Prefabricated ballastless track plate with adjusting capacity and ballastless track
By adopting a combined structure of prefabricated ballless track plates and self-contained concrete bases, the problem of insufficient adjustment capabilities of ballless track elevation and track direction is solved, and ballless tracks with simple structure, convenient construction, easy maintenance and large adjustment capabilities are achieved, and construction quality and operation stability are improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422213578.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-10
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-20
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-09-10
AI Technical Summary
The existing ballastless tracks have limited elevation and track adjustment capabilities during the construction and operation period, resulting in large construction and maintenance projects, high costs, and may affect railway operations.
Prefabricated ball-free track plates with adjustment capabilities are adopted, including track plates with bidirectional pre-tensioned prestressed reinforced concrete structures. A support is formed on the upper surface of the track plate, a geotextile isolation layer is pasted on the lower surface, a square notch with rounded corners is reserved at the end of the track plate, an elastic cushion layer is pasted on the inner wall, and the base is made of self-contained concrete cast-in-place to form a stop plate that matches the track plate notch.
It realizes ballastless tracks with simple structure, convenient construction, small project volume, easy maintenance and large adjustment capabilities, reduces the use of concrete materials, and improves construction quality and operation stability.
Smart Images
Figure CN223003232U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of ballastless tracks for railways, and particularly relates to a precast ballastless track slab with adjustment ability and a ballastless track. Background Technique
[0002] With the continuous development of railways in China, ballastless tracks are widely used in high-speed railways, intercity railways, urban rail transit, etc. The ballastless track technology has become more and more mature. Compared with ballasted tracks, the ballastless track has strong structural integrity, good stability, and greatly reduced maintenance workload and maintenance cost. However, the deficiencies of the ballastless track are gradually emerging. Limited by the height adjustment amount of the fasteners, the adjustment amount of the ballastless track in the horizontal, vertical and alignment directions is very limited, and the technical requirements for the lower foundation are very high.
[0003] As one of the common track structure types of traditional high-speed railway ballastless tracks, the slab ballastless track usually consists of rails, elastic fasteners, precast track slabs, self-compacting concrete layers (or mortar adjustment layers), reinforced concrete bases, isolation layers and elastic cushions, etc. It is a three-layer structure system with complex structure, large engineering quantity, large workload of later replacement and maintenance, and difficult operation. In addition, the ballastless track generally has the disadvantage of poor elevation adjustment ability. Once the elevation and track alignment deviation exceed the adjustment ability of the fasteners during the construction period and the operation period, it is often necessary to demolish and rebuild, with large construction quantity, cumbersome procedures, huge economic investment, and may also affect the railway operation.
[0004] With the large-scale development of high-speed railway construction in China, passenger dedicated lines inevitably cross special geological condition sections such as active fault zones and severely subsiding areas on the ground. The ballastless track has to face the problem of deformation of the lower foundation. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a ballastless track structure with large adjustment ability. Content of the Utility Model
[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a precast ballastless track slab with adjustment ability and a ballastless track, which have simple structure, small amount of on-site concrete pouring during construction, convenient construction, convenient maintenance, and can achieve large adjustment ability during both construction and operation periods.
[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: a precast ballastless track slab with adjustment ability, including a track slab of a bidirectional pretensioned prestressed reinforced concrete structure precast in the factory. A bearing platform is integrally formed on the upper surface of the track slab, and a geotextile isolation layer is pasted on the lower surface of the track slab. The surface of the bearing platform on the upper part of the track slab is flat and can be polished according to the elevation requirement to realize the adjustment of the track elevation. Square notches with rounded corners are reserved at both ends in the length direction of a single track slab, and elastic cushions are pasted on the inner walls of the square notches.
[0007] The square notches are located at the axial positions in the length direction of the track slab, and one is provided at each end.
[0008] The elastic cushion layer is made of rubber or polyurethane.
[0009] The bearing platform is set at different heights according to the construction elevation requirements.
[0010] The structural length of the track slab is 3 - 7 m.
[0011] The track slab is provided with longitudinal and transverse stress - bearing steel bars along the longitudinal and transverse directions of the line. Heat - shrinkable sleeves or small insulating clips are provided at the joints of the longitudinal and transverse stress - bearing steel bars. Earthing terminals and earthing steel bars are reserved on the track slab.
[0012] A ballastless track includes a base and the above - mentioned precast ballastless track slab with adjustment ability. The base is cast in - situ with self - compacting concrete. A square retaining platform with a chamfered corner corresponding to the square notch of the track slab is integrally formed on the upper surface of the base to realize the longitudinal and transverse limiting functions of the track structure.
[0013] The base is connected to the lower foundation through embedded steel bars. The length of one base structural unit corresponds to 1 - 4 track slab units.
[0014] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows: The structure is simple. The track structure is a double - layer structure system, which is only composed of a precast track slab with a square notch with a chamfered corner, a supporting geotextile isolation layer and an elastic cushion layer, and a base with a square retaining platform with a chamfered corner, greatly saving the use of concrete materials and having a small amount of work. A geotextile isolation layer is pasted at the bottom of the track slab, and an elastic cushion layer is provided on the inner wall of the square notch with a chamfered corner, which can achieve good isolation from the base and is convenient for later replacement and maintenance. Most of the track construction work is completed in the factory, improving the construction quality. The upper part of the track slab is provided with a bearing platform structure with a flat surface. During the construction period, bearing platforms with different heights can be set according to the elevation requirements, and during the operation period, the elevation can be adjusted by grinding the bearing platform, enabling the ballastless track structure to have a large adjustment ability. The construction of the track slab and the geotextile is completed in the factory, improving the construction quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0015] Figure 1 is a cross - sectional structural schematic diagram of the precast ballastless track slab with adjustment ability of the present utility model;
[0016] Figure 2 is a plan structural schematic diagram of the precast ballastless track slab with adjustment ability of the present utility model;
[0017] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the ballastless track of the present utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
[0018] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model; obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0019] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "top / bottom end", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present utility model. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0020] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "provided with", "sheathed / connected", "connected", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific situations.
[0021] As Figure 1 —3 shows, the precast ballastless track slab with adjustment ability of the present utility model includes a track slab 1 of a bidirectional pre-tensioned prestressed reinforced concrete structure precast in the factory. A bearing platform 5 is integrally formed on the upper surface of the track slab 1, and a geotextile isolation layer 3 is pasted on the lower surface of the track slab 1. The surface of the bearing platform 5 on the upper part of the track slab is flat and can be polished according to the elevation requirement to realize the adjustment of the track elevation. Square notches 6 with rounded corners are reserved at both ends in the length direction of a single track slab 1, and an elastic cushion layer 4 is pasted on the inner wall of the square notch 6.
[0022] Preferably, the square notch 6 is located at the axis position in the length direction of the track slab 1, and one is provided at each end.
[0023] The elastic cushion layer 4 is made of rubber or polyurethane.
[0024] The bearing platform 5 is set to different heights according to the construction elevation requirements.
[0025] Preferably, the structural length of the track slab 1 is 3 - 7m.
[0026] Preferably, the track slab 1 is provided with stress bars longitudinally and transversely along the line, and heat-shrinkable sleeves or small insulating clips are arranged at the intersections of the longitudinal and transverse stress bars. Earthing terminals and earthing bars are reserved on the track slab.
[0027] A ballastless track includes a base 2 and the above-mentioned precast ballastless track slab with adjustment ability. The base 2 is cast in situ with self-compacting concrete. A square retaining platform 7 with rounded corners corresponding to the square notch 6 of the track slab is integrally formed on the upper surface of the base 2 to achieve the longitudinal and transverse limiting functions of the track structure.
[0028] Preferably, the base 2 is connected to the lower foundation through embedded steel bars, and the length of one base structure unit corresponds to 1 - 4 track slab units.
[0029] Specifically, for the precast track slab of the present utility model, the precast track slab is precast in the factory. Square notches with rounded corners are reserved at the ends, and a flat surface bearing platform is provided on the upper part. The height of the bearing platform can be adjusted according to elevation requirements during the construction period and can be adjusted by grinding the bearing platform surface during the operation period. The geotextile isolation layer 3 and the elastic cushion layer 4 are pasted to the bottom of the track slab 1 and the inner wall of the square notch 6 with rounded corners at the end of the track slab 1 in the factory. The geotextile isolation layer 3 and the elastic cushion layer 4 can achieve the isolation and buffering functions between the track slab 1 and the base 2, facilitating later replacement and maintenance. The base 2 is cast in situ with self-compacting concrete, and a square retaining platform with rounded corners matching the square notch at the end of the track slab is naturally formed during the casting process to achieve the longitudinal and transverse limiting of the track structure.
[0030] The track slab 1 with square notches with rounded corners reserved at the ends and a flat surface bearing platform on the upper part is a precast pretensioned prestressed reinforced concrete structure in the factory. Prestressed steel bars are arranged longitudinally and transversely inside the track slab 1, and heat-shrinkable sleeves or small insulating clips are arranged at the intersections of the longitudinal and transverse stress bars. The upper part of the track slab is provided with a flat surface bearing platform structure, and the height of the bearing platform can be adjusted differently according to elevation requirements during the construction period and can be ground during the operation period to achieve the elevation adjustment of the track structure.
[0031] The geotextile isolation layer 3 is pasted to the bottom of the track slab 1 in the factory to achieve the isolation function from the base 4.
[0032] The elastic cushion layer 4 is arranged on the inner wall of the square notch 6 with rounded corners at the end of the track slab 1 to isolate the track slab from the base and ensure a certain self-adaptive adjustment function.
[0033] The elastic cushion layer 4 is arranged around the limiting retaining platform, and the track alignment can be adjusted by adjusting the thickness of the elastic cushion layer.
[0034] The base 2 is a reinforced concrete structure cast in-situ with self-compacting concrete, and a square retaining structure with rounded corners that matches the square notch with rounded corners at the end of the track slab 1 is naturally formed during the casting process to achieve longitudinal and lateral limitation of the track structure.
[0035] The longitudinal and lateral limitation structure of the base 4 track is an exposed structure, which is convenient for inspection and maintenance during the operation period.
[0036] In this embodiment, the above-mentioned track slab 1 is a precast two-way prestressed reinforced concrete structure in the factory; preferably, the concrete grade used for the track slab 1 is C60. Further, the above-mentioned track structure has a simple composition and is a double-layer structure system, which is convenient for production construction and later replacement and maintenance, with a small amount of work. At the same time, a geotextile isolation layer 3 and an elastic cushion layer 4 are provided between the track slab 1 and the base 2, which is convenient for later removal and replacement of the track slab 1. In this scheme, a square notch with rounded corners is reserved at the end of the track slab 1, and the number in the unit slab is 2. Corresponding to the casting process of the base 2, a square retaining structure with rounded corners corresponding to the square notch with rounded corners at the end of the track slab 1 is formed. The load borne by the track slab 1 can be better transmitted through the square retaining structure with rounded corners, and the stability of the track structure can be maintained. The upper part of the track slab 1 has a flat bearing platform structure, and the elevation of the track structure can be adjusted by grinding the bearing platform. The bearing platform structure is simple, has low requirements for grinding equipment, and a small-sized grinding equipment can complete the grinding. The track slab can be customized and ground according to on-site requirements.
[0037] The rail structure is installed on the bearing platform through fasteners. The installation structures of the fasteners and the rails are conventional technologies in this field and will not be elaborated here.
[0038] A geotextile isolation layer 3 is provided at the bottom of the track slab 1, and an elastic cushion layer 4 is provided on the inner wall of the square notch with rounded corners at the end of the track slab 1 to achieve longitudinal and lateral displacement of the track structure under the action of load. The rounded square limiting structure can avoid stress concentration of the structure, and elastic cushion layers (or polyurethane resins) are provided on the side walls around the limiting structure to play a buffering and isolating role.
[0039] The track slab 1 is provided with embedded sleeves, which are matched with the ballastless track fine adjustment system and can also be used as lifting and transportation connection components for the track slab.
[0040] Two square notches with rounded corners are reserved at the end of the track slab of the utility model to interact with the square retaining platforms with rounded corners on the base, ensuring the longitudinal and lateral stability of the track structure. At the same time, the self-compacting concrete layer (or mortar adjustment layer) is cancelled, reducing the on-site construction and the amount of later replacement and maintenance work, eliminating the weak structural layer, reducing the height of the track structure, reducing the amount of concrete pouring, and a geotextile isolation layer is provided at the bottom of the track slab, and an elastic cushion layer is provided on the inner wall of the square notch with rounded corners, which is beneficial to later replacement and maintenance. At the same time, the track system has a certain longitudinal and lateral coordinated deformation ability, avoiding the damage of the track structure. Most of the work of ballastless track construction is completed in the factory, reducing the amount of on-site poured concrete, reducing the construction procedures, saving construction time, and improving construction quality.
[0041] The ballastless track of the utility model is a double-layer structure system, with simple composition, convenient construction, small engineering quantity, small amount of later maintenance work, easy replacement, and at the same time having a large adjustment ability, and can be widely applied to the ballastless track system of high-speed railways.
[0042] In summary, the content of the utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. Those with knowledge in the same field can easily propose other embodiments within the technical guiding ideology of the utility model, but such embodiments are all included within the scope of the utility model.
Claims
1. A prefabricated ballastless track slab with adjustment capability, comprising a track slab (1) of a bidirectional prestressed reinforced concrete structure prefabricated in a factory, a cap (5) being integrally formed on the upper surface of the track slab (1), and a geotextile isolation layer (3) being adhered to the lower surface of the track slab (1), characterized in that: The surface of the support platform (5) on the upper part of the track plate is flat and can be polished according to the elevation requirements to achieve track elevation adjustment. Square notches (6) with rounded corners are reserved at both ends of the length direction of the single track plate (1), and the inner wall of the square notch (6) is pasted with an elastic cushion layer (4).
2. The prefabricated ballastless track slab with adjustment capability according to claim 1, characterized in that: The square notch (6) is located at an axial position in the length direction of the track plate (1), with one notch being provided at each end.
3. The prefabricated ballastless track slab with adjustment capability according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic cushion layer (4) is made of rubber or polyurethane.
4. The prefabricated ballastless track slab with adjustment capability according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support platform (5) is set at different heights according to construction elevation requirements.
5. The prefabricated ballastless track slab with adjustment capability according to claim 1, characterized in that: The track plate (1) has a structural length of 3 to 7 m.
6. The prefabricated ballastless track slab with adjustment capability according to claim 1, characterized in that: The track plate (1) is provided with stress-bearing steel bars in the longitudinal and transverse directions along the line, and heat shrink sleeves or small insulating cards are provided at the intersection of the longitudinal and transverse stress-bearing steel bars. The track plate is provided with grounding terminals and grounding steel bars.
7. A ballastless track, characterized in that: The invention comprises a base (2) and a prefabricated ballastless track slab with adjustment capability as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the base (2) is cast in situ using self-compacting concrete, and a square stopper (7) with rounded corners corresponding to a square notch (6) of the track slab is integrally formed on the upper surface of the base (2), thereby realizing the longitudinal and lateral limiting function of the track structure.
8. The ballastless track according to claim 7, characterized in that: The base (2) is connected to the lower foundation via embedded steel bars, and the length of one base structure unit corresponds to 1 to 4 track plate units.