Anchoring and supporting assembly for roadway roof layer rock

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of mine roadway supporting, and particularly relates to a roadway roof rock anchoring and supporting assembly which comprises outer anchor components, each outer anchor component comprises an outer anchor supporting face and supporting body structures, and each outer anchor component at least comprises three supporting body structures. The supporting body structure comprises a hemispherical supporting body protruding outwards and through holes located in the center of the hemispherical supporting body, and anchoring assemblies with the corresponding number are arranged through the through holes. Compared with the prior art, the high-strength outer anchor component has the advantages that a plurality of anchor cables are arranged on the same high-strength outer anchor component, and the anchor cables with different lengths and other anchor cables are fixedly anchored in a stepped manner, so that stress concentration of an inner anchor section at the same rock layer position is avoided; and meanwhile, full-length anchoring of all the anchor cables in the anchor cable bundle is achieved through one hollow grouting anchor cable, and therefore the situation that the anchor cables are broken due to the fact that the anchor cables are broken by all the anchor cables is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of mine roadway support, and particularly relates to an anchoring support assembly for the roof rock layer of a roadway. Background Art

[0002] The prestressed anchor cable reinforcement has become one of the most economical and effective methods to improve the stability of geotechnical engineering and solve complex geotechnical engineering problems. Since the 1960s, China has introduced the anchor cable anchoring technology into the field of coal mine roadway engineering, and the anchor cable has been widely promoted in coal mine roadways. In recent years, with the continuous increase of mining intensity, the proportion of support for complex and difficult roadway conditions such as deep high-stress roadways, extra-large cross-section roadways, roadways affected by strong mining disturbances, and gob-side entry retaining has been increasing and developing towards normalization. Some mines have entered deep mining, and the proportion of roadways with difficult support has increased sharply, resulting in an increasingly serious problem of anchor cable failure.

[0003] The patent document with the application number 2013100897351 discloses a support system and method for an anchoring beam-arch combined structure for a soft roof of a roadway. The support system includes a number of anchor bolts arranged at equal lengths, equal intervals, and perpendicular to the rock surface on the roof of the roadway to form an anchoring combined beam structure, and another part of the anchor bolts are arranged at unequal lengths, equal intervals, and variable inclination angles on the roof of the roadway to form an anchoring combined arch structure. The caving arch structure, combined beam structure, and combined arch structure formed by the excavation of the roof of the roadway are mutually coupled. This support system for the soft roof of a rectangular-section roadway with an anchoring beam-arch combined structure has a relatively low support cost and good support effect for the soft roof of a rectangular-section roadway. However, in this patent, the support system uses single-body anchor cables, and it is difficult to prevent the horizontal displacement of the roof rock layer only by this single anchor cable. As a result, when large deformations occur in the roof of the roadway, it is easily subjected to the soft shearing action of the horizontal movement and deformation of the rock layer, being broken one by one, resulting in serious problems such as the breakage of the anchor cable or the failure of the internal anchor. The patent document with the application number 2013105430942 discloses an anti-collision support structure for the coupling action of a thin-walled metal structure and an anchored surrounding rock of a roadway, which sets a rigid support body and a thin-walled metal component fixedly connected to the rigid support body to inhibit the deformation and movement of the anchored area, inhibit the large release of energy accumulated by the internal rock mass during the occurrence of impact, and protect the anchor mesh support body and the rigid support body from being damaged by the impact. By using the energy absorption function of the thin-walled metal structure, the flexible function of the anchor mesh support can maintain the integrity and stability of the anchored surrounding rock within a certain range of surrounding rock deformation and overall movement, so that it is not damaged by severe impact, which is of great significance for ensuring the safe mining of coal mines; however, in actual application, although the use of a large number of thin-walled metal components and anchor mesh supports can improve safety, it also greatly increases the support cost, and the construction difficulty is further improved, making it difficult to be widely promoted and applied. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] The purpose of the present utility model is to address the serious problems that in existing anchor support, single - body anchoring is difficult to prevent the horizontal displacement of the roof rock strata, is vulnerable to the soft shearing effect of the horizontal movement and deformation of the rock strata, and is broken one by one, resulting in the breakage of the anchor cable or the failure of the internal anchor. A rock - anchoring support assembly for the roadway roof layer is provided. Multiple anchor cables are arranged on the same high - strength external anchor member, and different - length anchor cables are used to achieve stepped anchoring with other anchor cables, avoiding stress concentration in the same rock layer position of the internal anchor section. At the same time, one of the hollow grouting anchor cables is used to achieve full - length anchoring of all the anchor cables in the anchor cable bundle, thus avoiding the breakage of the anchor cables caused by being broken one by one.

[0005] The present utility model is realized through the following technical solutions: A rock - anchoring support assembly for the roadway roof layer includes an external anchor member. The external anchor member includes an external anchor support surface and a support body structure. Each external anchor member includes at least three support body structures. The support body structure includes a hemispherical support body protruding outward and a through - hole located at the center of the hemispherical support body. A corresponding number of anchoring assemblies are arranged through the through - hole.

[0006] Specifically, the external anchor member is an integrally formed structure. The external anchor support surface is a plane or an arc surface matching the roadway roof. The overall structure of the external anchor support surface when flattened is square, rectangular, circular, triangular or other shapes.

[0007] Specifically, each external anchor member includes 3 - 5 support body structures. To ensure the anchoring strength, at least 3 support body structures are maintained to increase the number of anchor cables per unit area and resist the horizontal deformation of the surrounding rock. If the number of anchor cables is too large, it will increase the installation difficulty and at the same time increase the design complexity.

[0008] Specifically, the connecting lines of the center points of the support body structures on each external anchor member can at least form a triangle, which can improve the anchoring strength per unit area. The anchoring assembly includes an anchor cable and an anchor cable locking device matching it. The anchor cable locking device includes a clamping device and a wedge. One end of the clamping device is provided with a ball - head structure, and the ball - head structure can fit with the through - hole at different angles, enabling the anchor cable to be anchored at different angles.

[0009] Specifically, the thickness of the external anchor support surface is 10 - 20 mm, and the inner diameter of the through - hole is 38 - 50 mm. The through - holes on the same external anchor member can be set with different sizes according to needs. If there are multiple through - holes with different sizes, the through - hole with a larger aperture is set near the center position of the external anchor support surface.

[0010] A method for using the roadway roof layer rock anchoring and supporting assembly includes the following: Each anchor cable corresponding to the outer anchor member has at least three length specifications and at least three arrangement angles; Specifically, if 3 anchor cables are set, the lengths of the 3 anchor cables are 6m, 7m, and 8m respectively. Taking the roadway depth direction as the axial direction, the roadway section is perpendicular to the axial direction. Among them, the 8m anchor cable is perpendicular to the roadway surface, and the 6m and 7m anchor cables are inclined 10° - 30° to both sides on the cross-section perpendicular to the axial direction relative to the 8m anchor cable.

[0011] Specifically, it is characterized in that the anchor cables in the anchoring assembly include hollow grouting anchor cables, and all anchor cables are fully anchored during construction to further improve the shear resistance.

[0012] Specifically, when the anchoring and supporting system is used, an outer anchor member with a suitable specification is selected to make the outer anchor support surface fit the roadway surface. Here, the fit being basically fitting is sufficient, mainly to ensure the installation stability; Each group of the anchoring assemblies includes at least two diameters of anchor cables, and the length of the anchor cables is not less than 6m.

[0013] Before construction, according to the occurrence conditions of the ore deposit and the mining technical conditions, the roadway is reasonably arranged, and the shape, size, and support method of the roadway section are determined. The stepped anchoring and supporting system is used in the roadway with a mining depth greater than 800m, and the arrangement density of the stepped anchoring and supporting system increases with the increase of the mining depth.

[0014] The utility model has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0015] (1) By setting anchor cables with different lengths on a group of outer anchor members, stepped anchoring is achieved with other conventional anchor cables, avoiding stress concentration in the inner anchor section at the same rock layer position;

[0016] (2) 3 - 5 anchor cables are concentratedly arranged to increase the number of anchor cables per unit area and jointly resist the horizontal deformation of the surrounding rock, avoiding the individual failure of the anchor cables;

[0017] (3) Using the arranged high-strength hollow grouting anchor cables to achieve full-length anchoring of all anchor cables in the anchor cable bundle, further improving the shear resistance;

[0018] (4) By reasonably setting the anchor cable locking structure to effectively cooperate with the outer anchor member, the support stiffness is improved, and the shear failure at the anchor cable orifice caused by insufficient stiffness of the outer anchor member is avoided;

[0019] (5) By increasing the strength of the outer anchor member and setting longer anchor cables, the mechanical connection between the shallow damaged surrounding rock and the deep stable lithology of the roadway is constructed;

[0020] (6) The overall external anchor component is an integrally formed structure, which has strong structural stability, is easy to process and promote, and has low production costs; the construction process is simple, effectively improving the support effect of deep well roadways. Description of the Drawings

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the usage structure of the external anchor component in Embodiment 1.

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the usage structure of the external anchor component in Embodiment 2.

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the external anchor component in Embodiment 2.

[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the external anchor component in Embodiment 3.

[0025] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the external anchor component in Embodiment 4.

[0026] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the external anchor component in Embodiment 5.

[0027] Figure 7 It is a sectional view when the anchor cable locking device is perpendicular to the support body structure.

[0028] Figure 8 It is a sectional view when the anchor cable locking device is inclined relative to the support body structure.

[0029] Wherein, 1 - external anchor component, 11 - external anchor support surface, 12 - hemispherical support body, 13 - through hole, 2 - anchor cable locking device, 21 - clamping device, 22 - wedge, 31 - anchor cable one, 311 - anchor cable four, 312 - anchor cable five, 32 - anchor cable two, 321 - anchor cable six, 33 - anchor cable three, 331 - anchor cable seven, 332 - anchor cable eight. Specific Embodiments

[0030] The present utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present utility model. Embodiment 1

[0032] As Figure 1-8As shown in the figure, a roadway roof layer rock anchoring support assembly includes an external anchor member 1. The external anchor member 1 includes an external anchor support surface 11 and a support structure. The support structure includes a hemispherical support body 12 protruding outward and a through hole 13 located at the center of the hemispherical support body 12. A corresponding number of anchoring assemblies are arranged through the through hole 13. Among them, the external anchor member is an integrally formed structure. In this embodiment, the external anchor member is made of 40CrNiMoA alloy steel. In this embodiment, the surface of the external anchor support surface is a square structure when laid flat. The external anchor member 11 is provided with 3 support structures, including support body one, support body two, and support body three. The connection lines of the center points of the three support structures form a triangle. The three support structures are provided with anchoring assemblies through the cable anchor lock 2. The anchoring assembly includes a cable anchor and a cable anchor lock 2 matching with it. The cable anchor lock 2 includes a clamping device 21 and a wedge 22. One end of the clamping device 21 is provided with a ball head structure 22. The cable anchor lock 2 is used to lock the cable anchor. Here, the clamping device 21 can be replaced by a flat head with an adjusting shim.

[0033] Among them, the length of the cable anchor three 33 arranged in the support body three is 8m, the diameter is 46mm, and it is arranged perpendicular to the roadway surface. As Figure 7 shown, the cable anchor lock 2 and the central axis of the support structure are on the same straight line. The length of the cable anchor one 31 arranged in the support body one is 7m, the diameter is 38mm, and the included angle with the cable anchor three 33 is 20°. As Figure 8 shown, the included angle between the cable anchor lock 2 and the central axis of the support structure is 20°. The length of the cable anchor two 32 arranged in the support body two is 6m, the diameter is 38mm, and the included angle with the cable anchor three 33 is 20°. The cable anchor two 32 and the cable anchor one 31 are inclined outward in the cross section perpendicular to the axial direction relative to the cable anchor three 33.

[0034] The external anchor support surface 11 is a plane before processing, with a specification of 550mm×550mm×18mm, and the diameter of the through hole is 42mm and 50mm. Embodiment 2

[0035] As Figures 2-3As shown in [description], a rock bolting support assembly for the roadway roof layer. Based on Example 1, in this example, the external anchor support is a plane, which is a square structure. The external anchor member 11 is provided with 5 support structures, including Support Four, Support Five, Support Six, Support Seven, and Support Eight. Support Four, Support Five, Support Seven, and Support Eight are distributed in a square, and Support Six is set at the center of the square. The length of the cable anchor six 321 set in Support Six is 8m, and the diameter is 46mm, which is set perpendicular to the roadway surface. The length of the cable anchor four 311 set in Support Four is 6m, the length of the cable anchor five 312 set in Support Five is 7m, and the diameters are both 38mm, and they are inclined 15° outward on the cross-section perpendicular to the axis. The length of the cable anchor seven 331 set in Support Seven is 7m, the length of the cable anchor eight 332 set in Support Eight is 6m, and the diameters are both 38mm, and they are inclined 15° outward on the cross-section perpendicular to the axis.

[0036] Before processing, the external anchor support surface 11 is a plane, with its specifications being 550mm×550mm×16mm, and the diameter of the through hole 13 is 42mm and 50mm. Example 3

[0037] As Figure 4 shown in [description], a rock bolting support assembly for the roadway roof layer. Based on Example 2, in this example, the external anchor support surface 11 is a curved surface matching the roadway surface, and the plane before processing of this curved surface is a square structure. Example 4

[0038] As Figure 5 shown in [description], a rock bolting support assembly for the roadway roof layer. Based on Example 2, in this example, the external anchor support surface 11 is a plane, which is a circular structure, with the diameter of the circular structure being 550mm and the thickness being 20mm. Example 5

[0039] As Figure 6 shown in [description], a rock bolting support assembly for the roadway roof layer. Based on Example 4, in this example, the external anchor support surface 11 is a curved surface matching the roadway surface, and the plane before processing of this curved surface is a circular structure, with the diameter of the circular structure being 550mm and the thickness being 14mm.

[0040] Before construction, according to the occurrence conditions of the ore deposit and the mining technical conditions, the roadway is reasonably arranged, the shape, size, and support method of the roadway section are determined, and the stepped bolting support system is used in the roadway with a mining depth greater than 800m. The layout density of the stepped bolting support system increases with the increase of the mining depth.

[0041] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present utility model. For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present utility model is not limited to the details of the above-mentioned exemplary embodiments, and without departing from the spirit or basic features of the present utility model, the present utility model can be implemented in other specific forms. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive. The scope of the present utility model is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, it is intended to embrace all changes that fall within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims in the present utility model. Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the claims involved.

[0042] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of embodiments, not every embodiment only contains an independent technical solution. This narrative manner of the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. An anchor support assembly for tunnel roof strata, characterized in that: It includes an outer anchor component, which includes an outer anchor support surface and a support body structure. Each of the outer anchor components includes at least three support body structures. The support body structure includes an outwardly protruding hemispherical support body and a through hole located at the center of the hemispherical support body. A corresponding number of anchoring components are arranged through the through hole. Each of the outer anchor components includes 3-5 support body structures.

2. An anchor support assembly for tunnel roof strata as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The outer anchor support surface is a plane or a curved surface matching the tunnel roof.

3. An anchor support assembly for tunnel roof strata as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The connecting line of the center points of the supporting body structure on each outer anchor member can at least form a triangle.

4. The anchor support assembly for tunnel roof strata as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the outer anchor support surface is 10-20 mm, and the inner diameter of the through hole is 38-50 mm.

5. The anchor support assembly for tunnel roof strata as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The anchor assembly comprises an anchor cable and an anchor cable lock matched therewith, and the anchor cable lock comprises a clamp and a clip, and a ball head structure is provided at one end of the clamp.

6. An anchor support assembly for tunnel roof strata as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: Each group of anchoring assemblies includes at least two anchor cables of different diameters.

7. An anchor support assembly for tunnel roof strata as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The length of the anchor cable is not less than 6m.

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