Head structure of hydraulic rock drill

Abstract

The utility model discloses a head structure of a hydraulic rock drill. The head structure comprises a machine head and a bit shank, wherein the machine head is provided with a flushing medium interface; the bit shank is coaxially arranged in the machine head and can rotate and axially move relative to the machine head; a flushing head, a bit shank copper sleeve and a machine head copper sleeve are arranged in the machine head; a containing cavity communicated with the flushing medium connector is formed between the flushing head and an inner cavity of the machine head, and a flushing cavity is formed between an inner cavity of the flushing head and the bit shank. The flushing head is provided with a plurality of liquid passing holes communicated with the containing cavity and the flushing cavity, and the bit shank is provided with a flushing channel extending towards the head of the machine head and communicated with the outside and a liquid inlet hole communicated with the flushing cavity and the flushing channel. The bit shank copper sleeve and the machine head copper sleeve are arranged in the machine head, radial deviation of the bit shank is prevented through the guiding effect of the bit shank copper sleeve and the machine head copper sleeve, the stability of the bit shank in the impact and rotation process is improved, and meanwhile the service life of the bit shank is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a head structure of a hydraulic rock drill, belonging to the technical field of hydraulic rock drills. Background Art

[0002] When a hydraulic rock drill is working, an impact piston impacts a drill steel tail, and a slewing mechanism drives the drill steel tail to rotate, so as to break rocks during the impact and slewing processes. During this process, the drill steel tail will continuously perform axial displacement and rotation in the drill head. However, in the existing head structures of hydraulic rock drills, there is usually no guiding and supporting component or only one-way supporting and guiding. Therefore, after the drill steel tail is impacted by the impact piston and collides with the rock, the drill steel tail will have a radial offset, resulting in easy wear during the subsequent return stroke and further stroke processes, greatly reducing the actual service life of the drill steel tail. Summary of the Utility Model

[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a head structure of a hydraulic rock drill. By arranging a drill steel tail copper sleeve and a drill head copper sleeve in the drill head, and using the guiding functions of the drill steel tail copper sleeve and the drill head copper sleeve, the radial offset of the drill steel tail is prevented, the stability of the drill steel tail during the impact and slewing processes is improved, and at the same time, the service life of the drill steel tail is guaranteed.

[0004] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is as follows:

[0005] A head structure of a hydraulic rock drill includes a drill head having a flushing medium interface and detachably connected to a gearbox cover, and a drill steel tail coaxially arranged in the drill head and capable of rotating and axially displacing relative to the drill head;

[0006] A flushing head is arranged in the drill head, and a drill steel tail copper sleeve and a drill head copper sleeve are arranged at the rear side of the tail of the flushing head and the front side of the head, for preventing the radial displacement of the drill steel tail; the flushing head, the drill steel tail copper sleeve and the drill head copper sleeve are all sleeved outside the drill steel tail;

[0007] A receiving cavity communicating with the flushing medium interface is formed between the inner cavity of the flushing head and the drill head, a flushing cavity is formed between the inner cavity of the flushing head and the drill steel tail, and two U-shaped seals for preventing the leakage of the flushing medium in the flushing cavity are arranged in the flushing head;

[0008] A plurality of liquid flow holes communicating the receiving cavity with the flushing cavity are formed in the flushing head, the drill steel tail has a flushing channel extending towards the head of the drill head and communicating with the outside, and a liquid inlet hole communicating the flushing cavity with the flushing channel;

[0009] After the flushing medium enters through the flushing medium interface, it passes through the sequentially connected receiving cavity, liquid flow holes, flushing cavity, liquid inlet hole and then is discharged through the flushing channel.

[0010] Preferably, a stop ring is further included, which is sleeved outside the drill steel shank and embedded in the tail cavity of the drill head, and its tail abuts against the gearbox cover, for preventing the axial displacement of the flushing head, the drill steel shank copper sleeve and the drill head copper sleeve.

[0011] Preferably, the head of the drill steel shank copper sleeve abuts against the U-shaped seal in the tail cavity of the flushing head, and a leakage chamber is formed between the drill steel shank copper sleeve and the drill steel shank for accommodating the flushing medium leaking from the flushing cavity;

[0012] A liquid return cavity is formed between the drill steel shank copper sleeve and the drill head. The leakage chamber is communicated with the liquid return cavity, and a liquid discharge channel for discharging the flushing medium in the liquid return cavity is provided on the drill head.

[0013] Preferably, a plurality of liquid discharge holes are circumferentially provided on the head of the drill steel shank copper sleeve, and the leakage chamber is communicated with the liquid return cavity through the liquid discharge holes.

[0014] Preferably, a U-shaped seal for preventing the flushing medium from leaking to the tail of the drill steel shank is also provided in the head cavity of the drill steel shank copper sleeve.

[0015] Preferably, sealing rings for preventing the flushing medium from leaking are respectively provided on the contact surfaces between the flushing head and the drill head and between the drill steel shank copper sleeve and the drill head.

[0016] Preferably, the drill head has a first oil filling port, and a first oil filling plug is provided in the first oil filling port;

[0017] After the lubricating oil is injected through the first oil filling plug and the first oil filling port, it enters the gaps between the drill head copper sleeve and the drill head, the flushing head and the drill steel shank for lubrication.

[0018] Preferably, a purging air chamber is formed between the drill head copper sleeve and the drill head, and a plurality of purging air holes communicating the gap between the drill steel shank and the drill head copper sleeve and the purging air chamber are provided on the drill head copper sleeve;

[0019] An air passage communicating the purging air chamber with the cavity formed between the large gear of the hydraulic rock drill and the stop ring is provided in the drill head and the gearbox cover;

[0020] The purging air entering the cavity formed between the large gear and the stop ring enters the purging air chamber through the gap formed between the large gear, the gearbox cover, the stop ring and the drill head and the connected air passage, and then enters the gap between the drill steel shank and the drill head copper sleeve through the purging air holes and is blown out.

[0021] Preferably, the drill head has a second oil filling port, and a second oil filling plug is provided in the second oil filling port; the second oil filling port is communicated with the liquid return cavity and the leakage chamber;

[0022] The lubricating oil is injected into the liquid return cavity through the second oil filling plug and the second oil filling port and enters the leakage chamber for lubrication.

[0023] Preferably, a protective cover is also provided on the head of the machine head, and the shank tail is inserted through the protective cover.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0025] 1. The existing hydraulic rock drill does not have a guide support assembly or only has a single guide support assembly, which will cause radial deviation of the drill tail during operation, resulting in increased wear and affecting the service life; therefore, the present application sets a drill tail copper sleeve and a machine head copper sleeve in the machine head, and utilizes the guiding effect of the drill tail copper sleeve and the machine head copper sleeve to prevent the drill tail from radial deviation, thereby improving the stability of the drill tail during impact and rotation, and at the same time ensuring the service life of the drill tail;

[0026] 2. After the flushing medium enters through the flushing medium interface, it can be discharged through the flushing channel after passing through the sequentially connected accommodating chamber, liquid outlet hole, flushing chamber, and liquid inlet hole, which can effectively cool the drill tail and clean the drill hole; at the same time, the flushing medium interface and the machine head are an integrated structure, so there is no need to install an additional flushing joint, that is, a no-flushing joint design is adopted, which avoids the problem of easy falling off of the bolts at the connection between the existing flushing joint and the machine head, resulting in flushing failure;

[0027] 3. The seal (U-shaped seal or water seal) used to prevent the leakage of flushing medium in the existing machine head is extremely inconvenient or impossible to disassemble due to the machine body structure and component installation structure, which makes it inconvenient to replace the seal when it is worn and loses the sealing effect, or the relevant overall structure must be replaced, wasting manpower and financial resources; therefore, in this application, the machine head and the gear box cover are detachably connected, and the stop ring is embedded in the tail cavity of the machine head and the tail is abutted against the gear box cover, so that the brazing tail copper sleeve and the flushing head are easy to take out, and then the internal U-shaped seal can be replaced, which is simple and convenient to operate and reduces manpower and financial resources;

[0028] 4. The design of two lubricating oil adding points enables the lubricating oil to fully lubricate the drill tail, U-shaped seal, drill tail copper sleeve, and machine head copper sleeve, reducing the wear rate and extending the service life of the components; at the same time, the design of the purge air chamber and the air passage enables the purge air to purge the gap between the drill tail and the machine head copper sleeve, avoiding the increased wear of the components caused by debris entering this area. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 This is a stereoscopic diagram of the head structure from one perspective;

[0030] Figure 2 Another perspective stereogram of the head structure;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the head structure from one of the viewing angles;

[0032] Figure 4Another perspective cross-sectional view of the head structure;

[0033] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure at the liquid passage hole;

[0034] Figure 6 Cross-sectional view of the drill head;

[0035] Figure 7 Cross-sectional view of a hydraulic rock drill with a head structure;

[0036] The meanings of the main reference numerals in the figure are as follows:

[0037] 1. Flushing medium interface, 2. Gearbox cover, 3. Intermediate body, 4. Screw, 5. Drill head, 6. Tool shank, 7. Protective cover, 8. Flushing head, 9. Tool shank copper bushing, 10. Drill head copper bushing, 11. Stop ring, 12. Accommodation cavity, 13. Flushing cavity, 14. U-shaped seal, 15. Liquid passage hole, 16. Flushing channel, 17. Liquid inlet hole, 18. Leakage chamber, 19. Return liquid chamber, 20. Drainage hole, 21. Drainage channel, 22. Sealing ring, 23. First oil injection port, 24. First oil injection plug, 25. Purge gas chamber, 26. Purge gas hole, 27. Gas passage, 28. Large gear, 29. Second oil injection port, 30. Second oil injection plug. Detailed implementation manners

[0038] The following specifically introduces the present utility model in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0039] This embodiment is a head mechanism of a hydraulic rock drill. As Figure 1-7 shown, it includes a drill head 5 having a flushing medium interface 1 and detachably connected to the gearbox cover 2 (the drill head 5, the gearbox cover 2, and the intermediate body 3 are connected by a plurality of screws 4), and a tool shank 6 coaxially arranged in the drill head 5 and capable of rotating and axially displacing relative to the drill head 5; a protective cover 7 is further provided at the head of the drill head 5, and the tool shank 6 penetrates through the protective cover 7.

[0040] A flushing head 8 and a tool shank copper bushing 9 and a drill head copper bushing 10 are arranged at the rear side of the tail and the front side of the head of the flushing head 8 in the drill head 5. The drill head copper bushing 10 is embedded in the head cavity of the drill head 5; the flushing head 8, the tool shank copper bushing 9, and the drill head copper bushing 10 are all sleeved outside the tool shank 6; the head mechanism further includes a stop ring 11, which is sleeved outside the tool shank 6 and embedded in the tail cavity of the drill head 5 and the tail abuts against the gearbox cover 2, for preventing the axial displacement of the flushing head 8, the tool shank copper bushing 9, and the drill head copper bushing 10.

[0041] By arranging a tool steel bushing 9 and a head bushing 10 inside the drill head 5, and utilizing the guiding effect of the tool steel bushing 9 and the head bushing 10, the radial deviation of the tool steel 6 is prevented, the stability of the tool steel 6 during impact and rotation is improved, and at the same time, the service life of the tool steel 6 is guaranteed. Moreover, since the flushing medium interface 1 and the drill head 5 are of an integral structure, there is no need to additionally install a flushing joint, that is, a design without a flushing joint is adopted, avoiding the problem that the bolts at the connection between the existing flushing joint and the drill head 5 are prone to falling off, resulting in flushing failure.

[0042] Furthermore, a receiving cavity 12 communicating with the flushing medium interface 1 is formed between the flushing head 8 and the inner cavity of the drill head 5. A flushing cavity 13 is formed between the inner cavity of the flushing head 8 and the tool steel 6, and two U-shaped seals 14 for preventing the leakage of the flushing medium in the flushing cavity 13 are arranged inside the flushing head 8. A plurality of liquid passage holes 15 communicating the receiving cavity 12 and the flushing cavity 13 are provided on the flushing head 8. The tool steel 6 has a flushing channel 16 extending towards the head of the drill head 5 and communicating with the outside, and a liquid inlet hole 17 communicating the flushing cavity 13 and the flushing channel 16.

[0043] When the tool steel 6 performs impact and rotation operations, flushing water is injected through the flushing medium interface 1. The flushing water enters the receiving cavity 12 and then enters the flushing cavity 13 through the liquid passage holes 15. Due to the presence of the U-shaped seals 14 in the head and tail of the flushing head 8, the flushing water enters the flushing channel 16 in the tool steel 6 through the liquid inlet hole 17, cleans and cools the tool steel 6, and then is discharged through the flushing channel 16, and can flush out the impurities in the drill hole.

[0044] The head of the tool steel bushing 9 abuts against the U-shaped seal 14 in the tail cavity of the flushing head 8, and a leakage chamber 18 for accommodating the flushing medium leaked from the flushing cavity 13 is formed between the tool steel bushing 9 and the tool steel 6. A return liquid cavity 19 is formed between the tool steel bushing 9 and the drill head 5. A plurality of liquid discharge holes 20 are circumferentially provided on the head of the tool steel bushing 9. The leakage chamber is communicated with the return liquid cavity 19 through the liquid discharge holes 20, and a liquid discharge channel 21 for discharging the flushing medium in the return liquid cavity 19 is provided on the drill head 5.

[0045] In practical applications, some flushing water enters the leakage chamber 18 through the U-shaped seal 14 at the tail of the flushing head 8, and the flushing water in the leakage chamber can be discharged outside the drill head 5 through the liquid discharge holes 20, the return water cavity, and the liquid discharge channel 21.

[0046] In order to prevent the leakage of the flushing medium, sealing rings 22 are respectively arranged on the contact surfaces between the flushing head 8 and the drill head 5 and between the tool steel bushing 9 and the drill head 5; and a U-shaped seal 14 for preventing the further leakage of the leaked flushing medium towards the tail of the tool steel 6 is also arranged in the head cavity of the tool steel bushing 9.

[0047] In the above structure, the machine head 5 is detachably connected to the gearbox cover 2. At the same time, the stop ring 11 is embedded in the tail cavity of the machine head 5 and its tail abuts against the gearbox cover 2, so that the drill steel bushing 9 and the flushing head 8 are easy to take out, and then the U-shaped seal 14 inside can be replaced. The operation is simple and convenient, reducing manpower and financial resources.

[0048] At the same time, in order to lubricate the area between the drill steel 6, the machine head copper bushing 10 and the flushing head 8, a first oil injection port 23 is opened on the machine head 5, and a first oil injection plug 24 is arranged in the first oil injection port 23; after the lubricating oil is injected through the first oil injection plug 24 and the first oil injection port 23, it enters the gaps between the machine head copper bushing 10 and the machine head 5, the flushing head 8, and the drill steel 6 for lubrication.

[0049] Furthermore, in order to lubricate the area between the drill steel bushing 9 and the flushing head 8, a second oil injection port 29 is also opened on the machine head 5, and a second oil injection plug 30 is arranged in the second oil injection port 29; the second oil injection port 29 is communicated with the liquid return cavity 19 and the leakage chamber 18; the lubricating oil is injected through the second oil injection plug 30 and the second oil injection port 29 into the liquid return cavity 19 and enters the leakage chamber for lubrication.

[0050] The lubricating oil is injected when the hydraulic rock drill is in a non-working state. One portion of the lubricating oil is injected through the first oil injection plug 24 and the first oil injection port 23. Since there is no seal at the abutting surface between the flushing head 8 and the machine head copper bushing 10 and between the machine head copper bushing 10 and the machine head 5, the lubricating oil can enter the gaps between the components for lubrication.

[0051] The other portion of the lubricating oil is injected through the second oil injection plug 30 and the second oil injection port 29 connected to the liquid return cavity 19, and enters the leakage chamber through the liquid return cavity 19 and the drain hole 20, so as to lubricate the area between the U-shaped seal 14 in the drill steel bushing 9 and the U-shaped seal 14 at the tail of the flushing head 8. In actual application, a sealing component is provided inside the hydraulic rock drill to prevent the lubricating oil from entering the oil cavity where the impact assembly drives the impact piston to strike the drill steel 6.

[0052] The design of the above two lubricating oil adding points enables the lubricating oil to comprehensively lubricate the components in the cavity formed among the drill steel 6, the U-shaped seal 14, the drill steel bushing 9, and the machine head copper bushing 10, which can effectively reduce the component wear rate and extend the service life of the components.

[0053] Meanwhile, a purging gas chamber 25 is formed between the nose copper bushing 10 and the nose 5, and a plurality of purging air holes 26 are provided on the nose copper bushing 10 to communicate the gap between the shank 6 and the nose copper bushing 10 and the purging gas chamber 25; a gas passage 27 is provided in the nose 5 and the gearbox cover 2 to communicate the purging gas chamber 25 with the cavity formed between the large gear 28 and the stop ring 11 of the hydraulic rock drill; the purging gas entering the cavity formed between the large gear 28 and the stop ring 11 enters the purging gas chamber 25 through the gap formed between the large gear 28, the gearbox cover 2, the stop ring 11 and the nose 5 and the gas passage 27 communicated therewith, and then enters the gap between the shank 6 and the nose copper bushing 10 through the purging air holes 26 and is blown out, so as to realize the blowing out of the debris entering the gap, avoiding the aggravation of wear caused by the debris to the components; and the blown gas can also act on the drill hole, and can also blow out the debris in the drill hole.

[0054] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and retouches can be made, and these improvements and retouches should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydraulic rock drill head structure, characterized in that: It comprises a machine head with a flushing medium interface and detachably connected to a gear box cover, and a drill tail coaxially arranged in the machine head and capable of rotating and axially displacing relative to the machine head; The machine head is provided with a flushing head and a brazing tail copper sleeve and a machine head copper sleeve arranged at the rear side of the tail of the flushing head and the front side of the head to prevent the brazing tail from radially deviating; the flushing head, the brazing tail copper sleeve and the machine head copper sleeve are all sleeved outside the brazing tail; A receiving cavity connected to the flushing medium interface is formed between the flushing head and the inner cavity of the machine head, a flushing cavity is formed between the inner cavity of the flushing head and the shank, and two U-shaped seals are arranged in the flushing head to prevent leakage of the flushing medium in the flushing cavity; The flushing head is provided with a plurality of liquid holes connecting the accommodating cavity and the flushing cavity, the shank tail has a flushing channel extending toward the head of the machine head and connected to the outside, and has a liquid inlet hole connecting the flushing cavity and the flushing channel; After the flushing medium enters through the flushing medium interface, it passes through the accommodating cavity, the liquid outlet hole, the flushing cavity, and the liquid inlet hole which are connected in sequence and then is discharged through the flushing channel.

2. The hydraulic rock drill head structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a stop ring, which is sleeved outside the shank and embedded in the tail cavity of the machine head, and the tail is abutted against the gear box cover, and is used to prevent axial displacement of the flushing head, the shank copper sleeve and the machine head copper sleeve.

3. The hydraulic rock drill head structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The head of the shank copper sleeve is in contact with the U-shaped seal in the tail cavity of the flushing head, and a leakage chamber for accommodating the flushing medium leaking from the flushing cavity is formed between the head of the shank copper sleeve and the shank; A liquid return cavity is formed between the brazing tail copper sleeve and the machine head, the leakage chamber is communicated with the liquid return cavity, and a drainage channel for discharging the flushing medium in the liquid return cavity is provided on the machine head.

4. The hydraulic rock drill head structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of drainage holes are arranged around the head of the brazing tail copper sleeve, and the leakage chamber is connected with the liquid return chamber through the drainage holes.

5. The hydraulic rock drill head structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: A U-shaped seal is also provided in the head cavity of the shank copper sleeve to prevent the flushing medium from leaking to the tail of the shank.

6. The hydraulic rock drill head structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: Sealing rings for preventing leakage of flushing medium are respectively arranged on the contact surface between the flushing head and the machine head and the contact surface between the brazing tail copper sleeve and the machine head.

7. The hydraulic rock drill head structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The machine head is provided with a first oil filling port, and a first oil filling plug is arranged in the first oil filling port; The lubricating oil is injected through the first oil filling plug and the first oil filling port and enters the gaps between the machine head copper sleeve and the machine head, the flushing head and the drill tail for lubrication.

8. The hydraulic rock drill head structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A purge air chamber is formed between the machine head copper sleeve and the machine head, and a plurality of purge air holes are opened on the machine head copper sleeve to connect the gap between the shank and the machine head copper sleeve and the purge air chamber; The machine head and the gear box cover are provided with an air passage connecting the purge air chamber and the cavity formed between the large gear and the stop ring of the hydraulic rock drill; The purge gas entering the cavity formed between the large gear and the stop ring enters the purge gas chamber through the gap formed between the large gear, the gear box cover, the stop ring and the machine head and the connected air passage, and then enters the gap between the drill tail and the machine head copper sleeve through the purge air hole and is blown out.

9. The hydraulic rock drill head structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The machine head is provided with a second oil filling port, and a second oil filling plug is arranged in the second oil filling port; the second oil filling port is connected with the return liquid chamber and the leakage chamber; The lubricating oil is injected into the liquid return cavity through the second oil filling plug and the second oil filling port and enters the leakage cavity for lubrication.

10. The hydraulic rock drill head structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A protective cover is also provided on the head of the machine head, and the drill tail passes through the protective cover.

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