Train floor based on resonance structure
By setting a resonant sound absorbing plate and sound absorbing column in the sound absorbing layer of the train floor, the problem of single sound absorbing band and poor sound absorbing ability in the prior art is solved, and effective noise reduction for low-frequency noise and widening of the sound absorbing band are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422321251.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-23
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-20
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-09-23
AI Technical Summary
The existing train floor based on resonance structure has problems such as single frequency band and poor sound absorption capacity in terms of sound absorption, especially in low-frequency noise.
By setting the resonant sound absorbing plate and the sound absorbing column in the sound absorbing layer, a thin plate resonance structure is formed to match the ambient noise frequency generated by the train, and adjust the position of the resonant sound absorbing plate by connecting the support and a fixed fixture to widen the sound absorbing frequency band.
It significantly improves the sound absorption effect, especially the obvious noise reduction effect for low-frequency noise, while widening the sound absorption band and reducing the weight and volume of the train floor.
Smart Images
Figure CN223001527U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of rail transit, in particular to a train floor based on a resonance structure. Background Art
[0002] In recent years, to meet the people's demand for better travel, the rail transit in various cities of our country has developed rapidly, and the speed of subway trains has also been continuously increased. The problem of in-car noise caused by the impact between train wheels and rails has become increasingly serious, which has greatly affected the comfort of passengers and drivers. It is urgent to solve the problem of in-car noise. The sources of in-car noise are mainly divided into two parts. One is wheel-rail noise. When the train runs, the impact and vibration between the wheels and the rails generate noise, which penetrates into the carriage through the train. The other is the noise of the car body structure. The vibration of components such as the car body floor and windows directly radiates noise into the car. A large number of studies have shown that the in-car noise mainly comes from wheel-rail noise. Therefore, controlling the noise propagation path is an effective measure to reduce in-car noise. Since the wheels and rails are located under the car body, most of the wheel-rail noise enters the carriage through the train floor based on the resonance structure. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the sound absorption and noise reduction performance of the train floor based on the resonance structure.
[0003] The sound absorption of the traditional train floor based on the resonance structure is mainly achieved through porous sound-absorbing materials. Such materials have many fine pores from the surface to the inside, and can reduce the entering sound waves. This kind of material is mainly organic or inorganic fiber products, such as open-cell foam plastics, such as sound-absorbing cotton, sponge foam plastics, etc. The sound-absorbing materials are mainly porous sound-absorbing materials, and the material structure is single. In this way, the volume and self-weight are large, and there are disadvantages such as a single sound absorption frequency band and poor sound absorption ability; moreover, the noise is reduced through the sound absorption characteristics of the material, and the noise reduction frequency band is mainly concentrated in the high frequency. Summary of the Utility Model
[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a train floor based on a resonance structure, in which the resonance sound absorption board resonates with the noise sound wave to effectively absorb sound, and cooperates with the sound absorption column to improve the sound absorption effect and broaden the sound absorption frequency band.
[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides a train floor based on a resonance structure, which includes a floor cloth, a heat preservation layer, a sound absorption layer, an elastic cushion layer and a support frame arranged in sequence from top to bottom. The sound absorption layer includes a first sound insulation panel and a second sound insulation panel arranged up and down. The first sound insulation panel and the second sound insulation panel are connected by a plurality of spaced sound absorption columns. The sound absorption columns are porous sound absorption columns, and the sound absorption columns extend along the length direction of the first sound insulation panel and have the same length as the first sound insulation panel. A cavity is formed between two adjacent sound absorption columns, and a resonance sound absorption board is arranged in each cavity. The resonance sound absorption board is connected to the first sound insulation panel and the second sound insulation panel through a connecting support.
[0006] As a preferred solution of the present utility model, a first rib is provided at the top of the sound-absorbing column, a second rib is provided at the bottom of the sound-absorbing column, a plurality of first grooves that are in embedded fit with the first rib are provided at intervals at the bottom of the first sound insulation panel, and a plurality of second grooves that are in embedded fit with the second rib are provided at intervals at the top of the second sound insulation panel.
[0007] As a preferred solution of the present utility model, a plurality of connecting supports are provided and arranged at intervals along the length direction of the resonance sound-absorbing plate. The connecting support includes a connecting column and a fixing clamp. The connecting column penetrates through the resonance sound-absorbing plate, and the fixing clamp fixes the resonance sound-absorbing plate on the connecting column. A plurality of first connecting grooves that are in embedded fit with the upper end of the connecting column are provided at intervals at the bottom of the first sound insulation panel, and a plurality of second connecting grooves that are in embedded fit with the lower end of the connecting column are provided at intervals at the top of the second sound insulation panel.
[0008] As a preferred solution of the present utility model, rock wool surrounding the outer periphery of the resonance sound-absorbing plate is filled in the cavity.
[0009] As a preferred solution of the present utility model, the floor cloth is a rubber floor cloth.
[0010] As a preferred solution of the present utility model, the heat insulation layer is a foam layer, a carbon fiber heat insulation layer or a glass fiber heat insulation cotton layer.
[0011] As a preferred solution of the present utility model, the elastic cushion layer is a natural rubber cushion layer or a polyurethane cushion layer.
[0012] As a preferred solution of the present utility model, the support frame is an aluminum alloy truss.
[0013] As a preferred solution of the present utility model, the sound-absorbing column is a mineral wool sound-absorbing column, a ceramic honeycomb sound-absorbing column or a polyester fiber sound-absorbing column.
[0014] As a preferred solution of the present utility model, both the first sound insulation panel and the second sound insulation panel are aluminum alloy panels.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of an embodiment of a train floor based on a resonance structure of the present utility model are as follows:
[0016] The utility model forms a thin plate resonance structure in a cavity through a resonance sound absorption plate and a connecting support. By matching the self-vibration frequency of the resonance sound absorption plate with the environmental noise frequency generated by the train, when the wheel-rail noise generated during the train operation propagates to the train floor based on the resonance structure, the resonance sound absorption plate resonates with the noise sound wave. The sound absorption coefficient is the largest at the resonance frequency, the sound absorption effect is obvious, it can reduce the low-frequency noise, and it cooperates with the sound absorption column to improve the sound absorption effect and broaden the sound absorption frequency band. At the same time, it can reduce the weight and volume of the train floor based on the resonance structure. Brief Description of the Drawings
[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model, the drawings of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below.
[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a train floor based on a resonance structure provided by the present utility model;
[0019] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the sound absorption layer provided by the present utility model;
[0020] Figure 3 is Figure 2 a sectional view taken along the line A-A in
[0021] Figure 4 is Figure 2 a sectional view taken along the line B-B in
[0022] In the figure, 1 is the floor cloth; 2 is the thermal insulation layer; 3 is the sound absorption layer; 31 is the first sound insulation panel; 32 is the second sound insulation panel; 33 is the sound absorption column; 331 is the first rib; 332 is the second rib; 34 is the resonance sound absorption plate; 35 is the connecting column; 36 is the fixing clamp; 4 is the elastic cushion layer; 5 is the support frame. Detailed Embodiments
[0023] The following combines the drawings and embodiments to further describe in detail the specific embodiments of the present utility model. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present utility model, but are not used to limit the scope of the present utility model.
[0024] In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present utility model.
[0025] As Figures 1 to 4As shown in the figure, a train floor based on a resonance structure in a preferred embodiment of the present utility model includes a floor cloth 1, a thermal insulation layer 2, a sound absorption layer 3, an elastic cushion layer 4, and a support frame 5 arranged in sequence from top to bottom. The sound absorption layer 3 includes a first sound insulation panel 31 and a second sound insulation panel 32 arranged up and down. The first sound insulation panel 31 and the second sound insulation panel 32 are connected by a plurality of sound absorption columns 33 arranged at intervals. The sound absorption columns 33 are porous sound absorption columns. The sound absorption columns 33 extend along the length direction of the first sound insulation panel 31 and have the same length as the first sound insulation panel 31. A cavity is formed between two adjacent sound absorption columns 33. A resonance sound absorption panel 34 is arranged in each cavity. The resonance sound absorption panel 34 is connected to the first sound insulation panel 31 and the second sound insulation panel 32 through a connection support. The resonance sound absorption panel 34 can be a plastic thin plate.
[0026] In the present utility model, by arranging the resonance sound absorption panel 34, the resonance sound absorption panel 34 and the connection support form a thin plate resonance structure in the cavity. By matching the self-vibration frequency of the resonance sound absorption panel 34 with the environmental noise frequency generated by the train, when the wheel-rail noise generated during the train operation propagates to the train floor based on the resonance structure, the resonance sound absorption panel 34 resonates with the noise sound wave. At the resonance frequency, the sound absorption coefficient is the largest, the sound absorption effect is obvious, it can reduce the low-frequency noise, and cooperate with the sound absorption columns 33 to improve the sound absorption effect, broaden the sound absorption frequency band, and at the same time can reduce the weight and volume of the train floor based on the resonance structure.
[0027] Exemplarily, a first rib 331 is arranged at the top of the sound absorption column 33, and a second rib 332 is arranged at the bottom of the sound absorption column 33. A plurality of first grooves for fittingly embedding with the first rib 331 are arranged at intervals at the bottom of the first sound insulation panel 31, and a plurality of second grooves for fittingly embedding with the second rib 332 are arranged at intervals at the top of the second sound insulation panel 32, effectively fixing the sound absorption column 33 between the first sound insulation panel 31 and the second sound insulation panel 32 to ensure the structural stability; moreover, the plurality of sound absorption columns 33 are arranged at equal intervals, effectively improving the sound absorption level.
[0028] Exemplarily, a plurality of connecting supports are provided and arranged at intervals along the length direction of the resonance sound absorption panel 34. The connecting support includes a connecting column 35 and a fixing clamp 36. The connecting column 35 penetrates through the resonance sound absorption panel 34, and the fixing clamp 36 fixes the resonance sound absorption panel 34 on the connecting column 35. At the bottom of the first sound insulation panel 31, a plurality of first connecting grooves are spaced apart and are in embedded fit with the upper ends of the connecting columns 35. At the top of the second sound insulation panel 32, a plurality of second connecting grooves are spaced apart and are in embedded fit with the lower ends of the connecting columns 35. In this way, the height of the resonance sound absorption panel 34 on the connecting column 35 can be adjusted, and then the resonance sound absorption panel 34 is fixed on the connecting column 35 through the fixing clamp 36, which facilitates adjusting the distance between the resonance sound absorption panel 34 and the second sound insulation panel 32. The connecting column 35 is preferably a triangular prism. Of course, in other embodiments, the connecting column 35 can be a column such as a cylinder or a cuboid.
[0029] Exemplarily, the cavity is filled with rock wool (not shown in the figure) surrounding the resonance sound absorption panel 34 to further improve the sound absorption performance.
[0030] Exemplarily, the floor cloth 1 is a rubber floor cloth 1, which can prevent slipping and has high walking comfort; the heat insulation layer 2 is a foam layer, a carbon fiber heat insulation layer 2 or a glass fiber heat insulation cotton layer to reduce the heat exchange between the outside and the inside of the vehicle, and then the temperature inside the carriage can be maintained within the normal range with lower energy consumption, ensuring the comfort of passengers and the normal operation of the equipment inside the carriage. Moreover, using a lightweight heat insulation layer 2 can reduce the weight of the train floor based on the resonance structure; the elastic cushion layer 4 is a natural rubber cushion layer or a polyurethane cushion layer, which plays a role in buffering and vibration isolation; the support frame 5 is an aluminum alloy truss, serving as the main load-bearing structure.
[0031] Exemplarily, the sound absorption column 33 is a mineral wool sound absorption column 33, a ceramic honeycomb sound absorption column 33 or a polyester fiber sound absorption column 33. In this way, when sound waves enter the sound absorption column 33, the noise absorption surface can be enlarged, and the noise reduction ability can be improved; both the first sound insulation panel 31 and the second sound insulation panel 32 are aluminum alloy panels.
[0032] The calculation formula for the resonance frequency is as follows:
[0033]
[0034] Wherein, f0: the natural frequency of the resonance sound absorption panel 34, Hz;
[0035] v 空气 : the propagation speed of sound in the air; at 15°C, v 空气 = 340 m / s, m / s;
[0036] ρ1: The density of air, which is 1.29 kg / m3 under 1 standard atmospheric pressure at 0 °C, unit: kg / m3;
[0037] ρ2: The areal density of the resonance sound absorption panel 34, unit: kg / m3;
[0038] H: The thickness of the air layer behind the panel, that is, the distance between the resonance sound absorption panel 34 and the second sound insulation panel 32, unit: mm.
[0039] Generally, when a subway train runs in a tunnel, the interior noise mainly comes from wheel-rail noise. The frequency of wheel-rail noise is concentrated in the range of 1000 - 5000 Hz, and it is most significant in the frequency band of 1000 - 2000 Hz. Existing methods usually use the characteristics of porous sound-absorbing materials for noise reduction, and the noise reduction frequency band is mainly concentrated in the high frequency. The present utility model realizes noise reduction in the high frequency band through porous sound-absorbing columns. At the same time, a large number of studies have shown that there is also low-frequency noise in the range of 200 - 1000 Hz in the interior noise. This type of low-frequency noise has stronger penetration and greater impact on passenger comfort.
[0040] Therefore, for the noise problem in the frequency band of 200 - 2000 Hz, the noise in this frequency band can be controlled through design. The areal density ρ2 of the resonance sound absorption panel 34 is 0.3 kg / m 2 , and by adjusting the thickness of the air layer behind the panel, the design parameters are as follows in the table:
[0041]
[0042] For the noise in the frequency band of 200 - 500 Hz, materials with an areal density of 1.5 kg / m 2 are used, and the design parameters are as follows in the table:
[0043]
[0044] In this way, by adjusting the height at which the resonance sound absorption panel 34 is fixed to the connecting column 35 through the fixing fixture 36 (i.e., adjusting the thickness of the air layer behind the panel), and using resonance sound absorption panels with different areal densities, the noise in different frequency bands can be controlled, effectively reducing the low-frequency noise; and the number of resonance sound absorption panels 34 can be increased to enhance the noise reduction ability in the specified frequency band.
[0045] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific situations.
[0046] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present utility model. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the technical principle of the present utility model, several improvements and substitutions can be made, and these improvements and substitutions should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A train floor based on a resonance structure, characterized in that: The invention comprises a floor cloth, a heat-insulating layer, a sound-absorbing layer, an elastic cushion layer and a supporting frame which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom. The sound-absorbing layer comprises a first sound-insulating panel and a second sound-insulating panel which are arranged up and down. The first sound-insulating panel and the second sound-insulating panel are connected by a plurality of sound-absorbing columns which are arranged at intervals. The sound-absorbing columns are porous sound-absorbing columns which extend along the length direction of the first sound-insulating panel and have the same length as the first sound-insulating panel. A cavity is formed between two adjacent sound-absorbing columns. A resonant sound-absorbing board is arranged in each of the cavities. The resonant sound-absorbing board is connected to the first sound-insulating panel and the second sound-insulating panel through a connecting support.
2. The train floor based on the resonance structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the sound-absorbing column is provided with a first convex strip, the bottom of the sound-absorbing column is provided with a second convex strip, the bottom of the first sound-insulating panel is provided with a plurality of first grooves which are embedded and matched with the first convex strip at intervals, and the top of the second sound-insulating panel is provided with a plurality of second grooves which are embedded and matched with the second convex strip at intervals.
3. The train floor based on the resonance structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting supports are provided in plurality and are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the resonant sound absorbing board. The connecting supports include connecting columns and fixing clamps. The connecting columns penetrate the resonant sound absorbing board. The fixing clamps fix the resonant sound absorbing board on the connecting columns. The bottom of the first sound insulation panel is provided with a plurality of first connecting grooves which are embedded and matched with the upper ends of the connecting columns at intervals. The top of the second sound insulation panel is provided with a plurality of second connecting grooves which are embedded and matched with the lower ends of the connecting columns at intervals.
4. The train floor based on the resonance structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cavity is filled with rock wool arranged around the periphery of the resonant sound absorbing panel.
5. The train floor based on resonance structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The floor cloth is a rubber floor cloth.
6. The train floor based on the resonance structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermal insulation layer is a foam layer, a carbon fiber thermal insulation layer or a glass fiber thermal insulation cotton layer.
7. The train floor based on resonance structure as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic cushion layer is a natural rubber cushion layer or a polyurethane cushion layer.
8. The train floor based on resonance structure as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The support frame is an aluminum alloy truss.
9. The train floor based on resonance structure as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The sound-absorbing column is a mineral wool sound-absorbing column, a ceramic honeycomb sound-absorbing column or a polyester fiber sound-absorbing column.
10. The train floor based on resonance structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first sound insulation panel and the second sound insulation panel are both aluminum alloy panels.