Low-carbon-dioxide gas making furnace

Abstract

The utility model relates to a low-carbon-dioxide gas making furnace. A molten iron pool, a slag pool, a carbon powder pool and a hearth are sequentially arranged in the gas making furnace body from bottom to top; an iron inlet and an iron outlet are formed in the furnace body corresponding to the bottom of the molten iron tank; a slag outlet is formed in the furnace body corresponding to the slag pool; an organic raw material feeding device is arranged on the furnace body; at least one oxygen lance is inserted into the slag pool; a synthesis gas outlet is formed in the top of the hearth. According to the utility model, the carbon powder pool is arranged, so that O2 is prevented from penetrating through the slag pool and directly reacting with CO in the finished product gas to generate CO2. And meanwhile, the generated CO2 is partially converted into CO, so that the proportion of the CO2 in the product gas is accurately controlled.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] It belongs to the field of producing energy gas or chemical raw material gas. Background Art

[0002] Biomass methanol is an excellent green energy source suitable for shipping and heavy truck transportation. Currently, it is still in the stage of technology development and commercial trial use, with broad prospects.

[0003] The production process of biomass methanol first involves the biomass gasification process. There are weaknesses in various existing industrialized biomass gasification technologies: the weakness of the fixed-bed process is that the synthesis gas contains a large amount of methane, tar, etc., and the removal cost is relatively high; although the circulating fluidized bed process is better, it still has this weakness to a certain extent; the entrained flow bed process requires the biomass raw material to be processed into fine powder, and the implementation cost is relatively high; relatively more advantageous is the iron bath gasifier, but there is still a problem that the proportion of carbon dioxide in the synthesis gas cannot be accurately controlled according to the needs of subsequent products. The present utility model specifically solves the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] A low-carbon dioxide gasifier provided by the present utility model can accurately control the proportion of carbon dioxide in the synthesis gas within a relatively wide range to meet the different requirements of the subsequent process for the synthesis gas. Its characteristics are as follows: inside the furnace body (1), from bottom to top, there are an iron water pool (11), a slag pool (10), a carbon powder pool (9), and a furnace chamber (19) in sequence. On the furnace body (1) corresponding to the bottom of the iron water pool (11), there are an iron inlet (18) and an iron outlet (5). The iron inlet (18) can be connected to the bottom of the molten iron pre-furnace (6) in such a way that the molten iron pre-furnace (6) has both the functions of iron inlet and molten iron liquid level monitoring. The iron outlet (5) is used to drain the iron water, slag, and carbon powder in the furnace. On the furnace body (1), at the slag discharge position preset for the slag pool (10), there is a slag outlet (4). The furnace body (1) is provided with an organic raw material feeding device, and the organic raw material feeding device can be at least one organic particle raw material spray gun (7), and the nozzle of the organic particle raw material spray gun (7) is arranged in the slag pool (10). Or, the organic raw material feeding device is at least one set of briquette feeding devices (14) connected or assembled with the organic briquette inlet (17). It can also have both the organic particle raw material spray gun (7) and the briquette feeding device (14) at the same time. At least one oxygen lance (3) is inserted into the slag pool (10). At the top of the furnace chamber (19), there is a synthesis gas outlet (8).

[0005] Furthermore, an electric heat supplement device is provided. The electric heat supplement device can be a carbon rod heating electrode (2), an electromagnetic induction heating device (12), or other electric heating methods. Under the condition of heat balance, the amount of heat supplement depends on the required proportion of carbon dioxide in the syngas. When a high proportion of carbon dioxide is required, the amount of heat supplement is correspondingly small, and even no heat supplement is needed. Similarly, when a low proportion of carbon dioxide is required, the heat supplement is correspondingly large. This technology uses electric heat supplement to replace the carbon dioxide generated by the excessive consumption of oxygen for heating purposes, achieving the purpose of precisely controlling the proportion of carbon dioxide.

[0006] Furthermore, the thickness of the carbon powder pool (9) should be at least greater than the minimum thickness that oxygen cannot penetrate, to prevent oxygen from passing through the carbon powder pool (9) and burning with the product syngas in the furnace chamber (19) to form carbon dioxide. If it is desired that the proportion of carbon dioxide in the syngas is as low as possible, or even there is no carbon dioxide, the thickness of the carbon powder in the carbon powder pool (9) can be increased. Under the condition of sufficient carbon, most of the oxygen reacts with carbon to form carbon monoxide. Even if a small part forms carbon dioxide, when the carbon dioxide passes through the carbon powder pool at high temperature, it will also be partially converted into carbon monoxide. Thus, the proportion of carbon dioxide is minimized to the greatest extent.

[0007] Furthermore, the furnace chamber (19) is provided with a material surface position sensor (21) and a heat preservation gun (13). The material surface position sensor (21) can sense the height of the feeding surface of the carbon powder pool (9) in real time. The function of the heat preservation gun (13) is to be used for furnace baking when initially starting the gasifier, maintaining the furnace temperature during the production intermittent stage, and completing the furnace preheating when restarting the furnace after cooling. The heat preservation gun (13) generally uses natural gas as fuel. The heat preservation gun (13) can spray out the fuel gas or spray out the fuel gas and the auxiliary fuel gas in the form of a sleeve.

[0008] Furthermore, the hot metal pre-furnace (6) is provided with a hot metal pre-furnace slag discharge port (22), a hot metal liquid level position sensor (23), and a heat supplement and heat preservation device. The hot metal pre-furnace slag discharge port (22) can discharge the carbon powder layer and slag in the hot metal pre-furnace (6) before continuous production, enabling the hot metal liquid level position sensor (23) to sense the height of the hot metal in the hot metal pre-furnace (6) in real time, and then calculating the height of the upper liquid surface of the hot metal pool (11) in the furnace body through the pressure difference.

[0009] Furthermore, a slag pool pre-furnace (24) is provided, the bottom of which is connected to the slag discharge port (4). The slag pool pre-furnace (24) is provided with a slag pool pre-furnace slag discharge port (25), a slag pool liquid level position sensor (26), and a heat supplement and heat preservation device. The slag pool pre-furnace slag discharge port (25) can discharge the carbon powder layer and molten slag in the slag pool pre-furnace (24) during production, enabling the slag pool liquid level position sensor (23) to sense the height of the slag layer in the slag pool pre-furnace (24) in real time, and then calculating the height of the upper liquid surface of the molten slag pool (10) in the furnace body through the pressure difference.

[0010] The above-mentioned heat preservation gun (13), organic particle raw material spray gun (7), briquette feeding device for organic briquette raw materials (14), oxygen lance (3), hot metal preheating furnace (6) at the hot metal inlet (18), carbon rod heating electrode (2) system, or electromagnetic induction heating device (12) are all prior arts and will not be elaborated here.

[0011] Through the measurement of the material surface level sensor (21) arranged in the furnace chamber (19) for the upper material surface of the carbon powder pool (9) in the furnace body, the measurement of the liquid level of the hot metal pool (11) by the hot metal preheating furnace (6), or the measurement of the liquid level of the slag pool (10) by the slag pool preheating furnace (24) (if any), and the regulation of the furnace pressure inside the furnace, the stable control of the hot metal liquid level is achieved. When iron needs to be supplemented during long-term operation, the iron-containing raw materials can be added and supplemented from the biomass inlet. The continuously generated molten slag is discharged from the slag outlet. When initially starting the furnace to create the slag pool (10), or adding slag-making agents during production to maintain the characteristics of the slag, it can be added by the organic raw material feeding device. During short-term production stoppages, the heat preservation gun (13) works to ensure that the slag pool (10) and the hot metal pool (11) are not frozen. When shutting down for a long time, the molten slag, hot metal, and carbon powder are drained completely.

[0012] When starting the furnace, if there is a hot metal preheating furnace (6) but no slag pool preheating furnace (24), carbon powder can be first added from the hot metal inlet (18) through the hot metal preheating furnace (6) in the amount required by the design, and then hot metal is added to form the carbon powder pool (9) and the hot metal pool (11) respectively; then the carbon powder in the hot metal preheating furnace (6) is drained completely through the slag outlet (22) of the hot metal preheating furnace. After the carbon powder in the hot metal preheating furnace (6) is drained completely, the hot metal liquid level sensor (23) in the hot metal preheating furnace (6) can provide the real-time position of the hot metal liquid level in the hot metal preheating furnace; the material surface level sensor (21) in the furnace chamber (19) can sense the height of the material surface of the carbon powder pool (9) in the furnace body in real time; the molten slag discharged from the slag outlet (4) preset on the upper liquid level position of the slag pool (10) on the furnace body (1) should contain a small amount of carbon powder, indicating that the upper liquid level of the slag pool (10) is at the designed working position; combined with the pressure parameters of the hot metal preheating furnace (6) and the furnace body, the real-time positions and thicknesses of the hot metal pool (11), slag pool (10), and carbon powder pool (9) in the furnace body can be calculated, providing parameter support for the feeding amounts of various raw materials during production.

[0013] If there are both a hot metal pre - furnace (6) and a slag pool pre - furnace (24), when starting up the furnace, hot metal is added through the hot metal pre - furnace (6) from the hot metal inlet (18) in the amount required by the design to form a hot metal pool (11); then carbon powder is added through the slag pool pre - furnace (24) to form a carbon powder pool (9). Before continuous production, the carbon powder in the slag pool pre - furnace (24) is drained through the slag outlet (25) of the slag pool pre - furnace. During the production process, the hot metal liquid level position sensor (23) in the hot metal pre - furnace (6) can provide the real - time position of the hot metal liquid level in the hot metal pre - furnace (6); the slag pool liquid level position sensor (26) in the slag pool pre - furnace (24) can provide the real - time position of the molten slag liquid level in the slag pool pre - furnace (24); the material surface position sensor (21) in the furnace chamber (19) can sense the height of the material surface of the carbon powder pool (9) in the furnace body in real time; together with the pressure parameters of the hot metal pre - furnace (6), the slag pool pre - furnace (24) and the furnace body, the real - time positions and thicknesses of the hot metal pool (11), molten slag pool (10) and carbon powder pool (9) in the furnace body can be calculated, providing parameter support for the feeding amounts of various raw materials in production.

[0014] It is also possible not to add carbon powder first. In the initial gas - generating stage, only organic raw materials are supplied without oxygen supply first, and the heat balance is entirely supplemented by electric heating. When the carbon powder pool accumulates to a sufficient thickness, oxygen is supplied. The thickness of the carbon powder pool (9) basically remains unchanged during normal production. If it needs to be changed, it can be achieved by adjusting the oxygen input amount over a period of time.

[0015] Preferably, the thickness of the carbon powder pool is such that when the carbon dioxide generated by the hot metal pool and / or molten slag pool passes through the carbon powder pool, it can be completely or partially converted into carbon monoxide according to the design ratio.

[0016] The advantage of the present utility model is that there is a thick carbon powder pool (9) under high - temperature conditions, which can ensure that there is sufficient carbon to react with oxygen preferentially to generate carbon monoxide, avoiding oxygen passing through the molten slag pool (10) and directly reacting with carbon monoxide in the product gas to generate carbon dioxide. At the same time, for the small amount of carbon dioxide that has been generated, a reverse reaction can occur to generate carbon monoxide. If the heat is insufficient, the electric heating device can be used to supplement heat with green electricity to achieve heat balance. In this way, the requirement of a low carbon dioxide proportion can be accurately achieved, and the gas - production rate of carbon monoxide is increased, creating more economical raw material gas conditions for subsequent chemical synthesis.

[0017] Another major advantage of the present utility model is that this gas - making furnace can consume a variety of solid wastes and produce high - quality chemical raw material synthesis gas and precious metal recovery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 : Schematic diagram of a gas - making furnace with electrode heating and bio - particle spraying

[0019] Figure 2:Schematic diagram of electromagnetic induction heating and gasifier for receiving biomass briquettes

[0020] 1 - Furnace body 2 - Carbon rod heating electrode 3 - Oxygen lance 4 - Slag discharge port 5 - Tapping hole 6 - Hot metal pre - furnace 7 - Organic granule raw material spray gun 8 - Syngas outlet 9 - Carbon powder pool 10 - Slag pool 11 - Hot metal pool 12 - Electromagnetic induction heating device 13 - Heat preservation gun 14 - Briquette feeding device 15 - Organic briquette raw material 16 - Heating electrode sealing device 17 - Organic briquette raw material inlet 18 - Iron inlet 19 - Furnace chamber 20 - Organic granule raw material 21 - Material surface position sensor 22 - Hot metal pre - furnace slag discharge port 23 - Hot metal liquid level position sensor 24 - Slag pool pre - furnace 25 - Slag pool pre - furnace slag discharge port 26 - Slag pool liquid level position sensor Specific implementation mode

[0021] Example 1

[0022] The following combines with Figure 1 Describe a low - carbon - dioxide gasifier in Example 1. The gasifier of the present utility model uses organic granule raw material 20 made of biomass to produce gas, which is sent by the organic granule raw material spray gun 7 into the interface where the hot metal pool 11 and the slag pool 10 meet by high - pressure carrier gas. The high - pressure carrier gas can be syngas, or a certain component in syngas; or when a certain proportion of nitrogen or CO2 is allowed to exist in syngas, N2 or CO2 is used as the carrier gas. Under the entrainment of the high - pressure carrier gas, part of the organic granule raw material 20 enters the hot metal pool 11, and part is in the high - temperature slag pool 10 near the hot metal pool 11, where it will quickly crack to generate C, ash, and H2. The formed H2 floats up and is finally discharged from the syngas outlet 8. Part of the solid carbon generated by cracking carburizes into the iron, and the other part floats up with the ash. The ash is dissolved into liquid slag, forming a slag liquid with good fluidity and qualified properties together with the slag - making agent. The carbon reacts with the oxygen sprayed by the oxygen lance 3 during the floating process. Part of it forms carbon monoxide, and part enters the carbon powder pool 9. The oxygen lance 3 supplies oxygen to the furnace in a matching amount, and the oxygen burns with the dissolved carbon and undissolved solid carbon in the hot metal to release heat. If the heat is not enough to reach thermal equilibrium, heat is supplemented by the carbon rod heating electrode 2. The unburned part of the oxygen sprayed into the slag - iron liquid surface floats into the thick carbon powder pool 9, reacts with carbon to form carbon monoxide, and at the same time forms a small amount of carbon dioxide, which reacts reversely with carbon during the floating process to form carbon monoxide, and finally enters the upper furnace chamber and is discharged from the syngas outlet 8. In this example, the functions of the heat preservation gun 13 and the tapping hole 5 at the bottom of the hot metal pool have been described in the previous description and will not be elaborated here.

[0023] In addition to the functions of adding carbon powder, slag, and hot metal to the furnace, the hot metal pre - furnace 6 can also monitor the height of the slag - iron liquid surface through the hot metal liquid level position sensor 23 to ensure that the biomass particle spray gun and the oxygen lance will not be burned out by entering the hot metal during production. The slag discharge port 4 controls slag discharge periodically.

[0024] Example 2

[0025] The following is combined with Figure 2 Describe a low-carbon dioxide gasifier in Example 2. The raw material is made of organic briquette raw materials 15 made of biomass for gasification. Different from Example 1, an organic briquette inlet 17 is provided on the lower-middle furnace wall of the iron water tank 11, and a briquette feeding device 14 is installed to press the organic briquette raw materials 15 into the iron water tank 11. A slag pool pre-furnace 24 is connected to the slag outlet 4, and a slag pool pre-furnace slag outlet 25 and a slag pool liquid level position sensor 26 are provided on the slag pool pre-furnace 24. The organic briquette raw materials 15 entering the molten iron are rapidly cracked, and the formed hydrogen floats and is finally discharged from the syngas outlet 8. The formed solid carbon, ash, and uncracked parts will float and carburize into the iron, float to the oxygen lance 3 and be blocked, and continue to complete cracking. The ash powder is dissolved into liquid slag, and together with the slag-making agent, it forms a molten slag pool 10 with good fluidity and qualified properties, and is finally discharged from the slag pool pre-furnace slag outlet 25. If the heat is not enough to reach thermal equilibrium, heat is supplemented by the electromagnetic induction device 12.

Claims

1. A low carbon dioxide gas making furnace, characterized in that: The furnace body (1) comprises, from bottom to top, a molten iron pool (11), a slag pool (10), a carbon powder pool (9), and a furnace (19); an iron inlet (18) and an iron outlet (5) are provided on the furnace body (1) corresponding to the bottom of the molten iron pool (11); a slag outlet (4) is provided on the furnace body (1) corresponding to the slag pool (10); an organic raw material feeding device is provided on the furnace body (1); at least one oxygen gun (3) is inserted into the slag pool (10); and a synthesis gas outlet (8) is provided on the top of the furnace (19).

2. A low carbon dioxide gas making furnace as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: An electric heating device is provided, which may be a carbon rod heating electrode (2) or an electromagnetic induction heating device (12).

3. A low carbon dioxide gas making furnace as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The organic raw material feeding device is at least one organic particle raw material spray gun (7), and the nozzle of the organic particle raw material spray gun (7) is arranged in the slag pool (10).

4. A low carbon dioxide gas making furnace as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The organic raw material feeding device is at least one group of organic briquette feeding devices (14) connected or assembled with the organic briquette inlet (17).

5. A low carbon dioxide gas making furnace as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the carbon powder in the carbon powder pool (9) is such that at least the oxygen injected by the oxygen gun (3) cannot pass through the carbon powder pool (9) and is completely converted into carbon monoxide and / or carbon dioxide.

6. A low carbon dioxide gas making furnace as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A material surface position sensor (21) and a heat preservation gun (13) are provided on the furnace body (1) corresponding to the furnace chamber (19). The heat preservation gun (13) can spray out fuel gas or spray out fuel gas and auxiliary fuel gas in the form of a sleeve.

7. A low carbon dioxide gas making furnace as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A molten iron pre-furnace (6) is provided, the bottom of which is connected to the iron inlet (18).

8. A low carbon dioxide gas making furnace as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The molten iron pre-furnace (6) can be provided with a molten iron pre-furnace slag outlet (22), a molten iron liquid level position sensor (23) and a heat supplement and heat preservation device.

9. A low carbon dioxide gas making furnace as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A slag pool pre-furnace (24) is provided, the bottom of which is connected to the slag outlet (4). The slag pool pre-furnace (24) is provided with a slag pool pre-furnace slag outlet (25), a slag pool liquid level position sensor (26) and a heat supplement and heat preservation device.

Images