Battery cluster

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of batteries, and particularly provides a battery cluster, which mainly solves the problem of high cost of the existing battery cluster. The battery cluster comprises a liquid cooling assembly and at least one large-capacity battery, the liquid cooling assembly comprises at least one liquid cooling plate, and a heat transfer medium is arranged in the liquid cooling plate and is used for controlling the temperature of the high-capacity battery; when the large-capacity battery is in thermal runaway, thermal runaway flue gas opens the explosion venting assembly of the large-capacity battery, enters the liquid cooling plate and is treated by the heat transfer medium. The liquid cooling plate not only can control the temperature of the high-capacity battery, but also can treat the thermal runaway flue gas when the high-capacity battery is in thermal runaway, so that the subsequent treatment cost of the thermal runaway flue gas is reduced, and the manufacturing cost of energy storage equipment is further reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of batteries, and particularly relates to a battery cluster. Background Art

[0002] With the development of new energy such as solar energy and wind energy, energy storage technology has also developed. Due to the advantages of high energy, long service life, high rated voltage, high power tolerance, and low self-discharge rate of lithium batteries, they have gradually become the mainstream products for energy storage.

[0003] With the large-scale application of lithium battery energy storage devices, the safe use of lithium-ion batteries has also attracted attention. Since a large amount of heat is generated during the charging and discharging processes of lithium-ion batteries, and this heat will gradually accumulate, resulting in uneven battery temperature. In severe cases, the thermal balance of the battery is destroyed, leading to thermal runaway of the battery, posing certain potential safety hazards.

[0004] To avoid the above safety hazards, existing energy storage devices are equipped with a temperature control system and a flue gas treatment device. The temperature control system controls the temperature of large-capacity batteries during normal operation to prevent thermal runaway of large-capacity batteries. For large-capacity batteries that have experienced thermal runaway, the flue gas treatment device is used to treat the thermal runaway flue gas generated by the large-capacity batteries with thermal runaway to avoid potential safety hazards caused by the discharge of thermal runaway flue gas. Existing energy storage devices are equipped with both a temperature control system and a flue gas treatment system, resulting in a relatively high manufacturing cost of the entire energy storage system. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The utility model provides a battery cluster, mainly solving the problem of relatively high manufacturing cost of existing battery clusters.

[0006] To solve the above problems, the technical solution provided by the utility model is as follows:

[0007] A battery cluster includes a liquid cooling component and at least one large-capacity battery; the liquid cooling component includes at least one liquid cooling plate, and the liquid cooling plate is provided with a heat transfer medium inside to control the temperature of the large-capacity battery; when the large-capacity battery experiences thermal runaway, the thermal runaway flue gas opens the explosion relief component of the large-capacity battery, and the thermal runaway flue gas enters the liquid cooling plate and is treated by the heat transfer medium.

[0008] Further, the large-capacity battery includes a housing and a plurality of single cells; the plurality of single cells are arranged in the housing in the same direction; the housing is provided with at least one shared chamber, and the inner cavity of the shared chamber is communicated with the inner cavities of all single cells; the housing top plate is provided with avoidance holes corresponding to the polarity terminals of each single cell; the polarity terminals of each single cell extend out of the avoidance holes, and the area of the housing top plate corresponding to the avoidance holes is fixedly sealed with the single cell housing.

[0009] Further, the shared chamber includes an electrolyte shared chamber and a gas shared chamber; the electrolyte shared chamber communicates with the electrolyte regions of the individual cells; the gas shared chamber communicates with the gas regions of the individual cells, or the gas shared chamber is a gas passage located between the top plate of the housing and the individual cells, and the gas passage covers the explosion relief membranes of the individual cells. When the explosion relief membrane of any individual cell is broken by the hot runaway flue gas in the inner cavity, the gas region of this individual cell communicates with the gas passage.

[0010] Further, the liquid cooling assembly includes a liquid cooling plate, which is arranged at the bottom of multiple high-capacity batteries; the explosion relief assemblies of the high-capacity batteries are all connected to the liquid cooling plate. The explosion relief assembly includes an explosion relief pipe and an explosion relief part. At least one of the electrolyte shared chamber and the gas shared chamber of each high-capacity battery communicates with one end of the explosion relief pipe, and the other end of the explosion relief pipe is connected to the liquid cooling plate. The explosion relief part is arranged at the explosion relief port of the high-capacity battery or on the explosion relief pipe.

[0011] Further, the liquid cooling assembly includes multiple liquid cooling plates, and each liquid cooling plate is respectively arranged at the bottom of each high-capacity battery; the explosion relief assemblies of the high-capacity batteries are respectively connected to the liquid cooling plate arranged at the bottom of this high-capacity battery. The explosion relief assembly includes an explosion relief pipe and an explosion relief part. At least one of the electrolyte shared chamber and the gas shared chamber of each high-capacity battery communicates with one end of the explosion relief pipe, and the other end of the explosion relief pipe is connected to the liquid cooling plate. The explosion relief part is arranged at the explosion relief port of the high-capacity battery or on the explosion relief pipe.

[0012] Further, the liquid cooling assembly includes multiple liquid cooling plates, and each liquid cooling plate is respectively arranged on the side walls of each high-capacity battery; the explosion relief assemblies of the high-capacity batteries are respectively connected to each liquid cooling plate. The explosion relief assembly includes an explosion relief pipe and an explosion relief part. One end of the explosion relief pipe communicates with the gas shared chamber of the high-capacity battery, and the other end is connected to the liquid cooling plate. The explosion relief part is arranged at the explosion relief port of the high-capacity battery or on the explosion relief pipe.

[0013] Further, the liquid cooling assembly further includes at least one heat transfer pipe, and a clamping part is arranged at the part where the polar terminal of each individual cell extends out of the avoidance hole; the heat transfer pipe is fixed on the clamping part of the polar terminal of each individual cell, and the heat transfer pipe is insulated from each individual cell.

[0014] Further, the connection port of the liquid cooling plate and the explosion relief pipe and the liquid inlet port of the liquid cooling plate are located on the same side wall of the liquid cooling plate.

[0015] Further, a partition is arranged in the liquid cooling plate, and the partition divides the inner cavity of the liquid cooling plate into a cooling chamber and a buffer chamber. The buffer chamber communicates with the explosion relief pipe. There is a heat transfer medium in the cooling chamber. At least one one-way valve is installed on the partition, so that the hot runaway flue gas enters the cooling chamber from the buffer chamber at a stable flow rate.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the technical solution of the present utility model are as follows:

[0017] 1. In the present utility model, the explosion venting component of the large-capacity battery is connected to the liquid cooling plate. When thermal runaway occurs in the large-capacity battery, the thermal runaway flue gas enters the liquid cooling plate from the explosion venting component, and the heat transfer medium in the liquid cooling plate processes the thermal runaway flue gas. This enables the liquid cooling plate to not only control the temperature of the large-capacity battery during normal operation of the large-capacity battery, but also process the thermal runaway flue gas generated by the large-capacity battery during thermal runaway, thereby reducing the subsequent processing cost of the thermal runaway flue gas and further reducing the manufacturing cost of the battery cluster.

[0018] 2. In the battery cluster of the present utility model, a large-capacity battery places multiple single cells in a single housing with a shared chamber. By using the shared chamber to communicate with the inner cavities of the individual cells located within the housing, the differences between the individual cells are reduced, and the consistency between the individual cells is improved to a certain extent, thereby improving the cycle life of the large-capacity battery to a certain extent.

[0019] 3. In the battery cluster of the present utility model, the shared chamber includes an electrolyte shared chamber and a gas shared chamber; by using the electrolyte shared chamber to communicate with the electrolyte regions of the inner cavities of the individual cells located within the housing, the electrolytes of the individual cells are shared to ensure the consistency of the individual cells, thereby improving the cycle life of the large-capacity battery to a certain extent. By using the gas shared chamber to communicate with the gas regions of the inner cavities of the individual cells located within the housing, the gas balance of the individual cells is achieved, and the consistency between the individual cells is improved to a certain extent, thereby improving the cycle life of the large-capacity battery to a certain extent.

[0020] 4. In the battery cluster of the present utility model, the liquid cooling component is arranged at the bottom of the large-capacity battery. At least one of the electrolyte shared chamber and the gas shared chamber is communicated with the explosion venting component. When thermal runaway occurs in the large-capacity battery, the thermal runaway flue gas can smoothly enter the liquid cooling plate for processing. At the same time, by arranging the liquid cooling component at the bottom of the large-capacity battery, the liquid cooling component can timely export the heat of the large-capacity battery, realizing the balanced heat dissipation of each single cell within the large-capacity battery and improving the use safety of the large-capacity battery.

[0021] 5. In the battery cluster of the present utility model, the liquid cooling component includes a plurality of liquid cooling plates, and each liquid cooling plate is respectively arranged at the bottom of each large-capacity battery. By respectively arranging liquid cooling plates at the bottoms of each large-capacity battery to perform temperature control on each large-capacity battery respectively, the use safety of the large-capacity battery is improved.

[0022] 6. In the battery cluster of the present utility model, the liquid cooling component includes a plurality of liquid cooling plates, each of which is respectively arranged on the side wall of each large-capacity battery. The gas sharing chamber is connected to the explosion relief component, and the explosion relief components of each large-capacity battery are respectively connected to each liquid cooling plate. This kind of setting enables the heat at the shell of the large-capacity battery to be conducted to the outside through the liquid cooling plate for treatment, effectively avoiding the heat accumulation between two adjacent large-capacity batteries and improving the use safety of the large-capacity battery.

[0023] 7. In the battery cluster of the present utility model, a heat transfer tube is fixed at the part where the polar terminal of each single battery extends out of the avoidance hole. The heat transfer tube is in direct contact with the polar terminal of each single battery to realize heat exchange of the electrode component inside the single battery; the heat transfer tube cooperates with the liquid cooling plate to effectively control the temperature at different positions of the entire large-capacity battery, avoiding the performance problems and safety problems caused by too high or too low temperature of the large-capacity battery, which is of great significance for the safe and stable operation of the large-capacity battery.

[0024] 8. In the battery cluster of the present utility model, the connection port of the liquid cooling plate and the explosion relief tube and the liquid inlet port of the liquid cooling plate are located on the same side wall of the liquid cooling plate. This kind of setting enables the hot runaway flue gas to be processed by the heat transfer medium in time as it flows out of the explosion relief tube along with the flow of the heat transfer medium, improving the treatment effect of the heat transfer medium on the hot runaway flue gas.

[0025] 9. In the battery cluster of the present utility model, the inner cavity of the liquid cooling plate includes a cooling chamber and a buffer chamber, and there is a one-way valve between the buffer chamber and the cooling chamber, enabling the hot runaway flue gas to enter the cooling chamber at a stable flow rate from the buffer chamber and be fully processed.

[0026] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present utility model will be partially reflected by the following description and partially understood by those skilled in the art through the research and practice of the present utility model. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present utility model. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0028] Figure 1 Structural schematic diagram of the large-capacity battery (single explosion relief) and the liquid cooling plate in Embodiment 1;

[0029] Figure 2 Structural schematic diagram of the large-capacity battery in Embodiment 1;

[0030] Figure 3Schematic diagram of the structure of the large-capacity battery (double explosion relief) and the liquid cooling plate in Embodiment 1;

[0031] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the large-capacity battery and the liquid cooling plate in Embodiment 2;

[0032] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the large-capacity battery with heat transfer tubes installed in Embodiment 4;

[0033] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the liquid cooling plate in Embodiment 5;

[0034] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the liquid cooling plate in Embodiment 5.

[0035] Reference numerals: 1 - large-capacity battery, 2 - liquid cooling plate, 3 - heat transfer tube, 11 - outer shell, 12 - single cell, 13 - polar terminal, 131 - clamping part, 14 - explosion relief component, 111 - electrolyte sharing chamber, 112 - gas sharing chamber, 141 - explosion relief tube, 142 - explosion relief part, 21 - liquid inlet port, 22 - liquid outlet port, 23 - cooling chamber, 24 - buffer chamber, 25 - one-way valve, 31 - first tube, 32 - second tube, 33 - connecting tube, 34 - insulating layer, 35 - insulating sleeve. Detailed implementation manners

[0036] To make the above objects, features, and advantages of the present utility model more apparent and understandable, the following will describe the detailed implementation manners of the present utility model with reference to the accompanying drawings of the specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0037] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present utility model. However, the present utility model can also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the connotation of the present utility model. Therefore, the present utility model is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0038] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "top, bottom", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation of the present utility model. In addition, terms such as "first, second, etc." are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0039] Research shows that when a lithium-ion battery undergoes thermal runaway, a series of chemical reactions occur inside, releasing a large amount of heat and gas. For example: SEI film decomposition reaction (90 - 120 °C), reaction between the negative electrode and the electrolyte (100 - 350 °C), electrolyte decomposition reaction (110 - 300 °C), shrinkage and melting reaction of the separator (>130 °C), reaction between the positive electrode and the electrolyte (200 - 300 °C), and binder decomposition reaction (200 - 300 °C), etc. These reactions neither occur in a fixed order nor independently. The thermal runaway flue gas discharged during the thermal runaway of a lithium-ion battery mainly includes the following components: vaporized electrolyte, CO2, CO, H2, C x H y 、C x H y O z 、C x H y F, POF3, and HF, etc. The thermal runaway flue gas not only contains combustible gases such as H2, CO, and methane, but also a large amount of electrolyte vapor. The vaporized electrolyte will not only react with the positive electrode sheet or negative electrode sheet in the battery inner cavity, but also undergo a series of decomposition reactions itself, thereby continuing to generate a large amount of harmful gases and combustible gases. After the above thermal runaway flue gas containing electrolyte and combustible gases is discharged, it is prone to accumulate and catch fire, and in severe cases, it may trigger an explosion, posing a safety hazard.

[0040] To avoid potential safety hazards caused by the discharge of thermal runaway flue gas, energy storage devices generally are equipped with thermal runaway flue gas treatment devices to treat the thermal runaway flue gas. At the same time, to prevent the battery from undergoing thermal runaway, the energy storage device is equipped with a liquid cooling component, which controls the temperature of the battery during normal operation to keep it within a suitable temperature range. The present utility model transports the thermal runaway flue gas generated by the battery to the liquid cooling plate, and the heat transfer medium in the liquid cooling plate treats the thermal runaway flue gas, thereby reducing the subsequent treatment cost of the thermal runaway flue gas and significantly reducing the cost of the energy storage device.

[0041] The above-mentioned battery is specifically a large-capacity battery with various different structures. For example, specifically, it is the large-capacity battery disclosed in Chinese patents CN117477186A, CN117477063A, and CN115275453A; such large-capacity batteries all include multiple single cells and a shared chamber that is in communication with the inner cavities of each single cell. A pressure relief component is provided on the shared chamber, and the pressure relief component is connected to the liquid cooling component.

[0042] The above-mentioned battery can also be a single cell. A pressure relief tube is connected to each single cell, and the pressure relief tube is in communication with the pressure relief port of the single cell. A pressure relief membrane is provided on the pressure relief port or the pressure relief tube of each single cell, and the pressure relief tube is connected to the liquid cooling component.

[0043] The above battery may also be a high-capacity battery disclosed in Chinese Patent CN220324596U. Such a high-capacity battery includes a housing and a plurality of single cells arranged in the housing; the housing is provided with a shared chamber, and the inner cavity of the shared chamber is communicated with the inner cavities of all single cells. At this time, a pressure relief tube is provided on the shared chamber, the pressure relief tube is communicated with the pressure relief port of the shared chamber, a pressure relief membrane is arranged on the pressure relief port or the pressure relief tube of the shared chamber, and the pressure relief tube is connected to the liquid cooling component.

[0044] Embodiment 1

[0045] As Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment provides a battery cluster, which includes a liquid cooling component and at least one high-capacity battery 1; the liquid cooling component includes at least one liquid cooling plate 2, and a heat transfer medium is provided in the liquid cooling plate 2; a pressure relief component is provided on the high-capacity battery 1, the pressure relief component includes a pressure relief tube 141 and a pressure relief part 142, one end of the pressure relief tube 141 is connected to the pressure relief port of the high-capacity battery 1, and the other end is connected to the liquid cooling plate 2, and the pressure relief part 142 is arranged on the pressure relief port of the high-capacity battery 1 or on the pressure relief tube 141. At the same time, the height of the pressure relief port of the high-capacity battery 1 is greater than the height of the heat transfer medium in the liquid cooling plate 2. When the high-capacity battery 1 is out of control thermally, the thermally out-of-control flue gas opens the pressure relief part 142, and the thermally out-of-control flue gas enters the liquid cooling plate 2 through the pressure relief tube 141 and is processed by the heat transfer medium.

[0046] In this embodiment, the pressure relief component of the high-capacity battery 1 is connected to the liquid cooling plate 2. When the high-capacity battery 1 is out of control thermally, the thermally out-of-control flue gas enters the liquid cooling plate 2 from the pressure relief component, and the heat transfer medium in the liquid cooling plate 2 processes the thermally out-of-control flue gas, so that the liquid cooling plate 2 can not only control the temperature of the high-capacity battery 1 when the high-capacity battery 1 is working normally, but also process the thermally out-of-control flue gas generated by the high-capacity battery 1 when the high-capacity battery 1 is out of control thermally, thereby reducing the subsequent processing cost of the thermally out-of-control flue gas and greatly reducing the manufacturing cost of the energy storage device.

[0047] As Figure 2 As shown, the high-capacity battery 1 in this embodiment includes a housing 11 and a plurality of single cells 12, and the plurality of single cells 12 are arranged in the housing 11 along the same direction. The housing 11 is provided with a shared chamber, and the inner cavity of the shared chamber is communicated with the inner cavities of all single cells 12. The single cells 12 in this embodiment are square shell batteries, and the quantity can be adjusted according to actual needs. The inner cavity of each single cell 12 includes an electrolyte area and a gas area.

[0048] As Figure 2As shown, after multiple single cells 12 are arranged in the same direction and placed in the housing 11, relief holes are provided on the top plate of the housing 11 corresponding to the polar terminals 13 of each single cell 12. The polar terminals 13 of each single cell 12 extend out of the corresponding relief holes to serve as the polar terminals of the large-capacity battery 1 (the polar terminals 13 of all the single cells 12 on one side serve as the positive polar terminals of the large-capacity battery 1, and the polar terminals 13 of all the single cells 12 on the other side serve as the negative polar terminals of the large-capacity battery 1). The area of the top plate of the housing 11 corresponding to the relief holes is fixedly sealed with the housing of the single cell 12, so that the gap between the polar terminal 13 and the relief hole is sealed.

[0049] It should be noted that the polar terminal 13 of the single cell 12 here can be the pole column of the single cell 12. If it is necessary to avoid the pole column of the single cell 12 as the polar terminal 13 from not being able to smoothly extend out of the relief hole, a pole column adapter can also be connected to the pole column of the single cell 12, and the overall structure formed by the cooperation of the pole column of the single cell 12 and the pole column adapter is used as the polar terminal 13 of the single cell 12.

[0050] The shared chamber in the housing 11 above can be an electrolyte shared chamber 111. The electrolyte shared chamber 111 is a liquid channel provided on the bottom plate of the housing 11. The inner cavity of the electrolyte shared chamber 111 is communicated with the electrolyte regions in the inner cavities of all the single cells 12. Through the electrolyte shared chamber 111, each single cell 12 can be in a unified electrolyte environment, ensuring the uniformity of the electrolyte in each single cell 12 and improving the performance and charge-discharge cycle life of the large-capacity battery 1.

[0051] The shared chamber in the housing 11 above can be a gas shared chamber 112. The gas shared chamber 112 is a gas channel provided on the top plate of the housing 11. The inner cavity of the gas shared chamber 112 is communicated with the gas regions in the inner cavities of all the single cells 12. Through the gas shared chamber 112, the gas balance of each single cell 12 is achieved, and the performance and charge-discharge cycle life of the large-capacity battery 1 can also be improved.

[0052] The shared chamber above can be a gas-liquid shared chamber. The inner cavity of the gas-liquid shared chamber is communicated with both the electrolyte region and the gas region in the inner cavities of all the single cells 12. Through one gas-liquid shared chamber, each single cell 12 can be in a unified electrolyte environment and gas environment, improving the performance and charge-discharge cycle life of the large-capacity battery 1. Specifically, when setting, a protrusion extending along the arrangement direction of the single cells 12 is provided on the side wall of the housing 11, and a gas-liquid shared chamber is formed at the protrusion part. The gas-liquid shared chamber is communicated with both the electrolyte region and the gas region of each single cell 12.

[0053] The above-mentioned shared chamber may also include an electrolyte shared chamber 111 and a gas shared chamber 112 simultaneously. The inner cavity of the electrolyte shared chamber 111 communicates with the electrolyte regions in the inner cavities of all the single cells 12, and the inner cavity of the gas shared chamber 112 communicates with the gas regions in the inner cavities of all the single cells 12. Placing a plurality of single cells 12 inside a single housing 11 having an electrolyte shared chamber 111 and a gas shared chamber 112 enables the sharing of the electrolyte and gas of each single cell 12 to ensure the consistency of each single cell 12, bringing the electrolytes and gases of all the single cells 12 under the same system, reducing the differences between the single cells 12, and improving the consistency between the single cells 12 to a certain extent, thereby improving the cycle life of the large-capacity battery 1 to a certain extent.

[0054] The above-mentioned shared chamber may also include an electrolyte shared chamber 111 and a gas shared chamber 112 simultaneously. The inner cavity of the electrolyte shared chamber 111 communicates with the electrolyte regions in the inner cavities of all the single cells 12, and the gas shared chamber 112 is a gas passage located between the top plate of the housing 11 and each single cell 12. This gas passage covers the explosion vent part (specifically, it can be an explosion vent film) of each single cell 12. When the explosion vent part of any single cell 12 is broken through by the hot runaway flue gas in the inner cavity, the gas region in the inner cavity of this single cell 12 communicates with the inner cavity of the gas chamber. This gas shared chamber 112 is used as an explosion vent passage. That is, during the normal operation of the large-capacity battery 1, the inner cavities of each single cell 12 do not communicate with the explosion vent passage. When any single cell 12 experiences a thermal runaway, when the explosion vent part at the top of this single cell 12 is opened by the flue gas in the inner cavity, the inner cavity of this single cell 12 communicates with the explosion vent passage, and the hot runaway flue gas is discharged through the explosion vent passage, improving the safety of the large-capacity battery 1.

[0055] To improve the heat dissipation performance of such large-capacity batteries 1, a liquid cooling component is provided on the large-capacity battery 1 for temperature control of the large-capacity battery 1. This liquid cooling component is mainly a liquid cooling plate 2 that exchanges heat with the housing 11 of each large-capacity battery 1. The liquid cooling plate 2 is provided with a liquid inlet port 21 and a liquid outlet port 22. The liquid cooling plate 2 is connected to a temperature control pipeline through the liquid inlet port 21 and the liquid outlet port 22 to realize the circulation of the heat transfer medium. Subsequently, the temperature control pipeline is connected to a temperature control device, and the temperature control device heats and cools the heat transfer medium. The temperature control pipeline specifically includes a liquid inlet pipeline component and a liquid return pipeline component. The temperature control device is a device with heating and / or cooling functions, such as a heat pump or a water chiller, etc.

[0056] When the temperature of the high-capacity battery 1 is higher than the set threshold, a heat transfer medium with a lower temperature is passed into the liquid cooling plate 2 to exchange heat with the high-capacity battery 1, thereby cooling the high-capacity battery 1. When the temperature of the high-capacity battery 1 is lower than the set threshold, a heat transfer medium with a higher temperature is passed into the liquid cooling plate 2 to heat the high-capacity battery 1; by controlling the temperature of the heat transfer medium, it can be ensured that the high-capacity battery 1 always operates at a normal working temperature.

[0057] In this embodiment, the liquid cooling plate assembly is arranged at the bottom of the high-capacity battery 1, that is, on the bottom plate of the outer shell 11 of the high-capacity battery 1. The liquid cooling plate assembly can timely export the heat of the high-capacity battery 1, realize the balanced heat dissipation of each single battery 12 in the high-capacity battery 1, and improve the use safety of the high-capacity battery 1. At the same time, by arranging the liquid cooling plate assembly at the bottom of the high-capacity battery 1, the liquid cooling plate assembly is in contact with the electrolyte sharing chamber 111 at the bottom plate of the outer shell 11, which can further reduce the temperature of the free electrolyte in the electrolyte sharing chamber 111, and then optimize the heat dissipation effect of the entire high-capacity battery; when any single battery 12 has a thermal runaway, the free electrolyte in the electrolyte sharing chamber 111 absorbs heat and vaporizes, exacerbating the thermal runaway. In this embodiment, the liquid cooling plate 2 is arranged on the bottom plate of the outer shell 11 and is in direct contact with the electrolyte sharing chamber 111 to cool the free electrolyte in the electrolyte sharing chamber 111, slow down the vaporization of the free electrolyte, and then slow down the process of thermal runaway of the entire high-capacity battery 1, improving the safety performance of the entire high-capacity battery 1.

[0058] Specifically, the number of the liquid cooling plates 2 is set according to requirements:

[0059] First, there is one liquid cooling plate 2, which is arranged below multiple high-capacity batteries 1 and is used to control the temperature of multiple high-capacity batteries 1. Setting one liquid cooling plate 2 for multiple high-capacity batteries 1 makes the production of the liquid cooling plate 2 relatively convenient;

[0060] Second, the liquid cooling plate assembly includes multiple liquid cooling plates 2, and each liquid cooling plate 2 is respectively arranged at the bottom of each high-capacity battery 1. By respectively arranging the liquid cooling plates 2 at the bottoms of each high-capacity battery 1 to control the temperature of each high-capacity battery 1 respectively, the use safety of the high-capacity battery 1 is improved.

[0061] In addition, the above-mentioned liquid cooling plate 2 arranged at the bottom of the high-capacity battery 1 also has a certain supporting effect. In order to improve the supporting strength of the liquid cooling plate 2, the liquid cooling plate 2 made of a metal material is selected in this embodiment. In addition, arranging the liquid cooling plate at the bottom of the high-capacity battery 1 can also improve the flatness of the bottom of the high-capacity battery 1, and when placed, the high-capacity battery 1 has better stability.

[0062] When the outer shell 11 of the large-capacity battery 1 is electrified, insulation should be ensured between the liquid cooling plate 2 and the large-capacity battery 1. Usually, insulation treatment can be carried out on the outer shell 11 of the large-capacity battery 1 or the liquid cooling plate 2. For example, insulating paint can be sprayed on the surface of the outer shell 11 of the large-capacity battery 1 or the liquid cooling plate 2, or a layer of insulating material can be coated, or an insulating pad can be added between the two, or the liquid cooling plate 2 can be prepared with a relatively hard insulating material, etc.

[0063] As Figure 1 shown, to ensure that when the large-capacity battery 1 undergoes thermal runaway, the thermal runaway flue gas inside it can be discharged smoothly and to avoid potential safety hazards such as explosion inside the outer shell of the large-capacity battery 1, a pressure relief component is provided on the outer shell 11 of the large-capacity battery 1. The pressure relief component includes a pressure relief pipe 141 and a pressure relief part 142. One end of the pressure relief pipe 141 is connected to the pressure relief port of the large-capacity battery 1, and the other end is connected to the liquid cooling plate 2. The pressure relief part 142 is provided on the pressure relief pipe 141 or at the pressure relief port of the large-capacity battery 1. Among them, the pressure relief part 142 can specifically be a pressure relief membrane or a pressure relief valve.

[0064] As Figure 1 and Figure 3 shown, the above-mentioned pressure relief component 14 is provided on the outer shell 11 of the large-capacity battery 1 and is connected to at least one of the electrolyte sharing chamber 111 and the gas sharing chamber 112. When both the electrolyte sharing chamber 111 and the gas sharing chamber 112 are connected to the pressure relief component 14, two groups of pressure relief components 14 are provided on the outer shell 11. The two groups of pressure relief components 14 are respectively connected to the electrolyte sharing chamber 111 and the gas sharing chamber 112. Subsequently, both groups of pressure relief components 14 are connected to the liquid cooling plate 2. This setting enables the large-capacity battery 1 to have two pressure relief channels. When any single battery 12 undergoes thermal runaway, the thermal runaway flue gas is discharged from different pressure relief channels, and the heat and thermal runaway flue gas accumulated in the pressure relief channels and the single battery 12 can be reduced in a short time, reducing the explosion risk.

[0065] During specific connection, the height of the pressure relief port of the large-capacity battery 1 is greater than the liquid level height of the heat transfer medium in the liquid cooling plate 2. When the large-capacity battery 1 undergoes thermal runaway, the internal thermal runaway flue gas opens the pressure relief part 142, and the thermal runaway flue gas enters the liquid cooling plate 2 through the pressure relief pipe 141. The heat transfer medium in the liquid cooling plate 2 can cool and process the thermal runaway flue gas. At the same time, since the heat transfer medium is in a flowing state in the liquid cooling plate 2, the heat transfer medium continuously cools and processes the thermal runaway flue gas discharged from the large-capacity battery. In addition, since the heat transfer medium is always in a flowing state in the liquid cooling plate, it can further cool the inside of the large-capacity battery, can reduce the temperature rise amplitude inside the large-capacity battery to a certain extent, slow down the vaporization of the free electrolyte, and thus slow down the thermal runaway process of the entire large-capacity battery 1, improving the safety performance of the entire large-capacity battery 1.

[0066] In this embodiment, the connection port between the liquid cooling plate 2 and the explosion vent pipe 141 and the liquid inlet port 21 of the liquid cooling plate 2 can also be arranged on the same side wall of the liquid cooling plate 2. This arrangement enables the hot runaway flue gas flowing out of the explosion vent pipe 141 to be promptly processed by the heat transfer medium as it flows along with the heat transfer medium, thereby enhancing the treatment effect of the heat transfer medium on the hot runaway flue gas.

[0067] After connecting the explosion vent assembly of the large-capacity battery 1 to the liquid cooling plate 2, during normal operation, the liquid cooling plate 2 controls the temperature of the large-capacity battery 1 during operation to keep it within a suitable temperature range. When the large-capacity battery 1 experiences thermal runaway, the hot runaway flue gas inside the outer shell 11 opens the explosion vent part 142, and the hot runaway flue gas enters the liquid cooling plate 2 through the explosion vent pipe 141. Since the height of the explosion vent on the outer shell 11 is greater than the height of the heat transfer medium in the liquid cooling plate 2, and at the same time, because the hot runaway flue gas is a gas with a certain pressure, the heat transfer medium in the liquid cooling plate 2 will not enter the large-capacity battery 1. After the hot runaway flue gas enters the liquid cooling plate 2 through the explosion vent pipe 141, due to the heat transfer medium in the liquid cooling plate 2 being in a flowing state, the electrolyte and some gases in the hot runaway flue gas are processed by the heat transfer medium in the liquid cooling plate 2. As the heat transfer medium continuously flows, the hot runaway flue gas is continuously processed by the heat transfer medium.

[0068] The heat transfer medium in the above-mentioned liquid cooling plate 2 can specifically be fluorinated liquid, water, ethylene glycol / water, propylene glycol / ethylene glycol / water, etc. The above heat transfer medium can dissolve a certain amount of the electrolyte and some gases in the hot runaway flue gas. However, the processed gas may still be flammable.

[0069] Embodiment 2

[0070] As Figure 4 shown, this embodiment is similar to Embodiment 1. The difference is that the liquid cooling plate assembly in this embodiment includes multiple liquid cooling plates 2, and each liquid cooling plate 2 is respectively arranged on the side wall of each large-capacity battery 1. The gas sharing chamber 112 of the large-capacity battery 1 is generally arranged at the top of the outer shell 11. After the gas sharing chamber 112 is connected to the explosion vent assembly, the hot runaway flue gas discharged from the top of the outer shell 11 can smoothly enter each liquid cooling plate 2 for treatment.

[0071] When the gas sharing chamber 112 is connected to the inner cavities of each single battery 12, the explosion vent part 142 of the explosion vent assembly 14 can specifically be an explosion vent film or an explosion vent valve, which is arranged on the explosion vent of the large-capacity battery 1 or on the explosion vent pipe 141. When the large-capacity battery 1 experiences thermal runaway, the hot runaway flue gas opens the explosion vent part, and the hot runaway flue gas in the gas sharing chamber 112 enters the liquid cooling plate 2 through the explosion vent pipe 141, and the heat transfer medium processes the hot runaway flue gas.

[0072] When the gas sharing chamber 112 is not connected to the inner cavity of each single cell 12, the explosion venting part 142 of the explosion venting component 14 can specifically be a one-way valve or a pressure valve, etc., which is arranged on the explosion venting pipe 141. When the large-capacity battery 1 is operating normally, the one-way valve or the pressure valve disconnects the gas sharing chamber 112 from the liquid cooling plate 2, ensuring that the inner cavity of the outer shell 11 is in a closed state. When the large-capacity battery 1 undergoes thermal runaway, when the explosion venting part 142 of any single cell 12 is broken through by the hot runaway flue gas in the inner cavity, the hot runaway flue gas enters the gas passage. Subsequently, the hot runaway flue gas opens the one-way valve or the pressure valve, and the hot runaway flue gas enters the liquid cooling plate 2 through the gas passage, and the heat transfer medium processes the hot runaway flue gas.

[0073] In this embodiment, the liquid cooling plate 2 is arranged on the side wall of each large-capacity battery 1, and each liquid cooling plate 2 can also apply a clamping force to the side wall of the large-capacity battery, avoiding the tearing of the side wall of the single cell under the action of air pressure when the single cell undergoes thermal runaway. At the same time, when any single cell undergoes thermal runaway, the free electrolyte in the electrolyte sharing chamber 111 absorbs heat and vaporizes, exacerbating the thermal runaway. In this embodiment, the liquid cooling plate 2 is clamped around the electrolyte sharing chamber 111 to cool the free electrolyte in the electrolyte sharing chamber, slowing down the vaporization of the free electrolyte, and thus slowing down the process of thermal runaway of the entire large-capacity battery and improving the safety performance of the entire large-capacity battery.

[0074] Embodiment 3

[0075] This embodiment is similar to Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2. The difference is that in this embodiment, the liquid cooling plate assembly includes a plurality of liquid cooling plates 2, and the liquid cooling plates 2 are arranged on both the side wall and the bottom of each large-capacity battery 1. At this time, the liquid cooling plate arranged at the bottom of the large-capacity battery 1 is connected to the electrolyte sharing chamber 111 of the large-capacity battery 1 through the explosion venting component 14, and the liquid cooling plate 2 arranged on the side wall of the large-capacity battery 1 is connected to the gas sharing chamber 112 of the large-capacity battery 1 through the explosion venting component 14.

[0076] The above liquid cooling plate assembly can simultaneously perform heat exchange with the side wall and the bottom of the large-capacity battery 1, effectively dissipate heat from all directions of the side wall and the bottom of the large-capacity battery, greatly improve the heat dissipation performance of the large-capacity battery, effectively control the temperature at different positions of the entire large-capacity battery 1, and avoid performance problems and safety problems caused by too high or too low temperature of the large-capacity battery 1, which is of great significance for the safe and stable operation of the large-capacity battery 1.

[0077] In addition, in this embodiment, the liquid cooling plate 2 is arranged at the bottom of the large-capacity battery and the side wall of the large-capacity battery outer shell, directly acting on the free electrolyte in the large-capacity battery outer shell, cooling the free electrolyte, slowing down the vaporization of the free electrolyte, and thus slowing down the process of thermal runaway of the entire large-capacity battery and improving the safety performance of the entire large-capacity battery.

[0078] Meanwhile, the liquid cooling plate 2 at the bottom of the large-capacity battery 1 is connected to the electrolyte sharing chamber 111 of the large-capacity battery 1 through the explosion venting component 14, and the liquid cooling plate 2 on the side wall of the large-capacity battery 1 is connected to the gas sharing chamber 112 of the large-capacity battery 1 through the explosion venting component 14, enabling the large-capacity battery 1 to have two explosion venting channels. When any single battery 12 undergoes thermal runaway, the thermal runaway flue gas is discharged from different explosion venting channels, and the heat and thermal runaway flue gas accumulated in the explosion venting channels and the single battery 12 can be reduced in a short time, reducing the explosion risk. At the same time, the thermal runaway flue gas in the electrolyte sharing chamber 111 and the gas sharing chamber 112 is processed by the heat transfer medium in different liquid cooling plates 2, improving the treatment effect of the thermal runaway flue gas.

[0079] Embodiment 4

[0080] This embodiment is similar to Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2, and Embodiment 3. The difference is that the liquid cooling component in this embodiment further includes at least one heat transfer tube 3, which is installed on the polar terminals 13 of each single battery 12, mainly used to control the temperature at the top of the large-capacity battery 1, especially at the polar terminals 13 of each single battery 12, to ensure that the large-capacity battery 1 operates within the optimal temperature range.

[0081] The heat transfer tube 3 cooperates with the liquid cooling plate 2 to effectively control the temperature at different positions of the entire large-capacity battery 1, avoiding performance problems and safety problems caused by too high or too low temperature of the large-capacity battery 1, which is of great significance for the safe and stable operation of the large-capacity battery 1.

[0082] As Figure 2 shown, during specific installation, a clamping portion 131 is provided at the part where the polar terminal 13 of each single battery 12 extends out of the avoidance hole, and each heat transfer tube 3 is fixedly connected to the clamping portion 131 of each single battery 12 one by one, enabling the heat transfer tube 3 to be directly connected to the polar terminal 13 of each single battery 12, and timely conducting the heat on the polar terminal 13 where the heat is relatively concentrated, improving the heat dissipation effect at the top of the large-capacity battery 1. In addition, when the temperature of the large-capacity battery 1 is lower than the set threshold, a heat transfer medium with a higher temperature is introduced into the heat transfer tube 3 to heat up the large-capacity battery 1; by controlling the temperature of the heat transfer medium, it can be ensured that the large-capacity battery 1 always operates at the normal working temperature.

[0083] As Figure 2As shown, when the above-mentioned heat transfer tube 3 is specifically installed, a through groove or through hole is opened at the part where the polar terminal 13 of the single battery 12 extends out of the avoidance hole, serving as the clamping part 131. Compared with the through hole, the through groove is more convenient for on-site installation and has relatively less demanding installation requirements. For the above-mentioned through groove setting, the cross-section of the through groove is in a C shape or a U shape. For the through groove with a C-shaped cross-section, the opening width is smaller than the widest part of the through groove. Such a design is conducive to the interference fit of the heat transfer tube 3 in the through groove. The arcs formed at both ends of the C-shaped through groove have natural tension, which is conducive to tightly clamping the heat transfer tube 3 in the through groove.

[0084] As Figure 5 shown, the above-mentioned heat transfer tube 3 is a pipeline with a heat exchange function, and there is no requirement for the cross-sectional shape of the heat transfer tube 3, as long as it can contact the polar terminal 13 of the single battery 12 for heat exchange. For example, square tubes, elliptical tubes, circular tubes, etc. can be used. In this embodiment, the heat transfer tube 3 is preferably a circular tube, which is convenient for installation and can be made of existing metal tubes, with relatively low cost.

[0085] At the same time, to improve the heat exchange effect, the heat transfer tube 3 is made of a metal tube with good thermal conductivity. For example, aluminum tubes, copper tubes, etc. Preferably, the above-mentioned heat transfer tube 3 is made of an aluminum tube with good heat conduction effect and relatively low cost. To ensure the heat conduction effect, the thinner the wall thickness of the aluminum tube, the better. However, if the wall thickness of the aluminum tube is too thin, the aluminum tube is relatively soft and is prone to bending and damage during installation. Therefore, the wall thickness of the aluminum tube is preferably 0.5 mm to 1 mm. The aluminum tube with this wall thickness can maintain its installation reliability while having good heat conduction performance, avoiding the risk of bending and damage when the wall thickness of the aluminum tube is relatively thin. During specific use, the diameter of the aluminum tube is generally about 10 mm to 20 mm.

[0086] The above-mentioned heat transfer tube 3 mainly realizes heat exchange with the polar terminals of each single battery. Among them, the polar terminals 13 of all single batteries 12 on one side serve as the first polar terminals of the large-capacity battery 1, and the polar terminals 13 of all single batteries 12 on the other side serve as the second polar terminals of the large-capacity battery 1. The heat transfer tube 3 can specifically adopt the following structures to achieve:

[0087] First, the heat transfer tube can be made of a whole tube. The entire metal tube is bent to form a U-shaped tube, and the two straight tubes of the U-shaped tube are respectively fixed on the first polar terminal and the second polar terminal of the large-capacity battery;

[0088] Second, the heat transfer tube includes an L-shaped first tube section and a second tube section; the first tube section is fixed on the first polar terminal in the large-capacity battery; the second tube section is fixed on the second polar terminal of the large-capacity battery, and the relatively shorter tube sections of the first tube section and the second tube section are connected through a joint;

[0089] Third, as Figure 5As shown in the figure, the heat transfer tube 3 mainly includes a first tube 31, a second tube 32, and a connecting tube 33; the first tube 31 is fixed on the first polar terminal 13 of the large-capacity battery 1; the second tube 32 is fixed on the second polar terminal 13 of the large-capacity battery 1, and both ends of the connecting tube 33 are connected to the ports on the same side of the first tube 31 and the second tube 32 respectively.

[0090] For the convenience of installation, the heat transfer tube 3 is preferably a spliced pipeline of the third type. At the same time, the connecting tube 33 of the above spliced heat transfer tube 3 can be made of a flexible tube. After the first tube 31 and the second tube 32 are connected by the flexible tube, it is convenient to install the first tube 31 and the second tube 32 on the first polar terminal and the second polar terminal of the large-capacity battery 1 respectively, improving the installability of the heat transfer tube 3 on the large-capacity battery 1. At the same time, the flexible tube is an insulating flexible tube, improving the insulation between the large-capacity battery 1 and the heat transfer tube 3. When specifically connecting, the insulating flexible tube is fixedly connected to the first tube 31 and the second tube 32 by a clamp.

[0091] In addition, when the large-capacity battery 1 is working, the temperature of the positive-polarity terminal 13 is higher than that of the negative-polarity terminal 13. At this time, the port of the first tube 31 is used as the liquid inlet port 21 of the heat transfer tube 3, and the port of the second tube 32 is used as the liquid outlet port 22 of the heat transfer tube 3. At the same time, the first tube 31 of the heat transfer tube 3 is connected to the positive-polarity terminal 13 of the large-capacity battery 1, and the second tube 32 is connected to the negative-polarity terminal 13 of the large-capacity battery 1. When the heat transfer tube 3 exchanges heat with the large-capacity battery 1, the heat transfer medium in the heat transfer tube 3 first exchanges heat with the relatively high-temperature positive-polarity terminal 13, and then exchanges heat with the negative-polarity terminal 13, so that the temperatures of the positive-polarity terminal 13 and the negative-polarity terminal 13 are relatively balanced, thereby improving the reliability of the large-capacity battery 1 during operation.

[0092] After the above heat transfer tube 3 is connected to the polar terminal 13 of the large-capacity battery 1, in order to ensure the safety of the large-capacity battery 1 during operation, insulation needs to be carried out between the heat transfer tube 3 and the polar terminal 13 of the large-capacity battery 1. The specific insulation can be achieved through the following methods:

[0093] First, perform insulation treatment on the polar terminal 13;

[0094] Perform insulation treatment on the polar terminals 13 of each single battery 12. Specifically, an insulating layer 34 is provided on the part of the polar terminal 13 of each single battery 12 in contact with the heat transfer tube 3. The insulating layer 34 can be a ceramic coating such as boron nitride, alumina, or copper fluoride coating, or an insulating paint layer formed by coating, or a hard anodized layer formed after oxidation treatment, or an enamel insulating layer 34, etc.; when specifically setting, the insulating layer 34 is formed on the groove wall of the through groove or the hole wall of the through hole of the polar terminal 13;

[0095] Second, set an insulating and heat-conducting member between the polar terminal 13 and the heat transfer tube 3;

[0096] An insulating and heat-conducting member is provided between the polar terminals 13 of each single cell 12 and the heat transfer tube 3. For example, an insulating plastic pad, an insulating rubber pad, a heat-conducting ceramic pad, etc. are provided between the polar terminals 13 of each single cell 12 and the heat transfer tube 3;

[0097] Third, insulate the heat transfer tube 3;

[0098] When insulating the heat transfer tube 3, the heat transfer tube 3 made of an insulating material can be used to achieve insulation. For example, a plastic tube or a ceramic tube, etc. However, currently, for a metal tube, the heat conductivity of a plastic tube or a ceramic tube is relatively poor. Therefore, the heat transfer tube 3 is preferably a metal tube. At this time, as Figure 5 shown, an insulating layer 34 or an insulating sleeve 35 is provided on the metal tube to ensure the insulation between the metal tube and the large-capacity battery 1 during use. Preferably, both an insulating layer 34 and an insulating sleeve 35 are provided on the heat transfer tube 3 to form a double-insulation structure; this double-insulation setting enables the heat transfer tube 3 to maintain reliable insulation performance with the large-capacity battery 1 even if one of the insulating layer 34 or the insulating sleeve 35 is damaged during the heat exchange between the heat transfer tube 3 and the large-capacity battery 1, thereby improving the safety of the large-capacity battery 1 during use.

[0099] When an insulating layer 34 is provided on the aluminum tube, the insulating layer 34 is formed on the tube wall of the aluminum tube and is an integral structure with the aluminum tube. Specifically, it can be realized in the following several ways:

[0100] First, form a ceramic coating, that is, a high-temperature electrical insulation coating, on the tube wall of the aluminum tube to form the insulating layer 34. The ceramic coating can specifically be a boron nitride, aluminum oxide, or copper fluoride coating; however, the insulating layer 34 formed in this way is prone to peeling off and has a relatively high processing cost;

[0101] Second, coat a layer of insulating material (such as insulating paint, etc.) on the surface of the tube wall of the aluminum tube to form the insulating layer 34; this method is convenient for processing and implementation and has a relatively low processing cost;

[0102] Third, form an enamel insulating layer 34 on the tube wall of the aluminum tube. The enamel insulating layer 34 is formed on the outer tube wall of the aluminum tube and is an integral structure with the aluminum tube;

[0103] Fourth, perform an oxidation treatment on the aluminum tube to form the insulating layer 34; the oxidation treatment utilizes the chemical reaction between the metal surface and oxygen to form an oxide film to improve the insulation performance of the metal surface. For example, an electrochemical oxidation method, etc. Specifically, perform an oxidation treatment on the aluminum tube to form a hard anodized layer. The insulating layer 34 formed by this method is not prone to peeling off and has relatively good insulation performance.

[0104] It should be noted that the above-mentioned pipe wall can be the outer pipe wall of the aluminum pipe or the inner pipe wall, preferably the outer pipe wall. The thicker the hard anodized layer formed by the anodizing treatment, the better the insulation performance. However, its heat conduction performance will be reduced. In this embodiment, the thickness of the above-mentioned hard anodized layer is preferably 20um to 50um. The hard anodized layer of this thickness not only ensures the insulation performance but also enables the side wall of the aluminum pipe to have better heat conduction performance.

[0105] The above-mentioned insulating sleeve 35 can be specifically made of an insulating material with good heat conduction performance, so that it has excellent heat conduction performance and good insulation performance at the same time. In this embodiment, the insulating sleeve 35 is a heat-conducting plastic sleeve or a heat-conducting rubber sleeve with good insulation performance and heat conduction performance, such as a heat-conducting silica gel sleeve, etc. At the same time, the thickness of the insulating sleeve 35 is preferably 0.1mm to 1.5mm. This thickness can ensure good heat conduction performance while ensuring excellent insulation performance. The cross-sectional shape of the insulating sleeve 35 can be circular, U-shaped, or C-shaped, as long as it can be sleeved on the aluminum pipe with the insulating layer 34 to achieve insulation at the contact between the aluminum pipe and the polar terminal 13 of the single battery 12. At the same time, the cross-sectional shape of the above-mentioned insulating sleeve 35 is preferably the same as the cross-sectional shape of the aluminum pipe, so that the insulating sleeve 35 can be tightly nested on the aluminum pipe to improve the heat conduction performance of the aluminum pipe. In addition, when the insulating sleeve 35 is installed and matched with the heat transfer pipe 3, the size of the insulating sleeve 35 is set slightly smaller than the size of the heat transfer pipe 3, so that the insulating sleeve 35 can be tightly nested on the heat transfer pipe 3 with the insulating layer 34, or the insulating sleeve 35 can also be sleeved on the heat transfer pipe 3 with the insulating layer 34 by heat shrinkage.

[0106] Embodiment 5

[0107] As Figure 6 and Figure 7 shown, this embodiment is similar to Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2, Embodiment 3, and Embodiment 4. The difference is that the structure of the liquid cooling plate 2 in this embodiment is different. The inner cavity of the liquid cooling plate 2 in this embodiment includes a cooling chamber 23 and a buffer chamber 24. The buffer chamber 24 is communicated with the explosion vent pipe 141. There is a heat transfer medium in the cooling chamber 23. There is a one-way valve 25 between the buffer chamber 24 and the cooling chamber 23, so that the thermal runaway smoke enters the cooling chamber 23 from the buffer chamber 24 at a stable flow rate.

[0108] When the large-capacity battery 1 is working normally, due to the existence of the one-way valve 25, the heat transfer medium flows in the cooling chamber 23 and will not enter the buffer chamber 24. When the large-capacity battery 1 has a thermal runaway, the thermal runaway smoke in the inner cavity opens the explosion vent part 142, and the thermal runaway smoke first enters the buffer chamber 24 through the explosion vent pipe 141, and then enters the cooling chamber 23 through the one-way valve 25 and is processed by the heat transfer medium.

[0109] For ease of description, the length direction of the liquid cooling plate 2 and the housing 11 is defined as the x-direction, the width direction is defined as the y-direction, and the height direction is defined as the z-direction.

[0110] As Figure 6 shown, when the liquid cooling plate 2 is disposed at the bottom of the large-capacity battery 1, a partition can be added in the liquid cooling plate 2. A one-way valve 25 is provided on the partition. The partition divides the inner cavity of the liquid cooling plate 2 into a cooling chamber 23 and a buffer chamber 24. The cooling chamber 23 and the buffer chamber 24 can be arranged along the x-direction or discharged along the y-direction.

[0111] As Figure 7 shown, when the liquid cooling plate 2 is disposed on the side wall of the large-capacity battery 1, a partition can be added in the liquid cooling plate 2. A one-way valve 25 is provided on the partition. The partition divides the inner cavity of the liquid cooling plate 2 into a cooling chamber 23 and a buffer chamber 24. The cooling chamber 23 and the buffer chamber 24 can be arranged along the z-direction.

[0112] The above-mentioned setting of the buffer chamber 24, when the large-capacity battery 1 initially explodes, the high-temperature and high-pressure thermal runaway flue gas inside first enters the buffer chamber 24. The buffer chamber 24 buffers the thermal runaway flue gas, slows down the speed of the thermal runaway flue gas, and reduces the pressure of the thermal runaway flue gas, so that the thermal runaway flue gas enters the cooling chamber 23 at a relatively stable flow rate, so that the heat transfer medium can process the thermal runaway flue gas more fully, improving the treatment effect of the thermal runaway flue gas.

Claims

1. A battery cluster, characterized in that: including a liquid cooling assembly and at least one high-capacity battery; The liquid cooling assembly includes at least one liquid cooling plate, wherein a heat transfer medium is provided in the liquid cooling plate to control the temperature of the large-capacity battery; When a large-capacity battery experiences thermal runaway, the thermal runaway smoke opens the explosion venting component of the large-capacity battery, and the thermal runaway smoke enters the liquid cooling plate and is processed by the heat transfer medium.

2. The battery cluster according to claim 1, characterized in that: The large-capacity battery comprises a shell and a plurality of single cells; the plurality of single cells are arranged in the shell in the same direction; the shell is provided with at least one shared chamber, the inner cavity of the shared chamber is connected with the inner cavities of all the single cells; avoidance holes are provided on the top plate of the shell corresponding to the polarity terminals of each single cell; the polarity terminals of each single cell extend out of the avoidance holes, and the top plate area of ​​the shell corresponding to the avoidance holes is fixedly sealed with the shell of the single cell.

3. The battery cluster according to claim 2, characterized in that: The shared chamber includes an electrolyte shared chamber and a gas shared chamber; the electrolyte shared chamber is connected to the electrolyte area of ​​each single cell; the gas shared chamber is connected to the gas area of ​​each single cell, or the gas shared chamber is a gas channel located between the top plate of the outer shell and each single cell, and the gas channel covers the explosion-proof membrane of each single cell. When the explosion-proof membrane of any single cell is broken by the thermal runaway smoke in the inner cavity, the gas area and the gas channel of the single cell are connected.

4. The battery cluster according to claim 3, characterized in that: The liquid cooling assembly includes a liquid cooling plate, which is arranged at the bottom of a plurality of large-capacity batteries; The explosion venting components of the large-capacity batteries are all connected to the liquid cooling plate. The explosion venting components include an explosion venting pipe and an explosion venting part. At least one of the electrolyte shared chamber and the gas shared chamber of each large-capacity battery is connected to one end of the explosion venting pipe, and the other end of the explosion venting pipe is connected to the liquid cooling plate. The explosion venting part is arranged on the explosion venting port of the large-capacity battery or on the explosion venting pipe.

5. The battery cluster according to claim 3, characterized in that: The liquid cooling assembly includes a plurality of liquid cooling plates, each of which is arranged at the bottom of each large capacity battery; The explosion relief components of each large-capacity battery are respectively connected to the liquid cooling plate arranged at the bottom of the large-capacity battery, and the explosion relief components include an explosion relief pipe and an explosion relief part. At least one of the electrolyte shared chamber and the gas shared chamber of each large-capacity battery is connected to one end of the explosion relief pipe, and the other end of the explosion relief pipe is connected to the liquid cooling plate. The explosion relief part is arranged on the explosion relief port of the large-capacity battery or on the explosion relief pipe.

6. The battery cluster according to claim 3, characterized in that: The liquid cooling assembly includes a plurality of liquid cooling plates, each of which is arranged on the side wall of each large capacity battery; The explosion relief components of each large-capacity battery are respectively connected to each liquid cooling plate. The explosion relief components include an explosion relief pipe and an explosion relief part. One end of the explosion relief pipe is connected to the gas sharing chamber of the large-capacity battery, and the other end is connected to the liquid cooling plate. The explosion relief part is arranged on the explosion relief port of the large-capacity battery or on the explosion relief pipe.

7. The battery cluster according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that: The liquid cooling assembly also includes at least one heat transfer tube, and a clamping portion is provided at the position where each single battery polarity terminal extends out of the avoidance hole; the heat transfer tube is fixed on the clamping portion of each single battery polarity terminal, and the heat transfer tube is insulated from each single battery.

8. The battery cluster according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that: The connection port between the liquid cooling plate and the explosion relief pipe and the liquid inlet port of the liquid cooling plate are located on the same side wall of the liquid cooling plate.

9. The battery cluster according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: A partition is provided in the liquid cooling plate, which divides the inner cavity of the liquid cooling plate into a cooling chamber and a buffer chamber. The buffer chamber is connected to the explosion relief pipe. A heat transfer medium is provided in the cooling chamber. At least one one-way valve is installed on the partition, so that the thermal runaway smoke enters the cooling chamber from the buffer chamber at a stable flow rate.

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