Printed circuit board assembly, filter, motor controller and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model provides a printed circuit board assembly, a filter, a motor controller and a vehicle, and the printed circuit board assembly is provided with at least one of the following wiring structures: along a first direction from outside to inside, filter elements in each filter unit are sequentially connected through connecting lines according to a signal flow rule; in the first direction, the external grounding area and the internal grounding area are separated from each other. Wherein the filter elements in each filter unit are sequentially connected through connecting wires according to a signal flow rule, and according to the signal flow rule, an external signal of the filter sequentially flows through each filter element from outside to inside, or an internal signal sequentially flows through each filter element from inside to outside; the mutual interference between the front and rear stages of each filter element in the filter unit and between the adjacent filter units can be avoided. The above partition design effectively cuts off an interference path between the external grounding area and the internal grounding area, and prevents the external grounding area and the internal grounding area from interfering with each other.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of printed circuit boards, in particular to a printed circuit board assembly, a filter, a motor controller and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] A filter is a device or circuit that processes signals. It is actually a frequency selection device that can allow specific frequency components in the signal to pass through while greatly attenuating other frequency components. By utilizing this frequency selection function of the filter, interference noise can be filtered out or spectrum analysis can be performed.

[0003] In the related art, the filter is fabricated on a printed circuit board (PCB) to obtain a finished printed circuit board assembly (PCBA). Among them, how to adopt a reasonable wiring design to obtain a good filtering effect is a problem that the industry needs to consider.

[0004] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the above background art section is only used to strengthen the understanding of the background of the present utility model. Therefore, it may include information that does not constitute the prior art known to those of ordinary skill in the art. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the purpose of the present utility model is to provide a printed circuit board assembly, a filter, a motor controller and a vehicle, which overcomes the technical problem of poor filtering effect of the filter in the related art.

[0006] An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a printed circuit board assembly for implementing a filter, which includes:

[0007] A printed circuit board, on one surface of which a grounding layer is formed, and the grounding layer is divided into an external grounding area and an internal grounding area along a first direction;

[0008] At least one filtering unit formed on the one surface;

[0009] The printed circuit board assembly has at least one of the following wiring structures:

[0010] Along the first direction, the filtering elements in each filtering unit are sequentially connected by connecting lines according to the signal flow rule;

[0011] Along the first direction, a partition design is adopted between the external grounding area and the internal grounding area.

[0012] Optionally, the distance between the external grounding area and the internal grounding area is greater than 2 mm.

[0013] Optionally, when an inductive reactance element and / or an impedance element is included in at least one of the filtering units, the inductive reactance element and / or the impedance element is located in a partition region between the external grounding region and the internal grounding region.

[0014] Optionally, the at least one filtering unit further includes at least one capacitor, and the at least one capacitor is formed on the external grounding region and / or the internal grounding region and is sequentially connected to the inductive reactance element and / or the impedance element according to the signal flow rule in the first direction.

[0015] Optionally, when a power negative signal terminal is formed on the external grounding region, the power negative signal terminal is coupled to the internal grounding region after passing through the corresponding filtering unit.

[0016] Optionally, housing connection positions are respectively formed on the external grounding region and the internal grounding region, and the housing connection positions are used to connect the grounding region where they are located to an external housing.

[0017] Optionally, the housing connection position is a screw connection position, a welding position, a copper bar or a metal crimping position.

[0018] Optionally, the printed circuit board assembly includes at least two of the filtering units arranged in sequence in a second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

[0019] An embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a filter, which includes the printed circuit board assembly for implementing a filter as described in any one of the above.

[0020] An embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a motor controller, which includes the above filter, and the filter is arranged at a low-voltage port of the motor controller.

[0021] An embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a vehicle, which includes the above motor controller.

[0022] The printed circuit board assembly, the filter, the motor controller and the vehicle according to the embodiments of the present disclosure have the following advantages:

[0023] The printed circuit board assembly has at least one of the following wiring structures: along the first direction from the outside to the inside, the filtering elements in each filtering unit are sequentially connected by connecting lines according to the signal flow rule; along the first direction, a partition design is adopted between the external grounding region and the internal grounding region. Among them, the filtering elements in each filtering unit are sequentially connected by connecting lines according to the signal flow rule. According to the signal flow rule, the external signal of the filter flows through each filtering element from the outside to the inside in sequence, or the internal signal flows through each filtering element from the inside to the outside in sequence. This can avoid mutual interference between the front and rear stages of the filtering elements in the filtering unit and between adjacent filtering units, thereby affecting the filtering effect of the filter.

[0024] The above partition design between the internal and external grounding areas effectively cuts off the interference path between the external grounding area and the internal grounding area, preventing mutual interference between the external grounding area and the internal grounding area through ground bypass or ground coupling, so as to ultimately improve the filtering effect of the filter. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Other features, objects, and advantages of the present utility model will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0026] Figure 1 Showing a top view of a printed circuit board assembly for implementing a filter provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0027] Figure 2 For Figure 1 The circuit principle topology diagram corresponding to the shown printed circuit board assembly;

[0028] Figure 3 For Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the signal flow direction of the shown printed circuit board assembly;

[0029] Figure 4 Showing Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of an external connector of the shown printed circuit board assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0030] Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the example embodiments can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be more complete and will fully convey the concept of the example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The features, structures, or characteristics described can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.

[0031] As used in this application and the claims, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, the words "a," "an," "one," and / or "the" are not intended to refer to the singular and may include the plural. In general, the terms "comprising" and "including" merely indicate the inclusion of the steps and elements expressly identified, and these steps and elements do not constitute an exclusive listing, and a method or apparatus may also include other steps or elements.

[0032] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by orientation words such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom", etc. is usually based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description. Without contrary statements, these orientation words do not indicate and imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation on the protection scope of the present application; the orientation words "inside, outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contour of each component itself.

[0033] In addition, it should be noted that the use of words such as "first", "second", etc. to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. Without additional statements, the above words have no special meanings. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation on the protection scope of the present application. In addition, although the terms used in the present application are selected from well-known and commonly used terms, some of the terms mentioned in the specification of the present application may be selected by the applicant according to his or her judgment, and their detailed meanings are described in the relevant parts of the description herein. In addition, it is required to understand the present application not only through the actual terms used, but also through the meaning implied by each term.

[0034] It should be understood that when a component is referred to as "on another component", "connected to another component", "coupled to another component" or "in contact with another component", it can be directly on, connected to or coupled to, or in contact with the other component, or there may be an intervening component. In contrast, when a component is referred to as "directly on another component", "directly connected to", "directly coupled to" or "directly in contact with" another component, there is no intervening component.

[0035] In addition, the drawings are only schematic diagrams of the present utility model and are not necessarily drawn to scale. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar parts, and thus their repeated description will be omitted.

[0036] Figure 1 Showing a schematic structural diagram of a printed circuit board assembly for implementing a filter provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, as Figure 1 shown, the printed circuit board assembly includes:

[0037] A printed circuit board 1, on one surface of which a ground layer 2 is formed, and which is divided along the first direction AA' into an external ground area S1 and an internal ground area S2 formed;

[0038] At least one filtering unit formed on the one surface, such as 31, 32, 33, 34 and 35.

[0039] The printed circuit board assembly adopts the following wiring structure:

[0040] Along the first direction AA', the filtering elements in each of the filtering units 31, 32, 33, 34, and 35 are sequentially connected according to the signal flow rule.

[0041] In this embodiment, the external grounding region corresponds to the region on one side of the filter for receiving external signals, and correspondingly, the internal grounding region is on the other side region relative to the external grounding region.

[0042] The signal flow rule refers to the front-back relationship of the filtering elements through which the signal flow sequentially passes in the corresponding filtering unit. According to this front-back relationship, the filtering elements are sequentially deployed along the first direction AA', such that the filtering elements in each filtering unit are sequentially connected along the first direction AA'. Then, during the filtering process, the signal flow is also sequentially transmitted along the first direction AA' and filtered.

[0043] Exemplarily, as Figure 2 shown corresponding to Figure 1 the topological diagram of the filtering circuit principle of the printed circuit board assembly shown, taking the first filtering unit 31 as an example, it includes:

[0044] According to the signal flow rule pointing from the outside of the filter to the inside of the filter, the signal flow is sequentially filtered by the first diode D1, the second capacitor C2, the first capacitor C1, the first common-mode inductor L1, and the seventh capacitor C7.

[0045] Combined with Figure 1 shown, according to this signal flow rule, the first filtering unit 31 includes the first diode D1, the second capacitor C2, the first capacitor C1, the first common-mode inductor L1, and the seventh capacitor C7 that are sequentially connected from the outside to the inside along the first direction AA', and are connected to each other by connection lines. Exemplarily, the connection line 11 between the first diode D1 and the second capacitor C2. Among them, each connection line 11 is as Figure 1 shown as a vertical line, which corresponds to the signal flow rule from the inside to the outside or from the inside to the outside of the filter.

[0046] Combined with Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, according to Figure 3 the signal flow direction indicated by the arrow J1 in Figure 3 the external signal is sequentially transmitted through the first diode D1, the second capacitor C2, the first capacitor C1, the first common-mode inductor L1, and the seventh capacitor C7 and is filtered by the above-mentioned filtering elements during the transmission process. According to

[0047] the signal flow direction indicated by the arrow J2 in Figure 3As shown, arrow J3 indicates the filtering direction of the first diode D1 and the second capacitor C2 in the first filtering unit 31 through the external grounding area S1. For example, the filtered signals passing through the first diode D1 and the second capacitor C2 are output through the external grounding area S1. Arrow J4 indicates that the signals filtered by the first capacitor C1, the first common-mode inductor L1, and the seventh capacitor C7 are output through the internal grounding area S2.

[0048] As Figure 1 shown, the types of filtering components in the other filtering units 32, 33, 34, and 35 may be different, but the connection wiring methods between them also follow the above Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown signal flow rules. For details, please refer to the introduction of the first filtering unit 31 and Figure 1 shown. It will not be elaborated here. In addition, for the filtering principles of each filtering component, reference can be made to its electrical principles, which will not be detailed here.

[0049] In one embodiment, as Figure 1 shown, the first filtering unit 31 and the second filtering unit 32 are respectively connected to the power supply positive signal terminal KL30 and the power supply negative signal terminal KL31. The power supply positive signal terminal KL30 and the power supply negative signal terminal KL31 are examples of external signal connection terminals. The first filtering unit 31 and the second filtering unit 32 share the first common-mode inductor L1. The first filtering unit 31 is used to filter the power supply positive signal, and the second filtering unit 32 is used to filter the power supply negative signal.

[0050] In one embodiment, the third filtering unit 33 is connected to the data signal terminal signal. The data signal terminal signal is an example of an external signal connection terminal and is used to receive external sensor signals or digital signals, etc. The third filtering unit 33 is used to filter the external sensor signals or digital signals. In addition, the third filtering unit 33 also filters the internal signals transmitted to the data signal terminal signal.

[0051] In one embodiment, the fourth filtering unit 34 and the fifth filtering unit 35 are respectively connected to the communication signal terminals CanH and CanL. The communication signal terminals CanH and CanL are both examples of external signal connection terminals and are used to receive external communication signals. The fourth filtering unit 34 and the fifth filtering unit 35 share the second common-mode inductor L2 and are used to filter the external communication signals and also filter the internal communication signals transmitted to the communication signal terminals CanH and CanL.

[0052] Based on the above wiring design, each filtering element in each filtering unit is connected in sequence according to the signal flow rule. Then, according to the signal flow rule, the external signal of the filter flows through each filtering element from the outside to the inside in sequence, or the internal signal flows through each filtering element from the inside to the outside in sequence. This can avoid mutual interference between the front and rear stages of each filtering element in the filtering unit and between adjacent filtering units, which may affect the filtering effect of the filter, and ultimately improve the filtering effect of the filter.

[0053] For another example Figure 1 As shown, the printed circuit assembly forms a plurality of filtering units 31, 32, 33, 34, and 35 arranged along the second direction BB' on the printed circuit board 1, which are respectively used for filtering different types of signals. The number of filtering units in this embodiment is only an example. In the corresponding embodiment, one or other numbers of filtering units can be formed according to actual needs.

[0054] As Figure 1 shown, the printed circuit board assembly of the present disclosure embodiment also adopts the following wiring structure:

[0055] There is a partition design between the external grounding area S1 and the internal grounding area S2.

[0056] Compared with the integral grounding layer used in the prior art, the partition design effectively cuts off the interference path between the external grounding area S1 and the internal grounding area S2, preventing mutual interference between the external grounding area S1 and the internal grounding area S2 through ground bypass or ground coupling, so as to ultimately improve the filtering effect of the filter.

[0057] In one embodiment, the above partition design is a break, thereby forming a partition area between the internal and external grounding areas. Among them, the external grounding area S1 and the internal grounding area S2 are both laid copper layers or other metal layers, which are not limited here.

[0058] In an application scenario, when used for a filter, the external grounding area S1 and the internal grounding area S2 are each electrically connected to the metal housing. In this way, when encountering electromagnetic susceptibility (EMS) immunity, the external signal interference is directly discharged to the metal housing through the external grounding area S1, improving the EMS immunity performance of the filter. And when encountering internal electromagnetic interference (EMI), the internal signal interference is directly discharged to the metal housing through the internal grounding area S2, without generating EMI interference outside the filter. In short, through the internal and external partition design of the above grounding layer 2, the ground coupling or ground bypass interference inside the filter can be effectively blocked.

[0059] In one embodiment, screw connection positions are respectively formed in the external grounding area S1 and the internal grounding area S2. For example, a first screw connection position 210 is formed in the external grounding area S1, and a second screw connection position 220 is formed in the internal grounding area S2. In this way, the first screw connection position 210 and the second screw connection position 220 are respectively electrically connected to the metal housing through screws, so that the internal / external grounding areas are respectively connected to the metal housing through screws.

[0060] In another embodiment, the above screw connection can be replaced by wire bonding, copper bus connection or metal crimping.

[0061] Therefore, in the corresponding embodiment, housing connection positions can be respectively formed in the external grounding area and the internal grounding area, and the housing connection positions are used to connect the grounding area where they are located to the external housing.

[0062] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the distance H between the external grounding area S1 and the internal grounding area S2 is greater than 2 mm, which can better cut off the interference path of the external grounding area bypass / ground coupling and obtain a better filtering effect.

[0063] In another embodiment, without reducing the feasibility of cutting off the interference path between the internal / external signal areas, other values can also be selected for the distance between the external grounding area S1 and the internal grounding area S2.

[0064] In one embodiment, when the filtering elements in at least one of the filtering units include inductive reactance elements and / or impedance elements, the inductive reactance elements and / or impedance elements are located in the partition area between the external grounding area S1 and the internal grounding area S2.

[0065] Exemplarily, as Figure 1 shown, the first common-mode inductor L1 in the first filtering unit 31 and the second filtering unit 32 is located in the partition area between the external grounding area S1 and the internal grounding area S2, and the second common-mode inductor L2 in the fourth filtering unit 34 and the fifth filtering unit 35 is also located in the partition area between the external grounding area S1 and the internal grounding area S2. The third filtering unit 33 includes a filtering element L3, which includes at least one of a resistor, a magnetic bead and an inductor, and the filtering element L3 is also located in the partition area between the external grounding area S1 and the internal grounding area S2.

[0066] In this embodiment, the inductive reactance element refers to an inductor and / or a magnetic bead. The magnetic bead is equivalent to a resistor and an inductor in series. The inductive reactance element has a large impedance to alternating current, so a better filtering effect can be obtained with small DC loss. The inductive reactance element is usually used in cooperation with a capacitor for filtering. Exemplarily, as Figure 1 and 2As shown, the first capacitor C1 is connected in parallel between the positive power supply signal terminal KL30 and the negative power supply signal terminal KL31, and the two inductance coils in the first common-mode inductor L1 are respectively connected in series with the positive power supply signal terminal KL30 and the negative power supply signal terminal KL31.

[0067] Among them, the impedance element refers to a pure resistor, and its function is to drop the residual ripple voltage across the resistor and then bypass it through the capacitor.

[0068] In this embodiment, by making the inductive reactance element and / or the impedance element located in the partition area between the external grounding area S1 and the internal grounding area S2, it is possible to avoid the high-frequency filtering signals filtered into the external grounding area S1 and the internal grounding area S2 from interfering with the inductive reactance element and / or the impedance element, so that the inductive reactance element and / or the impedance element can better exert their filtering effect, thereby improving the overall filtering effect of the filter.

[0069] Correspondingly, as in the first filtering unit 31, the first diode D1, the second capacitor C2, and the first capacitor C1 included therein are all deployed on the external grounding area S1, the seventh capacitor C7 is formed on the internal grounding area S2, and the corresponding ends of the first diode D1, the second capacitor C2, and the seventh capacitor C7 are grounded through the grounding terminal (as shown in Figure 2 ).

[0070] For the capacitors included in other filtering units, they are also correspondingly formed on the external grounding area and / or the internal grounding area, and are sequentially connected to the inductive reactance element and / or the impedance element along the first direction according to the signal flow rule.

[0071] In addition, the first diode D1 in the first filtering unit 31 is a transient voltage suppression (TVS) diode or an electrostatic discharge (ESD) diode. In another embodiment, the diode may not be deployed either.

[0072] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, as described above, the second filtering unit 32 is used to filter the negative power supply signal. As Figure 1 shown, according to the signal flow rule, the negative power supply signal terminal KL31 is coupled to the internal grounding area S2 through the second filtering unit 32, that is, the negative power supply signal removes the high-frequency signal after filtering and then is grounded, which can solve the electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) problem caused by the direct grounding output of the high-frequency signal to the external electronic device, and further improve the EMC filtering performance of the filter.

[0073] Exemplarily, the second filtering unit 32 is provided with a grounding terminal 32a in the internal grounding area S2, so that the filtered signal of the power supply negative signal received by the power supply negative signal terminal KL31 after passing through the second filtering unit 32 is removed through the grounding terminal 32a.

[0074] Referring to the two wiring structures of the above embodiments, the filtering effect of the filter can be improved. As an alternative embodiment, the printed circuit board assembly for implementing the filter may adopt at least one of the above wiring structures, which is not limited herein.

[0075] The embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a filter, which includes the above printed circuit board assembly, and may further include a housing for encapsulating the printed circuit board assembly. Exemplarily, as Figure 4 shown, a connector or a plug 4 is installed in the external grounding area of the printed circuit board assembly, which is used to connect to an external device.

[0076] The filter of the embodiment of the present disclosure can be used in a motor controller. The motor controller includes a filter adopting the printed circuit board assembly of any of the above embodiments, and the filter can be disposed at the low-voltage port of the motor controller.

[0077] Among them, in the motor controller, the low-voltage port is a physical entity in the motor controller. It connects the vehicle power supply and the CAN communication loop, is responsible for signal and energy transmission, and supplies power to the motor controller board. Exemplarily, Figure 1 as shown, the power supply positive signal terminal KL30 and the negative signal terminal KL31 are respectively connected to an external power supply, and after being filtered by the filter, they supply power to the motor controller.

[0078] Compared with the prior art, by using the filter of the above embodiment at the low-voltage port, it can improve the anti-electromagnetic interference ability while reducing the electromagnetic interference to other devices outside the product itself, and improve the working performance of the motor controller itself and other devices outside it. Moreover, referring to the above embodiments, the printed circuit board assemblies of different embodiments do not generate additional costs.

[0079] The above motor controller of the embodiment of the present disclosure can be used in a variety of application scenarios. For example, the embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a vehicle, which includes the above motor controller. Exemplarily, by using the above motor controller in a hybrid vehicle and a pure electric vehicle, a good anti-interference effect can be obtained, and the signal transmission stability and timeliness of the motor controller and its surrounding devices can be improved.

[0080] The above content is a further detailed description of the present utility model in combination with specific preferred embodiments. It cannot be determined that the specific implementation of the present utility model is only limited to these descriptions. For those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present utility model belongs, without departing from the concept of the present utility model, several simple deductions or substitutions can still be made, and all should be regarded as belonging to the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A printed circuit board assembly for implementing a filter, characterized in that: include: A printed circuit board having a grounding layer formed on one surface thereof, wherein the grounding layer is divided into an external grounding area and an internal grounding area along a first direction; at least one filter unit formed on the one surface; The printed circuit board assembly has at least one of the following wiring structures: Along the first direction, the filter elements in each of the filter units are connected in sequence through connecting lines according to a signal flow rule; Along the first direction, the outer grounding area and the inner grounding area are separated from each other.

2. The printed circuit board assembly for realizing a filter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spacing between the outer grounding area and the inner grounding area is greater than 2 mm.

3. The printed circuit board assembly for realizing a filter according to claim 1, characterized in that: When at least one of the filter units includes an inductive element and / or an impedance element, the inductive element and / or the impedance element is located in a separation area between the external grounding area and the internal grounding area.

4. The printed circuit board assembly for realizing a filter according to claim 3, characterized in that: The at least one filtering unit further comprises at least one capacitor, which is formed on the external grounding area and / or the internal grounding area and is sequentially connected to the inductive element and / or the impedance element according to the signal flow rule along the first direction.

5. The printed circuit board assembly for realizing a filter according to claim 1, characterized in that: When a power negative signal terminal is formed on the external grounding region, the power negative signal terminal is coupled to the internal grounding region after passing through a corresponding filtering unit.

6. The printed circuit board assembly for realizing a filter according to claim 1, characterized in that: Shell connection positions are respectively formed on the external grounding area and the internal grounding area, and the shell connection positions are used to connect the grounding area where the shell connection positions are located with the external shell.

7. The printed circuit board assembly for realizing a filter according to claim 6, characterized in that: The shell connection position is a screw connection position, a welding position, a copper busbar or a metal crimping position.

8. The printed circuit board assembly for realizing a filter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The printed circuit board assembly comprises at least two filter units arranged in sequence along a second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

9. A filter, characterized in that: A printed circuit board assembly for realizing a filter comprising any one of claims 1-8.

10. A motor controller, characterized in that: The filter according to claim 9 is provided at a low voltage port of the motor controller.

11. A vehicle, characterized in that: Includes the motor controller as claimed in claim 10.

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