit this.

[0348] A limiting rod 177 is also installed in the component accommodation cavity 1761. The limiting rod 177 can move in the rod moving hole along the depth direction of the insertion slot 171 (the same as the axial direction of the gun head housing 6111), and one end of the limiting rod 177 extends out of the rod moving hole to protrude from the top plate of the C-shaped plate member. The other end of the limiting rod 177 is connected to the third elastic member 1791. The third elastic member 1791 can be configured as a spring plate, a compression spring, a disc spring or other structures. The third elastic member 1791 constantly drives the limiting rod 177 to move outward toward the outside of the insertion slot 171 to the limiting position.

[0349] In the insertion direction of the insertion slot 171, the limiting rod 177 is a variable diameter structure, specifically including a small diameter portion 1771 and a large diameter portion 1772 arranged in sequence. The outer diameter dimension of the large diameter portion 1772 is larger than the outer diameter dimension of the small diameter portion 1771. It is worth mentioning that the outer diameter dimension of the large diameter portion 1772 is larger than the width dimension of the first mating hole 1782, so that the large diameter portion 1772 cannot extend into the first mating hole 1782. The outer diameter dimension of the small diameter portion 1771 is smaller than the width dimension of the first mating hole 1782, so that it can extend into the first mating hole 1782.

[0350] In this way, in the process of matching the gun head inner core 6112 with the plug-in slot 171, the gun head inner core 6112 and the plug-in slot 171 are close to each other, and at this time the limit rod 177 is in the limit position, that is, the large diameter portion 1772 extends into the second matching hole 1781. One end of the limit rod 177 first contacts the upper end surface of the gun head inner core 6112. In this process, the charging socket 17 as a whole pushes the gun head inner core 6112 to move to the end position of the stroke in the accommodating groove 61111. At the same time, the gun head inner core 6112 pushes the limit rod 177 in the reverse direction to overcome the elastic potential energy of the third elastic member 1791 and move to the trigger position until the large diameter portion 1772 of the limit rod 177 is disengaged from the second matching hole 1781 in the insertion direction of the plug-in slot 171, and the small diameter portion 1771 enters the second matching hole 1781. Under the action of the second elastic member 1792 , the locking tongue 178 extends to the extended position, and at the same time, the small-diameter portion 1771 is inserted into the first matching hole 1782 .

[0351] It is not difficult to see that in this embodiment, the position control of the lock tongue 178 can be achieved through mechanical structures such as the first matching hole 1782, the second matching hole 1781, the limit rod 177, the second elastic member 1792 and the third elastic member 1791, and the above structure can naturally complete the extension of the lock tongue 178 when the charging gun and the charging socket 17 are plugged in and matched, without the need for additional operation by the staff, and has high reliability.

[0352] It is worth mentioning that the large diameter portion 1772 and the small diameter portion 1771 can be connected by a conical transition, or a step can be formed at the connection between the two. The step formed at the connection between the two facilitates the large diameter portion 1772 to quickly disengage from the second matching hole 1781, and the small diameter portion 1771 to quickly enter the first matching hole 1782, thereby improving the position switching rate of the lock tongue 178.

[0353] Of course, it is understandable that when the charging gun and the charging socket 17 are separated, the locking tongue 178 can be pushed back to the avoidance position using a tool such as a paddle.

[0354] In addition, in order to prevent the limiting rod 177 from being completely retracted into the rod movable hole, a cap portion is formed at the other end of the limiting rod 177, and the outer diameter of the cap portion is larger than the aperture of the rod movable hole.

[0355] It should be noted that the fourth matching structure may also be disposed on the gun head housing 6111 , and the corresponding third matching structure is disposed in the plug-in slot 171 .

[0356] To ensure that the upper end surface of the gun head inner core 6112 can stably push the limit rod 177, refer to Figure 11 and Figure 20, in one embodiment, a boss 61122 is protrudingly provided at one end face of the inner core 6112 of the gun head away from the bottom wall of the receiving groove 61111. Wherein, the limiting rod 177 is adapted to abut against the boss 61122 when the inner core 6112 of the gun head is inserted into the insertion groove 171 in a mating manner.

[0357] The boss 61122 can be integrally formed with the inner core 6112 of the gun head, and a corresponding cavity can also be defined therein, so as to expand the volumes of the liquid inlet cooling cavity 61121b and the liquid outlet cooling cavity 61121a. Alternatively, the boss 61122 can be a U-shaped member fixedly connected to the upper end face of the inner core 6112 of the gun head, and it is bonded or welded to the upper end face of the inner core 6112 of the gun head.

[0358] Please refer to Figure 21 and Figure 22 , in order to enable the charging socket 17 of this embodiment to independently cooperate with a standard charging gun, in one embodiment, a standard DC charging interface 172 is provided in the insertion groove 171, and the third mating structure is arranged outside the standard DC charging interface 172 and spaced apart from each other.

[0359] Specifically, a standard DC charging interface 172 is provided at the geometric center of the bottom wall of the insertion groove 171 of the charging socket 17. The left and right sides of the standard DC charging interface 172 are respectively a first extended mating area 174a and a second extended mating area 174b. The first extended mating area 174a cooperates with the first extended area 61127a of the charging gun, and the second extended mating area 174b cooperates with the second extended area 61127b. At this time, the aforementioned third mating structure is arranged in the first extended area 61127a or the second extended area 61127b and is spaced apart from the standard DC charging interface 172.

[0360] In order to improve the reliability of fastening, in one embodiment, both the fourth mating structure and the third mating structure are provided with a plurality of them. Specifically, the third mating structure can be provided with 4, and the 4 are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction of the standard DC charging interface 172. Correspondingly, the fourth mating structure and the boss 61122 on the gun head housing 6111 are also provided with 4. Of course, the third mating structure can also be 4 or more, and this embodiment does not limit this.

[0361] Please refer to Figure 16, in one embodiment, a gun head cooling cavity 61121c and a fluid flow-through channel 6234 are further defined within the charging gun head 610. One end of the fluid flow-through channel 6234 communicates with the fluid interface 112, and the other end of the fluid flow-through channel 6234 communicates with the fluid pipeline 6233. The charging gun further includes a second charging terminal to be cooled, which is disposed within the gun head cooling cavity 61121c and connected to the corresponding wire core 621, and one end of the second charging terminal to be cooled is exposed from the gun head cooling cavity 61121c.

[0362] Among them, the second charging terminal to be cooled can be at least a part of all the charging terminals. The second charging terminal to be cooled is assembled within the charging gun head 610, and one end thereof penetrates through the mating end face of the charging gun head 610 that mates with the charging socket 17 to be exposed from the charging gun head 610, while the other end of the second charging terminal to be cooled extends towards the tail to be connected to the wire core 621.

[0363] A first cable cooling channel 6236 and a second cable cooling channel 6237 are further provided within the charging gun cable 620. Both the first cable cooling channel 6236 and the second cable cooling channel 6237 are used for the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 to flow through. One end of the first cable cooling channel 6236 and one end of the second cable cooling channel 6237 both communicate with the gun head cooling cavity 61121c. The other end of the first cable cooling channel 6236 communicates with the thermal management module 500, and the other end of the second cable cooling channel 6237 communicates with the device cavity 110, so that the first cable cooling channel 6236 and the second cable cooling channel 6237 are connected within the device heat exchange branch 501.

[0364] Specifically, the first cable cooling channel 6236 and the second cable cooling channel 6237 are channels arranged in parallel with the fluid pipeline 6233 within the charging gun cable 620, and both extend along the wiring direction of the charging gun cable 620 and penetrate through the charging gun cable 620. Different from the fluid pipeline 6233, the first cable cooling channel 6236, the second cable cooling channel 6237, and the gun head cooling cavity 61121c together form a U-shaped channel within the charging gun.

[0365] In addition, in this embodiment, the charging gun head 610 does not have an inlet liquid cooling cavity 61121b and an outlet liquid cooling cavity 61121a, but only one gun head cooling cavity 61121c. At this time, all the second charging terminals to be cooled are assembled within the gun head cooling cavity 61121c and connected to the corresponding wire core 621.

[0366] In this way, the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 in the thermal management module 500 first enters the device cavity 110, then enters the charging gun cable 620 from the first cable cooling channel 6236, flows through the entire charging gun cable 620 in one direction, enters the gun head cooling cavity 61121c, then returns to the thermal management module 500 along the second cable cooling channel 6237, and finally returns to the expansion water tank. In this embodiment, on the one hand, the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 used to cool the second charging terminal to be cooled is the fluid in the device heat exchange branch 501, rather than the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 after heat exchange with the battery cell 122 in the battery heat exchange branch 502, thereby ensuring the cooling effect of each second charging terminal to be cooled. On the other hand, the connection point between the first cable cooling channel 6236 and the second cable cooling channel 6237 is not in the charging gun cable 620, but at the charging gun head 610, thereby simplifying the structure of the charging gun cable 620 and reducing the manufacturing cost. Of course, this embodiment is not limited thereto, and the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 leaving the thermal management module 500 may first enter the charging gun cable 620 , and then enter the device cavity 110 .

[0367] In addition, the charging gun head 610 further defines a fluid flow channel 6234, and the fluid flows through the channel 6234 to connect the fluid interface 112 and the corresponding fluid pipeline 6233. Figure 16 In one example, the gun tip body 611 defines two fluid interfaces 112, one in and one out. At this time, two parallel fluid flow channels 6234 are also defined in the gun tip body 611. One fluid flow channel 6234 connects one fluid interface 112 with the liquid inlet pipe 6233b, and the other fluid flow channel 6234 connects the other fluid interface 112 with the liquid outlet pipe 6234a.

[0368] In this embodiment, during fast charging, since the heat generated by the charging gun cable 620 is relatively large, the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 entering the eVTOL does not intentionally cool the charging gun cable 620 and the charging gun head 610 when flowing through the fluid pipe 6233 in the charging gun cable 620. Instead, the charging gun cable 620 is cooled by the first cable cooling channel 6236 and the second cable cooling channel 6237 additionally provided in the charging gun cable 620, and the cooling effect of the battery cavity 12A and the charging gun cable 620 is ensured by the gun head cooling cavity 61121c additionally provided in the charging gun head 610.

[0369] It is easy to understand that compared with the gun tip body 611 provided in the previous embodiment with the liquid inlet cooling cavity 61121b and the liquid outlet cooling cavity 61121a, the structure of the gun tip body 611 in this embodiment is simpler and more reliable.

[0370] Similarly, the first cable cooling channel 6236 and the second cable cooling channel 6237 in this embodiment can be configured as pipe fittings with a smooth inner wall. At this time, the material of the pipe fitting structure can be configured as metal, so as to conduct heat faster and cool the core 621 and / or the phase change material at a faster speed. For example, in one embodiment, the first cable cooling channel 6236 is configured as a thin-walled metal pipe, and the wall thickness of the thin-walled metal pipe is b, where b satisfies: 0.3 mm ≤ b ≤ 1 mm.

[0371] Alternatively, the second cable cooling channel 6237 in this embodiment can also be configured as a cavity structure formed by arranging the aforementioned sub-phase change fillers at intervals. For example, in one embodiment, the cable phase change module 623 further includes a plurality of second sub-phase change fillers arranged at intervals along the wiring direction of the charging gun cable 620, and the second sub-phase change fillers have second through holes, so that the cavities between any two adjacent second sub-phase change fillers among the plurality of second sub-phase change fillers are all communicated through the second through holes to form the second cable cooling channel 6237.

[0372] It can be understood that since the shape of the second sub-phase change filler is consistent with the shape of the gap between the core 621 and / or between the core 621 and the protective layer 622, it is irregular. And the second sub-phase change fillers are arranged at intervals, and adjacent second sub-phase change fillers are communicated through the second through holes. In this way, the flow channel cross-section of the second cable cooling channel 6237 shrinks at each second through hole, resulting in a relatively drastic change in the flow channel cross-section in the fluid flow direction of the second cable cooling channel 6237. Compared with the flow channel cross-section of the first cable cooling channel 6236 being basically the same, the relatively drastic change in the flow channel cross-section of the second cable cooling channel 6237 will effectively slow down the flow rate of the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 in the second cable cooling channel 6237, so that the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 can fully exchange heat with the core 621.

[0373] In this way, when the first cable cooling channel 6236 is configured as a thin-walled metal pipe and the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 flows into the charging gun head 610, and the second cable cooling channel 6237 is configured as a cavity structure formed by arranging the second sub-phase change fillers at intervals and the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 returns to the body, the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 can enter the gun head cooling cavity 61121c faster to cool the second charging terminal to be cooled with a larger heat generation amount, and then return to cool the charging gun cable 620, thereby improving the cooling effect.

[0374] It should be noted that each pipeline in the body can be configured as a flexible pipe or a rigid pipe, and this embodiment does not limit this.

[0375] In one embodiment, the ground maintenance system further includes an energy storage module 700. The cold and heat source module, the external charging module, and the thermal management module 500 are all connected to the energy storage module 700. The energy storage module 700 includes a plurality of detachable batteries connected in parallel, and the detachable batteries are of the same specification as the battery packs in the battery chamber 12A.

[0376] The energy source of the ground maintenance system is the energy storage module 700. The energy storage module 700 is connected to the cold and heat source module, the external charging module 400, and the thermal management module 500, so as to supply electric energy to each module and not affect normal operation when there is no power grid input. Specifically, the power grid or the power generation system is connected to the energy storage module 700. The energy storage module 700 stores the low-cost power or clean power generation of the power grid and provides the power source for other functional modules of the ground maintenance system.

[0377] It can be understood that the method of using clean power generation combined with energy storage can significantly reduce the power consumption and operation cost of eVTOL and improve the reliability of operation and maintenance.

[0378] In addition, the energy storage module 700 includes a plurality of detachable batteries connected in parallel, and the detachable batteries are of the same specification as the battery packs in the battery chamber 12A. Specifically, being of the same specification means that the attributes such as the model, size, product parameters, and performance indicators between the detachable batteries and the battery packs conform to the same standard and requirements, so that the two can be interchanged. That is, the batteries can be designed as modular batteries of the same specification as the on-board batteries. When charging and maintaining on the ground, the battery replacement mode can be selected to quickly replace the eVTOL batteries, which can quickly respond to the need to replace the batteries when the on-board batteries of eVTOL fail, while reducing the cost required for reserving spare batteries, reducing the system operation cost and improving the overall operation reliability at the same time.

[0379] In addition, please refer to Figure 25 and Figure 26 , in one embodiment, the ground maintenance system further includes: a movable vehicle 900 and an electric energy drive module 800. The airframe 100 and the energy storage module 700 are both arranged on the movable vehicle. The electric energy drive module 800 is arranged on the movable vehicle and is used to drive the movable vehicle to move; wherein, the energy storage module 700 is connected to the electric energy drive module 800.

[0380] It can be understood that the ground maintenance system can be installed in ground fixed facilities such as maintenance stations, or can be integrated into a movable vehicle 900 with mobility such as a ground crew maintenance vehicle. Of course, the mobility of the movable vehicle 900 is not limited to ground mobility, flight ability, and water travel ability. Specifically, the movable vehicle is a machine or equipment with mobility and can be used to transport equipment and / or personnel. It can be understood that the mobility includes but is not limited to ground mobility, air mobility, water surface mobility, and underwater mobility. Therefore, the movable vehicle 900 includes but is not limited to vehicles, ships, and aircraft. Hereinafter, the movable vehicle is taken as a vehicle, that is, the ground crew equipment of the electric vehicle is taken as an example of a ground crew vehicle for elaboration.

[0381] The electric energy drive module 800 is the power assembly unit of the movable vehicle. For the ground crew vehicle, the electric energy drive module 800 is the key part for the ground crew vehicle to convert electric energy into mechanical energy and thus drive the ground crew vehicle to travel. It can be understood that the electric energy drive module 800 includes but is not limited to motors, reducers, inverters, etc.

[0382] It is not difficult to see that compared with the electric energy drive module 800 and the external charging module 400 each using an independent battery for power supply, in this embodiment, both the electric energy drive module 800 for driving the movable vehicle and the external charging module 400 for charging the battery pack of the electric vehicle are connected to the energy storage module 700. Thus, the electric energy used by both is provided by the energy storage module 700, reducing the cost of the ground crew equipment.

[0383] In addition, since the detachable battery in the energy storage module 700 has the same specifications as the battery pack of the electric vehicle. Specifically, having the same specifications means that the attributes such as the model, size, product parameters, and performance indicators between the energy storage battery and the battery pack conform to the same standard and requirements, so that the two can be interchanged. When the electric vehicle needs to replace the battery pack, the detachable battery on the ground crew vehicle can be directly used as a spare part and replaced on the electric vehicle. Thus, one ground crew vehicle can provide multiple guarantee capabilities, and the operation of a single ground crew vehicle can meet the requirements of the guarantee task. Furthermore, the guarantee ability of the ground crew vehicle is improved and the guarantee cost of the eVTOL is reduced. And by integrating most of the functions required for eVTOL ground guarantee into one ground crew vehicle, the eVTOL can take off and land at airports without original ground guarantee facilities, reducing the airport construction cost and facilitating the popularization and operation of the eVTOL.

[0384] The above is only an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model, and does not limit the patent scope of the present utility model. Any equivalent structural transformation made under the technical concept of the present utility model by using the content of the specification and drawings of the present utility model, or any direct / indirect application in other related technical fields is included in the patent protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A ground maintenance system, characterized in that: The ground maintenance system includes: A body, wherein a device cavity is defined in the body, and the body further comprises a charging interface, a fluid interface, and an air interface; an external charging module, the external charging module being disposed in the device cavity and connected to the charging interface; A cold and hot source module, the cold and hot source module is arranged in the body, and the cold and hot source module defines a refrigerant circuit; an off-body air delivery pipeline, the off-body air delivery pipeline being arranged on the machine body and being in communication with the air interface, and being used for delivering air into the vehicle when the air interface is connected to the vehicle; wherein the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit performs heat exchange with the air in the off-body air delivery pipeline; and A thermal management module, wherein the thermal management module is arranged in the body, and the thermal management module is connected to the device cavity to form a device heat exchange branch, so that the insulating heat exchange fluid of the thermal management module can flow in the device heat exchange branch and be filled into the device cavity, and the thermal management module is connected to the fluid interface, and is used to be connected to the battery cavity of the vehicle to form a battery heat exchange branch when the fluid interface is connected to the vehicle, so that the insulating heat exchange fluid can flow in the battery heat exchange branch and be filled into the battery cavity; wherein the refrigerant also exchanges heat with the insulating heat exchange fluid.

2. The ground maintenance system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The refrigerant circuit includes a first refrigerant branch and a second refrigerant branch connected in parallel. The refrigerant in the first refrigerant branch exchanges heat with the air in the isolated air delivery pipeline, and the refrigerant in the second refrigerant branch exchanges heat with the insulating heat exchange fluid.

3. The ground maintenance system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ground maintenance system also includes: an air heat exchanger, wherein a first side of the air heat exchanger is connected to the first refrigerant branch, and a second side of the air heat exchanger is connected to the off-body air delivery pipeline, and is used to perform heat exchange between the refrigerant in the first refrigerant branch and the air in the off-body air delivery pipeline; A fluid heat exchanger, wherein the first side of the fluid heat exchanger is connected to the second refrigerant branch, and the second side of the fluid heat exchanger is connected to the thermal management module, and is used for exchanging heat between the refrigerant in the second refrigerant branch and the insulating heat exchange fluid in the thermal management module.

4. The ground maintenance system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The thermal management module includes a main circuit, the main circuit includes a medium storage box and a pump connected by a pipeline, the second side of the fluid heat exchanger is connected in the main circuit and connected to the outlet of the pump through a pipeline, and the insulating heat exchange fluid is stored in the medium storage box; The device heat exchange branch and the battery heat exchange branch are connected in parallel and then in series to the main circuit to form a circulation loop; or, the device heat exchange branch, the battery heat exchange branch and the main circuit are connected in series to form a circulation loop.

5. The ground maintenance system according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the device heat exchange branch, the battery heat exchange branch and the main circuit are connected in series, the device heat exchange branch and the battery heat exchange branch are connected in series to the main circuit in sequence.

6. The ground maintenance system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermal management module also includes an air filling and fluid replacement component; The gas-filling and liquid-exchanging assembly is in communication with the battery heat-exchanging branch circuit, and is used to input non-combustible gas into the battery cavity to discharge the insulating heat-exchanging fluid from the battery cavity; and / or, the gas-filling and liquid-exchanging assembly is in communication with the device heat-exchanging branch circuit, and is used to input non-combustible gas into the device cavity to discharge the insulating heat-exchanging fluid from the device cavity; The non-combustible gas includes one or more of inert gas, nitrogen, carbon dioxide and sulfur hexafluoride.

7. The ground maintenance system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermal management module comprises: A first thermal management submodule, wherein the first thermal management submodule is in communication with the device heat exchange branch; A second thermal management submodule is connected to the battery heat exchange branch.

8. The ground maintenance system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The insulating heat exchange fluid is made of deionized water, electronic fluorinated liquid, hydrocarbons, esters or silicone oils.

9. The ground maintenance system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The body includes a charging gun, and the charging gun includes: A charging gun head, wherein the charging gun head has the fluid interface and the charging interface; A charging gun cable, the charging gun cable is connected to the charging gun head, a plurality of wire cores and fluid pipes are arranged in the charging gun cable, one end of the wire core is connected to the charging interface, the other end of the wire core is connected to the external charging module, one end of the fluid pipe is connected to the fluid interface, and the other end of the fluid pipe is connected to the thermal management module.

10. The ground maintenance system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The charging gun head also defines a gun head cooling cavity and a fluid flow channel, one end of the fluid flow channel is connected to the fluid interface, and the other end of the fluid flow channel is connected to the fluid pipeline; The charging gun further includes a second charging terminal to be cooled, the second charging terminal to be cooled is arranged in the cooling cavity of the gun head and connected to the corresponding wire core, and one end of the second charging terminal to be cooled is exposed from the charging gun head; The charging gun cable also defines a first cable cooling channel and a second cable cooling channel, one end of the first cable cooling channel and one end of the second cable cooling channel are both connected to the gun head cooling cavity; the other end of the first cable cooling channel is connected to the thermal management module, and the other end of the second cable cooling channel is connected to the device cavity, so that the first cable cooling channel and the second cable cooling channel are connected to the device heat exchange branch.

11. The ground maintenance system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ground maintenance system also includes an energy storage module, and the cold and heat source module, the external charging module, and the thermal management module are all connected to the energy storage module; The energy storage module includes a plurality of detachable batteries connected in parallel, and the specifications of the detachable batteries are consistent with those of the battery pack in the battery cavity.

12. The ground maintenance system according to claim 11, characterized in that: The ground maintenance system also includes: A movable carrier, the body and the energy storage module are both arranged on the movable carrier; An electric energy driving module, the electric energy driving module is arranged on the movable carrier and is used to drive the movable carrier to move; Wherein, the energy storage module is connected to the electric energy driving module.

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