Carbon dioxide and hydrogen separation device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a carbon dioxide and hydrogen separating device which comprises a separating tank, a separating device and a filtering device, the separation tank is formed by splicing an upper shell and a lower shell which are coaxially arranged; a hydrogen outlet is formed in the top of the upper shell; a mixture inlet is formed in the bottom of the side wall of the lower shell; a carbon dioxide outlet is formed in the bottom of the lower shell; the side wall of the lower shell is of an interlayer structure, a cavity of the interlayer structure serves as a freezing cavity, a freezing liquid inlet is formed in the bottom of the freezing cavity, and a freezing liquid outlet is formed in the top. The separation device is arranged in the separation tank and is positioned at the splicing part of the upper shell and the lower shell; the filtering device is positioned at the top of the upper shell; a top outlet of the filtering device is butted with the hydrogen outlet. The carbon dioxide and hydrogen separation device disclosed by the utility model can effectively separate a mixture of carbon dioxide (liquid, solid or solid-liquid mixture) and hydrogen, is high in efficiency and thorough in separation, and can obtain high-purity carbon dioxide and hydrogen; the device is simple in structure, easy to assemble and convenient to maintain.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a carbon dioxide and hydrogen separation device, belonging to the technical field of carbon dioxide and hydrogen separation. Background Technique

[0002] Dry ice, namely solid carbon dioxide, is widely used in various fields, such as refrigeration, preservation, disinfection, cleaning, medical treatment, etc.

[0003] Hydrogen also has a very wide range of uses. For example, as an energy source, hydrogen has attracted more and more attention. Hydrogen itself is non-toxic, and the heat released by complete combustion is about more than twice that of methane of the same mass (the complete combustion of liquid hydrogen is about 3 times that of gasoline of the same mass), and the combustion product is water, which does not pollute the air. It is an ideal clean and high-energy fuel. At present, as a high-energy fuel, liquid hydrogen has been applied in fields such as aerospace. As a chemical power source, hydrogen-oxygen fuel cells have been applied, such as being used as the driving energy of automobiles. For another example, hydrogen also plays an important role in chemical production and metallurgical industries. Hydrogen can also be used in the food industry for the hardening of animal and vegetable oils, the production of margarine and brittle cream, etc.

[0004] The patent with the application number 202410056123.0 discloses a high-pressure internal differential hydrogen production and dry ice production system and method, which simultaneously produces hydrogen and carbon dioxide by using methanol. In order to improve the separation efficiency, the present application provides a carbon dioxide and hydrogen separation device. Utility Model Content

[0005] The utility model provides a carbon dioxide and hydrogen separation device, which can be used for high-pressure internal differential hydrogen production and dry ice production to realize the efficient separation of carbon dioxide and hydrogen.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solutions adopted by the utility model are as follows:

[0007] A carbon dioxide and hydrogen separation device includes: a separation tank, a separation device and a filtering device;

[0008] The separation tank is formed by splicing an upper shell and a lower shell arranged coaxially; a hydrogen outlet is provided at the top of the upper shell; a mixture inlet is provided at the bottom of the side wall of the lower shell, and a carbon dioxide outlet is provided at the bottom of the lower shell; the side wall of the lower shell is a sandwich structure, and the cavity of the sandwich structure serves as a freezing chamber. A freezing liquid inlet is provided at the bottom of the freezing chamber, and a freezing liquid outlet is provided at the top.

[0009] The separation device includes: a discharge body, a first mounting seat, a first conductor, a second conductor, and an adsorption layer; the first mounting seat is made of an insulating material; the discharge body is installed in the separation tank through the first mounting seat and is located at the joint of the upper shell and the lower shell. The discharge body is columnar in structure, and the outer periphery of the discharge body is in a shape of sharp-tooth waves, which is conducive to discharging and beneficial to the separation of materials; through holes are provided around the first mounting seat, and the materials in the lower shell can pass through the through holes and enter the upper shell; the inner wall of the separation tank is made of an insulating material, and the adsorption layer is attached to the inner wall of the separation tank; the discharge body serves as the negative electrode and is connected to the negative electrode of the power supply through the first conductor, and the adsorption layer serves as the positive electrode and is connected to the positive electrode of the power supply through the second conductor;

[0010] The filtering device is located at the top of the upper shell, and the top outlet of the filtering device is docked with the hydrogen outlet.

[0011] During use, the coolant not higher than -40 °C enters from the coolant inlet and flows out from the coolant outlet, and the mixed material of carbon dioxide (liquid, solid or solid-liquid mixture) and hydrogen enters from the mixed material inlet. After low-temperature freezing, the carbon dioxide forms powder. After being separated by the separation device, the carbon dioxide falls downward and flows out from the carbon dioxide outlet; after passing through the filtering device, the hydrogen flows out from the hydrogen outlet.

[0012] The above-mentioned separation tank is formed by splicing an upper shell and a lower shell arranged coaxially, which is convenient for the installation, maintenance and replacement of internal components of the device, and also convenient for the preparation of the separation tank. The setting of the filtering device avoids or reduces the outflow of carbon dioxide from the hydrogen outlet. The separation device accelerates the downward fall of carbon dioxide.

[0013] The above-mentioned device can be used in a high-pressure internal differential hydrogen production and dry ice system and method (application number CN202410056123.0). The mixture of hydrogen and carbon dioxide in the high-pressure condenser enters the carbon dioxide and hydrogen separation device from the mixed material inlet. After low-temperature freezing, the carbon dioxide forms powder. After being separated by the separation device, the carbon dioxide falls downward and flows out from the carbon dioxide outlet and enters the dry ice storage tank; after passing through the filtering device, the hydrogen flows out from the hydrogen outlet and enters the pure hydrogen storage tank.

[0014] The inner wall of the above-mentioned separation tank and the discharge body are respectively connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the power supply through conductors. The separation device is connected to high-voltage electricity, and the discharge body discharges. When the material passes through the high-voltage electric field, solid carbon dioxide is ionized, combines with the electrons generated by the discharge of the discharge body, and carries a negative charge, tends to the adsorption layer, and slides down along the inner wall of the separation tank to the carbon dioxide outlet at the bottom of the lower shell; the hydrogen rises to achieve efficient separation.

[0015] In order to further ensure the separation efficiency, the apex angle of the sharp teeth on the discharge body is 60-70°, and the included angle between two adjacent sharp teeth is 75-85°.

[0016] To improve the stability and safety of the device and facilitate assembly, the separation device further includes: a mounting cylinder, a second mounting seat, and a retaining cover;

[0017] There is a mounting hole on the side wall of the lower housing, and the mounting cylinder is connected to the mounting hole;

[0018] The second mounting seat is a columnar structure. There is a wire passing hole in the center of the first mounting seat and the second mounting seat. The second mounting seat is installed inside the mounting cylinder, and an O-ring is used for sealing between the mounting cylinder and the second mounting seat;

[0019] The retaining cover covers the end of the mounting cylinder and is connected to the second mounting seat by bolts;

[0020] After the first conductor passes through the retaining cover, the wire passing hole on the second mounting seat, and the wire passing hole on the first mounting seat in sequence, it is connected to the discharge body; an O-ring is used for sealing between the first conductor and the second mounting seat.

[0021] The above-mentioned mounting cylinder, second mounting seat, and retaining cover are all made of insulating materials; there are more than two circles of parallel convex ribs on the periphery of the first mounting seat, second mounting seat, and retaining cover to prevent the insulator from conducting electricity.

[0022] To facilitate assembly and ensure stability at the same time, the end of the second mounting seat extends into the lower housing, the convex ribs on the second mounting seat are arranged inside the lower housing, and the closest convex rib on the second mounting seat to the inner wall of the lower housing is seamlessly attached to the inner wall of the lower housing.

[0023] To further improve the separation efficiency, the axis of the mixture inlet does not intersect with the axis of the separation tank. In this way, after the material enters the separation tank, a cyclone is formed, which accelerates the separation of carbon dioxide and hydrogen.

[0024] As one specific preferred solution, the inner wall of the mixture inlet is tangent to the inner wall of the separation tank. The high-pressure mixed material enters along the tangent of the separation tank to form a cyclone. Due to the different weights of powdered carbon dioxide and hydrogen, carbon dioxide sinks and hydrogen flows upward, realizing the gravitational separation of carbon dioxide and hydrogen.

[0025] The above-mentioned filtering device is a 304 stainless steel filter element, made of a single material, for filtering carbon dioxide powder. The filtration accuracy of the filtering device is 0.2μm.

[0026] The aspect ratio of the above-mentioned separation tank is (16 - 17) / 1.

[0027] To facilitate the control of conditions, a temperature detector and a pressure detector are provided on the lower housing.

[0028] To improve the stability of the device, the upper housing and the lower housing are connected together by a connecting flange, and a seal is provided between the upper housing and the lower housing.

[0029] For the convenience of installation, an installation seat is provided on the periphery of the upper housing.

[0030] In this application, under the conditions of high pressure, low temperature, and high voltage, the separation of carbon dioxide and hydrogen is achieved.

[0031] For the technologies not mentioned in this utility model, reference shall be made to the prior art.

[0032] The carbon dioxide and hydrogen separation device of this utility model can effectively separate the mixture of carbon dioxide (liquid, solid, or solid-liquid mixture) and hydrogen, with high efficiency, thorough separation, and obtain high-purity carbon dioxide and hydrogen; the device has a simple structure, is easy to assemble, and is convenient for maintenance. Description of the Drawings

[0033] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the carbon dioxide and hydrogen separation device of this utility model;

[0034] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the separation device of this utility model;

[0035] Figure 3 It is Figure 2 The enlarged view in the A-A direction in

[0036] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the setting of the mixed material inlet on the side of the lower housing;

[0037] In the figure, 1 is the separation tank, 11 is the upper housing, 12 is the lower housing, 13 is the installation seat, 14 is the freezing chamber, 15 is the freezing liquid inlet, 16 is the freezing liquid outlet, 17 is the hydrogen outlet, 18 is the carbon dioxide outlet, 19 is the mixed material inlet, 2 is the filtering device, 3 is the separation device, 31 is the discharge body, 32 is the first installation seat, 33 is the conductor, 34 is the adsorption layer, 35 is the installation cylinder, 36 is the second installation seat, 37 is the retaining cover, 38 is the O-ring, and 39 is the external hexagon bolt. Detailed Embodiments

[0038] To better understand this utility model, the following further clarifies the content of this utility model in conjunction with embodiments, but the content of this utility model is not limited to the following embodiments only.

[0039] The orientation words such as "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. in this application are based on the Figure 1 orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings or during use, and are only for the convenience of describing this application, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be construed as a limitation to this application.

[0040] Embodiment 1

[0041] As Figure 1 shown, a carbon dioxide and hydrogen separation device includes: a separation tank, a separation device, and a filtration device;

[0042] The separation tank is formed by splicing an upper shell and a lower shell arranged coaxially. The upper shell and the lower shell have the same structure and size, and the aspect ratio of the separation tank is 16.5 / 1. A hydrogen outlet is provided at the top of the upper shell; a mixture inlet is provided at the bottom of the side wall of the lower shell, and a carbon dioxide outlet is provided at the bottom of the lower shell; the side wall of the lower shell is a sandwich structure, and the cavity of the sandwich structure serves as a freezing chamber. A freezing liquid inlet is provided at the bottom of the freezing chamber, and a freezing liquid outlet is provided at the top;

[0043] As Figure 2 shown, the separation device includes: a discharge body, a first mounting seat, a first conductor, a second conductor, and an adsorption layer; the first mounting seat is made of an insulating material; the discharge body is installed in the separation tank through the first mounting seat and is located at the splicing position of the upper shell and the lower shell. The discharge body is a columnar structure and is coaxially arranged with the separation tank. The diameter of the discharge body is half of the inner diameter of the separation tank. The outer periphery of the discharge body is a sharp-tooth wave shape, which is conducive to discharging and is beneficial to the separation of materials; through holes are provided around the first mounting seat, and the materials in the lower shell can pass through the through holes into the upper shell; the inner wall of the separation tank is made of an insulating material, and the adsorption layer is attached to the inner wall of the separation tank; the discharge body serves as the negative electrode and is connected to the negative electrode of the power supply through the first conductor, and the adsorption layer serves as the positive electrode and is connected to the positive electrode of the power supply through the second conductor. Insulating materials and sealing rings are arranged circumferentially at the junctions of the first conductor and the second conductor with the lower shell to ensure safety and sealing;

[0044] The filtration device is located at the top of the upper shell, and the top outlet of the filtration device is docked with the hydrogen outlet.

[0045] During use, the freezing liquid not higher than -40°C enters from the freezing liquid inlet and flows out from the freezing liquid outlet. The mixed material of carbon dioxide (liquid, solid or solid-liquid mixture) and hydrogen enters from the mixture inlet, is cryogenically frozen, and carbon dioxide forms powder. After being separated by the separation device, carbon dioxide falls downward and flows out from the carbon dioxide outlet; hydrogen flows out from the hydrogen outlet after passing through the filtration device.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] On the basis of Example 1, the following further improvements are made: As Figure 3 shown, in order to further ensure the separation efficiency, the sharp teeth are evenly distributed circumferentially, the apex angle of the sharp teeth on the discharge body is 64°, and the angle between adjacent sharp teeth is 79°.

[0048] Example 3

[0049] On the basis of Example 2, the following further improvements are made: As Figure 2As shown in the figure, in order to improve the stability and safety of the device and facilitate assembly, the separation device further includes: a mounting cylinder, a second mounting seat, and a retaining cover;

[0050] The side wall of the lower housing is provided with a mounting hole, and the mounting cylinder is docked on the mounting hole; the second mounting seat is a columnar structure, and a wire passing hole is provided in the center of the first mounting seat and the second mounting seat. The second mounting seat is installed inside the mounting cylinder, and an O-ring is used for sealing between the mounting cylinder and the second mounting seat; the retaining cover covers the end of the mounting cylinder and is connected to the second mounting seat by bolts; after the first conductor passes through the wire passing holes on the retaining cover, the second mounting seat, and the first mounting seat in sequence, it is connected to the discharge body; an O-ring is used for sealing between the first conductor and the second mounting seat.

[0051] The mounting cylinder, the second mounting seat, and the retaining cover are all made of insulating materials; two or more circles of parallel convex ribs are provided on the peripheries of the first mounting seat, the second mounting seat, and the retaining cover to prevent the insulator from conducting electricity.

[0052] Example 4

[0053] On the basis of Example 3, the following further improvements are made: As Figure 2 shown in the figure, in order to facilitate assembly, the end of the second mounting seat extends into the lower housing, the convex ribs on the second mounting seat are provided inside the lower housing, and the closest convex rib on the second mounting seat to the inner wall of the lower housing is seamlessly attached to the inner wall of the lower housing.

[0054] Example 5

[0055] On the basis of Example 4, the following further improvements are made: As Figure 4 shown in the figure, in order to further improve the separation efficiency, the axis of the mixture inlet does not intersect with the axis of the separation tank. In this way, after the material enters the separation tank, a cyclone is formed, which accelerates the separation of carbon dioxide and hydrogen. As a specific solution, the inner wall of the mixture inlet is tangent to the inner wall of the separation tank. The high-pressure mixed material enters along the tangent of the separation tank to form a cyclone. Due to the different weights of powder dioxide and hydrogen, carbon dioxide sinks and hydrogen flows upward, realizing the gravity separation of carbon dioxide and hydrogen.

[0056] Example 6

[0057] On the basis of Example 5, the following further improvements are made: The filtering device is a 304 stainless steel filter element with a filtration accuracy of 0.2 μm. A temperature detector and a pressure detector are provided on the lower housing for detecting the temperature and pressure inside the separation tank. As Figure 1 shown in the figure, in order to improve the stability of the device, the upper housing and the lower housing are connected together by a connecting flange, and a seal is provided between the upper housing and the lower housing. In order to facilitate installation, a mounting seat is provided on the periphery of the upper housing.

[0058] The above device is used in the patent "A High-Pressure Internal Difference Hydrogen Production and Dry Ice Production System and Method" (Application No. CN202410056123.0). Replace the gas-liquid separator in Application Example 1 of this patent with the carbon dioxide and hydrogen separation device in this example. The mixture of hydrogen and carbon dioxide in the high-pressure condenser enters the carbon dioxide and hydrogen separation device from the mixed material inlet. The pressure in the separation tank is 7.0 - 8 MPa and it is frozen by the coolant at -40°C. Carbon dioxide forms powder. Part of the carbon dioxide has fallen downward before reaching the separation device and flows out from the carbon dioxide outlet into the dry ice storage tank. For the remaining mixture of carbon dioxide and hydrogen, after being separated by a 100,000-volt high voltage in the separation device, the carbon dioxide falls downward and flows out from the carbon dioxide outlet into the dry ice storage tank; after passing through the filtering device, hydrogen flows out from the hydrogen outlet into the pure hydrogen storage tank. The purities of the obtained hydrogen and carbon dioxide are both greater than 99.9999%.

Claims

1. A carbon dioxide and hydrogen separation device, characterized in that: include: A separation tank (1), a separation device (3) and a filtering device (2); The separation tank (1) is formed by splicing an upper shell (11) and a lower shell (12) which are coaxially arranged; a hydrogen outlet (17) is provided at the top of the upper shell (11); a mixed material inlet (19) is provided at the bottom of the side wall of the lower shell (12); and a carbon dioxide outlet (18) is provided at the bottom of the lower shell (12); the side wall of the lower shell (12) is a sandwich structure, and the cavity of the sandwich structure serves as a freezing chamber (14); a freezing liquid inlet (15) is provided at the bottom of the freezing chamber (14), and a freezing liquid outlet (16) is provided at the top; The separation device (3) comprises: a discharge body (31), a first mounting seat (32), a first conductor (33), a second conductor (33) and an adsorption layer (34); the first mounting seat (32) is made of an insulating material; the discharge body (31) is installed in the separation tank (1) through the first mounting seat (32) and is located at the joint of the upper shell (11) and the lower shell (12); the discharge body (31) is a columnar structure, and the outer periphery of the discharge body (31) is a sharp tooth wave shape; through holes are provided around the first mounting seat (32), and the material in the lower shell (12) can pass through the through holes into the upper shell (11); the inner wall of the separation tank (1) is made of an insulating material, and the adsorption layer (34) is attached to the inner wall of the separation tank (1); the discharge body (31) is used as a negative electrode and is connected to the negative electrode of the power supply through the first conductor (33); the adsorption layer (34) is used as a positive electrode and is connected to the positive electrode of the power supply through the second conductor (33); The filter device (2) is located at the top of the upper shell (11), and the top outlet of the filter device (2) is connected to the hydrogen outlet (17).

2. The carbon dioxide and hydrogen separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top angle of the sharp teeth on the discharge body (31) is 60-70 degrees, and the angle between two adjacent sharp teeth is 75-85 degrees.

3. The carbon dioxide and hydrogen separation device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The separation device (3) further comprises: a mounting cylinder (35), a second mounting seat (36) and a blocking cover (37); A mounting hole is provided on the side wall of the lower shell (12), and the mounting tube (35) is connected to the mounting hole; The second mounting seat (36) is a columnar structure. The first mounting seat (32) and the second mounting seat (36) are centrally provided with threading holes. The second mounting seat (36) is mounted inside the mounting tube (35). The mounting tube (35) and the second mounting seat (36) are sealed with an O-ring (38). The blocking cover (37) covers the end of the mounting tube (35) and is connected to the second mounting seat (36) via bolts; The first conductor (33) passes through the blocking cover (37), the threading hole on the second mounting seat (36) and the threading hole on the first mounting seat (32) in sequence, and is connected to the discharge body (31); the first conductor (33) and the second mounting seat (36) are sealed with an O-ring (38).

4. The carbon dioxide and hydrogen separation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mounting tube (35), the second mounting seat (36) and the blocking cover (37) are all made of insulating material; the first mounting seat (32), the second mounting seat (36) and the blocking cover (37) are all provided with more than two circles of parallel ridges on their peripheries.

5. The carbon dioxide and hydrogen separation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The end of the second mounting seat (36) extends into the lower shell (12), the ridge on the second mounting seat (36) is arranged on the inner side of the lower shell (12), and the ridge on the second mounting seat (36) closest to the inner wall of the lower shell (12) is seamlessly fitted with the inner wall of the lower shell (12).

6. The carbon dioxide and hydrogen separation device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The axis of the mixture inlet does not intersect with the axis of the separation tank (1).

7. The carbon dioxide and hydrogen separation device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inner wall of the mixture inlet is tangent to the inner wall of the separation tank (1).

8. The carbon dioxide and hydrogen separation device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The filter device (2) is a 304 stainless steel filter element.

9. The carbon dioxide and hydrogen separation device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The length-to-diameter ratio of the separation tank (1) is (16-17) / 1.

10. The carbon dioxide and hydrogen separation device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The lower shell (12) is provided with a temperature detector and a pressure detector; the upper shell (11) and the lower shell (12) are connected together via a connecting flange, and a seal is provided between the upper shell (11) and the lower shell (12); and a mounting seat (13) is provided on the periphery of the upper shell (11).

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