Telescopic dovetail drill bit and drilling equipment

Abstract

The utility model provides a telescopic swallow tail drill bit and drilling equipment, which comprises an outer sleeve, an inner sleeve, an inner sleeve and a plurality of clamping pieces, wherein a side expansion blade and an elastic piece are arranged in the outer sleeve; the outer sleeve is provided with a blade telescopic regulation and control part, the blade telescopic regulation and control part comprises an inner sleeve, a screw rod and a universal joint which are connected, the screw rod is connected with the top end of the inner sleeve through the universal joint, and the screw rod can drive the inner sleeve to move in the axial direction of the outer sleeve; the inner sleeve is used for limiting and compressing the side-expanding blade, and the side-expanding blade is connected with the elastic piece; the outer sleeve is further provided with a blade telescopic groove. And when the inner sleeve is moved away from the side-unfolding cutting edge, the side-unfolding cutting edge is unfolded through the elastic piece and is unfolded out of the outer sleeve through the cutting edge telescopic groove. According to the utility model, the extension and retraction of the side-expanding blade are adjusted through the inner sleeve and the elastic piece. In the state that the side expanding blade does not stretch out, the device is placed in a drilled hole, the inner sleeve is moved upwards through the screw rod, the side expanding blade stretches out of the outer sleeve, then rotary punching is conducted, and then a conical hole is formed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of medical instruments, and particularly to a telescopic dovetail drill bit and a drilling device. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous increase of the exercise intensity and age of people, the damage of bones and cartilage has become an inevitable problem. Especially for the elderly, the nutrient supply of cartilage may decrease, the cell metabolism slows down, and the self-repair ability declines, making bones and cartilage more vulnerable to injury, which is particularly significant in the knee joint cartilage.

[0003] Since cartilage tissue and large-scale damaged bone tissue usually have poor self-regeneration and repair abilities, surgery is one of the treatment options. For example, using cartilage tissue from the patient or artificial cartilage substitutes, or using stem cells, growth factors or other biomaterials to repair or reconstruct damaged cartilage tissue. However, due to the smooth and brittle surface of cartilage, conventional suturing and pasting techniques are difficult to fix implants. Therefore, avoiding implant extrusion is an important goal in cartilage repair surgery. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a telescopic dovetail drill bit and a drilling device.

[0005] According to a telescopic dovetail drill bit provided by the utility model, it includes: an outer sleeve, and a side-expanding cutting edge and an elastic member are arranged inside the outer sleeve;

[0006] A cutting edge telescopic control component is arranged on the outer sleeve, and the cutting edge telescopic control component includes a driving member and a limiting member connected together. The driving member can drive the limiting member to move along the axial direction of the outer sleeve;

[0007] The limiting member is used for limiting and compressing the side-expanding cutting edge. The side-expanding cutting edge is connected with the elastic member, and a cutting edge telescopic groove is arranged on the outer sleeve;

[0008] When the limiting member moves away from the side-expanding cutting edge, the side-expanding cutting edge expands through the elastic member and expands to the outside of the outer sleeve through the cutting edge telescopic groove.

[0009] Preferably, the limiting member is an inner sleeve, and the side-expanding cutting edge and the elastic member are arranged inside the inner sleeve;

[0010] A sliding groove is arranged on the inner sleeve. The elastic member is connected with the outer sleeve through a fixed shaft. Both ends of the fixed shaft pass through the sliding groove and are connected with the outer sleeve. The elastic member is connected with the fixed shaft.

[0011] Preferably, the driving member is a screw rod, which is arranged at the top end of the outer sleeve, and the screw thread of the screw rod is in conformity with the screw thread of the outer sleeve;

[0012] One end of the screw rod is connected to the top end of the inner sleeve, and the screw rod and the inner sleeve can rotate relative to each other.

[0013] Preferably, the blade telescopic control component further includes a universal joint, and the screw rod and the inner sleeve are connected through the universal joint.

[0014] Preferably, a limiting groove is arranged inside the inner sleeve;

[0015] The side-expanded blade can slide in the limiting groove, and the limiting groove is used to limit the side-expanded blade.

[0016] Preferably, the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve are coaxially sleeved, and the gap between the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve is less than 1 mm.

[0017] Preferably, the cutting angle of the side-expanded blade is 45°-75°.

[0018] Preferably, the cutting angle is 60°.

[0019] Preferably, the elastic member is a U-shaped elastic structure, and both ends of the U-shaped elastic structure are respectively fixed with one side-expanded blade.

[0020] The present utility model further provides a drilling device, which includes the retractable dovetail drill bit described above.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. The retractable dovetail drill bit of the present utility model is used in a pre-drilled base hole. Before using the retractable dovetail drill bit of the present utility model, first use other drill bits such as a milling cutter or a straight drill to cut out a cylindrical hole to form a base hole. Rotate the screw rod to lower the inner sleeve, and the side-expanded blade is pressed back into the outer sleeve by the inner sleeve. Then directly insert the retractable dovetail drill bit into the base hole. Rotate the screw rod again to raise the inner sleeve. The side-expanded blade loses the suppression of the inner sleeve and unfolds through the elastic structure, extends from the blade telescopic groove to the outside of the outer sleeve, and is stuck on the hole wall of the blade telescopic groove. After installing the drilling machine behind the retractable dovetail drill bit, start the drilling machine. After cutting, first remove the drilling machine, then rotate the screw rod to lower the inner sleeve to retract and press back the side-expanded blade, and then take out the retractable dovetail drill bit.

[0023] 2. The present utility model provides an adjustable side cutting function, forming a conical structure with a large bottom and a small mouth; an implant with water re-swelling property and certain toughness can enter the conical hole to prevent the repair implant from falling off. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Other features, objects, and advantages of the present utility model will become more apparent by reading the following detailed description of non - restrictive embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0025] Figure 1 FIG. is a schematic structural diagram of the retractable dovetail drill bit of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 FIG. is a schematic structural diagram of each component when the side - spreading cutting edge is in a compressed state;

[0027] Figure 3 FIG. is a schematic structural diagram of each component when the side - spreading cutting edge is in an expanded state;

[0028] Figure 4 FIG. is a schematic structural diagram highlighting the limiting groove and the universal joint;

[0029] The figures show:

[0030] Outer sleeve 1, Side - spreading cutting edge 3

[0031] Cutting - edge retraction groove 101, Elastic member 4

[0032] Inner sleeve 2, Screw rod 5

[0033] Sliding groove 201, Fixed shaft 6

[0034] Limiting groove 202, Universal joint 7 DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0035] The present utility model will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The following embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present utility model, but do not limit the present utility model in any form. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present utility model, several changes and improvements can still be made. These all fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0036] Example 1:

[0037] Such as Figures 1 to 4As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a telescopic dovetail drill bit, which includes: an outer sleeve 1, a side-expanding cutting edge 3 and an elastic member 4 are arranged inside the outer sleeve 1; a cutting-edge telescopic control member is arranged on the outer sleeve 1, and the cutting-edge telescopic control member includes a driving member and a limiting member connected together. The driving member can drive the limiting member to move along the axial direction of the outer sleeve 1; the limiting member is used to limit and compress the side-expanding cutting edge 3, and the side-expanding cutting edge 3 is connected to the elastic member 4. A cutting-edge telescopic groove 101 is arranged on the outer sleeve 1; when the limiting member moves away from the side-expanding cutting edge 3, the side-expanding cutting edge 3 expands through the elastic member 4 and expands to the outside of the outer sleeve 1 through the cutting-edge telescopic groove 101. The elastic member 4 is a U-shaped elastic structure, and both ends of the U-shaped elastic structure are respectively fixed with a side-expanding cutting edge 3.

[0038] The limiting member is an inner sleeve 2, and the side-expanding cutting edge 3 and the elastic member 4 are arranged inside the inner sleeve 2; a limiting groove 202 is arranged inside the inner sleeve 2; the side-expanding cutting edge 3 can slide in the limiting groove 202, and the limiting groove 202 is used to limit the side-expanding cutting edge 3. The outer sleeve 1 and the inner sleeve 2 are coaxially sleeved, and the gap between the outer sleeve 1 and the inner sleeve 2 is less than 1 mm.

[0039] A sliding groove 201 is arranged on the inner sleeve 2. The elastic member 4 is connected to the outer sleeve 1 through a fixed shaft 6. Both ends of the fixed shaft 6 pass through the sliding groove 201 and are connected to the outer sleeve 1, and the elastic member 4 is connected to the fixed shaft 6. The driving member is a screw rod 5, and the screw rod 5 is arranged at the top end of the outer sleeve 1. The thread of the screw rod 5 is in conformity with the thread of the outer sleeve 1; one end of the screw rod 5 is connected to the top end of the inner sleeve 2 through a universal joint 7, and the screw rod 5 and the inner sleeve 2 can rotate relative to each other. The cutting-edge telescopic control member further includes a universal joint 7.

[0040] The cutting angle of the side-expanding cutting edge 3 is 45° to 75°. In this embodiment, the cutting angle is 60°.

[0041] This embodiment also provides a drilling device, which includes the above-mentioned telescopic dovetail drill bit.

[0042] The telescopic dovetail drill bit of this embodiment is composed of an outer sleeve serving as a drill bit support, an inner sleeve for adjusting the expansion and contraction of the side-expanding cutting edge, and an elastic member. The thread of the screw rod is in conformity with the thread of the outer sleeve, and the inner sleeve is connected through a universal joint. Rotating the screw rod can make the inner sleeve rise or fall inside the outer sleeve, but will not cause the sleeve to rotate.

[0043] The fixed shaft is made of stainless steel. The cutting planes of the two side cutting-edge telescopic grooves are perpendicular to the fixed shaft. At the same time, the plane where the sliding groove on the inner sleeve is located is also perpendicular to the fixed shaft.

[0044] The side-expanding cutting edge is a manganese steel cutting edge, the elastic member is a stainless steel sheet with a certain elasticity, and the fixed shaft passes through the sliding groove on the inner sleeve and is fixed to the connection port on the outer sleeve to prevent the inner sleeve from driving the rotation of the stainless steel sheet and the lower connecting cutting edge when moving up and down.

[0045] The outer sleeve has an outer diameter of 10 mm, an inner diameter of 9 mm, and a height of 60 mm. The inner sleeve has an outer diameter of 8.7 mm, an inner diameter of 6.7 mm, and a height of 50 mm.

[0046] A limiting groove is arranged on the inner wall of the lower end of the inner sleeve to play a guiding role. The groove is 0.5 mm in depth and is used to guide the blade to avoid dislocation of the blade.

[0047] The stainless steel sheet is connected to the blade by a rivet structure, and the cutting angle of the manganese steel blade is 60°.

[0048] The retractable dovetail drill bit of the present embodiment is used in a drilled base hole. Before using the retractable dovetail drill bit of the present invention, a cylindrical hole is first cut out with a milling cutter or other drill bits such as a straight drill to form a base hole. The screw is rotated to lower the inner sleeve, and the side-spreading blade is pressed back into the outer sleeve by the inner sleeve. The retractable dovetail drill bit is directly inserted into the base hole. The screw is rotated again to raise the inner sleeve. The side-spreading blade loses the pressure of the inner sleeve and is unfolded through the elastic structure, extending from the blade expansion groove to the outside of the outer sleeve, and is stuck on the hole wall of the blade expansion groove. The drill is installed from the back of the retractable dovetail drill bit and then the drill is started. After the cutting is completed, the drill bit is first removed, and then the screw is rotated to lower the inner sleeve to retract and press the side-spreading blade back, and the retractable dovetail drill bit is taken out. The side-spread blade of the retractable dovetail drill bit has a thickness of 2 to 4 mm. Further, the blade thickness can be set to 2 mm.

[0049] Example 2:

[0050] Those skilled in the art may understand this embodiment as a more specific description of Embodiment 1.

[0051] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, this embodiment provides a retractable dovetail drill bit, including: an outer sleeve 1, an inner sleeve 2, a side-spreading blade 3, an elastic member 4, a screw 5, a fixed shaft 6 and a universal joint 7.

[0052] The outer sleeve 1 and the inner sleeve 2 are coaxially arranged, and the inner sleeve 2 is arranged inside the outer sleeve 1. The gap between the outer sleeve 1 and the inner sleeve 2 is less than 1mm. The screw 5 is arranged at the top of the outer sleeve 1, and the screw 5 is threadedly connected to the outer sleeve 1. One end of the screw 5 passes through the outer sleeve 1 and is connected to the top of the inner sleeve 2 through the universal joint 7. The screw 5 is rotated on the outer sleeve 1 to drive the inner sleeve 2 to rise and fall in the outer sleeve 1 along the axial direction of the outer sleeve 1. Because of the existence of the universal joint 7, the inner sleeve 2 will not rotate with the screw 5.

[0053] The side-expanding cutting edge 3 and the elastic member 4 are arranged inside the inner sleeve 2. There are two opposite sliding grooves 201 provided on the circumferential side wall of the inner sleeve 2. Both ends of the fixed shaft 6 pass through the two sliding grooves 201 respectively and are fixedly connected to the outer sleeve 1. One end of the elastic member 4 is fixedly arranged on the fixed shaft 6, and the side-expanding cutting edge 3 is arranged at the other end of the elastic member 4. The elastic member 4 is a U-shaped elastic structure, and a side-expanding cutting edge 3 is fixed at each of the two ends of the U-shaped elastic structure. The side-expanding cutting edge 3 and the U-shaped elastic structure are connected by rivets.

[0054] The side-expanding cutting edge 3 is located at the bottom end of the outer sleeve 1. There are two opposite cutting-edge expansion grooves 101 provided on the circumferential side wall at the bottom end of the outer sleeve 1. When the side-expanding cutting edge 3 is located inside the inner sleeve 2, it is in a compressed state. When the inner sleeve 2 rises and moves away from the side-expanding cutting edge 3 through the screw 5, the side-expanding cutting edge 3 expands through the elastic member 4 and expands out of the outer sleeve 1 through the cutting-edge expansion grooves 101.

[0055] A limiting groove 202 is arranged inside the inner sleeve 2. The side-expanding cutting edge 3 can slide inside the limiting groove 202, and the limiting groove 202 is used to limit the side-expanding cutting edge 3. When the inner sleeve 2 rises and moves away from the side-expanding cutting edge 3 or when the inner sleeve 2 descends to limit and compress the side-expanding cutting edge 3, the limiting groove 202 can play a good limiting role to prevent the side-expanding cutting edge 3 from shifting.

[0056] The cutting angle of the side-expanding cutting edge 3 is 45° to 75°. In this embodiment, the cutting angle is 60°.

[0057] Example 3:

[0058] Those skilled in the art can understand this embodiment as a more specific illustration of Embodiment 1.

[0059] This embodiment is for the implantation surgery of the cartilage scaffold of the lateral condyle of the femur of the porcine knee joint.

[0060] The preoperative preparations are normal.

[0061] Surgical operation: First, use a milling cutter with a diameter of 10 mm to drill a hole at the trochlear part until reaching the subchondral bone part. Then replace the cutter head and use a retractable dovetail drill bit. Insert it into the base hole in the retracted state. Rotate the screw to make the inner sleeve rise. The side-expanding cutting edge automatically expands outwards due to the elastic member, and the side-expanding cutting edge abuts against the wall of the base hole. Keep the position of the dovetail drill bit fixed, fix it with a drilling jig and then start. As the drilling progresses, the cutting edge gradually expands until it is complete, forming a conical hole. Flush the drilled hole with normal saline, flush out the drilled debris, and then implant the cartilage scaffold.

[0062] The utility model adjusts the extension and retraction of the side expansion cutting edge through the inner sleeve and the elastic member. When the side expansion cutting edge does not extend, it is placed into the already drilled hole. The inner sleeve is moved through the cutting edge expansion and contraction control component, so that the side expansion cutting edge extends out of the outer sleeve, and then rotary drilling is carried out to form a tapered hole.

[0063] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.

[0064] The specific embodiments of the present utility model have been described above. It should be understood that the present utility model is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which does not affect the essence of the present utility model. Without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other arbitrarily.

Claims

1. A retractable dovetail drill bit, characterized in that: include: An outer sleeve (1), wherein a side-spreading blade (3) and an elastic member (4) are arranged inside the outer sleeve (1); The outer sleeve (1) is provided with a blade telescopic adjustment component, the blade telescopic adjustment component comprises a driving component and a limiting component which are connected and arranged, and the driving component can drive the limiting component to move along the axial direction of the outer sleeve (1); The limiting member is used to limit and compress the side-spreading blade (3); the side-spreading blade (3) is connected to the elastic member (4); and a blade expansion and contraction groove (101) is provided on the outer sleeve (1); When the limiting member is removed from the side-spreading blade (3), the side-spreading blade (3) is spread out through the elastic member (4) and spread out to the outside of the outer sleeve (1) through the blade expansion and contraction groove (101).

2. The retractable dovetail drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting member is an inner sleeve (2), and the side-spreading blade (3) and the elastic member (4) are arranged in the inner sleeve (2); The inner sleeve (2) is provided with a sliding groove (201), the elastic member (4) is connected to the outer sleeve (1) via a fixed shaft (6), both ends of the fixed shaft (6) pass through the sliding groove (201) and are connected to the outer sleeve (1), and the elastic member (4) is connected to the fixed shaft (6).

3. The retractable dovetail drill bit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving member is a screw (5), and the screw (5) is arranged at the top end of the outer sleeve (1), and the thread of the screw (5) is consistent with the thread of the outer sleeve (1); One end of the screw rod (5) is connected to the top end of the inner sleeve (2), and the screw rod (5) and the inner sleeve (2) are capable of relative rotation.

4. The retractable dovetail drill bit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The blade telescopic regulating component also includes a universal joint (7), and the screw rod (5) and the inner sleeve (2) are connected via the universal joint (7).

5. The retractable dovetail drill bit according to claim 2, characterized in that: A limiting groove (202) is provided in the inner sleeve (2); The side-spreading blade (3) is capable of sliding in the limiting groove (202), and the limiting groove (202) is used to limit the side-spreading blade (3).

6. The retractable dovetail drill bit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer sleeve (1) and the inner sleeve (2) are coaxially arranged and sleeved with each other, and the gap between the outer sleeve (1) and the inner sleeve (2) is less than 1 mm.

7. The retractable dovetail drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting angle of the side-spread blade (3) is 45° to 75°.

8. The retractable dovetail drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic member (4) is a U-shaped elastic structure, and one of the side-spreading blades (3) is respectively fixed at two ends of the U-shaped elastic structure.

9. A drilling device, characterized in that: A retractable dovetail drill bit comprising any one of claims 1 to 8.

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