Impedance conversion type broadband pulse power load

Abstract

The utility model discloses an impedance conversion type broadband pulse power load, which is characterized in that eight input ports of four first-stage two-path power combiner units are respectively connected with eight pulse power loads, and four output ports of the four first-stage two-path power combiner units are respectively connected with input ports of four first-stage coaxial impedance conversion sections; four input ports of the two second-stage two-path power combiner units are respectively connected with output ports of the four first-stage coaxial impedance conversion sections, and two output ports of the two second-stage two-path power combiner units are respectively connected with input ports of the two second-stage coaxial impedance conversion sections; the output port of the third-stage two-path power combiner unit is connected with the input port of the third-stage coaxial impedance conversion section; the input port of the third-stage two-path power combiner unit is connected with the output port of the second-stage coaxial impedance conversion section; and each first-stage coaxial impedance conversion section, each second-stage coaxial impedance conversion section and each third-stage coaxial impedance conversion section are subjected to eight-order impedance conversion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of radio frequency / load, and particularly relates to an impedance transformation type broadband pulse power load. Background Art

[0002] Dry loads are mainly used to absorb the power of radio frequency or microwave systems. They are fully matched loads connected to the end of a transmission line, absorbing all the power without reflection, such as being used as the end of a transmitter. They can also be used as the matching ports of multi-port microwave devices such as power dividers and directional couplers to ensure the matching of characteristic impedance for accurate measurement.

[0003] With the development of broadband high-power microwave devices, existing dry loads can no longer meet the usage requirements of broadband high power. Content of the Utility Model

[0004] Purpose of the Utility Model: To solve the problem that existing dry loads can no longer meet the usage requirements of broadband high power, the utility model proposes an impedance transformation type broadband pulse power load.

[0005] Technical Solution: An impedance transformation type broadband pulse power load includes: one total output port, 4 first-stage 2-way power combiner units, 2 second-stage 2-way power combiner units, 1 third-stage 2-way power combiner unit, 4 first-stage coaxial impedance transformation sections, 2 second-stage coaxial impedance transformation sections, 1 third-stage coaxial impedance transformation section, and 8 pulse power loads;

[0006] The output ports of each first-stage 2-way power combiner unit are respectively connected to the input ports of 1 first-stage coaxial impedance transformation section; the 8 input ports of the 4 first-stage 2-way power combiner units are respectively connected to the output ports of the corresponding 8 pulse power loads;

[0007] The output ports of each second-stage 2-way power combiner unit are respectively connected to the input ports of 1 second-stage coaxial impedance transformation section; the 4 input ports of the 2 second-stage 2-way power combiner units are respectively connected to the output ports of the 4 first-stage coaxial impedance transformation sections;

[0008] The output port of the third-stage 2-way power combiner unit is connected to the input port of the third-stage coaxial impedance transformation section; the input port of the third-stage 2-way power combiner unit is connected to the output port of the second-stage coaxial impedance transformation section; the output port of the third-stage coaxial impedance transformation section serves as the final total output port;

[0009] Each first-stage coaxial impedance transformation section, each second-stage coaxial impedance transformation section, and each third-stage coaxial impedance transformation section all perform 8th-order impedance transformation to transform the input port impedance Z1 to achieve the output port impedance Z2.

[0010] Further, each of the first - stage coaxial impedance transformation sections is composed of 2 sections of copper pipes connected. Each section of copper pipe consists of an inner conductor and an outer conductor. The inner conductor is an 8 - stage coaxial impedance transformation section. The inner conductors are connected and fixed by welding plugs, the outer conductors are connected and fixed by flange plates, and a tetrafluoro support is installed between the inner and outer conductors.

[0011] Further, each of the second - stage coaxial impedance transformation sections is composed of 4 sections of copper pipes connected in sequence. Each section of copper pipe includes an inner conductor and an outer conductor. The inner conductors are all 8 - stage coaxial impedance transformation sections. The inner conductors are connected by welding plugs, the outer conductors are connected and fixed by flange plates, and a tetrafluoro support is installed between the inner and outer conductors.

[0012] Further, each of the third - stage coaxial impedance transformation sections is composed of 4 sections of copper pipes connected in sequence. Each section of copper pipe includes an inner conductor and an outer conductor. The inner conductors are all 8 - stage coaxial impedance transformation sections. The inner conductors are connected by welding plugs, the outer conductors are connected and fixed by flange plates, and a tetrafluoro support is installed between the inner and outer conductors.

[0013] Further, the pulse power load includes: a load cavity, a load output port provided on the load cavity, a first - layer PCB and a second - layer PCB provided in the load cavity;

[0014] Four fourth - stage 2 - way power combiner units are provided on the first - layer PCB. The output ports of every two fourth - stage 2 - way power combiner units are connected to the input port of 1 fifth - stage 2 - way power combiner on the second - layer PCB through a U - shaped connection structure; the input port of each fourth - stage 2 - way power combiner unit is connected to 1 matching load resistor;

[0015] Two fifth - stage 2 - way power combiner units and one sixth - stage 2 - way power combiner unit are provided on the second - layer PCB; the output ports of the two fifth - stage 2 - way power combiner units are connected to the input port of the sixth - stage 2 - way power combiner unit through microstrip lines, and the output port of the sixth - stage 2 - way power combiner unit is connected to the load output port through microstrip lines.

[0016] Further, the fourth - stage 2 - way power combiner unit, the fifth - stage 2 - way power combiner unit and the sixth - stage 2 - way power combiner unit all achieve 2 - way power combination through 10 - stage impedance transformation.

[0017] Further, on the second - layer PCB, metal walls are provided between the two fifth - stage 2 - way power combiner units, between the two fifth - stage 2 - way power combiner units and the sixth - stage 2 - way power combiner unit, and between each microstrip line.

[0018] Further, 8 pulse power loads are used to obtain a 400kW impedance - transformed broadband pulse power load.

[0019] Furthermore, 4 pulse power loads are used to obtain a 200kW impedance-transformed broadband pulse power load.

[0020] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:

[0021] (1) The working frequency bandwidth of the impedance conversion broadband pulse power load proposed by the utility model can reach 7.5 times the frequency;

[0022] (2) The impedance conversion broadband pulse power load proposed by the utility model adopts a microstrip line PCB structure and a coaxial impedance conversion structure, so that the structure of the power load is compact, the power capacity is greater than 400kW, and the processing is more convenient; and through the built-in matching load resistor, the use of the broadband pulse power load is convenient, and it has the advantages of higher efficiency and better consistency;

[0023] (3) The utility model uses a multi-order impedance transformation design to achieve a wider operating frequency; this multi-order impedance transformation method can be used in the design of broadband power loads with other multiples such as 3 times the frequency and 5 times the frequency;

[0024] (4) The utility model achieves a 400kW power capacity through a cascade design of a power load unit, a two-way power combiner and a coaxial impedance transformation section; this cascade design can be used in the design of broadband power loads with other power capacity levels such as 100kW, 200kW, 300kW, etc. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is the schematic diagram of the impedance transformation section;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an impedance conversion type broadband pulse power load proposed by the utility model;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an impedance conversion type broadband pulse power load proposed by the utility model;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of an impedance conversion type broadband pulse power load proposed by the utility model;

[0029] Figure 5 A top view of an impedance conversion type broadband pulse power load proposed by the utility model;

[0030] Figure 6 is a top view of a first-stage 2-way power combiner unit;

[0031] Figure 7Is the bottom view of the first - stage 2 - way power combiner unit;

[0032] Figure 8 Is the schematic diagram of the three - dimensional structure of the first - stage 2 - way power combiner unit;

[0033] Figure 9 Is the schematic diagram of the three - dimensional structure of the second - stage 2 - way power combiner unit;

[0034] Figure 10 Is the schematic diagram of the structure of the second - stage 2 - way power combiner unit;

[0035] Figure 11 Is the schematic diagram of the three - dimensional structure of the third - stage 2 - way power combiner unit;

[0036] Figure 12 Is the schematic diagram of the structure of the third - stage 2 - way power combiner unit;

[0037] Figure 13 Is the schematic diagram of the structure of the first - stage coaxial impedance transformation section;

[0038] Figure 14 Is the schematic diagram of the structure of the second - stage coaxial impedance transformation section;

[0039] Figure 15 Is the schematic diagram of the structure of the third - stage coaxial impedance transformation section;

[0040] Figure 16 Is the external view schematic diagram of the 50kW pulsed - power load;

[0041] Figure 17 Is the explosion diagram of the 50kW pulsed - power load;

[0042] Figure 18 Is the schematic diagram of the first - layer PCB structure of the 50kW pulsed - power load;

[0043] Figure 19 Is the schematic diagram of the second - layer PCB structure of the 50kW pulsed - power load;

[0044] Figure 20 Is the schematic diagram of the principle of realizing 2 - way power combination by 10 - order impedance transformation;

[0045] Figure 21 Is the schematic diagram of the principle of the 50kW pulsed - power load. Specific implementation mode

[0046] Now, the technical solution of the present utility model will be further elaborated in combination with the attached drawings and embodiments.

[0047] Figure 1The principle of the impedance transformation section is shown. The input port impedance is 25 ohm, and after 8 - order impedance transformation, the output port impedance becomes 50 ohm. Multi - order impedance transformation can effectively broaden the operating frequency band of the load. Based on this, in this embodiment, a 400 - kW impedance - transformed broadband pulsed - power load is proposed. Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the power load is shown. Figures 3 to 5 The external view of the power load is shown. This power load is obtained by cascading 8 50 - kW pulsed - power loads, three - stage 2 - way power combiners, and three - stage coaxial impedance transformation sections. Specifically, it includes a mounting and fixing bracket 1, 1 output port 2, three - stage 2 - way power combiners, three - stage coaxial impedance transformation sections, and 8 50 - kW power loads 9.

[0048] Specifically, the three - stage 2 - way power combiners adopted in this embodiment include: 4 first - stage 2 - way power combiners 3, 2 second - stage 2 - way power combiners 4, and 1 third - stage 2 - way power combiner 5. The three - stage coaxial impedance transformation sections include 4 first - stage coaxial impedance transformation sections 6, 2 second - stage coaxial impedance transformation sections 7, and 1 third - stage coaxial impedance transformation section 8.

[0049] Among them, as Figures 6 to 8 shown, each first - stage 2 - way power combiner 3 includes two input ports and one output port; the impedance of the input port is Z1 (in this embodiment, Z1 = 50 ohm), and the impedance of the output port is Z2 (in this embodiment, Z2 = 25 ohm). The output ports of the 4 first - stage 2 - way power combiners 3 are respectively connected to the input ports of the corresponding 4 first - stage coaxial impedance transformation sections 6; the input ports of the 4 first - stage 2 - way power combiners 3 are respectively connected to the output ports of the corresponding 8 50 - kW power loads.

[0050] As Figure 13 shown, the first - stage coaxial impedance transformation section 6 adopted in this embodiment includes 1 input port and 1 output port. The impedance of the input port is Z1, and the impedance of the output port is Z2. The output Z2 is realized by transforming from the input impedance Z1; the first - stage coaxial impedance transformation section is composed of 2 sections of copper pipes connected. Each section of copper pipe consists of an inner conductor and an outer conductor. The inner conductor is an 8 - order coaxial impedance transformation section. The inner conductors are connected and fixed by welding plugs, and the outer conductors are connected and fixed by flange plates. A tetrafluoro support is installed between the inner and outer conductors. The input port of the first - stage coaxial impedance transformation section 6 is connected to the output port of the first - stage 2 - way power combiner 3; the output port of the first - stage coaxial impedance transformation section 6 is connected to the input port of the second - stage 2 - way power combiner 3. Among them, as Figure 9 and Figure 10As shown, each second-stage 2-way power combiner unit 4 includes two input ports and one output port; the impedance of the input ports is Z1, and the impedance of the output port is Z2. The output ports of the two second-stage 2-way power combiner units 4 are respectively connected to the input ports of the two second-stage coaxial impedance transformation sections 7; the input ports of the two second-stage 2-way power combiner units 4 are respectively connected to the output ports of the four first-stage coaxial impedance transformation sections 6.

[0051] As Figure 14 shown, the second-stage coaxial impedance transformation section 7 adopted in this embodiment includes one input port and one output port, the impedance of the input port is Z1, the impedance of the output port is Z2, and the output Z2 is realized by transforming the input impedance Z1; each second-stage coaxial impedance transformation section 6 is composed of four sections of copper pipes connected in sequence. Each section of copper pipe includes an inner conductor and an outer conductor. The inner conductors are all 8-order coaxial impedance transformation sections. The inner conductors are connected by welding plugs, and the outer conductors are connected and fixed by flange plates. Teflon supports are installed between the inner and outer conductors. The input port of the second-stage coaxial impedance transformation section 7 is connected to the output port of the second-stage 2-way power combiner unit 4; the output port of the second-stage coaxial impedance transformation section 7 is connected to the input port of the third-stage 2-way power combiner unit 5.

[0052] Among them, as Figure 11 and Figure 12 shown, the third-stage 2-way power combiner unit 5 includes two input ports and one output port; the impedance of the input ports is Z1, and the impedance of the output port is Z2. The output port of the third-stage 2-way power combiner unit 5 is connected to the input port of the third-stage coaxial impedance transformation section 8; the input port of the third-stage 2-way power combiner unit 5 is connected to the output port of the second-stage coaxial impedance transformation section 7.

[0053] As Figure 15 shown, the third-stage coaxial impedance transformation section 8 adopted in this embodiment includes one input port and one output port, the impedance of the input port is Z1, the impedance of the output port is Z2, and the output Z2 is realized by transforming the input impedance Z1; the third-stage coaxial impedance transformation section 8 is composed of four sections of copper pipes connected in sequence. Each section of copper pipe includes an inner conductor and an outer conductor. The inner conductors are all 8-order coaxial impedance transformation sections. The inner conductors are connected by welding plugs, and the outer conductors are connected and fixed by flange plates. Teflon supports are installed between the inner and outer conductors. The input port of the third-stage coaxial impedance transformation section 8 is connected to the output port of the third-stage power combiner unit 5; the output port of the third-stage coaxial impedance transformation section 8 is the output port 2 of a 400kW impedance transformation type broadband pulse power load proposed in this embodiment.

[0054] The 50kW pulse power load 9 adopted in this embodiment, as Figures 16 to 19As shown in the figure, it includes: a load cavity, a load output port 91 provided on the load cavity, a first-layer PCB 92 and a second-layer PCB 93 provided in the load cavity; as Figure 18 shown, four fourth-stage 2-way power combiner units 94 are provided on the first-layer PCB 92, and the output ports of every two fourth-stage 2-way power combiner units 94 are connected to the input ports of one fifth-stage 2-way power combiner 96 on the second-layer PCB 93 through a U-shaped connection structure 95; the input port of each fourth-stage 2-way power combiner unit 94 is connected to a matching load resistor 97; as Figure 19 shown, two fifth-stage 2-way power combiner units 96 and one sixth-stage 2-way power combiner unit 98 are provided on the second-layer PCB; the output ports of the two fifth-stage 2-way power combiner units 96 are connected to the input port of the sixth-stage 2-way power combiner unit 98 through a microstrip line, and the output port of the sixth-stage 2-way power combiner unit 98 is connected to the load output port 91 provided on the load cavity through a microstrip line.

[0055] In a 50kW pulsed power load, the fourth-stage 2-way power combiner unit 94, the fifth-stage 2-way power combiner unit 96, and the sixth-stage 2-way power combiner unit 98 all achieve 2-way power combination through a 10-order impedance transformation, as Figure 20 and Figure 21 shown.

[0056] On the second-layer PCB of the 50kW pulsed power load, metal walls are provided between the two fifth-stage 2-way power combiner units 96, between the two fifth-stage 2-way power combiner units 96 and the sixth-stage 2-way power combiner unit 98, and between each microstrip line. In this embodiment, by adjusting the number of 50kW pulsed power loads and matching with a suitable subsequent cascading structure, various power capacities can be achieved. For example, using 4 50kW pulsed power loads can achieve 200kW.

[0057] A 400kW impedance transformation type broadband pulsed power load proposed in this embodiment can achieve a standing wave ratio of less than 1.3 and a power capacity of greater than 400kW between the operating frequencies of 100 - 750MHz. The design method of the broadband pulsed power load proposed in this embodiment can also be applied to the design of power loads at other frequencies and other frequency multiples, and can also be applied to power loads at other power levels, such as 100kW or 200kW power loads.

Claims

1. An impedance conversion type broadband pulse power load, characterized in that: include: One total output port, four first-stage 2-way power combiner units, two second-stage 2-way power combiner units, one third-stage 2-way power combiner unit, four first-stage coaxial impedance transformation sections, two second-stage coaxial impedance transformation sections, one third-stage coaxial impedance transformation section, and eight pulse power loads; The output port of each first-stage 2-way power combiner unit is respectively connected to the input port of one first-stage coaxial impedance transformation section; the eight input ports of the four first-stage 2-way power combiner units are respectively connected to the output ports of the corresponding eight pulse power loads; The output port of each second-stage 2-way power combiner unit is respectively connected to the input port of one second-stage coaxial impedance transformation section; The four input ports of the two second-stage two-way power combiner units are respectively connected to the output ports of the four first-stage coaxial impedance transformation sections; The output port of the third-stage 2-way power combiner unit is connected to the input port of the third-stage coaxial impedance transformation section; the input port of the third-stage 2-way power combiner unit is connected to the output port of the second-stage coaxial impedance transformation section; the output port of the third-stage coaxial impedance transformation section serves as the final total output port; Each first-stage coaxial impedance transformation section, each second-stage coaxial impedance transformation section and each third-stage coaxial impedance transformation section all transform the input port impedance to realize the output port impedance through 8-order impedance transformation.

2. The impedance-converting broadband pulse power load according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the first-stage coaxial impedance transformation sections is composed of two sections of copper tubes, each section of the copper tube is composed of an inner conductor and an outer conductor, the inner conductor is an 8th-order coaxial impedance transformation section, the inner conductors are connected and fixed by welding plugs, the outer conductors are connected and fixed by flanges, and a polytetrafluoroethylene support is installed between the inner and outer conductors.

3. The impedance-converting broadband pulse power load according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the second-stage coaxial impedance transformation sections is composed of 4 sections of copper tubes connected in sequence, each section of the copper tube includes an inner conductor and an outer conductor, the inner conductors are all 8th-order coaxial impedance transformation sections, the inner conductors are connected by welding plugs, the outer conductors are connected and fixed by flanges, and polytetrafluoroethylene supports are installed between the inner and outer conductors.

4. The impedance-converting broadband pulse power load according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the third-stage coaxial impedance transformation sections is composed of 4 sections of copper tubes connected in sequence, each section of the copper tube includes an inner conductor and an outer conductor, the inner conductors are all 8th-order coaxial impedance transformation sections, the inner conductors are connected by welding plugs, the outer conductors are connected and fixed by flanges, and a polytetrafluoroethylene support is installed between the inner and outer conductors.

5. The impedance-converting broadband pulse power load according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pulse power load comprises: a load cavity, a load output port arranged on the load cavity, a first layer PCB and a second layer PCB arranged in the load cavity; Four fourth-stage 2-way power combiner units are arranged on the first-layer PCB, and the output ports of every two fourth-stage 2-way power combiner units are connected to the input port of a fifth-stage 2-way power combiner on the second-layer PCB through a U-shaped connection structure; the input port of each fourth-stage 2-way power combiner unit is connected to a matching load resistor; Two fifth-level 2-way power combiner units and one sixth-level 2-way power combiner unit are arranged on the second-layer PCB; the output ports of the two fifth-level 2-way power combiner units are connected to the input port of the sixth-level 2-way power combiner unit through microstrip lines, and the output port of the sixth-level 2-way power combiner unit is connected to the load output port through the microstrip line.

6. The impedance-converting broadband pulse power load according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fourth-stage 2-way power combiner unit, the fifth-stage 2-way power combiner unit and the sixth-stage 2-way power combiner unit all realize 2-way power combination through 10th-order impedance transformation.

7. The impedance-converting broadband pulse power load according to claim 5, characterized in that: On the second layer PCB, metal walls are provided between two fifth-stage 2-way power combiner units, between the two fifth-stage 2-way power combiner units and the sixth-stage 2-way power combiner unit, and between each microstrip line.

8. The impedance-converting broadband pulse power load according to claim 5, characterized in that: Eight pulse power loads are used to obtain a 400kW impedance-transformed broadband pulse power load.

9. The impedance-converting broadband pulse power load according to claim 5, characterized in that: By using four pulse power loads, a 200kW impedance-converted broadband pulse power load is obtained.

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