Soil crushing machine for field

Abstract

The utility model provides a field soil crushing machine, which relates to the technical field of farming machinery and comprises a soil block collecting device, a primary screening device, a soil block transmission device and a soil crushing device. The soil block collecting device is connected with the soil crushing device through a soil block transmission device; the soil block collecting device goes deep into a soil layer to take soil, the soil block transmission device conveys the taken soil, and the primary screening device screens soil blocks on the soil block transmission device, so that the large soil blocks enter the soil crushing device to be crushed. Soil is taken through the soil block collecting device, soil blocks on the soil block transmission device are primarily screened through the primary screening device, small aggregates and soil particles meeting the farming standard are screened and fall back to the field without being crushed, and large soil blocks are left on the soil block transmission device and conveyed to the soil crushing device to be crushed. Therefore, large soil blocks can be accurately crushed, the physical structure of the soil is improved, and the granular structure of the soil is not damaged, so that hardened fields or fields with large soil blocks are easy to cultivate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of farming machinery, in particular to a soil crushing machine in the field. Background Art

[0002] Saline-alkali soil refers to a general term for a series of soils affected by the action of saline-alkali components in the soil body, including various saline soils, alkali soils, and other soils with different degrees of salinization and alkalization, and is sometimes also called saline soil. Drip irrigation water and salt regulation for saline-alkali land agriculture is a saline-alkali land planting mode that has gradually emerged in recent years. It mainly controls the matrix potential of soil characteristic points during the growth period of plants for irrigation. The "dry seeding and wet emergence" planting method is adopted, and spring irrigation and autumn irrigation are not carried out during the year.

[0003] It is found in practice that after planting in saline-alkali land, after autumn plowing and rotary tillage, there are still a large number of large soil clods (with a diameter greater than 5 cm) in the field in the coming spring. These soil clods cannot be easily broken by agricultural machinery such as rotary tillers and power harrows, and their existence seriously affects the effect of ridging and mulching, seriously affects the sowing depth, and reduces the emergence rate.

[0004] In the prior art, for example, the Chinese patent CN218104089U authorized and announced on December 23, 2022, the Chinese patent CN216491855U authorized and announced on May 13, 2022, and other currently existing main machinery such as rotary tillers and power harrows all use a crushing mechanism to comprehensively crush the passing soil. This method cannot accurately crush large soil clods and is easy to damage the soil aggregate structure. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a soil crushing machine in the field, which can accurately crush large soil clods and make the field with compacted soil or large soil clods reach a state easy to cultivate;

[0006] The utility model provides a soil crushing machine in the field, including a soil clod collection device, a soil clod transmission device, a soil crushing device, and a primary screening device; the soil clod collection device is connected to the soil crushing device through the soil clod transmission device; the soil clod collection device penetrates into the soil layer to take soil, the soil clod transmission device conveys the taken soil, and the primary screening device screens the soil clods on the soil clod transmission device to make the large soil clods enter the soil crushing device for crushing.

[0007] Furthermore, it also includes a vehicle body and wheels, the wheels are connected to the bottom of the vehicle body, and the soil clod collection device, the soil clod transmission device, the soil crushing device, and the primary screening device are respectively installed on the vehicle body.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes a pull rod and a power device, the power device is connected to the vehicle body through the pull rod to pull the vehicle body forward.

[0009] Further, the soil block collecting device includes a soil sampler in a shovel shape structure.

[0010] Further, the soil block transmission device includes a plurality of feeding rollers arranged in parallel, and a driving device for driving the feeding rollers to move and convey the soil blocks.

[0011] Further, baffles are provided on both sides of the feeding rollers arranged in parallel.

[0012] Further, the feeding rollers arranged in parallel are inclined, with the bottom connected to the soil block collecting device and the top connected to the soil crushing device.

[0013] Further, the primary screening device includes a gap provided between two adjacent feeding rollers.

[0014] Further, the soil crushing device includes a housing and an impeller. The impeller is rotatably arranged in the housing, and the soil block transmission device conveys the soil blocks into the housing.

[0015] Further, a re-screening device is provided on the housing. The re-screening device includes a sieve mesh, and the sieve holes of the sieve mesh are consistent with the size of the required soil blocks.

[0016] The technical solution of the present utility model takes soil through the soil block collecting device, and performs primary screening on the soil blocks on the soil block transmission device through the primary screening device. The small agglomerates and soil particles meeting the tillage standard are screened and fall back to the field without being crushed, and the large soil blocks are left on the soil block transmission device and conveyed to the soil crushing device for crushing. Thus, it can achieve the effect of precisely crushing large soil blocks, improving the physical structure of the soil without destroying the soil aggregate structure, and making the fields with compacted soil or large soil blocks reach a state easy to cultivate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present utility model. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the usage state of the present utility model;

[0021] Explanation of the reference numerals:

[0022] 1 - Soil block collection device; 2 - Soil block transmission device; 201 - Feeding roller; 202 - Driving device; 203 - Baffle; 3 - Soil crushing device; 301 - Housing; 302 - Impeller; 303 - Reducing motor; 4 - Primary screening device; 5 - Vehicle body; 6 - Wheels; 7 - Pull rod; 8 - Re - screening device. Specific embodiments

[0023] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without creative work shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0024] In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus cannot be understood as a limitation of the present utility model.

[0025] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the described features. In the description of the present utility model, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specifically defined. In addition, the terms "installation", "connection", and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication of two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0026] Embodiment 1

[0027] As Figures 1 - 3As shown in the figure, the utility model provides a soil crushing machine in the field, which includes a soil block collection device 1, a soil block transmission device 2, a soil crushing device 3 and a primary screening device 4; the soil block collection device 1 is connected to the soil crushing device 3 through the soil block transmission device 2; the soil block collection device 1 penetrates into the soil layer to pick up soil, the soil block transmission device 2 conveys the picked-up soil, and the primary screening device 4 screens the soil blocks on the soil block transmission device 2, so that the large soil blocks enter the soil crushing device 3 for crushing.

[0028] Specifically, in this device, the soil block collection device 1 can be a bucket or a shovel-shaped soil picker, which is inserted into the field land and continuously shovels up the field soil blocks as it moves forward; after the shoveled soil blocks come into contact with the soil block transmission device 2 that moves forward with the soil block collection device 1, they are conveyed along the soil block transmission device 2 to the soil crushing device 3; during the process of the soil blocks being conveyed on the soil block transmission device 2, they are also initially screened by the primary screening device 4. After the initial screening, the small-particle soil and aggregate structures pass through the primary screening device 4 and fall back to the field without passing through the subsequent soil crushing device 3, while the large soil blocks are left on the soil block transmission device 2 and conveyed to the soil crushing device 3, where they are crushed into small-particle soil blocks of the required size and then returned to the field. Thus, this device can achieve the effect of only crushing large soil blocks without crushing small-particle soil blocks and aggregate structures, improving the physical structure of the soil without destroying the soil aggregate structure, and making the saline-alkali land reach an easily cultivable state.

[0029] Embodiment 2

[0030] It further includes a vehicle body 5 and wheels 6. The wheels 6 are connected to the bottom of the vehicle body 5. The soil block collection device 1, the soil block transmission device 2, the soil crushing device 3 and the primary screening device 4 are respectively installed on the vehicle body 5. It further includes a pull rod 7 and a power device ( Figure 3 a tractor in this case), and the power device is connected to the vehicle body 5 through the pull rod 7 to pull the vehicle body 5 forward.

[0031] Specifically, the forward movement of this device in the field is realized through the vehicle body 5 and the wheels 6. The wheels 6 are variable-height wheels, so that the depth of the soil block collection device 1 penetrating into the field is adjustable. For example, the height adjustment method of the wheels 6 is to connect the wheel axle of the wheels 6 to the bottom of the vehicle body 5 through a telescopic rod with an adjustable length, and the height of the wheels 6 can be changed by adjusting the length of the telescopic rod. The vehicle body 5 is used to install and connect each component device. For example, the soil block collection device 1 is installed below the front end of the vehicle body 5, the soil block transmission device 2 is installed in the middle of the vehicle body 5, and the soil crushing device 3 is installed at the rear of the vehicle body 5, so that all devices move forward synchronously.

[0032] The forward power of this device in the field is realized through the power device and the pull rod 7. A connector is provided at the front end of the pull rod 7 for detachably connecting to the power device, specifically a tractor for example, to tow the vehicle body 5 forward, and then the soil block collection device 1 can move forward continuously to collect soil blocks. The towing speed and direction can be adjusted according to the speed and direction of the tractor.

[0033] Example 3

[0034] The soil block collection device 1 includes a soil picker with a shovel-shaped structure.

[0035] Specifically, the cross-section of the soil picker with a shovel-shaped structure is wedge-shaped, which is convenient for inserting into the soil layer and transporting the soil layer at a certain depth to the soil block transmission device 2. And the upper end surface of the soil picker is an inclined plane sloping upward, so that the shoveled soil blocks can better enter the soil block transmission device 2 along this inclined plane.

[0036] Example 4

[0037] The soil block transmission device 2 includes a plurality of feeding rollers 201 arranged in parallel, and a driving device 202 for driving the feeding rollers 201 to rotate and convey the soil blocks. Baffles 203 are provided on both sides of the feeding rollers 201 arranged in parallel. The feeding rollers 201 arranged in parallel are inclined, with the bottom connected to the soil block collection device 1 and the top connected to the soil crushing device 3. The primary screening device 4 includes a gap provided between two adjacent feeding rollers 201.

[0038] Specifically, the feeding rollers 201 are slidably or rollably connected in the annular slides provided on the two side frames, and the ends of all the feeding rollers 201 are connected to an annular chain belt to be linked; the driving device 202 can specifically be a reduction motor 303, which drives the annular chain belt to continuously rotate by meshing with the two end gears rotatably provided on the two side frames, so as to drive all the feeding rollers 201 connected to the annular chain belt to move upward cyclically to convey the soil blocks.

[0039] A plurality of feeding rollers 201 are arranged in parallel in two layers along the obliquely upward direction to form an annular rotating structure. The surface of the feeding rollers 201 can be provided with a friction surface layer or baffles to better lift the soil blocks obliquely upward when contacting them.

[0040] The feeding rollers 201 are arranged at intervals, so that a gap is provided between adjacent feeding rollers 201. The width of the gap is the same as the size of the smallest required soil block. This gap is the primary screening device 4. According to the required soil particle size, the gap of the primary screening device 4 is adjusted. During the soil transmission process, small soil blocks will leak to the ground from the gap, and large soil blocks cannot fall from this gap, so they will enter the soil crushing device 3 along the transmission device. In this embodiment, the working mode of the soil block transmission device 2 is similar to that of the lifting belt, but compared with the lifting belt, this embodiment realizes the primary screening by arranging the feeding rollers 201 at intervals to provide a gap between two adjacent feeding rollers 201.

[0041] The soil block transmission device 2 is placed obliquely, mainly for the purpose of fully screening out larger and harder soil blocks and reducing the load on the soil crushing device 3. The baffles 203 prevent the soil blocks from falling from the side during the soil transmission process.

[0042] Example 5

[0043] The soil crushing device 3 includes a housing 301 and an impeller 302. The impeller 302 is rotatably arranged inside the housing 301, and the soil mass transmission device 2 transports the soil mass into the housing 301. A re-screening device 8 is provided on the housing 301. The re-screening device 8 includes a sieve mesh, and the sieve holes of the sieve mesh are consistent with the maximum value of the size of the required soil mass. The size of the soil mass passing through the sieve holes is less than or equal to the target soil mass size.

[0044] Specifically, the soil crushing device 3 consists of a high-speed rotating impeller 302. After entering the soil crushing device 3, the larger soil mass is crushed to the required size by the high-speed rotation of the impeller 302, and then evenly spread on the field through the sieve mesh. A reduction motor 303 is connected to the housing 301 to drive the impeller 302 to rotate.

[0045] The working mode and principle of the present utility model:

[0046] Power is provided by a power device (tractor), the traction rod 7 pulls the vehicle body 5 forward, and the soil mass collection device 1 enters the soil layer and transports all the soil layers at a certain depth to the soil mass transmission device 2. The feeding rollers 201 on the soil mass transmission device 2 are laid at intervals, and the gap width is consistent with the minimum required soil mass size. During the soil transmission process, small soil masses will leak to the ground from the gaps between the feeding rollers 201, and large soil masses will enter the soil crushing device 3 along the soil mass transmission device 2. The soil crushing device 3 consists of a high-speed rotating impeller 302. After entering the soil crushing device 3, the larger soil mass is crushed to the required size by the high-speed rotation of the impeller 302, and then evenly spread on the field through the sieve mesh of the re-screening device 8.

[0047] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present utility model, rather than to limit it; although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A soil crushing machine for use in a field, characterized in that: It includes a soil block collecting device, a primary screening device, a soil block transmission device and a soil crushing device; The soil block collecting device is connected to the soil crushing device via the soil block transmission device; The soil block collecting device goes deep into the soil layer to take soil, the soil block transmission device transports the taken soil, and the primary screening device screens the soil blocks on the soil block transmission device so that large soil blocks enter the soil crushing device for crushing.

2. The soil crushing machine for the field according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a vehicle body and wheels, wherein the wheels are connected to the bottom of the vehicle body, and the soil block collecting device, soil block transmission device, soil crushing device and primary screening device are respectively installed on the vehicle body.

3. The soil crushing machine for the field according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a pull rod and a power device, wherein the power device is connected to the vehicle body through the pull rod to pull the vehicle body forward.

4. The soil crushing machine for the field according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil block collecting device comprises a soil extractor with a shovel-shaped structure.

5. The soil crushing machine for the field according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil block transmission device comprises a plurality of feed rollers arranged in parallel, and a driving device for driving the feed rollers to move and transport the soil blocks.

6. The soil crushing machine for the field according to claim 5, characterized in that: Baffles are provided on both sides of the feed rollers arranged in parallel.

7. The soil crushing machine for the field according to claim 5, characterized in that: The feeding rollers arranged in parallel are arranged at an angle, with the bottom being connected to the soil block collecting device and the top being connected to the soil crushing device.

8. The soil crushing machine for the field according to claim 5, characterized in that: The primary screening device comprises a gap arranged between two adjacent feed rollers.

9. The soil crushing machine for the field according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil crushing device comprises a shell and an impeller. The impeller is rotatably arranged in the shell, and the soil block transmission device transports the soil blocks into the shell.

10. The soil crushing machine for the field according to claim 9, characterized in that: The shell is provided with a re-screening device, which comprises a screen mesh, and the screen holes of the screen mesh are consistent with the size of the required soil blocks.

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