Novel piston
By setting multiple circular pits in the top surface of the piston and the combustion chamber grooves to form turbulence and extrusion, the problem of insufficient combustion of oil mist in the combustion chamber is solved, the full mixing of fuel and air is achieved, and the combustion efficiency and overall stability of the engine are improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422447817.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-10
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-27
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-10-10
AI Technical Summary
The oil mist in the combustion chamber grooves in the existing pistons is insufficiently burned, resulting in poor power and high content of waste gas pollutants.
Designing a new type of piston includes providing a plurality of circular pits in the top surface of the piston and the combustion chamber groove to form irregular turbulence and extrusion, thereby achieving full mixing of fuel and air.
By fully mixing oil and gas, the combustion efficiency can be improved, the emission of harmful substances will be reduced, the oil consumption will be reduced, and the service life of the piston will be extended.
Smart Images
Figure CN223035145U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of pistons, and particularly relates to a new type of piston. Background Art
[0002] Diesel engines have a relatively high compression ratio. Due to their characteristics such as high thermal efficiency, good economy, and wide working range, they are widely used in ships, construction machinery, and stationary power machinery.
[0003] In recent years, with the improvement of engine technology, the performance indicators of exhaust gas emissions have been continuously strengthened, and the emission requirements have become increasingly strict. High combustion efficiency directly affects many aspects of the engine's emissions, performance, fuel consumption, noise, and reliability.
[0004] In order to achieve high combustion efficiency, ordinary engine piston combustion chamber grooves adopt ω-shaped combustion chamber grooves. However, using ω-shaped combustion chamber grooves makes the air vortex entering the combustion chamber groove too large, unable to make the fuel spray from the injector mix evenly with the fresh air, resulting in incomplete combustion, increased fuel consumption. At the same time, the orifice of the ω-shaped combustion chamber groove has a sudden change in shape and is in the high-temperature area of ignition and combustion, which is prone to cause local cracking of the orifice of the piston ω-shaped combustion chamber groove.
[0005] To solve the problems of incomplete combustion and local cracking of the combustion chamber groove orifice, the existing pistons make the top of the piston and the top of the combustion chamber groove arc-shaped. Although it alleviates the problem of incomplete combustion to a certain extent, in actual use, due to the relatively fixed air flow during intake and exhaust, there is always a certain range where the fresh air entering the combustion chamber groove and the oil mist ejected by the injector cannot be mixed evenly, resulting in incomplete fuel combustion and relatively high levels of toxic substances in the exhaust gas.
[0006] In summary, there is an urgent need for a new type of piston to solve the problems of poor power and high content of exhaust gas pollutants caused by incomplete combustion of oil mist in the combustion chamber groove of the existing pistons. Content of the Utility Model
[0007] An embodiment of the utility model provides a new type of piston, aiming to solve the problems of poor power and high content of exhaust gas pollutants caused by incomplete combustion of oil mist in the combustion chamber groove of the existing pistons.
[0008] The embodiment of the utility model is implemented as follows:
[0009] A new type of piston includes:
[0010] A piston, including a head and a skirt. The head is divided into a piston top surface, a combustion chamber groove, and an oil ring.
[0011] The combustion chamber groove is a groove arranged in the middle of the piston top surface, and the oil ring is a multi-layered circular ring arranged on the piston outside the combustion chamber groove;
[0012] The skirt is an arched structure, which is arranged on the piston at the bottom of the combustion chamber groove, and a circular through hole is arranged in the middle of the skirt;
[0013] The piston top surface, the combustion chamber groove and the skirt are provided with a plurality of circular pits.
[0014] Furthermore, an arched protrusion is provided inside the combustion chamber groove.
[0015] Furthermore, a plurality of circular pits are provided on the surface of the arched protrusion, and a plurality of conical pits are provided at the connection between the arched protrusion and the combustion chamber groove.
[0016] Furthermore, the diameter of the circular pit is not greater than 5 mm.
[0017] Furthermore, the depth of the circular pit is no more than 0.25 mm.
[0018] The beneficial effects achieved by the utility model are:
[0019] The utility model provides a plurality of grooves in the piston top surface and the combustion chamber groove, thereby forming many irregular turbulences and squeeze flows when the piston inhales air, so as to achieve the effect of fully mixing the fuel and the air when the engine is working, so that the oil burns more fully and the emission of harmful substances is effectively reduced. The skirt part adds pits, which is beneficial to reducing the pressure difference between the combustion chamber groove and the crankcase, reducing the upward movement of the lubricating oil when the engine is exhausted, and reducing the consumption of engine oil. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0020] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a new type of piston provided by the utility model;
[0021] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the piston top surface of the utility model.
[0022] Figure Number:
[0023] 100, piston; 110, head; 111, piston top surface; 112, oil ring; 113, circular pit; 120, skirt; 130, combustion chamber groove; 131, arched protrusion; 132, conical pit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0024] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.
[0025] Example 1
[0026] Referring to Figure 1 , in the embodiment of the present utility model, this embodiment provides a novel piston 100, including:
[0027] The piston 100 includes a head 110 and a skirt 120. The head 110 is divided into a piston top surface 111, a combustion chamber groove 130, and an oil ring 112.
[0028] Among them, the combustion chamber groove 130 is a groove provided in the middle of the piston top surface 111. The oil ring 112 is a multi-layer ring provided on the piston 100 outside the combustion chamber groove 130;
[0029] The skirt 120 is an arched structure provided on the piston 100 at the bottom of the combustion chamber groove 130, and a circular through hole is provided in the middle of the skirt 120;
[0030] The piston top surface 111, the combustion chamber groove 130, and the skirt 120 are provided with a plurality of circular pits 113.
[0031] The piston 100 seals the cylinder block to ensure the full compression of fuel and air, and at the same time realizes the pushing of the high-temperature and high-pressure gas after combustion on the piston 100, improves the thermal efficiency, reduces fuel consumption, and the full combustion can fully release the chemical energy of the fuel and improve the thermal efficiency of the engine.
[0032] In this embodiment, the piston 100 includes a head 110 and a skirt 120. Among them, the function of the head 110 is to prevent high-temperature and high-pressure gas from entering the crankcase and prevent engine oil from entering the combustion chamber groove 130; the function of the skirt 120 is to bear the guiding and side pressure of the reciprocating motion of the piston 100 in the cylinder. The head 110 is provided at the upper end of the piston 100, and the skirt 120 is provided at the lower end of the piston 100. The head 110 and the cylinder head jointly form the combustion chamber groove 130 to bear the gas force; parts such as the skirt 120, the oil ring 112, and the piston pin form the piston 100 group. When the air-fuel mixture burns in the combustion chamber groove 130, a certain pressure will be generated in the combustion chamber groove 130, and then it will push the head 110 to move downward along the inner wall of the piston 100 cylinder. The downward force on the piston 100 is transmitted to the crankshaft through the piston pin and the connecting rod, and then power is generated.
[0033] Specifically, the head 110 is divided into a piston top surface 111, a combustion chamber groove 130, and an oil ring 112. The piston top surface 111 is provided on the top surface of the piston 100 and is used to squeeze the air-fuel mixture. The piston top surface 111 and the cylinder block of the internal combustion engine form a certain combustion chamber groove 130. The shape of the piston top surface 111 is cylindrical, and the piston top surface 111 and the piston head 110 can be integrally formed by casting.
[0034] The top surface 111 of the piston is provided with a combustion chamber groove 130 for storing the oil-gas mixture. The cross-sectional shape of the combustion chamber groove 130 is in the shape of "ω". The surface of the combustion chamber groove 130 is provided with a plurality of circular pits 113. When the oil and gas are mixed and the mixed oil and gas burn, the airflow in the combustion chamber is disordered. Thus, when the oil and gas are mixed, the atomized fuel and air can be mixed more evenly. When the oil and gas burn, the mixed oil and gas burns more thoroughly.
[0035] The oil ring 112 is arranged on the side surface of the piston 100 and is used to seal the combustion chamber to prevent the gas from leaking into the crankcase. At the same time, it can also play the roles of scraping oil, dissipating heat and reducing wear. The number of oil rings 112 can be 2, 3 or 4, and the specific number can be selected according to actual requirements.
[0036] The skirt 120 is an arched structure and forms a sliding fit with the cylinder wall, bearing the side pressure and friction. The skirt 120 is used for lubrication between the piston 100 and the cylinder wall. It is easy to understand that the skirt 120 is provided with oil holes and oil grooves. The lubricating oil enters the gap between the piston skirt 120 and the cylinder wall through the oil holes to form an oil film, playing a lubricating role.
[0037] Furthermore, the combustion chamber groove 130 is a groove provided in the middle of the top surface 111 of the piston. The oil ring 112 is a multi-layer circular ring arranged on the piston 100 outside the combustion chamber groove 130. The top surface 111 of the piston is provided with a plurality of circular pits 113. Both the combustion chamber groove 130 and the skirt 120 are provided with a plurality of circular pits 113. It should be noted that the circular pits 113 are symmetrically distributed about the center line of the piston 100. The number of circular pits 113 can be 2, 3 or more, and the specific number can be selected according to the actual displacement of the piston 100.
[0038] When the oil-gas mixture burns in the combustion chamber, the high-speed air enters the combustion chamber through the air inlet. After passing through the surface of the circular pit 113 on the piston head 110, the airflow is disordered. At the same time, the fuel injection hole injects fuel, and the turbulent air can be mixed with the fuel more evenly. When the mixed oil and gas burns, due to the circular pits 113, when the piston 100 operates, the pressure on the top surface 111 of the piston can be reduced, thereby improving the overall stability and safety of the engine, making the oil and gas in the combustion chamber burn more fully, reducing the sediment content in the combustion chamber, and reducing the emission of harmful substances.
[0039] Example 2
[0040] See Figure 2 , in the embodiment of the present utility model, an arched protrusion 131 is provided inside the combustion chamber groove 130.
[0041] In this embodiment, an arched protrusion 131 is provided inside the combustion chamber groove. The height of the arched protrusion 131 can be 2 mm, 3 mm, or 4 mm, 6 mm, 8 mm. The specific height can be selected according to actual requirements. With the arched protrusion 131 provided, when the oil-gas mixture burns in the combustion chamber groove 130, the generated pressure can be evenly distributed on the inner wall of the combustion chamber groove 130, enabling the pressure received by the piston head 110 to be uniform, avoiding the problem of excessive local pressure, and extending the service life and useful life of the piston 100.
[0042] Example 3
[0043] See Figure 2 , in the embodiment of the present utility model, a plurality of circular pits 113 are provided on the surface of the arched protrusion 131, and a plurality of conical pits 132 are provided at the connection between the arched protrusion 131 and the combustion chamber groove 130.
[0044] In this embodiment, a plurality of circular pits 113 are provided on the surface of the arched protrusion 131. The number of circular pits 113 is at least two. The specific number can be selected according to the diameter of the circular pits 113 and the surface area of the arched protrusion 131. It should be noted that the circular pits 113 are evenly arranged according to the center line of the piston 100. After the mixed oil and gas burn, a certain turbulence will be generated on the surface of the circular pits 113 on the arched protrusion 131. A plurality of circular pits 113 generate a plurality of turbulences, and the plurality of turbulences can form a turbulent boundary layer closely attached to the surface of the arched protrusion 131 on the surface of the arched protrusion 131, thereby making the oil-gas mixture burn more fully in the combustion chamber.
[0045] Specifically, a plurality of conical pits 132 are provided at the connection between the arched protrusion 131 and the combustion chamber groove 130. The conical pits 132 and the circular pits 113 form a pit matrix. After the mixed oil and gas burn, a certain amount of air remains in the conical pits 132 and the circular pits 113. The remaining air and the air after the mixed oil and gas burn generate a certain pressure difference, thereby generating a larger turbulent boundary layer on the entire surface of the arched protrusion 131, enabling the mixed oil and gas to burn fully in the combustion chamber groove 130 and being quickly discharged after combustion.
[0046] By providing a plurality of circular pits 113 on the surface of the arched protrusion 131, a turbulent boundary layer can be generated on the surface of the arched protrusion 131, thereby making the oil-gas mixture entering the combustion chamber groove 130 more uniform. At the same time, the mixed oil and gas can burn more thoroughly when burning, and thus the air discharged from the piston 100 is more environmentally friendly.
[0047] Example 4
[0048] See Figure 1, in the embodiment of the present utility model, the diameter of the circular pit 113 is not greater than 5 mm.
[0049] In this embodiment, the diameter of the circular pit 113 is not greater than 5 mm. It should be noted that the diameter of the circular pit 113 can be 5 mm, can also be 4 mm, can also be 3 mm, or even can be 2 mm. The diameter of the circular pit 113 can be selected and adjusted according to the different positions of the piston 100 and the number of circular pits 113 used in different areas. Specifically, in this embodiment, a circular pit with a diameter of 5 mm is preferably selected.
[0050] Example 5
[0051] See Figure 1 , in the embodiment of the present utility model, the depth of the circular pit 113 is not greater than 0.25 mm.
[0052] In this embodiment, the depth of the circular pit 113 is not greater than 0.25 mm. Specifically, the depth of the circular pit 113 can be 0.25 mm or can be 0.2 mm. The specific depth of the circular pit 113 can be selected and adjusted according to the number and arrangement position of the circular pits 113. In this embodiment, a depth value of 0.25 mm is preferably selected.
[0053] In the description of this specification, the descriptions with reference to terms such as "some embodiments", "schematic embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiments or examples are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present utility model. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
[0054] In addition, the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not used to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A novel piston, characterized in that: include: The piston includes a head and a skirt. The head is divided into a piston top surface, a combustion chamber groove and an oil ring. The combustion chamber groove is a groove arranged in the middle of the piston top surface, and the oil ring is a multi-layered circular ring arranged on the piston outside the combustion chamber groove; The skirt is an arched structure, which is arranged on the piston at the bottom of the combustion chamber groove, and a circular through hole is arranged in the middle of the skirt; The piston top surface, the combustion chamber groove and the skirt are provided with a plurality of circular pits.
2. The novel piston according to claim 1 is characterized in that: An arched protrusion is arranged inside the combustion chamber groove.
3. The novel piston according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A plurality of circular pits are arranged on the surface of the arched protrusion, and a plurality of conical pits are arranged at the connection between the arched protrusion and the combustion chamber groove.
4. The novel piston according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The diameter of the circular pit is no more than 5 mm.
5. The novel piston according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The depth of the circular pit is no more than 0.25 mm.