Three-jaw chuck convenient to clean

Abstract

The utility model discloses a three-jaw chuck convenient to clean, which relates to the technical field of tool clamps and comprises a supporting bottom plate and a supporting seat positioned on the supporting bottom plate. The workpiece bearing mechanism comprises a bearing arm, one end of the bearing arm is hinged to the supporting base, a bearing block is fixedly arranged at the other end of the bearing arm, and a bearing power cylinder is hinged to the lower end of the bearing arm. The workpiece positioning mechanism comprises a supporting table, a plurality of tensioning clamping jaws are arranged on the supporting table, a guide groove is formed in the supporting table, a guide block is arranged in the guide groove, the guide block is slidably connected with the guide groove, and the tensioning clamping jaws are fixedly connected with the guide block; a tensioning power cylinder is further arranged at the lower end of the middle of the supporting table and drives the multiple tensioning clamping jaws to move along the guide grooves. A cleaning groove is further formed in the guide groove, and the air outlet end of the cleaning groove communicates with the workpiece positioning mechanism. Therefore, through the arrangement of the workpiece positioning mechanism and the cleaning groove, the turbine shell can be rapidly positioned and clamped, and meanwhile the purpose of rapid cleaning can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of workholding fixtures, in particular to a three-jaw chuck which is convenient to clean. Background Art

[0002] As an important fixture, the three-jaw chuck has a wide range of applications in the mechanical field. Its working principle is that any one of the three bevel gears drives the flat thread to rotate and drives the three jaws to move together, playing a role of self-centering and clamping the workpiece. The three-jaw fixture of the flat thread type is generally suitable for fixing rotating parts, and the three jaws can be fixed and clamped in turn by rotating to improve stability. However, for workpieces such as turbine casings that only need to be clamped and fixed, the positioning requirements for the workpieces are relatively high, and the rotating three-jaw chuck is not applicable. In the processing process of the turbine casing, it generally includes milling and polishing. The powdery impurities generated during milling and polishing will enter the fixture of the three-jaw chuck. Frequent movement will cause the three-jaw chuck to move smoothly and cannot accurately clamp. Generally, the method of cleaning impurities is to directly disassemble and assemble the three-jaw chuck, and then clean it with a high-pressure air gun. During this process, if it is not disassembled and assembled, the air flow is difficult to enter the interior, and the disassembly and assembly process is relatively cumbersome, affecting the processing efficiency.

[0003] In the prior art, there is a patent application document with a publication number of CN215092971 and a name of a chuck grinding chip blowing structure. In this document, air is blown to the chuck position at the front end of the pull rod through the air inlet pipe and the through hole in the pull rod to clean the chips during grinding. This cleaning process adds a large number of auxiliary devices and is applicable to rotating chucks, and the application scenarios are limited. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] To overcome the above defects, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a three-jaw chuck which is convenient to clean. By setting a workpiece positioning mechanism and a cleaning groove, while realizing the quick positioning and clamping of the turbine casing, it can also meet the purpose of quick cleaning.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the utility model provides a three-jaw chuck that is convenient to clean, which includes a support base plate and a support seat located on the support base plate; a workpiece supporting mechanism and a workpiece positioning mechanism are provided on the support seat; the workpiece supporting mechanism includes a supporting arm, one end of the supporting arm is hinged to the support seat, the other end is fixedly provided with a supporting block, and a supporting power cylinder is hinged to the lower end of the supporting arm; the workpiece positioning mechanism includes a support table, a plurality of tensioning jaws are provided on the support table, a guiding groove is provided on the support table, a guiding block is provided in the guiding groove, the guiding block is slidably connected to the guiding groove, and the tensioning jaws are fixedly connected to the guiding block; a tensioning power cylinder is further provided at the lower end of the middle of the support table, and the tensioning power cylinder drives the plurality of tensioning jaws to move along the guiding groove; a cleaning groove is further provided in the guiding groove, and the air outlet end of the cleaning groove communicates with the workpiece positioning mechanism.

[0006] Preferably, a wedge block is fixedly provided on the guiding block, a power top block is fixedly provided on the top of the tensioning power cylinder, the power top block is slidably connected to the support table, and a wedge groove adapted to the wedge block is further provided on the power top block.

[0007] Preferably, there are three tensioning jaws and the supporting arms respectively, and the tensioning jaws and the supporting arms are distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction of the support table.

[0008] Preferably, fixed racks that are mutually engaged are further provided between the tensioning jaws and the guiding block.

[0009] Preferably, the cleaning groove is located at the bottom of the guiding block, and the cleaning groove is semicircular.

[0010] Preferably, the air outlet end of the cleaning groove communicates with the wedge groove.

[0011] After adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial technical effects obtained by the utility model are as follows:

[0012] 1. Since a workpiece supporting mechanism and a workpiece positioning mechanism are provided; one end of the supporting arm in the workpiece supporting mechanism is hinged to the support seat, the other end is fixedly provided with a supporting block, and a supporting power cylinder is hinged to the lower end of the supporting arm; first, the turbine housing is lifted to a certain height by the supporting arm, after ensuring the positioning in the horizontal direction, it is then tensioned and fixed by the tensioning jaws in the workpiece positioning mechanism, so as to ensure the accuracy of the position during fixation, and further ensure the machining accuracy.

[0013] 2. Since the power source of the tensioning jaws in the workpiece positioning mechanism is that the tensioning power cylinder drives the power top block, and the plurality of wedge grooves on the power top block cooperate with the wedge block to drive the tensioning jaws to move along the guiding groove. In the above process, a linear motion power cylinder is used, which has higher precision compared with a rotary threaded three-jaw chuck and is suitable for the central positioning of irregular parts such as turbine housings.

[0014] 3. Since a cleaning groove is provided in the guiding groove on the supporting table, and the air outlet end of the cleaning groove is communicated with the workpiece positioning mechanism, after the machining is completed, high-pressure gas can be directly introduced into the cleaning groove to quickly remove the powdery impurities during the machining process, effectively reducing the number of disassembly and assembly times, and even almost eliminating the need for disassembly and assembly to complete the cleaning. In particular, the powdery impurities between the guiding groove and the guiding block, as well as the powdery impurities in the wedge-shaped groove of the power ejecting block, have good cleaning effect, avoiding the phenomenon of jamming during the movement of the tensioning claw, so the synchronism is better. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of a three-jaw chuck for easy cleaning according to the present utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a schematic structural view after hiding one of the tensioning claws in

[0017] Figure 3 is Figure 2 an enlarged view of part A in

[0018] Figure 4 a schematic reference view of the guiding groove;

[0019] Figure 5 is a schematic reference view of the tensioning power cylinder and the power ejecting block after hiding the supporting seat;

[0020] In the figure,

[0021] 1. Supporting bottom plate; 11. Supporting seat;

[0022] 2. Workpiece supporting mechanism; 21. Supporting arm; 211. Supporting block; 22. Supporting power cylinder;

[0023] 3. Workpiece positioning mechanism; 31. Supporting table; 311. Guiding groove; 312. Cleaning groove; 32. Tensioning claw; 33. Guiding block; 331. Wedge block; 332. Fixed rack; 34. Power ejecting block; 341. Wedge-shaped groove; 35. Tensioning power cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0024] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present utility model and are not used to limit the present utility model.

[0025] See Figures 1 - 5The utility model provides a three-jaw chuck that is easy to clean, including a support base plate 1 and a support seat 11 located on the support base plate 1; taking the turbine shell in a vehicle as an example of a workpiece to be clamped, the turbine shell is generally cast and then milled and ground to meet the use requirements. Milling and grinding require the use of the three-jaw chuck in the utility model.

[0026] The support seat 11 is provided with a workpiece support mechanism 2 and a workpiece positioning mechanism 3; the workpiece support mechanism 2 includes a support arm 21, one end of the support arm 21 is hinged to the support seat 11, and the other end is fixed with a support block 211, and the lower end of the support arm 21 is hinged with a support power cylinder 22; since the turbine shell is a regular shape, during processing and positioning, the support block 211 is first lifted upward to a certain height by the support arm 21 in the workpiece support mechanism 2 to ensure the horizontality of the turbine shell, and then the tensioning claw 32 in the workpiece positioning mechanism 3 moves outward to tension and fix the turbine shell. The tensioning claw 32 is adapted to the shape of the turbine shell, with the middle part protruding outward and a boss on the top to prevent it from changing position when it is subjected to force.

[0027] The workpiece positioning mechanism 3 includes a support platform 31, on which a plurality of tensioning claws 32 are arranged, and a guide groove 311 is provided on the support platform 31, in which a guide block 33 is arranged, the guide block 33 is slidably connected to the guide groove 311, and the tensioning claws 32 are fixedly connected to the guide block 33; a tensioning power cylinder 35 is also provided at the middle lower end of the support platform 31, and the tensioning power cylinder 35 drives the plurality of tensioning claws 32 to move along the guide groove 311; a cleaning groove 312 is also provided in the guide groove 311, and the air outlet end of the cleaning groove 312 is connected to the workpiece positioning mechanism 3. The tensioning power cylinder 35 is a linear motion type power cylinder, and when it is lifted upward, it squeezes the middle of the plurality of tensioning claws 32, forcing the plurality of tensioning claws 32 to move outward at the same time, along the guide groove 311, and when the three tensioning claws 32 move outward at the same time, they are fixed to the central hole of the turbine shell. This process is only applicable to the tensioning of the workpiece. After the fixing is completed, the tensioning power cylinder 35 retracts and the tensioning claw 32 needs to be returned manually.

[0028] The guiding block 33 of the present utility model is fixedly provided with a wedge block 331. The top of the tension power cylinder 35 is fixedly provided with a power top block 34. The power top block 34 is slidably connected to the support platform 31. The power top block 34 is also provided with a wedge groove 341 adapted to the wedge block 331. The tension power cylinder 35 pushes the power top block 34 to move. At this time, the support platform 31 provides a guiding function for the power top block 34. During the upward movement of the power top block 34, the inner wall of the wedge groove 341 squeezes the wedge block 331. The inclined surface of the wedge groove 341 forces the guiding block 33 to move along the guiding groove 311. The guiding block 33 is fixedly connected to the tension claw 32, driving the tension claw 32 to expand outwards to realize the tension fixation of the turbine housing. When the tension power cylinder 35 retracts, the process is just the opposite. The wedge groove 341 pushes the guiding block 33 downward, driving the tension claw 32 to return to the central position. In actual use, the tension power cylinder 35 and the supporting power cylinder 22 can be linear cylinders, or any one of hydraulic cylinders or electric cylinders. Generally, hydraulic cylinders are used more often, with low cost, suitable for heavy loads and strong stability.

[0029] There are three tension claws 32 and supporting arms 21 in the present utility model respectively. The tension claws 32 and the supporting arms 21 are distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction of the support platform 31. For workpieces such as turbine housings, the center of gravity position is special. When fixing, it is necessary to first lift the workpiece with the supporting arm 21 and then fix it through the tension claw 32.

[0030] There are also mutually engaged fixed racks 332 between the tension claw 32 and the guiding block 33 of the present utility model. Through the upper and lower groups of fixed racks 332, the position of the tension claw 32 can be adjusted and the connection stability can be ensured.

[0031] The cleaning groove 312 of the present utility model is located at the bottom of the guiding block 33 and the cleaning groove 312 is semicircular. The cleaning groove 312 is generally directly milled into shape, which can directly process the existing fixture and reduce the cost of machine modification. For better cleaning, the cleaning groove 312 should be as long as possible, and a cleaning groove 312 communicating with the wedge groove 341 should be provided in each guiding groove 311. In this way, it can be cleaned with a high-pressure air gun. During operation, directly blow air towards the cleaning groove 312 with the nozzle of the high-pressure air gun, and the powdery debris can be directly blown out. Repeating the above steps multiple times can clean each tension claw 32.

[0032] Certainly, the present utility model can also have many other embodiments. Without departing from the spirit and essence of the present utility model, those skilled in the art can make various corresponding changes and deformations according to the present utility model. However, these corresponding changes and deformations should all fall within the protection scope of the appended claims of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A three-jaw chuck that is easy to clean, characterized in that: It includes a supporting base plate and a supporting seat located on the supporting base plate; The support seat is provided with a workpiece supporting mechanism and a workpiece positioning mechanism; The workpiece supporting mechanism comprises a supporting arm, one end of the supporting arm is hinged to the supporting seat, the other end is fixed with a supporting block, and the lower end of the supporting arm is hinged to a supporting power cylinder; The workpiece positioning mechanism comprises a support platform, a plurality of tensioning claws are arranged on the support platform, the support platform is provided with a guide groove, a guide block is arranged in the guide groove, the guide block is slidably connected to the guide groove, and the tensioning claw is fixedly connected to the guide block; a tensioning power cylinder is also arranged at the lower end of the middle part of the support platform, and the tensioning power cylinder drives the plurality of tensioning claws to move along the guide groove; A cleaning groove is also provided in the guide groove, and an air outlet end of the cleaning groove is connected to the workpiece positioning mechanism.

2. The three-jaw chuck that is easy to clean according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide block is fixed with a wedge block, the top of the tensioning power cylinder is fixed with a power top block, the power top block is slidably connected to the support platform, and the power top block is also provided with a wedge groove adapted to the wedge block.

3. The three-jaw chuck that is easy to clean according to claim 2, characterized in that: There are three tensioning claws and three supporting arms respectively, and the tensioning claws and the supporting arms are spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the support platform.

4. The three-jaw chuck that is easy to clean according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fixed rack which is clamped to each other is also provided between the tensioning claw and the guide block.

5. The three-jaw chuck that is easy to clean according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cleaning groove is located at the bottom of the guide block, and the cleaning groove is semicircular.

6. The three-jaw chuck that is easy to clean according to claim 5, characterized in that: The air outlet end of the cleaning groove is connected to the wedge-shaped groove.

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