Double-layer shaft casting casting device
By adopting a double-layer shaft casting device in the production of shaft castings, using double-sided sand cores and multi-channel casting structures, the problems of unstable iron filling and low production efficiency in traditional methods are solved, and high-quality and efficient shaft casting production is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422157604.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-04
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-27
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-09-04
AI Technical Summary
The traditional iron-type sand-covered casting method has defects such as unstable iron filling and slag oxidation in the production of shaft castings. The single-layer mold cavity leads to a small number of moldings and low production efficiency, and requires frequent heating of the iron mold, which increases costs and costs.
A double-layer shaft casting casting device is adopted, consisting of two identical iron molds. A double-sided sand core and casting port, straight runner, horizontal runner and other structures are set up between the two iron molds to form a double-layer casting cavity to achieve stable filling of molten iron, and maintain the high-temperature state of the iron mold through sufficient molten iron to reduce the number of heating times.
The quality and quantity of shaft castings are improved, production costs are reduced, production efficiency is improved, continuous production is achieved, and production waste rate is reduced.
Smart Images
Figure CN223028396U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the field of shaft casting, in particular to a casting device for double-layer shaft castings. Background Art
[0002] In iron mold casting with sand coating, a thin layer of sand is coated on the inner cavity of the metal mold to form a high-strength cavity. The production process of this technology is easy to realize automated production, and has the characteristics of energy saving, cost saving, high quality, environmental protection, etc. In traditional iron mold casting with sand coating production, the castings are generally placed horizontally. For shaft castings, the molten iron filling distance is long, the molten iron filling is not stable, and casting defects such as oxidation slag are likely to occur. Moreover, in the traditional iron mold casting with sand coating process, a single-layer cavity is set, so that the number of formed shaft parts is small and the production efficiency is low. Secondly, the amount of molten iron required for the single-layer cavity is small, so that the iron mold cannot reach the curing temperature of the coated sand after pouring. If continuous cyclic production is required, the iron mold must be heated separately, which not only increases the production cost but also seriously affects the production efficiency. Content of the Utility Model
[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a casting device for double-layer shaft castings. The utility model can realize the manufacture of double-layer castings, the molten iron filling is stable, the quality of shaft castings is greatly improved, and because of the sufficient amount of molten iron, the iron mold will be kept in a high-temperature state, the coated sand is stably cured, the cost is reduced, and the production efficiency is effectively improved.
[0004] The technical solution of the utility model: A casting device for double-layer shaft castings is composed of two identical iron molds closed. There is a sand coating layer on the inner groove surfaces of the two iron molds. A pouring gate, a sprue, a runner and a runner cavity are sequentially communicated between the two iron molds. There is a double-sided sand core between the sand coating layers of the two iron molds, and the double-sided sand core and the sand coating layers on both sides form two cavities. The cavity is communicated with the runner cavity through an ingate. The two iron molds are combined to form an exhaust groove communicated with the outside at one end of the cavity.
[0005] In the above-mentioned casting device for double-layer shaft castings, the pouring gate is in a trumpet shape with a large outer part and a small inner part.
[0006] In the aforementioned casting device for double-layer shaft castings, the two sides of the iron mold have side branches, and there are round holes for mold closing and fixing on the side branches.
[0007] In the aforementioned casting device for double-layer shaft castings, the middle part of the iron mold has a sprue groove, and a runner groove communicated with the sprue groove is arranged on the side of the sprue groove. There are multiple shaft-shaped grooves communicated with the runner groove in the iron mold. There are multiple sand injection holes in the sprue groove, the runner groove and the shaft-shaped grooves. The sand coating layer covers the sprue groove, the runner groove and the shaft-shaped grooves.
[0008] In the aforementioned double-layer shaft casting device, positioning pins and positioning pin sleeves are respectively arranged at the inner diagonals of the iron molds, and the two iron molds on both sides are connected through the cooperation of the positioning pins and the positioning pin sleeves.
[0009] In the aforementioned double-layer shaft casting device, positioning holes are arranged at the four corners of the inner side of the iron mold, and the positioning pins and the positioning pin sleeves are arranged in the positioning holes in a diagonal layout.
[0010] In the aforementioned double-layer shaft casting device, the positioning pin includes a pin base fixed in the positioning hole, and a cylindrical pin body is provided on the pin base; the positioning pin sleeve includes a sleeve body, and an elliptical hole matching the cylindrical pin body is provided in the sleeve body.
[0011] In the aforementioned double-layer shaft casting device, a plurality of structural grooves are provided on the back side of the iron mold, and structural protrusions are formed between the structural grooves, and the sand injection holes are arranged on the structural protrusions.
[0012] In the aforementioned double-layer shaft casting device, the cross-riser cavities are uniformly arranged in the cross-riser in a rectangular shape.
[0013] In the aforementioned double-layer shaft casting device, an arc buffer groove is provided at the bottom end of the sprue and at the connection with the cross-riser.
[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present utility model has the following advantages:
[0015] 1. In the present utility model, a coated sand layer is covered on the inner groove surface of the iron mold, and a double-sided sand core is placed between the two iron molds on both sides. The coated sand layer and the double-sided sand core form a double-layer casting cavity, and at this time, the pouring channel is also formed; molten iron is poured towards the pouring port, and the molten iron flows into the upper and lower layers of cross-risers respectively through the sprue, and then flows through each cross-riser cavity and the ingate from the cross-riser, and flows towards the double-layer casting cavity. The molten iron fills the casting cavity from bottom to top. Through this structural form, the molten iron can fill the mold smoothly. When the molten iron flows into the cavity, the gas in the cavity is discharged from the exhaust groove, greatly improving the quality of the shaft casting. And by setting the double-layer casting cavity, double the number of shaft castings can be obtained, and because a sufficient amount of molten iron will keep the iron mold in a high-temperature state, the coated sand is cured stably, and there is no need to heat the iron mold again, realizing continuous production, reducing costs, and effectively improving production efficiency.
[0016] 2. The pouring port is in the shape of a trumpet with a large outer diameter and a small inner diameter, which is convenient for injecting molten iron.
[0017] 3. To prevent the two iron molds from having different temperatures and inconsistent dimensions after thermal expansion, so that the positioning pin and the positioning pin sleeve can still be tightly matched, a cylindrical positioning pin and an elliptical positioning pin sleeve are used in cooperation.
[0018] 4. A locating pin and a locating pin sleeve are installed on the iron mold, which are respectively arranged at two diagonals, and two identical iron molds can fit together, improving the accuracy of the cooperation between the two iron molds. Since the structures of the two iron molds are the same, only one set of model devices is required for the two iron molds, saving the investment in model devices and facilitating the manufacturing and production management of the iron molds. Brief Description of the Drawings
[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the present utility model;
[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the shaft-shaped groove;
[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cavity;
[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the locating pin sleeve;
[0023] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the locating pin;
[0024] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the cylinder;
[0025] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structural groove.
[0026] Marking Explanation in the Drawings: 1 - Iron Mold, 2 - Shaft-shaped Groove, 3 - Sprue Runner Groove, 4 - Cross Runner Groove, 5 - Coated Sand Layer, 6 - Double-sided Sand Core, 7 - Cavity, 8 - Pouring Gate, 9 - Sprue, 10 - Cross Runner, 11 - Cross Runner Cavity, 12 - Exhaust Sub-groove, 13 - Exhaust Groove, 14 - Locating Pin, 15 - Locating Pin Sleeve, 16 - Locating Hole, 17 - Inner Gate, 18 - Model, 19 - Electric Heating Tube, 20 - Mold Plate Bracket, 21 - Cylinder, 22 - Pressing Plate, 23 - Sand Blasting Hole, 24 - Side Support, 25 - Round Hole, 26 - Structural Groove, 27 - Structural Protrusion, 28 - Arc Buffer Groove, 141 - Pin Base, 142 - Cylindrical Pin Body, 151 - Sleeve Body, 152 - Oval Hole. Detailed Embodiment
[0027] The present utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments, but it shall not be used as a basis for limiting the present utility model.
[0028] Embodiment: A double-layer shaft-shaped casting device is composed of two identical iron molds 1 clamped together. As shown in the attached Figure 1 figure. Since the structures of the two iron molds are the same, only one set of model devices is required for the two iron molds, saving the investment in model devices and facilitating the manufacturing and production management of the iron molds. As shown in the attached Figure 1As shown, the middle part of the iron mold 1 has a sprue groove 3, and the side of the sprue groove 3 is communicated with a runner groove 4 which is communicated with the sprue groove 3; there are multiple axial grooves 2 in the iron mold 1 which are communicated with the runner groove 4, as shown in the appendix Figure 2 As shown, there are multiple sand injection holes 23 in the sprue groove 3, the runner groove 4 and the axial groove 2. When the upper sand layer is covered on the inner side of the iron mold, the iron mold is placed on the template support 20 of the model device. The model device is equipped with an electric heating tube 19 to heat the model 18. After the iron mold 1 and the model 18 are clamped, a gap for the sand layer is formed between them; a cylinder 21 is installed on the template support 20, as shown in the appendix Figure 6 As shown, it is used to press the pressing plate 22 against the sides of the model and the iron mold. The pressing plate 22 presses the exposed gap between the iron mold and the model to prevent sand from running out from the side during sand injection; the coated sand is blown into the gap between the iron mold and the model from the sand injection holes 23 of the iron mold by professional equipment. The coated sand is cured and adhered to the iron mold under the condition of being heated. After the sand layer is covered on the groove surfaces of the shaping groove, the sprue groove and the transverse runner groove of the iron mold, a double-sided sand core is placed between the two iron molds on both sides. The sand layer and the double-sided sand core form a double-layer casting cavity, and at this time the pouring channel is also formed; there is a sand layer 5 on the inner groove surfaces of the sprue groove 3, the runner groove 4 and the axial groove 2. There is a double-sided sand core 6 between the sand layers 5 of the two iron molds 1. The double-sided sand core 6 and the sand layers 5 on both sides form two cavities 7, as shown in the appendix Figure 3 As shown; the sand layers 5 on both sides are combined to form a pouring port 8, a sprue 9, a runner 10 and a runner cavity 11 which are connected in sequence. The runner cavity 11 is communicated with the cavity 7 through the ingate; the two iron molds 1 are positioned and connected through a bushing structure. The pouring port 8 is in the shape of a trumpet with a large outer and a small inner diameter to facilitate the inflow of molten iron. The two sides of the iron mold 1 have side branches 24, and the side branches 24 have round holes 25 for clamping and fixing. The two iron molds need to be fixed after clamping, and bolts are inserted into the round holes. One end of the inner side of the iron mold 1 corresponding to the cavity 7 has an exhaust split groove 12. The exhaust split grooves 12 on the two iron molds 1 on both sides are combined to form an exhaust groove 13. The depth range of the exhaust split groove 12 is between 0.14 and 0.16 mm, and the depth range of the exhaust groove 13 is between 0.28 and 0.32 mm. During the pouring process, during the upward flow of the molten iron, the gas is concentrated at the upper end of the cavity, and the gas is discharged from the exhaust groove, reducing the occurrence of air entrapment phenomena, so that the casting will not have defects such as insufficient pouring or pores; the depth of the exhaust split groove is generally selected as 0.15 mm, and the depth of the exhaust groove is generally selected as 0.3 mm.
[0029] Positioning pins 14 and positioning bushings 15 are respectively installed at the inner diagonals of the iron mold 1, as shown in the appendix Figure 4 and 5As shown in the figure, the iron molds 1 on both sides are connected by the cooperation of the positioning pins 14 and the positioning pin sleeves 15. Positioning pins and positioning pin sleeves are installed at the inner diagonal corners of the two iron molds. When the two iron molds are fitted together, the positioning pin on one side is inserted into the positioning pin sleeve on one side. The inner four corners of the iron mold 1 are provided with positioning holes 16. The positioning pins 14 and the positioning pin sleeves 15 are arranged diagonally in the positioning holes 16. By inserting the positioning pins and the positioning pin sleeves into the positioning holes, the positioning pins and the positioning pin sleeves can be installed more stably, facilitating the stable cooperation between the positioning pins and the positioning pin sleeves.
[0030] The positioning pin 14 includes a pin base 141 fixed in the positioning hole 16. As shown in the appendix Figure 5 As shown, the pin base 141 is provided with a cylindrical pin body 142; the positioning pin sleeve 15 includes a sleeve body 151. As shown in the appendix Figure 4 As shown, the sleeve body 151 is provided with an elliptical hole 152 that cooperates with the cylindrical pin body 142. To prevent the two iron molds from having different temperatures and inconsistent dimensions after thermal expansion, so that the positioning pins and the positioning pin sleeves can still be closely fitted, a cylindrical positioning pin and an elliptical positioning pin sleeve are used in cooperation. The elliptical hole of the positioning pin sleeve can leave a certain space for the cylindrical pin body. The length direction of the elliptical hole coincides with the center diagonal line of the iron mold, and the positioning pin is located on the other diagonal line of the iron mold.
[0031] The back side of the iron mold 1 has a plurality of structural grooves 26. As shown in the appendix Figure 7 As shown, structural protrusions 27 are formed between the structural grooves 26. The sand injection holes 23 are arranged on the structural protrusions 27. This structural groove can reduce the weight of the iron mold while ensuring the structural strength of the iron mold. The transverse runner cavities 11 are uniformly arranged in a rectangular shape in the transverse runner 10. When the molten iron flows into the transverse runner cavities 11, it will be buffered, and the molten iron can fill the mold smoothly. The bottom end of the sprue 9 and the connection with the transverse runner 10 are provided with an arc buffer groove 28, which is also for the stable flow of the molten iron to ensure the filling of the molten iron.
[0032] The casting method based on the double-layer shaft casting device is as follows:
[0033] Step 1: Place the iron mold on the template support 20 of the model device. The model device is equipped with electric heating tubes 19 to heat the model 18. After the iron mold 1 and the model 18 are closed, a gap for the coated sand layer is formed between them; a cylinder 21 is installed on the template support 20. As shown in the appendix Figure 6As shown in the figure, a pressing plate 22 is used to press against the side surfaces of the mold and the iron mold. The pressing plate 22 presses the exposed gap between the iron mold and the mold to prevent sand from running out from the side during sand shooting. Professional equipment is used to blow the coated sand into the gap between the iron mold and the mold through the sand shooting hole 23 of the iron mold. The coated sand solidifies and adheres to the iron mold when heated. After a sand-covered layer is formed on the groove surfaces of the shaping groove, the sprue groove, and the transverse runner groove of the iron mold, a double-sided sand core is placed between the two side iron molds. The sand-covered layer and the double-sided sand core form a double-layer casting cavity. At this time, the casting channel is also formed accordingly.
[0034] Step 2: Pour molten iron towards the pouring gate. The molten iron flows into the upper and lower transverse runners respectively through the sprue, and then flows through each transverse runner cavity and the ingate respectively from the transverse runners, and flows towards the double-layer casting cavity. The molten iron fills the casting cavity from bottom to top, and at the same time, the gas is discharged from the exhaust groove. Wait for the molten iron to cool, and the shaft-type casting is formed. The casting cavity is double-layered. When pouring molten iron from the pouring gate, there is enough molten iron volume, which will generate enough heat to raise the temperature of the iron mold to 200 - 230 °C, facilitating the next sand-covered molding on the iron mold and saving the step of heating the iron mold.
[0035] Compared with the prior art, on the basis of the iron mold sand-covered process method, the present utility model improves the process method for shaft-type castings, realizes the mechanized and efficient production of shaft-type castings, and improves production efficiency and reduces the production rejection rate. Currently, the two iron molds in the iron mold sand-covered casting process are different, and two different iron molds need to be manufactured. However, in this utility model, the two same iron molds can be combined together, and only one mold device is required to be matched with them. Therefore, the mold investment is saved.
[0036] The working principle of the present utility model: A sand-covered layer is formed on the groove surfaces of the shaft-type groove, the sprue groove, and the transverse runner groove of the iron mold. The formation of the sand-covered layer mainly cooperates with the mold, and sand is injected from the sand shooting hole, and the inner groove surface of the iron mold is covered with sand. A double-sided sand core is placed between the two side iron molds. The sand-covered layer and the double-sided sand core form a double-layer casting cavity. At this time, the casting channel is also formed accordingly. Pour molten iron towards the pouring gate. The molten iron flows into the upper and lower transverse runners respectively through the sprue, and then flows through each transverse runner cavity and the ingate respectively from the transverse runners, and flows towards the double-layer casting cavity. The molten iron fills the casting cavity from bottom to top. With this structural form, the molten iron can fill the mold smoothly. When the molten iron flows into the cavity, the gas in the cavity is discharged from the exhaust groove, greatly improving the quality of the shaft-type casting. And by setting the double-layer casting cavity, double the number of shaft-type castings can be obtained. And because of the sufficient amount of molten iron, the iron mold can be kept in a high-temperature state, the coated sand solidifies stably, and there is no need to heat the iron mold again, realizing continuous production, reducing costs, and effectively improving production efficiency.
[0037] The above embodiments only illustrate the implementation manners of the present utility model, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed. However, it should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of the utility model patent. In these embodiments, up, down, left, right, front, and back only represent their relative positions rather than their absolute positions. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present utility model, several modifications and improvements can still be made, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of the present utility model patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims
1. Double-layer shaft casting device, characterized in that: The invention is composed of two identical iron molds (1) which are molded together; the inner groove surfaces of the two iron molds (1) are covered with a sand coating (5); a pouring gate (8), a sprue (9), a runner (10) and a runner cavity (11) which are connected in sequence are arranged between the two iron molds (1); a double-sided sand core (6) is provided between the sand coatings (5) of the two iron molds (1); the double-sided sand core (6) and the sand coatings (5) on both sides form two cavities (7); the cavity (7) is connected with the runner cavity (11) via an inner gate; the two iron molds (1) are combined at one end of the cavity (7) to form an exhaust groove (13) which is connected with the outside.
2. The double-layer shaft casting device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The pouring port (8) is in a trumpet shape that is larger on the outside and smaller on the inside.
3. The double-layer shaft casting device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The iron mold (1) has side branches (24) on both sides, and the side branches (24) have circular holes (25) for mold clamping and fixing.
4. The double-layer shaft casting device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The middle part of the iron mold (1) has a sprue groove (3), and the side of the sprue groove (3) has a runner groove (4) connected to the sprue groove (3); the iron mold (1) has a plurality of shaft grooves (2) connected to the runner groove (4), and the sprue groove (3), the runner groove (4) and the shaft groove (2) have a plurality of sand shooting holes (23); the sand coating layer covers the sprue groove (3), the runner groove (4) and the shaft groove (2).
5. The double-layer shaft casting device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Positioning pins (14) and positioning pin sleeves (15) are respectively arranged on the inner diagonals of the iron mold (1), and the iron molds (1) on both sides are connected through the cooperation of the positioning pins (14) and the positioning pin sleeves (15).
6. The double-layer shaft casting device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The four inner corners of the iron mold (1) are provided with positioning holes (16), and the positioning pins (14) and positioning pin sleeves (15) are arranged diagonally in the positioning holes (16).
7. The double-layer shaft casting device according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The positioning pin (14) comprises a pin base (141) fixed in the positioning hole (16), and the pin base (141) has a cylindrical pin body (142); the positioning pin sleeve (15) comprises a sleeve body (151), and the sleeve body (151) has an elliptical hole (152) matching the cylindrical pin body (142).
8. The double-layer shaft casting device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The back side of the iron mold (1) is provided with a plurality of structural grooves (26), structural protrusions (27) are formed between the structural grooves (26), and the sand-shooting holes (23) are arranged on the structural protrusions (27).
9. The double-layer shaft casting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The runner cavity (11) is rectangular and evenly arranged in the runner (10).
10. The double-layer shaft casting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A circular arc buffer groove (28) is provided at the bottom end of the sprue (9) and at the point where it communicates with the cross runner (10).