Low-energy-consumption coal-fired power generation system
By designing a low-energy-consuming coal-fired power generation system that comprehensively utilizes boiler steam, flue gas and slag heat, the problem of heat failure in traditional systems is solved, and efficient energy utilization and economic improvement is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422258727.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-13
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-27
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-09-13
AI Technical Summary
In the existing coal-fired power generation system, the steam and heat in the flue gas generated by the boiler cannot be effectively utilized, resulting in low energy conversion efficiency.
By comprehensively utilizing the heat in the steam, flue gas and slag generated by the boiler, a low-energy coal-fired power generation system is designed, including boilers, steam turbines, economizers, air preheaters, heat exchangers, first fan, slag discharge outlets, gasification chambers, second fan and other components, realizing multi-stage utilization of energy.
It significantly improves the overall utilization efficiency of energy, reduces fuel consumption, reduces system operating costs, and improves economics.
Smart Images
Figure CN223036373U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of boiler power generation, and particularly relates to a low-energy-consumption coal-fired power generation system. Background Art
[0002] A coal-fired power generation system is a power generation method that uses coal as fuel, generates heat energy by burning coal, and then converts it into electric energy. This system is widely used globally, especially in countries rich in coal resources.
[0003] In the existing traditional coal-fired power generation system, the steam generated by the boiler is directly used to drive the steam turbine, and the heat carried in the flue gas emission process fails to be effectively utilized, which not only wastes resources but also results in low overall energy conversion efficiency.
[0004] Based on the above situation, the utility model proposes a low-energy-consumption coal-fired power generation system, which can effectively solve the above problems. Summary of the Utility Model
[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a low-energy-consumption coal-fired power generation system. The low-energy-consumption coal-fired power generation system provided by the utility model realizes multi-level utilization of energy by comprehensively utilizing the heat in the steam, flue gas and slag generated by the boiler, significantly improves the overall utilization efficiency of energy, reduces fuel consumption at the same time, reduces the operation cost of the system, and improves the economy.
[0006] The utility model is realized by the following technical solutions:
[0007] A low-energy-consumption coal-fired power generation system includes a boiler. A steam outlet is arranged at the top of the boiler. The steam outlet is connected to a steam turbine through a pipeline. The steam turbine is connected to a generator set through a pipeline. A smoke exhaust pipe is arranged on one side of the boiler. The smoke exhaust pipe is connected to the inlet of an economizer through a pipeline. The outlet of the economizer is connected to the inlet of an air preheater through a pipeline. The outlet of the air preheater is connected to the inlet of a heat exchanger through a pipeline. The outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of a first fan through a pipeline. The outlet of the first fan is connected to a chimney through a pipeline. A slag discharge outlet is arranged at the bottom of the boiler. The lower part of the slag discharge outlet is connected to a gasification chamber. The left side of the gasification chamber is connected to the air inlet of a second fan through a pipeline. The air outlet of the second fan is connected to the steam turbine through a pipeline.
[0008] According to the above technical solution, as a further preferred technical solution of the above technical solution, the economizer is provided with a first condensation pipe, the heat exchanger is provided with a second condensation pipe, and both the first condensation pipe and the second condensation pipe are connected to the inlet of a water storage tank.
[0009] According to the above technical solution, as a further preferred technical solution of the above technical solution, a shunt pipe is provided inside the gasification chamber. The shunt pipe is connected to the outlet of the water storage tank through a pipeline, and a plurality of spray heads are arranged at the lower part of the shunt pipe.
[0010] According to the above technical solution, as a further preferred technical solution of the above technical solution, the lower part of the gasification chamber is connected to a heat exchange box. A heat exchange pipe is provided inside the heat exchange box, and the right side of the heat exchange pipe is connected to the water storage tank through a pipeline; a blanking port is provided at the bottom of the heat exchange box.
[0011] According to the above technical solution, as a further preferred technical solution of the above technical solution, the heat exchanger is a phase change finned tube heat exchanger.
[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
[0013] A low-energy consumption coal-fired power generation system provided by the present invention realizes multi-stage utilization of energy by comprehensively utilizing the heat in the steam, flue gas and slag generated by the boiler, significantly improves the overall energy utilization efficiency, reduces fuel consumption at the same time, reduces the operating cost of the system, and improves the economy. Description of the Drawings
[0014] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
[0015] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the gasification chamber of the present invention;
[0016] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the heat exchange box of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments
[0017] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the preferred implementation solutions of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. However, it should be understood that the drawings are only for illustrative purposes and cannot be construed as a limitation of this patent; for better illustration of this embodiment, some components in the drawings will be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the actual size of the product; for those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions in the drawings may be omitted. The positional relationships described in the drawings are only for illustrative purposes and cannot be construed as a limitation of this patent.
[0018] A low - energy - consumption coal - fired power generation system includes a boiler 1. A steam outlet 101 is provided at the top of the boiler 1. The steam outlet 101 is connected to a steam turbine 2 through a pipeline. The steam turbine 2 is connected to a generator set 3 through a pipeline. A smoke exhaust pipe 102 is provided on one side of the boiler 1. The smoke exhaust pipe 102 is connected to the inlet of an economizer 4 through a pipeline. The outlet of the economizer 4 is connected to the inlet of an air pre - heater 5 through a pipeline. The outlet of the air pre - heater 5 is connected to the inlet of a heat exchanger 6 through a pipeline. The outlet of the heat exchanger 6 is connected to the inlet of a first blower 7 through a pipeline. The outlet of the first blower 7 is connected to a chimney 8 through a pipeline. A slag discharge outlet 103 is provided at the bottom of the boiler 1. The lower part of the slag discharge outlet 103 is connected to a gasification chamber 9. The left side of the gasification chamber 9 is connected to the air inlet of a second blower 10 through a pipeline. The air outlet of the second blower 10 is connected to the steam turbine 2 through a pipeline.
[0019] By comprehensively utilizing the heat in the steam, flue gas and slag generated by the boiler 1, the multi - level utilization of energy is realized, the overall energy utilization efficiency is significantly improved, the fuel consumption is reduced at the same time, the operation cost of the system is reduced, and the economy is improved.
[0020] Further, in another embodiment, the economizer 4 is provided with a first condensate pipe 401, and the heat exchanger 6 is provided with a second condensate pipe 601. Both the first condensate pipe 401 and the second condensate pipe 601 are connected to the inlet of a water storage tank 11.
[0021] By providing the second condensate pipe 601 and the second condensate pipe 601, it is convenient to recycle the condensate water in the economizer 4 and the heat exchanger 6 to the water storage tank 11, reducing the waste of water resources and improving the utilization efficiency of water resources.
[0022] Further, in another embodiment, a shunt pipe 901 is provided inside the gasification chamber 9. The shunt pipe 901 is connected to the outlet of the water storage tank 11 through a pipeline, and a plurality of nozzles 902 are provided at the lower part of the shunt pipe 901.
[0023] By providing the shunt pipe 901 and the nozzles 902, the condensate water in the water storage tank 11 can flow into the nozzles 902 through the shunt pipe 23 and be sprayed out. After the cooling water contacts the slag and evaporates, a large amount of high - temperature steam is generated, which can more effectively promote the gasification process of the slag and improve the gasification efficiency.
[0024] Further, in another embodiment, the lower part of the gasification chamber 9 is connected to a heat exchange box 12. A heat exchange tube 121 is provided inside the heat exchange box 12. The right side of the heat exchange tube 121 is connected to the water storage tank 11 through a pipeline. A material discharge port 122 is provided at the bottom of the heat exchange box 12.
[0025] By providing a heat exchange box 12 which is connected to the water storage tank 11 through a heat exchange pipe 121, the heat exchange box 7 performs secondary heat exchange with the cooled slag to heat the water in the heat exchange pipe 25, thereby realizing the secondary utilization of the slag and ensuring the utilization rate; the discharge port 122 at the bottom of the heat exchange box 12 is used to discharge the processed materials or ash residues.
[0026] Furthermore, in another embodiment, the heat exchanger 6 is a phase change finned tube heat exchanger.
[0027] The working principle of an embodiment of the present utility model is as follows:
[0028] Coal burns in the boiler 1 to generate steam, and this steam is transported through the steam outlet 101 to the steam turbine 2, which in turn drives the generator set 3 to generate electric energy. At the same time, the flue gas generated by the boiler 1 enters the economizer 4 and the air preheater 5 in sequence through the exhaust pipe 102, and most of the sensible heat in the flue gas is absorbed. Then it enters the heat exchanger 6, where the heat exchanger 6 condenses and releases heat from the superheated water vapor, and a large amount of water vapor is absorbed by the low-temperature water in the heat exchange pipes. Finally, the processed flue gas is sent into the chimney 8 for discharge through the first fan 7. The slag at the bottom of the boiler 1 enters the gasification chamber 10 through the slag discharge port 103. The flow divider pipe 901 and the nozzle 902 in the gasification chamber 10 can flow the condensed water in the water storage tank 11 into the nozzle 24 through the flow divider pipe 23 and spray it out. After the cooling water contacts the slag, it evaporates to generate a large amount of high-temperature steam, and the generated heat energy is sent back to the steam turbine by the second fan for reuse.
[0029] Based on the description and drawings of the present utility model, those skilled in the art can easily manufacture or use a low-energy consumption coal-fired power generation system of the present utility model and can achieve the positive effects recorded in the present utility model.
[0030] Unless otherwise specified, in the present utility model, if there are terms such as "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., the orientation or positional relationship indicated is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms describing the orientation or positional relationship in the present utility model are only for illustrative purposes and cannot be understood as a limitation of this patent. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood in combination with the drawings and according to specific circumstances.
[0031] Unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, in this utility model, if there are terms such as "arranged", "connected" and "coupled", they should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model can be understood according to specific situations.
[0032] The above are only the preferred embodiments of this utility model, and do not impose any form of limitation on this utility model. Any simple modification or equivalent change made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of this utility model shall fall within the protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. A low energy consumption coal-fired power generation system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a boiler (1), wherein a steam outlet (101) is arranged at the top of the boiler (1), wherein the steam outlet (101) is connected to a steam turbine (2) through a pipeline, wherein the steam turbine (2) is connected to a generator set (3) through a pipeline; a smoke exhaust pipe (102) is arranged on one side of the boiler (1), wherein the smoke exhaust pipe (102) is connected to the inlet of an economizer (4) through a pipeline, wherein the outlet of the economizer (4) is connected to the inlet of an air preheater (5) through a pipeline, wherein the outlet of the air preheater (5) is connected to the inlet of an air preheater (5) through a pipeline. The boiler (1) is provided with a slag discharge port (103) at the bottom, the lower part of the slag discharge port (103) is connected to a gasification chamber (9), the left side of the gasification chamber (9) is connected to the air inlet of a second fan (10) through a pipeline, and the air outlet of the second fan (10) is connected to the steam turbine (2) through a pipeline.
2. A low energy consumption coal-fired power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The economizer (4) is provided with a first condenser (401), and the heat exchanger (6) is provided with a second condenser (601), and both the first condenser (401) and the second condenser (601) are connected to the inlet of the water storage tank (11).
3. A low energy consumption coal-fired power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A diverter pipe (901) is provided inside the gasification chamber (9), the diverter pipe (901) is connected to the outlet of the water storage tank (11) through a pipeline, and a plurality of nozzles (902) are provided at the lower part of the diverter pipe (901).
4. A low energy consumption coal-fired power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower part of the vaporization chamber (9) is connected to a heat exchange box (12), a heat exchange tube (121) is provided inside the heat exchange box (12), and the right side of the heat exchange tube (121) is connected to the water storage tank (11) through a pipeline; and a discharge port (122) is provided at the bottom of the heat exchange box (12).
5. A low energy consumption coal-fired power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchanger (6) is a phase-change fin-tube heat exchanger.