Metal sealing sleeve and shell-and-tube heat exchanger

Abstract

The metal sealing sleeve comprises a metal sleeve part and a metal limiting part, an annular convex part continuously fluctuating in the axial direction is formed on the pipe wall of the metal sleeve part, and the part, protruding out of the pipe wall, of the annular convex part is of a hollow structure; and the metal limiting part radially and outwards extends from one end of the metal sleeve part to the maximum diameter which partially exceeds the annular convex part. By means of good rigidity and plasticity of metal, it is guaranteed that the metal sealing sleeve has high compression resistance, and meanwhile based on the plasticity of the metal, the part, protruding out of the pipe wall, of the annular protruding part is designed to be of a hollow structure, so that when the metal sleeve is plugged into a sealing pipe hole, the annular protruding part is subjected to axial extrusion force, and radial deformation occurs in the sealing pipe hole; and therefore, the annular convex parts which continuously fluctuate in the axial direction jointly form an axial sealing section in the sealing pipe hole, and the sealing effect of the metal sealing sleeve is enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of heat exchangers, and particularly relates to a metal-sealed sleeve and a shell-and-tube heat exchanger. Background Technique

[0002] A baffle plate is a plate that can change the flow direction of a fluid and is commonly used in shell-and-tube heat exchangers; in the prior art, a plurality of tube holes are provided on the baffle plate, and the heat exchange tubes pass through the baffle plate through the tube holes. Due to the problem of process machining accuracy, there is inevitably a certain deviation in the axial positions of the corresponding heat exchange tube holes between multiple baffle plates. Therefore, in order to ensure that the heat exchange tubes can be simultaneously sleeved on multiple baffle plates, the diameter of the heat exchange tube holes on the baffle plate needs to be slightly larger than the outer diameter of the heat exchange tubes. Specifically, reference can be made to the relevant regulations on the allowable deviation between the outer diameter of the heat exchange tubes and the heat exchange tube holes in the national standard GB / T 151-2014 for heat exchangers. Therefore, there is a gap between the baffle plate tube holes and the heat exchange tubes, and the fluid will directly leak through the gap between the baffle plate tube holes and the heat exchange tubes, resulting in a reduction in heat exchange efficiency.

[0003] The utility model patent with the patent publication number CN219640791U discloses a baffle plate and a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, which form an interference fit with the outer wall of the heat exchange tube by providing a stop portion on the hole wall of the tube hole. In this way, when the fluid flows through the water-facing side, impurities in the fluid will not enter between the heat exchange tube and the hole wall of the tube hole to form a blocking effect. The stop portion in this solution seals the gap between the baffle plate tube hole and the heat exchange tube through an interference fit; however, since the stop portion is a fixed component radially extending from the inner wall of the tube hole, in order to achieve interference fit sealing, the reserved through-hole diameter is smaller than the outer diameter of the heat exchange tube. In actual application production, due to the existence of a certain deviation in the axial positions of the corresponding heat exchange tube holes between multiple baffle plates, the heat exchange tubes cannot pass through multiple baffle plates with through-hole diameters less than or equal to their outer diameters at the same time, so this solution lacks practicality.

[0004] The utility model patent with the patent publication number CN217442335U discloses a heat exchanger with a membrane-sealed baffle, each of which includes a first hard plate, a sandwich membrane and a second hard plate. The first hard plate and the second hard plate are fixed to each other so as to clamp the sandwich membrane together. The first hard plate, the sandwich membrane and the second hard plate are provided with a plurality of tube holes for the heat exchange tubes to pass through. The circumferential side of the sandwich membrane and the inner wall of the tube shell are radially sealed, and / or the tube holes of the sandwich membrane are radially sealed with the heat exchange tubes. Compared with the traditional baffle tube bundle, the short circuit of the shell-side medium is reduced and the medium baffle effect is improved. It can be understood that in order to allow the heat exchange tube to pass through and achieve radial sealing, the sandwich membrane in this scheme must be made of a flexible material, and the flexible material has weak rigidity and poor pressure resistance, and the axial sealing layer formed by it is thin and easily broken under fluid pressure. If the sandwich membrane is made of a material with higher hardness, it needs to be designed into a petal shape; when the petal-shaped sandwich membrane holes are stretched open by the heat exchange tubes, the gaps between adjacent petals are enlarged, forming leakage gaps, and there is still the problem that the axial sealing layer is thin and easily broken under fluid pressure.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a metal sealing sleeve and a shell and tube heat exchanger with good pressure resistance and capable of forming a stable axial sealing section between the baffle tube hole and the heat exchange tube, so that the gap between the baffle tube hole and the heat exchange tube can be rigidly sealed while ensuring that the heat exchange tube can pass through multiple baffles at the same time. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the above-mentioned technical deficiencies and provide a metal sealing sleeve and a shell and tube heat exchanger, which have good pressure resistance and can form a stable axial sealing section between the baffle tube hole and the heat exchange tube, while ensuring that the heat exchange tube can pass through multiple baffles at the same time, the gap between the baffle tube hole and the heat exchange tube is rigidly sealed.

[0007] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the technical solution of the utility model provides a metal sealing sleeve, which includes a metal sleeve portion and a metal limiting portion. The tube wall of the metal sleeve portion is formed with an annular convex portion that continuously undulates along the axial direction, and the portion of the annular convex portion that protrudes from the tube wall is a hollow structure; the metal limiting portion extends radially outward from one end of the metal sleeve portion to a portion that exceeds the maximum diameter of the annular convex portion.

[0008] Preferably, the annular protrusion includes at least one guide portion, the diameter of the guide portion gradually increases along the direction of the metal sleeve portion toward one end of the metal limiting portion, and there is a smooth transition between the guide portion and the tube wall of the metal sleeve portion.

[0009] Preferably, the annular protrusion includes an arc-shaped transition portion smoothly connected to the guide portion, and the arc-shaped transition portion is arranged at the top end of the annular protrusion and forms a smoothly transitioned ridge.

[0010] Preferably, the maximum diameter of the annular convex part arranged in continuous undulations gradually decreases in the direction in which the metal sleeve part is away from the metal limiting part.

[0011] Preferably, one end of the metal sleeve part away from the metal limiting part axially extends a guiding end, and the diameter of the guiding end gradually shrinks in the direction in which the metal sleeve part is away from the metal limiting part.

[0012] Preferably, the annular convex part is arranged obliquely with respect to the central axis of the metal sleeve part.

[0013] Preferably, a break is provided on the annular tube body of the metal sealing sleeve along the length direction of the tube body, and the break extends from the metal limiting part to the metal sleeve part.

[0014] Based on the above metal sealing sleeve, the present invention further provides a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, which includes:

[0015] Baffle plates, and a plurality of heat exchange tube holes are provided on the baffle plates;

[0016] Heat exchange tubes, and the heat exchange tubes are sleeved in the heat exchange tube holes;

[0017] A metal sealing sleeve, the metal sleeve part of the metal sealing sleeve is sleeved in the heat exchange tube holes between the heat exchange tubes and the baffle plates, and the metal limiting part is arranged on the side of the metal sleeve part facing the water inlet side of the baffle plate.

[0018] Preferably, the maximum diameter of the annular convex part of the metal sleeve part is larger than the inner diameter of the heat exchange tube hole, the minimum diameter is larger than or equal to the outer diameter of the heat exchange tube and smaller than the inner diameter of the heat exchange tube hole, and the maximum diameter of the metal limiting part is larger than the inner diameter of the heat exchange tube hole.

[0019] Preferably, the baffle plate is a spiral baffle plate, and the annular convex part is arranged obliquely along the inclination angle of the heat exchange tube hole.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention include:

[0021] For the metal sealing sleeve of the present invention, by utilizing the good rigidity and plasticity of the metal, while ensuring that the metal sealing sleeve has strong compressive performance, based on the plasticity of the metal, by designing the part of the annular convex part protruding from the tube wall to be a hollow structure, when the metal sleeve is inserted into the sealing tube hole, the annular convex part is subjected to an axial extrusion force and undergoes a radial deformation in the sealing tube hole, so as to perform circumferential sealing on the sealing tube hole, and further enable the axially continuous undulating annular convex parts to jointly form an axial sealing section in the sealing tube hole, enhancing the sealing effect of the metal sealing sleeve.

[0022] For the metal sealing sleeve of the present utility model, a guiding part with a gradually increasing diameter is provided on the annular convex part along the direction from the metal sleeve part towards one end of the metal limiting part, and an arc-shaped transition part smoothly connected to the guiding part is designed, so as to form a smoothly transitioning ridge at the top of the annular convex part. Thus, the guiding part guides the annular convex part to be more conveniently squeezed into the sealing tube hole, and the arc-shaped transition part helps the annular convex part to be more smoothly squeezed into the sealing tube hole.

[0023] For the metal sealing sleeve of the present utility model, the maximum diameter of the annular convex parts continuously undulating on the tube wall gradually decreases along the direction of the metal sleeve part away from the metal limiting part, so that a cone is formed on the outer side of the metal sleeve. The maximum outer diameter at one end of the cone is greater than the inner diameter of the sealing tube hole, and the minimum outer diameter at the other end is less than the inner diameter of the sealing tube hole. When it is necessary to squeeze the metal sleeve part into the sealing tube hole, by inserting the smaller-diameter end of the cone into the sealing tube hole, a positioning and guiding basis is provided for the overall squeezing of the metal sleeve part into the sealing tube hole.

[0024] For the shell-and-tube heat exchanger of the present utility model, the metal sealing sleeve is used to seal the gap between the heat exchange tubes and the baffle plates. By designing the part of the annular convex part on the metal sealing sleeve protruding from the tube wall to be a hollow structure, when the metal sealing sleeve is inserted into the heat exchange tube hole, radial deformation occurs in the heat exchange tube hole, and circumferential sealing is performed on the gap between the heat exchange tubes and the baffle plates. Furthermore, the axially continuous and undulating annular convex parts jointly form an axial sealing section in the heat exchange tube hole, enhancing the sealing effect of the metal sealing sleeve on the gap between the heat exchange tubes and the baffle plates, and improving the heat exchange efficiency of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger; avoiding the problem that the heat exchange efficiency is reduced due to the direct leakage of fluid from the gap between the baffle plate tube hole and the heat exchange tube.

[0025] For the shell-and-tube heat exchanger of the present utility model, when the metal sealing sleeve is applied to a spiral baffle plate, the annular convex parts on the metal sealing sleeve are inclined along the inclination angle of the heat exchange tube hole. In the axial projection direction, the inclined annular convex parts can achieve circumferential sealing of the gap between the heat exchange tubes and the baffle plates. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0026] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the metal sealing sleeve described in the embodiment of the present utility model.

[0027] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the metal sealing sleeve described in the embodiment of the present utility model. Among them, Figure 2(a) is the front view of the metal sealing sleeve, and Figure 2(b) is a cross-sectional view along the A-A direction of Figure 2(a).

[0028] Figure 3 is another structural schematic diagram of the metal sealing sleeve described in the embodiment of the present utility model. Among them, Figure 3(a) is the front view of the metal sealing sleeve, and Figure 3(b) is a cross-sectional view along the F-F direction of Figure 3(a).

[0029] Figure 4 is another schematic structural view of the metal sealing sleeve according to the embodiment of the present invention. Among them, Fig. 4(a) is the front view of the metal sealing sleeve, and Fig. 4(b) is the sectional view taken along the B-B direction of Fig. 4(a).

[0030] Figure 5 is another schematic structural view of the metal sealing sleeve according to the embodiment of the present invention. Among them, Fig. 5(a) is the front view of the metal sealing sleeve, and Fig. 5(b) is the sectional view taken along the C-C direction of Fig. 5(a).

[0031] Figure 6 is another schematic structural view of the metal sealing sleeve according to the embodiment of the present invention. Among them, Fig. 6(a) is the front view of the metal sealing sleeve, and Fig. 6(b) is the sectional view taken along the D-D direction of Fig. 6(a).

[0032] Figure 7 is another schematic structural view of the metal sealing sleeve according to the embodiment of the present invention. Among them, Fig. 7(a) is the front view of the metal sealing sleeve, and Fig. 7(b) is the sectional view taken along the E-E direction of Fig. 7(a).

[0033] Figure 8 is the schematic fracture structure view of the metal sealing sleeve according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 9 is the half-sectional schematic view of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 10 is the sectional view of the metal sealing sleeve according to the embodiment of the present invention applied to the segmental baffle.

[0036] Figure 11 is Figure 10 the enlarged schematic view of part G in

[0037] Figure 12 is the sectional view of the metal sealing sleeve according to the embodiment of the present invention applied to the helical baffle.

[0038] Figure 13 is Figure 10 the enlarged schematic view of part H in

[0039] Figure 14 is the schematic structural view of the metal sealing sleeve with an inclined annular convex part according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 15 is the sectional view of the metal sealing sleeve with an inclined annular convex part according to the embodiment of the present invention applied to the helical baffle.

[0041] The marks of each component in the drawings are as follows:

[0042] 1. Metal sealing sleeve; 2. Heat exchanger cylinder; 3. Baffle; 4. Heat exchange tube; 11. Metal sleeve part; 12. Metal limiting part; 111. Annular convex part; 111a. Guiding part; 111b. Arc transition part; 101. Annular outer convex part; 102. Annular inner convex part; 103. Fracture; 104. Guiding end; 31. Heat exchange tube hole; 32. Bow-shaped baffle; 33. Spiral baffle. Detailed implementation mode

[0043] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present utility model and are not used to limit the present utility model.

[0044] Metals have a certain plasticity, that is, they can deform under certain conditions without destroying their structure. When the end of a metal pipe is pressed, through the slip and deformation between metal molecules, the metal material will undergo plastic deformation, and the originally straight pipe end will gradually shrink inward and the diameter will become smaller.

[0045] Based on the plasticity of metals, the present utility model provides a metal sealing sleeve, as Figure 1 shown in and Figure 2, the metal sealing sleeve 1 includes a metal sleeve part 11 and a metal limiting part 12. An axially continuous undulating annular convex part 111 is formed on the tube wall of the metal sleeve part 11, and the part of the annular convex part 111 protruding from the tube wall is a hollow structure; the metal limiting part 12 extends radially outward from one end of the metal sleeve part 11 to a part exceeding the maximum diameter of the annular convex part 111. Utilizing the good rigidity and plasticity of metals, while ensuring that the metal sealing sleeve 1 has strong compressive performance, based on the plasticity of metals, by designing the part of the annular convex part 111 protruding from the tube wall as a hollow structure, when the metal sleeve is inserted into the sealing tube hole, the annular convex part 111 is subjected to an axial extrusion force and undergoes radial deformation in the sealing tube hole, thereby performing circumferential sealing on the sealing tube hole, and further enabling the axially continuous undulating annular convex parts 111 to jointly form an axial sealing section in the sealing tube hole, enhancing the sealing effect of the metal sealing sleeve 1.

[0046] It can be understood that, in order to achieve a better sealing effect, the maximum diameter of the annular convex portion 111 is greater than the diameter of the sealing tube hole; therefore, in order to more conveniently insert the metal sleeve portion 11 into the sealing tube hole, as shown in FIG. 2, in some preferred embodiments, the annular convex portion 111 at least includes a guiding portion 111a, and the diameter of the guiding portion 111a gradually increases along the direction of the metal sleeve portion 11 toward one end of the metal limiting portion 12, and a smooth transition is formed between the guiding portion 111a and the tube wall of the metal sleeve portion 11; during the process of inserting the metal sleeve portion 11 into the sealing tube hole, the guiding portion 111a can guide the annular convex portion 111 to be more conveniently inserted into the sealing tube hole. In some more preferred embodiments, the annular convex portion 111 further includes an arc-shaped transition portion 111b that is smoothly connected to the guiding portion 111a, and the arc-shaped transition portion 111b is disposed at the top end of the annular convex portion 111 and forms a ridge with a smooth transition, which helps the annular convex portion 111 to be more smoothly inserted into the sealing tube hole.

[0047] To further facilitate the insertion of the metal sleeve portion 11 into the sealing tube hole, as shown in FIG. 3, in some preferred embodiments, the maximum diameter of the continuously undulating annular convex portion 111 gradually decreases along the direction of the metal sleeve portion 11 away from the metal limiting portion 12, so that a cone is formed on the outer side of the metal sleeve, the maximum outer diameter at one end of the cone is greater than the inner diameter of the sealing tube hole, and the minimum outer diameter at the other end is less than the inner diameter of the sealing tube hole. When it is necessary to insert the metal sleeve portion 11 into the sealing tube hole, by inserting the end with a smaller diameter of the cone into the sealing tube hole, a positioning and guiding basis is provided for the overall insertion of the metal sleeve portion 11 into the sealing tube hole. Specifically, in some more preferred embodiments, a guiding end 104 axially extends from one end of the metal sleeve portion 11 away from the metal limiting portion 12, and the diameter of the guiding end 104 gradually decreases along the direction of the metal sleeve portion 11 away from the metal limiting portion 12.

[0048] It should be noted that based on different usage environments, the annular convex portion 111 on the wall of the metal sleeve portion 11 has various structural forms. As shown in FIGS. 2 to 7, an annular inner convex portion 102 that protrudes radially inward and / or an annular outer convex portion 101 that protrudes radially outward are formed on the outer wall of the metal sleeve portion 11. Among them, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 7, in some preferred embodiments, an annular outer convex portion 101 that protrudes radially outward is formed on the outer wall of the metal sleeve portion 11; as shown in FIG. 5, in some other preferred embodiments, an annular inner convex portion 102 that protrudes radially inward is formed on the inner wall of the metal sleeve portion 11; as shown in FIG. 6, in some other preferred embodiments, an annular inner convex portion 102 that protrudes radially inward is formed on the inner wall of the metal sleeve portion 11, and at the same time, an annular outer convex portion 101 that protrudes radially outward is formed on the outer wall. When the metal sleeve portion 11 is provided with both the annular outer convex portion 101 and the annular inner convex portion 102, in order to enable the annular outer convex portion 101 and the annular inner convex portion 102 to be stressed as a whole, as shown in FIG. 2, in some more preferred embodiments, the annular outer convex portion 101 and the annular inner convex portion 102 are connected end to end in an alternating manner along the axial direction of the metal sleeve portion 11. When the metal sleeve portion 11 is subjected to an axial extrusion force, under the condition of the overall axial force, the annular outer convex portion 101 undergoes a radially outward deformation, and the annular inner convex portion 102 synchronously undergoes a radially inward deformation, forming an axial sealing section on both the inner and outer sides of the metal sleeve portion 11. As Figure 14 shown, the annular convex portion 111 is inclined with respect to the central axis of the metal sleeve portion 11.

[0049] The metal limiting portion 12 is used to prevent the metal sleeve portion 11 from falling off under the action of external pressure. Therefore, the metal limiting portion 12 is disposed on the side of the metal sealing sleeve 1 facing the fluid, and the metal sleeve portion 11 is disposed on the side of the metal sealing sleeve 1 facing away from the fluid. As Figure 1 shown in FIGS. and 2, in some preferred embodiments, the metal sleeve portion 11 is a ring-shaped limiting member extending radially outward from one end of the metal sleeve portion 11; in some other preferred embodiments, the metal limiting portion 12 is a plurality of radial limiting members distributed annularly around one end of the metal sleeve portion 11. Specifically, the maximum radial width of the metal limiting portion 12 is greater than the aperture of the sealed pipe hole.

[0050] To further facilitate the insertion of the metal sealing sleeve 1 into the sealed pipe hole, as Figure 8 shown, in some preferred embodiments, a break 103 is formed in the annular tube body of the metal sealing sleeve 1 along the tube body length direction. The break 103 extends from the metal limiting portion 12 to the metal sleeve portion 11, providing a circumferential deformation space for the metal sealing sleeve 1, making it easier for the metal sealing sleeve 1 to be inserted into the sealed pipe hole.

[0051] Based on the above metal sealing sleeve 1, the utility model applies the metal sealing sleeve 1 to a tubular heat exchanger to improve the sealing effect between the heat exchange tubes 4 and the baffle plates 3 in the tubular heat exchanger, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency of the tubular heat exchanger. As Figures 9 to 13 shown, the shell-and-tube heat exchanger includes a heat exchanger cylinder body 2, baffle plates 3, heat exchange tubes 4, and a metal sealing sleeve 1; the baffle plates 3 are coaxially arranged inside the heat exchanger cylinder body 2, and a plurality of heat exchange tube holes 31 are formed in the baffle plates 3; the heat exchange tubes 4 are sleeved in the heat exchange tube holes 31; the metal sleeve part 11 of the metal sealing sleeve 1 is sleeved in the heat exchange tube holes 31 between the heat exchange tubes 4 and the baffle plates 3, and the metal limiting part 12 is arranged on the water-facing side of the metal sleeve part 11 facing the baffle plate 3.

[0052] The tube body diameter of the metal sealing sleeve 1 is larger than the outer diameter of the heat exchange tube 4 and smaller than the inner diameter of the heat exchange tube hole 31; the maximum diameter of the annular convex part 111 of the metal sleeve part 11 is larger than the inner diameter of the heat exchange tube hole 31, and the minimum diameter is larger than or equal to the outer diameter of the heat exchange tube 4 and smaller than the inner diameter of the heat exchange tube hole 31; the maximum diameter of the metal limiting part 12 is larger than the diameter of the heat exchange tube hole 31. Based on the plasticity of the metal, the metal sealing sleeve 1 undergoes radial deformation when sleeved in the heat exchange tube hole 31 to perform circumferential sealing on the gap between the heat exchange tube 4 and the baffle plate 3, and the axially continuous undulating annular convex parts 111 jointly form an axial sealing section in the heat exchange tube hole 31, further enhancing the sealing effect of the metal sealing sleeve 1 on the gap between the heat exchange tube 4 and the baffle plate 3, and avoiding the problem of reduced heat exchange efficiency caused by direct leakage of fluid from the gap between the tube holes of the baffle plate 3 and the heat exchange tube 4.

[0053] It can be understood that, for the convenience of inserting the metal sleeve part 11 into the heat exchange tube hole 31, a guiding part 111a with a diameter gradually increasing in the direction from the metal sleeve part 11 towards the metal limiting part 12 is arranged on the annular convex part 111, and the guiding part 111a is smoothly transitioned with the tube wall of the metal sleeve part 11 to guide the annular convex part 111 to be squeezed into the heat exchange tube hole 31. More preferably, an arc-shaped transition part 111b that is smoothly connected to the guiding part 111a is arranged on the annular convex part 111, and the arc-shaped transition part 111b is arranged at the top of the annular convex part 111 and forms a smoothly transitioned ridge to help the annular convex part 111 be squeezed into the heat exchange tube hole 31 more smoothly.

[0054] It should be noted that based on different usage environments, the annular convex portions 111 on the wall of the metal sleeve portion 11 have various structural forms. As shown in FIGS. 2 to 7, an annular inner convex portion 102 protruding radially inward and / or an annular outer convex portion 101 protruding radially outward are formed on the outer wall of the metal sleeve portion 11. Among them, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 7, in some preferred embodiments, an annular outer convex portion 101 protruding radially outward is formed on the outer wall of the metal sleeve portion 11. At this time, the maximum diameter of the annular outer convex portion 101 is greater than the inner diameter of the heat exchange tube hole 31, and the minimum diameter is equal to the outer diameter of the heat exchange tube 4. When the metal sleeve portion 11 is subjected to an axial extrusion force, the annular outer convex portion 101 undergoes a radial outward deformation under the axial force and is squeezed against the inner wall of the heat exchange tube hole 31, and the tube wall between adjacent annular outer convex portions 101 is squeezed against the outer wall of the heat exchange tube 4, thereby forming an axial sealing section on both the inner and outer sides of the metal sleeve portion 11. As shown in FIG. 5, in some other preferred embodiments, an annular inner convex portion 102 protruding radially inward is formed on the inner wall of the metal sleeve portion 11. At this time, the maximum diameter of the annular inner convex portion 102 is greater than the inner diameter of the heat exchange tube hole 31, and the minimum diameter is equal to the outer diameter of the heat exchange tube 4. When the metal sleeve portion 11 is subjected to an axial extrusion force, the annular inner convex portion 102 undergoes a radial inward deformation under the axial force and is squeezed against the outer wall of the heat exchange tube 4, and the tube wall between adjacent annular outer convex portions 101 is squeezed against the inner wall of the heat exchange tube hole 31, thereby forming an axial sealing section on both the inner and outer sides of the metal sleeve portion 11. As shown in FIG. 6, in some other preferred embodiments, an annular inner convex portion 102 protruding radially inward is formed on the inner wall of the metal sleeve portion 11, and at the same time, an annular outer convex portion 101 protruding radially outward is formed on the outer wall. When both the annular outer convex portion 101 and the annular inner convex portion 102 are provided on the metal sleeve portion 11, in order to enable the annular outer convex portion 101 and the annular inner convex portion 102 to be stressed as a whole. At this time, the maximum diameter of the annular inner convex portion 102 is greater than the inner diameter of the heat exchange tube hole 31, and the minimum diameter is greater than the outer diameter of the heat exchange tube 4 and less than the inner diameter of the heat exchange tube hole 31. When the metal sleeve portion 11 is subjected to an axial extrusion force, under the overall axial force, the annular outer convex portion 101 undergoes a radial outward deformation and is squeezed against the outer wall of the heat exchange tube 4, and the annular inner convex portion 102 synchronously undergoes a radial inward deformation and is squeezed against the inner wall of the heat exchange tube hole 31, thereby forming an axial sealing section on both the inner and outer sides of the metal sleeve portion 11. As shown in FIG. 2, in some more excellent embodiments, the annular outer convex portion 101 and the annular inner convex portion 102 are connected end to end in an alternating manner along the axial direction of the metal sleeve portion 11. When the metal sleeve portion 11 is subjected to an axial extrusion force, under the overall axial force, the annular outer convex portion 101 undergoes a radial outward deformation and is squeezed against the outer wall of the heat exchange tube 4, and the annular inner convex portion 102 synchronously undergoes a radial inward deformation and is squeezed against the inner wall of the heat exchange tube hole 31, thereby forming an axial sealing section on both the inner and outer sides of the metal sleeve portion 11. Such asFigure 14 As shown, the annular convex portion is inclined with respect to the central axis of the metal sleeve portion.

[0055] Furthermore, it can be further set that the maximum diameter of the continuously undulating annular convex portion 111 gradually decreases along the direction away from the metal limiting portion 12 of the metal sleeve portion 11, so as to form a cone on the outer side of the metal sleeve. The maximum outer diameter at one end of the cone is greater than the inner diameter of the heat exchange tube hole 31, and the minimum outer diameter at the other end is less than the inner diameter of the heat exchange tube hole 31 and greater than the outer diameter of the heat exchange tube 4, so as to provide a positioning and guiding basis for the whole metal sleeve portion 11 to be squeezed into the sealing tube hole. Specifically, an axial extension of a guiding end 104 is provided at one end of the metal sleeve portion 11 away from the metal limiting portion 12, and the diameter of the guiding end 104 gradually decreases along the direction away from the metal limiting portion 12 of the metal sleeve portion 11. The minimum diameter of the guiding end 104 is less than the inner diameter of the heat exchange tube hole 31 and greater than the outer diameter of the heat exchange tube 4.

[0056] It should be noted that the metal sealing sleeve 1 can be applied to the heat exchange tube holes 31 of the segmental baffles 32, such as Figure 10 and Figure 11 shown; it can also be applied to the heat exchange tube holes 31 of the helical baffles 33, such as Figure 12 and Figure 13 shown. Further preferably, in the helical baffle 33 heat exchanger, the baffle 3 is a helical baffle 33. Since there is a certain inclination angle in the heat exchange tube holes 31 on the helical baffle 33, a gap with an inclination angle is also formed between the heat exchange tube 4 and the baffle 3; in order to better seal the gap between the heat exchange tube 4 and the baffle 3, as Figure 14 and Figure 15 shown, the annular convex portion is inclined with respect to the central axis of the metal sleeve portion. In some preferred embodiments, the annular convex portion 111 on the metal sealing sleeve 1 is inclined along the inclination angle of the heat exchange tube hole 31. In the axial projection direction, the inclined annular convex portion 111 can achieve circumferential sealing of the gap between the heat exchange tube 4 and the baffle 3. The specific inclination angle of the annular convex portion 111 can be set according to the inclination angle of the heat exchange tube hole 31.

[0057] Correspondingly, the present utility model also provides an installation method for a metal sealing sleeve in a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, which includes the following steps:

[0058] Before each heat exchange tube 4 is about to pass through the baffle 3, first sleeved a metal sealing sleeve 1 on the heat exchange tube 4;

[0059] After the heat exchange tube 4 passes through all the baffles 3, gradually knock or press the metal sealing sleeve 1 into the gap between the baffle 3 and the heat exchange tube 4.

[0060] Specifically, during the assembly process of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger, the heat exchange tubes 4 need to be axially passed through multiple baffle plates 3 in sequence. Before each heat exchange tube 4 is about to pass through the baffle plate 3, a metal sealing sleeve 1 is sleeved on the heat exchange tube 4 first, and the metal limiting part 12 of the metal sealing sleeve 1 is arranged towards the water-facing side of the baffle plate 3. After the heat exchange tubes 4 pass through all the baffle plates 3, the metal sealing sleeves 1 are successively knocked or pressed into the gaps between the baffle plates 3 and the heat exchange tubes 4; and so on. When the gaps between one heat exchange tube 4 and all the baffle plates 3 are all pressed with metal sealing sleeves 1, then the next heat exchange tube 4 is passed through; the tube-passing sequence of the heat exchange tubes 4 is from the center of the baffle plate 3 to the outside in sequence.

[0061] In summary, for the metal sealing sleeve and the shell-and-tube heat exchanger provided by the embodiment of the present invention, by utilizing the good rigidity and plasticity of the metal, while ensuring that the metal sealing sleeve 1 has strong compressive performance, based on the plasticity of the metal, by designing the part of the annular convex part 111 protruding from the tube wall as a hollow structure, when the metal sealing sleeve 1 is inserted into the heat exchange tube hole 31, it undergoes radial deformation in the heat exchange tube hole 31, and circumferentially seals the gap between the heat exchange tube 4 and the baffle plate 3. Furthermore, the axially continuous undulating annular convex parts 111 jointly form an axial sealing section in the heat exchange tube hole 31, enhancing the sealing effect of the metal sealing sleeve 1 on the gap between the heat exchange tube 4 and the baffle plate 3, and improving the heat exchange efficiency of the tube heat exchanger; avoiding the problem that the heat exchange efficiency is reduced due to the direct leakage of the fluid from the gap between the tube hole of the baffle plate 3 and the heat exchange tube 4.

[0062] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not impose any form of limitation on the present invention. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some changes or modifications to the above-disclosed technical content to form equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, but as long as it does not depart from the technical content of the present invention, any brief modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A metal sealing sleeve, used in a shell and tube heat exchanger, characterized in that: It includes a metal sleeve part and a metal limiting part. The tube wall of the metal sleeve part is formed with an annular convex part which continuously undulates along the axial direction. The part of the annular convex part protruding from the tube wall is a hollow structure. The metal limiting part extends radially outward from one end of the metal sleeve part to a part that exceeds the maximum diameter of the annular convex part.

2. The metal sealing sleeve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular protrusion at least includes a guide portion, the diameter of the guide portion gradually increases along the metal sleeve portion toward one end of the metal limiting portion, and the guide portion and the tube wall of the metal sleeve portion have a smooth transition.

3. The metal sealing sleeve according to claim 2, characterized in that: The annular protrusion includes an arc-shaped transition portion smoothly connected to the guide portion. The arc-shaped transition portion is arranged at the top end of the annular protrusion and forms a smoothly transitioned ridge.

4. The metal sealing sleeve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The maximum diameter of the continuously undulating annular protrusion gradually decreases along the direction in which the metal sleeve portion is away from the metal limiting portion.

5. The metal sealing sleeve according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guide end is axially extended from one end of the metal sleeve portion away from the metal limiting portion, and a diameter of the guide end gradually decreases along the direction in which the metal sleeve portion is away from the metal limiting portion.

6. The metal sealing sleeve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular protrusion is arranged to be inclined relative to the central axis of the metal sleeve portion.

7. The metal sealing sleeve according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fracture is provided on the annular tube body of the metal sealing sleeve along the length direction of the tube body, and the fracture extends from the metal limiting portion to the metal sleeve portion.

8. A shell and tube heat exchanger, characterized in that: include: A baffle plate, wherein a plurality of heat exchange tube holes are formed on the baffle plate; A heat exchange tube, wherein the heat exchange tube is inserted into the heat exchange tube hole; The metal sealing sleeve as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the metal sleeve portion of the metal sealing sleeve is sleeved in the heat exchange tube hole between the heat exchange tube and the baffle, and the metal limiting portion is arranged on the water-facing side of the metal sleeve portion facing the baffle.

9. The shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 8, characterized in that: The maximum diameter of the annular protrusion of the metal sleeve part is larger than the inner diameter of the heat exchange tube hole, the minimum diameter is larger than or equal to the outer diameter of the heat exchange tube and smaller than the inner diameter of the heat exchange tube hole, and the maximum diameter of the metal limiting part is larger than the inner diameter of the heat exchange tube hole.

10. The shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 8, characterized in that: The baffle is a spiral baffle, and the annular protrusion is inclined along the inclination angle of the heat exchange tube hole.

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