Waste liquid evaporation and incineration treatment device

Abstract

The utility model provides a waste liquid evaporation and incineration treatment device. The waste liquid evaporation and incineration treatment device comprises a high-temperature incinerator (3) and a waste liquid spraying evaporator (2) arranged on the process upstream of the high-temperature incinerator (3). The waste liquid spraying evaporator (2) comprises a spraying evaporation box body (27) and an evaporation pipe (28); the top of the spraying evaporation box body (27) is provided with a deflation connecting pipe (21) with a pressure type exhaust valve and a spraying head (22) used for injecting waste liquid and atomizing the waste liquid; an evaporation pipe (28) for introducing high-temperature water vapor is arranged in the spraying evaporation box body (27), organic matters in the waste liquid atomized by the spraying head (22) can be evaporated into combustible waste liquid vapor through heat exchange, and meanwhile, the high-temperature water vapor releases heat and becomes condensed water; a waste liquid steam outlet (23) connected with the high-temperature incinerator (3) is formed in the top of the spraying evaporation box body (27) and used for leading combustible waste liquid steam into the high-temperature incinerator (3).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of waste liquid treatment equipment and relates to a waste liquid evaporation and incineration treatment device. Background Art

[0002] Laboratory waste liquid is generated during the experimental research of scientific research institutions, the scientific research and teaching of institutions of higher learning, and the daily medical treatment of hospitals. Especially organic waste liquid, which has complex and variable components, not only contains a large amount of water, but also contains a small amount of organic liquids, heavy metals, particulate matters, flocculants and other impurities, such as flocculants.

[0003] Some laboratory waste liquids are acidic and some are alkaline. Strongly acidic and strongly alkaline waste liquids have extremely strong corrosiveness. Direct disposal will cause great corrosion to disposal equipment, conveying pipelines, conveying pumps, etc., thus affecting the service life of the equipment and the disposal effect.

[0004] Impurities such as heavy metals, particulate matters and flocculants in laboratory waste liquid are likely to cause blockage of conveying pumps and conveying pipelines, affecting the normal operation of the equipment. In addition, after chemical reactions occur due to the high-temperature oxidation of heavy metals and they are discharged with the tail gas, they will also pollute the environment. These harmful impurities in the waste liquid should be removed as much as possible before incineration treatment.

[0005] The calorific value of pure liquid organic matter is generally relatively high, but most laboratory waste liquids contain water, which reduces the calorific value of the waste liquid. Some waste liquids have extremely low organic matter content and are mostly water, but because they contain organic matter, they need to be treated as organic waste liquid. Such waste liquids have extremely low calorific value, and a lot of heat needs to be supplemented during the incineration treatment process, resulting in very high energy consumption for waste liquid treatment.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a waste liquid evaporation and incineration treatment device. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the invention provides a waste liquid evaporation and incineration treatment device, which, compared with the prior art, can extend the operation time of the equipment; and the formed wastewater is externally connected to the common laboratory wastewater treatment system, which can make full use of the existing laboratory wastewater treatment system. Compared with directly treating the waste liquid, the amount of waste liquid to be treated becomes smaller, the treatment difficulty is reduced, the treatment effect is good, the energy consumption is low, and the volume of the equipment will also become smaller, making it more suitable for the source treatment of laboratory waste liquid.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] The invention provides a waste liquid evaporation and incineration treatment device, which includes: a high-temperature incinerator, and the high-temperature incinerator is provided with a waste liquid inlet for injecting waste liquid and a tail gas outlet for discharging tail gas; characterized in that:

[0010] The described waste liquid evaporation and incineration treatment device further includes: a waste liquid spray evaporator disposed upstream of the high-temperature incinerator process;

[0011] The waste liquid spray evaporator includes a spray evaporation box body and evaporation tubes;

[0012] At the top of the spray evaporation box body, there is a gas discharge connection pipe with a pressure type exhaust valve, and a spray head for injecting waste liquid and atomizing the waste liquid;

[0013] Inside the spray evaporation box body, evaporation tubes are installed. The evaporation tubes can evaporate the organic matter in the waste liquid atomized by the spray head into combustible waste liquid steam through heat exchange. At the same time, the medium in the evaporation tubes releases heat and becomes a low-temperature medium;

[0014] At the top of the spray evaporation box body, there is a waste liquid vapor discharge port connected to the high-temperature incinerator, which is used to introduce the combustible waste liquid steam into the high-temperature incinerator

[0015] More preferably:

[0016] The described waste liquid evaporation and incineration treatment device further includes: a steam high-temperature air generator capable of generating high-temperature steam;

[0017] The spray evaporation box body is provided with a steam inlet pipe, which is connected to the steam high-temperature air generator and can introduce the high-temperature steam generated by the steam high-temperature air generator into each evaporation tube; at the other end of the evaporation tube, the condensed water after the steam is cooled is sent back to the steam high-temperature air generator through a pipeline.

[0018] More preferably:

[0019] The steam high-temperature air generator includes a steam generator and a high-temperature air generator;

[0020] The lower part of the generating body of the steam generator is a water space filled with water; the upper part is a steam space capable of storing water vapor; its top is provided with a steam outlet, which can send the generated steam to the upper header of the waste liquid spray evaporator; inside it, there is a heat exchanger. The top of the heat exchanger is connected to the tail gas outlet of the high-temperature incinerator, which is used to introduce the high-temperature tail gas generated by the high-temperature incinerator into the steam high-temperature air generator; the tail of the heat exchanger extends into the bottom of the high-temperature air generator;

[0021] The high-temperature air generator is provided with a low-temperature tail gas outlet, a cold air inlet, and a high-temperature air outlet connected to the tail gas purification device; air heat exchange tubes are arranged inside the high-temperature air generator; the air required for air heat exchange is fed in from the cold air inlet; the high-temperature air after heat exchange is discharged from the high-temperature air outlet and enters the high-temperature incinerator as the combustion-supporting air for waste liquid combustion.

[0022] More preferably:

[0023] The described waste liquid evaporation and incineration treatment device further includes: a waste liquid pre-processor;

[0024] The waste liquid pre-processor includes a pre-treatment cylinder and a sealing cover that can be detachably connected; an air inlet connecting pipe, a reagent connecting pipe, and a liquid inlet device pass through and extend into the pre-treatment cylinder on the sealing cover; a liquid outlet connecting pipe is arranged on the pre-treatment cylinder;

[0025] The air inlet connecting pipe is used to introduce air into the pre-treatment cylinder, and a one-way check valve that can only intake air and cannot exhaust air is installed;

[0026] The liquid inlet device is used to inject waste liquid into the pre-treatment cylinder; the upper end of the liquid inlet device is connected to a liquid addition pump through a pipeline; its lower end opening leads to the pre-treatment cylinder;

[0027] The reagent connecting pipe is used to inject a reagent for neutralizing the waste liquid, the upper end is connected to a reagent pump, and the lower end is inserted into the pre-treatment cylinder and is lower than the position of the liquid level controller connecting pipe; the liquid level controller is arranged below the liquid inlet device;

[0028] The liquid outlet connecting pipe has an inverted L-shaped structure, its vertical pipe extends into the cylinder body of the pre-treatment cylinder and the bottom end is higher than the conical structure, and the horizontal pipe extends out of the cylinder body and is connected to a liquid extraction pump, which can extract the pre-treated waste liquid and send it to relevant equipment downstream of the process.

[0029] More preferably:

[0030] The liquid inlet device includes: a connection cover, a liquid inlet pipe, and a filter;

[0031] The upper part of the liquid inlet pipe is detachably and fixedly connected to the connection cover, an inlet liquid opening is opened on the connection cover and is connected to a liquid addition pump through a liquid pipe; the bottom of the liquid inlet pipe is fixedly provided with a bottom plate with an opening, a flange ring is welded around the filter, and it can be placed into the liquid inlet pipe, and the flange ring is placed on the edge of the bottom plate of the liquid inlet pipe;

[0032] A number of small holes through which the waste liquid can be ejected are opened on the cylinder body of the filter, and the bottom of the filter is not opened.

[0033] More preferably:

[0034] An adsorber is arranged inside the cylinder body of the pre-treatment cylinder;

[0035] The adsorber includes a support plate; an adsorption net; a pressing plate; a locking member;

[0036] The support plate is arranged inside the cylinder body, and a number of small holes are opened on the support plate; the adsorption net is arranged on the support plate, the adsorption net is pressed by the pressing plate, and the pressing plate is locked with the support plate through the locking member.

[0037] More preferably:

[0038] An air diffuser pipe is arranged below the adsorber, one end of which has an opening for introducing compressed air, and the other end is blocked and extends into the cylinder body.

[0039] More preferably:

[0040] The high-temperature incinerator is separated into two combustion chambers by a partition wall: a first combustion chamber and a second combustion chamber, and the bottoms of the two combustion chambers are connected;

[0041] Primary air is introduced into the first combustion chamber; secondary air is introduced into the second combustion chamber; the air volume of the primary air is less than that of the secondary air;

[0042] The first combustion chamber is maintained in a first temperature range, and the second combustion chamber is maintained in a second temperature range; the first temperature range is lower than the second temperature range.

[0043] It can be seen from the technical solution of the present invention described above that the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0044] 1. Through the waste liquid spray evaporator of the present invention, the waste liquid can be sprayed and evaporated, so that the organic matter and part of the water in the waste liquid evaporate to form combustible gas, and most of the water and harmful substances such as heavy metals exist in the form of waste water. In this way, the material requirements for the high-temperature incinerator 3 and the waste heat utilization device downstream of the process are low, thus ensuring the continuous operation time of the equipment; moreover, the formed waste water is externally connected to the public system for laboratory waste water treatment, which can make full use of the existing waste water treatment system in the laboratory. Compared with directly treating the waste liquid, the amount of waste liquid to be treated becomes less, the treatment difficulty is reduced, the treatment effect is good, the energy consumption is low, and the volume of the equipment will also become smaller, which is more suitable for the source treatment of laboratory waste liquid.

[0045] 2. By setting a reagent connection pipe at the top of the waste liquid pre-processor and a pH meter in the present invention, reagents (such as acids or alkalis, etc.) can be injected into the waste liquid in the waste liquid pre-processor to neutralize the waste liquid and keep the pH value of the waste liquid neutral; thus, the corrosion of the equipment by the waste liquid can be prevented, the requirement for the equipment material is reduced, and the service life of the equipment is prolonged.

[0046] 3. By setting an adsorber in the waste liquid pre-processor in the present invention, the waste liquid can be pre-treated to preliminarily filter and remove impurities such as particulate matter and heavy metals in the waste liquid, and the blockage of the transfer pump by the waste liquid transfer can be prevented.

[0047] 4. The present invention makes full use of the energy of the waste liquid itself and can effectively reduce the cost of waste liquid treatment:

[0048] The combustible gas formed by evaporation enters a high-temperature incinerator for high-temperature incineration treatment. The high-temperature incinerator is divided into a primary combustion chamber and a secondary combustion chamber by a partition wall, and the incineration is carried out in two stages, making the incineration more thorough. The high-temperature flue gas generated by incineration enters a steam high-temperature air generator for rapid cooling and full release of waste heat, generating steam and high-temperature air. The generated water vapor is recycled to the waste liquid spray evaporator for spray evaporation of the waste liquid, and the generated high-temperature air is recycled to the high-temperature incinerator for high-temperature incineration of the combustible gas. It can be seen that the present invention makes full use of the energy of the waste liquid itself and reduces the treatment cost of the waste liquid.

[0049] 5. The present invention is particularly suitable for organic waste liquids with low organic matter content, high water content and low calorific value in the waste liquid. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0050] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the waste liquid evaporation and incineration treatment device of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the liquid inlet device in the present invention;

[0052] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the adsorber in the present invention;

[0053] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the aeration pipe in the present invention;

[0054] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the steam high-temperature air generator in the present invention;

[0055] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the heat exchanger in the present invention.

[0056] Reference Signs:

[0057] Waste liquid pre-processor 1; Waste liquid spray evaporator 2; High-temperature incinerator 3; Steam high-temperature air generator 4;

[0058] Sealing cover 11; Pretreatment cylinder 12; Sealing gasket 13;

[0059] Intake connection pipe 111; Liquid inlet device 112; Connection cover 1121, Liquid inlet pipe 1122; Filter 1123; Reagent connection pipe 113; Sealing cover body 114; Upper flange 115;

[0060] Lower flange 121; Adsorber 122; Support plate 1221; Adsorption net 1222; Pressing plate 1223; Locking member 1224; Liquid outlet connection pipe 123; Aeration pipe 124; Main pipe 1241; Branch pipe 1242; Blind plate I 1243; Blind plate II 1243; Cylinder body 125;

[0061] Gas release connection pipe 21; spray head 22; waste liquid vapor discharge port 23; upper header 24; lower header 25; slag discharge pipe 26; spray evaporation box body 27; evaporation pipe 28; drain valve 29;

[0062] Gas burner 31; tail gas outlet 32; secondary combustion chamber 33; partition wall 34; primary combustion chamber 35;

[0063] Steam generator 41; steam outlet 411; heat exchanger 412; tail gas inlet 4121; steam heat exchange pipe 4122; electric heater 413; high-temperature air generator 42; low-temperature tail gas outlet 421; air heat exchange pipe 422; cold air inlet 423; high-temperature air outlet 424. Specific implementation mode

[0064] The following combines the specification drawings and embodiments to further describe in detail the specific implementation mode of the present invention. The following embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, but not to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0065] The terms such as upper, lower, left, right, inner, outer, front end, rear end, head, tail, etc. in this application document are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings. If the drawings are different, the corresponding position relationship may also change accordingly, so it cannot be understood as a limitation of the protection scope.

[0066] In the present invention, the terms "installation", "connection", "engagement", "connection", "fixation", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, an integral connection, a mechanical connection, an electrical connection or a connection that can communicate with each other, a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. It can be the connection inside two components or the interaction relationship between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0067] Embodiment:

[0068] The present invention provides a waste liquid evaporation and incineration treatment device, and the structure of the waste liquid evaporation and incineration treatment device is as Figure 1 shown, including: waste liquid preprocessor 1, waste liquid spray evaporator 2, high-temperature incinerator 3, steam high-temperature air generator 4.

[0069] The correlation between the above components:

[0070] The waste liquid to be disposed is introduced into the waste liquid pre-processor 1 from the top; the waste liquid pre-processor 1 filters and adsorbs it, enabling preliminary solid-liquid separation of the waste liquid, separating out larger particulate matters and flocculates in the waste liquid; and by injecting reagents into the waste liquid in the waste liquid pre-processor 1, the waste liquid is neutralized to maintain the pH of the waste liquid at neutral.

[0071] The neutral waste liquid generated after pretreatment by the waste liquid pre-processor 1 is pumped into the waste liquid spray evaporator 2; the waste liquid spray evaporator 2 sprays and evaporates the waste liquid, enabling the evaporation of organic matters and part of the water in the waste liquid to form combustible waste liquid vapor, and most of the water and harmful substances such as heavy metals exist in the form of waste water.

[0072] The combustible waste liquid vapor formed by the waste liquid in the waste liquid spray evaporator 2 enters the high-temperature incinerator 3.

[0073] The high-temperature incinerator 3 performs high-temperature incineration treatment on the combustible waste liquid vapor coming from the waste liquid spray evaporator 2, and the high-temperature flue gas generated by the incineration enters the steam high-temperature air generator 4.

[0074] The steam high-temperature air generator 4 rapidly cools down the incoming high-temperature flue gas to generate steam and high-temperature air; the generated steam is recycled to the waste liquid spray evaporator 2 as the energy for waste liquid evaporation, condenses to form condensed water, and then circulates back to the steam high-temperature air generator 4 to participate in the rapid cooling of the high-temperature flue gas; the generated high-temperature air is recycled to the high-temperature incinerator 3 for high-temperature incineration of the combustible waste liquid vapor, and the generated tail gas is discharged after being treated by the tail gas purification device.

[0075] The functions and detailed structures of each component are as follows:

[0076] I. Waste liquid pre-processor 1

[0077] The waste liquid pre-processor 1 can adsorb impurities such as heavy metals and particulate matters in the waste liquid through the installed adsorber, realizing preliminary solid-liquid separation of the waste liquid, separating out larger particulate matters and flocculates in the waste liquid; by setting up a reagent connection pipe, reagents can be injected to adjust the pH value of the waste liquid obtained after solid-liquid separation.

[0078] The waste liquid pre-processor 1 includes: a pretreatment cylinder 12 and a sealing cover 11; an adsorber is arranged inside the pretreatment cylinder 12; the sealing cover 11 is located above the pretreatment cylinder 12, and the two are detachably connected, for example: they can be connected by docking two flanges respectively fixed on the pretreatment cylinder 12 and the sealing cover 11 and using fasteners; in order to ensure the tightness of the connection, a sealing gasket 13 is installed between the two flanges.

[0079] The pretreatment cylinder 12 and the sealing cover 11 are made of corrosion-resistant stainless steel material, and the sealing gasket 13 is made of corrosion-resistant non-metallic material.

[0080] The waste liquid pre-processor 1 can be sealed by the sealing cover 11 to prevent the volatilized gas from overflowing. With the detachable structure of the pretreatment cylinder 12 and the sealing cover 11, it is convenient to clean the adsorber and replace the adsorption net arranged in the pretreatment cylinder 12.

[0081] Sealing cover 11:

[0082] The sealing cover 11 is docked downward with the pretreatment cylinder 12 and detachably connected together. It includes: an air inlet connecting pipe 111, a liquid inlet device 112, a reagent connecting pipe 113, a sealing cover body 114 and an upper flange 115. The sealing cover 11 is docked with the pretreatment cylinder 12 through the upper flange 115 welded to the sealing cover body 114 and fixed with fasteners. The air inlet connecting pipe 111, the liquid inlet pipe 1122 and the reagent connecting pipe 113 respectively pass through the sealing cover body 114 from top to bottom and extend into the pretreatment cylinder 12.

[0083] The air inlet connecting pipe 111 is used to introduce air to balance the pressure inside the waste liquid pre-processor. An air inlet valve is installed on the air inlet connecting pipe 111, and the air inlet valve is a one-way check valve; the one-way check valve can only let air in and cannot exhaust air, preventing the volatilized gas from being discharged into the working environment, and can balance the pressure inside the waste liquid pre-processor, enabling the liquid extraction pump to work normally.

[0084] The reagent connecting pipe 113 is used to inject reagents (such as acid or alkaline reagents) for neutralizing the waste liquid; the upper end of the reagent connecting pipe 113 is connected to a reagent pump, and the lower end is inserted into the pretreatment cylinder 12 and is lower than the position of the liquid level controller connecting pipe, so as to ensure that the reagent can enter the waste liquid, so that the reagent and the waste liquid can be fully mixed. The liquid level controller is set at a position 50 - 300 mm below the liquid inlet device 112, and can control the amount of waste liquid added. A pH meter is set on the pretreatment cylinder 12. According to the measurement results, the type (acid or base) and the amount of the reagent added can be controlled. For example, if the pH value of the waste liquid is less than 7, an alkaline reagent is added; if the pH value of the waste liquid is greater than 7, an acidic reagent is added to adjust the pH value of the waste liquid to be maintained around neutral pH = 7.

[0085] The liquid inlet device 112 is used to inject the waste liquid into the pretreatment cylinder 12. The upper end of the liquid inlet device 112 is connected to a liquid addition pump through a pipeline; its lower end opening leads to the pretreatment cylinder 12, so that the waste liquid can smoothly enter the pretreatment cylinder 12. The structure of the liquid inlet device 112 is as Figure 2 shown, including: a connection cover 1121, a liquid inlet pipe 1122 and a filter 1123.

[0086] The upper part of the liquid inlet pipe 1122 is detachably and fixedly connected with a connecting cover 1121; a liquid inlet is opened on the connecting cover 1121 and is connected to a liquid adding pump through a liquid pipe; the bottom of the liquid inlet pipe 1122 is fixedly provided with a bottom plate with an opening, and a flange ring is welded around the filter 1123, and it can be placed into the liquid inlet pipe 1122, and is placed on the edge of the bottom plate with an opening of the liquid inlet pipe 1122 through the flange ring without being fixed.

[0087] In order to enable the waste liquid to be evenly dispersed, a number of small holes are opened on the cylinder body of the filter 1123. Preferably, the diameter of the small holes is 0.5 - 5 mm. The waste liquid can be ejected from the small holes, and the bottom of the filter 1123 is not opened, so that the waste liquid can be evenly dispersed onto the adsorber arranged in the pretreatment cylinder 12.

[0088] A pressure gauge is arranged on the outlet pipeline of the liquid adding pump to detect the pressure of the pipeline. After the pipeline pressure reaches the set value, the connecting cover 1121 is opened, and the filter 1123 is taken out to clean impurities or replace the filter. Thus, automatic detection of whether the filter is blocked is realized.

[0089] Pretreatment cylinder 12:

[0090] The pretreatment cylinder 12 is connected to the sealing cover 11 upward and is detachably connected together.

[0091] The pretreatment cylinder 12 includes: a lower flange 121, an adsorber 122, a liquid outlet connecting pipe 123, an aeration pipe 124, and a cylinder body 125;

[0092] The lower flange 121 is welded on the cylinder body 125; through this lower flange 121, it can be butted against the upper flange 115 of the sealing cover 11 and fixed with fasteners to realize the detachable connection between the pretreatment cylinder 12 and the sealing cover 11. The bottom of the cylinder body 125 is of a conical structure, and a slag discharge port is opened at the lowest end, and a slag discharge valve is arranged to control the time and frequency of slag discharge. The bottom of the cylinder body 125 is of a conical structure, and the tiny particulate matters in the waste liquid can be concentrated and precipitated to the bottom of the conical structure. By opening the slag discharge valve, the precipitate can be discharged regularly.

[0093] The adsorber 122 is arranged inside the cylinder body 125 and is used for adsorbing flocs, particulate matters and other impurities doped in the waste liquid. Its structure is as Figure 3 shown, including a support plate 1221; an adsorption net 1222; a pressing plate 1223; a locking member 1224;

[0094] The support plate 1221 is arranged inside the cylinder body 125 (it can be welded on the inner wall of the cylinder body 125 or can be lapped on the ring body welded inside the cylinder body 125), and a number of small holes are opened on the support plate 1221; the adsorption net 1222 is arranged on the support plate 1221, the adsorption net 1222 is pressed by the pressing plate 1223, and the pressing plate 1223 is locked with the support plate 1221 through the locking member 1224.

[0095] The above-mentioned adsorption net 1222 is made of acid- and alkali-resistant porous ceramic fibers or glass fibers.

[0096] The above-mentioned locking member 1224 can be a bolt and nut, or a buckle member.

[0097] The liquid outlet connecting pipe 123 has an inverted L-shaped structure. Its vertical pipe extends into the cylinder body 125 and its bottom end is higher than the conical structure. The horizontal pipe extends out of the cylinder body 125 and is connected to the liquid extraction pump. It can introduce the pretreated waste liquid into the waste liquid spray evaporator 2. The vertical pipe of the liquid outlet connecting pipe 123 extends into the cylinder body 125 and its bottom end is higher than the conical structure, which can not only ensure that the waste liquid at the bottom of the cylinder body 125 can be sucked, but also prevent impurities in the waste liquid from precipitating in the liquid extraction pipeline.

[0098] The air supply pipe 124 is used to introduce compressed air to realize the agitation of the waste liquid, so that the added reagent is fully mixed with the waste liquid, ensuring that the waste liquid undergoes a complete neutralization reaction. The air supply pipe 124 is arranged below the adsorber 122. One end of it is open to introduce compressed air, and the other end is blocked and extends into the cylinder body 125. The structure of the air supply pipe 124 is as Figure 4 shown, including a main pipe 1241, branch pipes 1242, blind plate I 1243, and blind plate II 1244.

[0099] One end of the main pipe 1241 is sealed with a blind plate II 1244, and the other end is for introducing compressed air.

[0100] One end of the branch pipe 1242 communicates with the main pipe 1241, and the other end is far from the main pipe 1241 and is sealed with a blind plate I 1223. A number of small holes are opened on the branch pipe 1242, and compressed air flows out through the small holes to stir and agitate the waste liquid. In order to evenly aerate, multiple branch pipes 1242 can be arranged in a staggered manner.

[0101] During the process of adding the reagent, compressed air enters the waste liquid through the air supply pipe 124 to stir and agitate the waste liquid, so that the waste liquid is fully mixed and reacted with the reagent, and the composition of the waste liquid is uniform, ensuring the accuracy of the detected pH value.

[0102] II. Waste liquid spray evaporator 2

[0103] In the waste liquid spray evaporator 2, the waste liquid absorbs the heat of water vapor, evaporates the organic matter in the waste liquid sprayed down through the spray head into combustible gas, and at the same time the water vapor releases heat and condenses into water.

[0104] The waste liquid spray evaporator 2 includes a gas discharge connecting pipe 21, a spray head 22, a waste liquid vapor discharge port 23, an upper header 24, a lower header 25, a slag discharge pipe 26, a spray evaporation box body 27, evaporation pipes 28, and a drain valve 29.

[0105] The bottom of the spray evaporation box body 27 is of a conical structure, and a slag discharge pipe 26 is provided below and is equipped with a valve for regularly discharging the concentrated wastewater with precipitated impurities and particulate matters. The conical structure facilitates the collection and discharge of the wastewater containing impurities. Discharge is carried out regularly through the slag discharge pipe 26

[0106] The top of the spray evaporation box body 27 is provided with a vent connection pipe 21, a spray head 22 and a waste liquid vapor discharge port 23. A pressure type exhaust valve is installed on the vent connection pipe 21. Through the real-time monitoring of this pressure type exhaust valve, the pressure value inside the spray evaporation box body 27 is monitored; when the pressure value reaches the set value, the gas is discharged to reduce the pressure inside the box body and ensure the safety of the equipment. The spray head 22 is used for atomizing the waste liquid, and the requirement for the atomization effect is not strict. The spray head 22 can adopt a small resistance spray head to reduce energy consumption. The waste liquid vapor discharge port 23 is used to introduce the organic gas containing water vapor generated by spray evaporation into the high-temperature incinerator 3

[0107] The inside of the spray evaporation box body 27 is equipped with evaporation tubes 28. The inlet of the evaporation tubes 28 is connected to the upper header 24, and the outlet is connected to the lower header 25. The upper header 24 is provided with a steam inlet pipe to introduce the steam generated by the steam generator 41 into the header and distribute it to each evaporation tube. The lower header 25 is connected to the evaporation tubes to collect the condensed water after the steam is cooled together and send it back to the steam generator 41. The upper header 24 is provided with a drain pipe, and the drain pipe leads to the lower header 25 and a drain valve 29 is installed. The drain valve 29 is opened regularly to discharge a small amount of condensed water inside the upper header 24

[0108] Both the spray evaporation box body 27 and the evaporation tubes 28 are made of corrosion-resistant materials. Multiple evaporation tubes 28 can be adopted. The evaporation tubes 28 adopt spiral tubes with external threads to increase the unit heat transfer area and reduce the equipment size

[0109] A liquid level gauge is set on the spray evaporation box body 27 to control the liquid level inside the spray evaporation box body 27, so that the upper part of the evaporation tubes 28 is exposed above the liquid level. The waste liquid is directly heated and evaporated on the wall surface of the evaporation tubes 28. The lower part of the evaporation tubes 28 is below the liquid level to absorb the heat of the steam inside the tubes, the temperature of the waste liquid rises, and the organic matter evaporates

[0110] A thermometer is set on the spray evaporation box body 27 to control the temperature of the waste liquid inside the spray evaporation box body 27 and reduce the water evaporation amount

[0111] III. High-temperature incinerator 3

[0112] The high-temperature incinerator 3 can incinerate the waste liquid steam, remove harmful substances, and generate high-temperature tail gas. The high-temperature incinerator 3 can achieve staged combustion. Staged combustion can lengthen the combustion process, so that the combustible components can be fully reacted and completely burned out, and thus can ensure a good combustion treatment effect. A slag discharge port is provided at the bottom for easy slag discharge. The functions and structures are as follows

[0113] The high-temperature incinerator 3 is divided into two combustion chambers by a partition wall 34: a first combustion chamber 35 and a second combustion chamber 33. The bottoms of the two combustion chambers are connected, enabling staged combustion.

[0114] Primary air is introduced into the first combustion chamber 35; secondary air is introduced into the second combustion chamber 33. The air volume of the primary air is less than that of the secondary air. The temperature of the first combustion chamber 35 is lower than that of the second combustion chamber 33.

[0115] Control the air volume of the primary air to keep the temperature of the first combustion chamber 35 within the first temperature range. In the first combustion chamber 35, only the cracking of macromolecular substances into small-molecular substances and the incomplete combustion of small-molecular substances occur for the waste liquid.

[0116] Control the supply amount of the secondary air to supply sufficient oxygen to keep the temperature of the second combustion chamber 33 within the second temperature range. In the second combustion chamber 33, the waste liquid reacts completely and burns sufficiently.

[0117] The primary air and the secondary air can use the high-temperature air generated by the high-temperature air generator 42 of the steam high-temperature air generator 4, or they can use normal-temperature air. The supply amounts of the primary air and the secondary air can be automatically adjusted through the set valves.

[0118] A gas burner 31 is provided at the top of the second combustion chamber 33. The two inlet ends of the gas burner 31 are respectively connected to the waste liquid steam and the high-temperature air, and the outlet end can extend into the first combustion chamber 35.

[0119] An exhaust gas outlet 32 is opened at the top of the second combustion chamber 33, which is used to introduce the high-temperature exhaust gas generated by combustion into the steam high-temperature air generator 4.

[0120] IV. Steam high-temperature air generator 4

[0121] The steam high-temperature air generator 4 can utilize the waste heat of the high-temperature exhaust gas to generate steam and high-temperature air.

[0122] The structure of the steam high-temperature air generator 4 is as Figure 5 shown, including two boxes, a steam generator 41 and a high-temperature air generator 42, which are distributed left and right and share a side. Combining the steam generator 41 and the high-temperature air generator 42 into one body can reduce the volume.

[0123] The steam generator 41 is internally provided with a serpentine steam heat exchange tube for generating high-temperature steam. The high-temperature air generator 42 is internally provided with an air heat exchange tube composed of straight tubes for generating high-temperature air. The steam heat exchange tube adopts a serpentine tube, which can increase the heat exchange area and reduce the volume. The air heat exchange tube adopts a straight tube, which can reduce ash accumulation and facilitate cleaning.

[0124] Steam generator 41:

[0125] The lower part of the generating body of the steam generator 41 is a water space filled with water; the upper part is a steam space capable of storing the steam generated by evaporation; a steam outlet 411 is provided at its top to send the generated steam to the upper header 24 of the waste liquid spray evaporator 2; a heat exchanger 412 is provided inside it. The heat exchanger 412 uses a serpentine steam heat exchange tube, with its top connected to the tail gas outlet 32 of the high-temperature incinerator 3, and the bottom capable of leading out a pipeline and extending into the bottom of the high-temperature air generator 42, so as to introduce the tail gas with a small amount of remaining heat after heat exchange through the heat exchanger 412 into the high-temperature air generator 42.

[0126] The structure of the heat exchanger 412 is as Figure 6 shown, including a tail gas inlet 4121 and a steam heat exchange tube 4122.

[0127] One end of the tail gas inlet 4121 can extend out from the top surface of the steam generator 41 and is connected to the tail gas outlet 32 of the high-temperature incinerator 3; the other end is connected to the head end of the steam heat exchange tube 4122; the steam heat exchange tube 4122 uses a serpentine tube, and the tail end can extend out from the side of the steam generator 41 and extend into the bottom of the high-temperature air generator 42.

[0128] An electric heater 413 is provided below the heat exchanger 412 to heat the water in the water space at the initial stage of equipment startup and operation to generate steam. At the initial stage of equipment startup and operation, the high-temperature incinerator 3 has not been started and no high-temperature flue gas is generated. At this time, the electric heater 413 is started, and the water in the water space at the bottom of the steam generator 41 is heated by the electric heater 413 to generate steam, so as to provide the heat required for waste liquid evaporation.

[0129] The steam generator 41 is provided with a makeup water device to supplement the water volume insufficient due to water evaporation and circulating return water.

[0130] High-temperature air generator 42:

[0131] The structure of the high-temperature air generator 42 is still as Figure 5 shown, including: a low-temperature tail gas outlet 421, an air heat exchange tube 422, a cold air inlet 423, and a high-temperature air outlet 424.

[0132] On the upper side wall of the high-temperature air generator 42, a low-temperature tail gas outlet 421 is provided. The low-temperature tail gas outlet 421 is connected to a tail gas purification device to purify the cooled tail gas and discharge it up to the national emission standards. Inside the high-temperature air generator 42, multiple air heat exchange tubes 422 composed of straight tubes are horizontally arranged. The air heat exchange tubes 422 extend out of the side of the box body. On the side of the box body, a trumpet-shaped cold air inlet 423 and a high-temperature air outlet 424 are provided, and the trumpet can cover all the air heat exchange tubes 422. The air required for air heat exchange is fed in through the cold air inlet 423, and the high-temperature air after heat exchange is discharged through the high-temperature air outlet 424 and enters the gas burner 31 of the high-temperature incinerator 3 as the combustion-supporting air for waste liquid combustion.

[0133] The working process of the present invention is as follows:

[0134] 1. The waste liquid to be treated enters the waste liquid pre-processor 1 through a liquid addition pump. First, it is filtered by a filter 1123 to remove heavy metals and large particles. Then, it is evenly dispersed onto the adsorber 122 through the small holes on the filter 1123, and the adsorber 122 adsorbs the small particles in the waste liquid again. The addition amount of the waste liquid is controlled by a liquid level controller. After the waste liquid is added to the set value, the addition stops.

[0135] The waste liquid after filtration and adsorption enters the pretreatment cylinder of the waste liquid pre-processor 1. A pH meter measures the pH value of the waste liquid. According to the measurement result, a reagent is added into the waste liquid pretreatment cylinder through a reagent pump to neutralize the waste liquid. During the reagent addition process, compressed air enters the waste liquid through an air diffuser pipe 124 to stir and disturb the waste liquid, so that the waste liquid and the reagent are fully mixed and reacted, and the components of the waste liquid are uniform, ensuring the accuracy of the measured pH value.

[0136] Start the electric heater 413 of the high-temperature air generator 4. Heat the water in the box body through the steam heat exchange tubes built in the steam generator 41 to evaporate it to generate steam. The steam enters the upper header 24 of the waste liquid spray evaporator 2 through a pipeline and then enters the heat exchange tubes 28. At the same time, the waste liquid after filtration and neutralization pretreatment is sent to the waste liquid spray evaporator 2 through a liquid extraction pump. The waste liquid is atomized by a spray head 22 and exchanges heat with the water vapor in the heat exchange tubes 28. During the heat exchange process, the waste liquid is heated and evaporated into combustible waste liquid vapor and enters the gas burner 31 of the high-temperature incinerator 3. The temperature of the water vapor decreases and condenses into water, which enters the lower header 25, and the condensed water returns to the steam high-temperature air generator 4 for recycling.

[0137] As the operation time increases, more and more high-temperature flue gas is generated by the high-temperature incinerator 3, and the waste heat of the flue gas can already generate enough water vapor for waste liquid evaporation. At this time, the electric heater 413 is turned off.

[0138] After the waste liquid that has not been completely evaporated reaches the set liquid level, it is pumped back into the pretreatment cylinder of the waste liquid preprocessor 1. After filtration, adsorption, and neutralization pretreatment, it enters the waste liquid spray evaporator 2 again for evaporation. The precipitated concentrated wastewater is regularly discharged through the slag discharge pipe 26.

[0139] The temperature of the bottom waste liquid is controlled by the set temperature monitor to reduce the water evaporation rate.

[0140] The vapor generated by the evaporation of the waste liquid enters the gas burner 31 of the high-temperature incinerator 3 through the waste liquid vapor outlet 23. It is mixed with high-temperature air in the gas burner 31 and then enters the primary combustion chamber 35 and the secondary combustion chamber 33 in sequence. The tail gas after sufficient combustion enters the steam generator 412, exchanges heat with the water in the steam generator 41 to generate water vapor. The tail gas with reduced temperature enters the high-temperature air generator 42, exchanges heat with the air in the air heat exchange tube 422, completes the waste heat recovery and utilization, and enters the tail gas purification device for treatment through the low-temperature tail gas outlet 421. The tail gas after reaching the standard is discharged through the induced draft fan.

[0141] The steam generator 41 is provided with a makeup water device to supplement the insufficient water volume of evaporation and circulating return water.

[0142] The air required for air heat exchange is fed in through the cold air inlet 423, discharged through the high-temperature air outlet 424, and enters the gas burner 31.

[0143] Through the present invention, most of the organic substances in the laboratory waste liquid are extremely volatile and can easily volatilize from water when heated. The higher the temperature, the faster the volatilization. Heating the waste liquid can accelerate the volatilization of organic substances. When organic substances volatilize, a small amount of evaporated water vapor will be carried. After the waste liquid is heated and evaporated, it becomes two parts: an organic combustible gas containing water vapor and wastewater. The organic combustible gas containing water vapor has a relatively high calorific value and can be directly incinerated. The wastewater goes to the laboratory wastewater treatment system. Generally, laboratories have built wastewater treatment systems and there is no need to build new ones.

[0144] Although the principle of the present invention has been described in detail above in conjunction with the preferred embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art should understand that the above embodiments are only explanations of the illustrative implementation modes of the present invention and do not limit the scope of the present invention. The details in the embodiments do not constitute a limitation on the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, any obvious changes such as equivalent transformations and simple substitutions based on the technical solution of the present invention all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A waste liquid evaporation and incineration treatment device, comprising a high-temperature incinerator (3), wherein the high-temperature incinerator (3) is provided with a waste liquid inlet for injecting waste liquid and an exhaust gas outlet (32) for discharging exhaust gas; characterized in that: The waste liquid evaporation and incineration treatment device further comprises: a waste liquid spray evaporator (2) arranged upstream of the high-temperature incinerator (3); The waste liquid spray evaporator (2) comprises a spray evaporation box (27) and an evaporation pipe (28); A spray head (22) having an air discharge pipe (21) and a liquid connection pipe is arranged on the top of the spray evaporation box (27); An evaporation tube (28) is installed inside the spray evaporation box (27). The evaporation tube (28) can evaporate organic matter in the waste liquid atomized by the spray head (22) into combustible waste liquid steam through heat exchange, and at the same time, the medium in the evaporation tube (28) releases heat and becomes a low-temperature medium; A waste liquid vapor outlet (23) connected to the high-temperature incinerator (3) is provided on the top of the spray evaporation box (27) for introducing combustible waste liquid vapor into the high-temperature incinerator (3).

2. The waste liquid evaporation and incineration treatment device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The waste liquid evaporation and incineration treatment device further comprises: a steam high-temperature air generator (4) capable of generating high-temperature steam; The spray evaporation box (27) is provided with a steam inlet pipe, which is connected to the steam high-temperature air generator (4) and can introduce the high-temperature steam generated by the steam high-temperature air generator (4) into each evaporation tube (28); the other end of the evaporation tube (28) returns the condensed water after the steam is cooled to the steam high-temperature air generator (4) through a pipeline.

3. The waste liquid evaporation and incineration treatment device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The steam high-temperature air generator (4) comprises a steam generator (41) and a high-temperature air generator (42); The lower part of the generator body of the steam generator (41) is a water space filled with water; the upper part is a steam space capable of storing water vapor; a steam outlet (411) is arranged at the top thereof to deliver the generated steam to the upper header (24) of the waste liquid spray evaporator (2); a heat exchanger (412) is arranged inside thereof, and the top of the heat exchanger (412) is connected to the tail gas outlet (32) of the high-temperature incinerator (3) to introduce the high-temperature tail gas generated by the high-temperature incinerator (3) into the steam high-temperature air generator (4); the tail of the heat exchanger (412) extends into the bottom of the high-temperature air generator (42); The high-temperature air generator (42) is provided with a low-temperature exhaust gas outlet (421) connected to the exhaust gas purification device, a cold air inlet (423) and a high-temperature air outlet (424); an air heat exchange pipe (422) is arranged inside the high-temperature air generator (42); air required for air heat exchange is supplied through the cold air inlet (423); and the high-temperature air after heat exchange is discharged through the high-temperature air outlet (424) and enters the high-temperature incinerator (3) as combustion-supporting air for the combustion of waste liquid.

4. The waste liquid evaporation and incineration treatment device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The waste liquid evaporation and incineration treatment system further comprises: a waste liquid pre-treatment device (1); The waste liquid pretreatment device (1) comprises a detachably connected pretreatment cylinder (12) and a sealing cover (11); the sealing cover (11) is provided with an air inlet pipe (111), a reagent pipe (113), and a liquid inlet (112) passing through and extending into the pretreatment cylinder (12); the pretreatment cylinder (12) is provided with a liquid outlet pipe (123); The air intake pipe (111) is used to introduce air into the pretreatment cylinder (12), and is equipped with a one-way check valve that can only allow air to enter but not exhaust. The liquid inlet (112) is used to inject waste liquid into the pretreatment cylinder (12); the upper end of the liquid inlet (112) is connected to the liquid adding pump through a pipeline; and the lower end opening leads to the pretreatment cylinder (12); The reagent pipe (113) is used to inject a reagent for neutralizing waste liquid, the upper end of which is connected to a reagent pump, and the lower end of which is inserted into the pretreatment cylinder (12) and is lower than the position of the liquid level controller pipe; the liquid level controller is arranged below the liquid inlet (112); The liquid outlet pipe (123) is an inverted L-shaped structure, wherein the vertical pipe extends into the cylinder (125) of the pretreatment cylinder (12) and the bottom end is higher than the conical structure, and the horizontal pipe extends out of the cylinder (125) and is connected to a liquid extraction pump, so as to extract the pretreated waste liquid and send it to relevant equipment downstream of the process.

5. The waste liquid evaporation and incineration treatment device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The liquid inlet (112) comprises: a connecting cover (1121), a liquid inlet pipe (1122) and a filter (1123); The upper part of the liquid inlet pipe (1122) is detachably fixed with a connecting cover (1121); a liquid inlet is opened on the connecting cover (1121) and is connected to a liquid adding pump via a liquid pipe; a bottom plate with an opening is fixed to the bottom of the liquid inlet pipe (1122); a flange ring is welded around the filter (1123), which can be placed in the liquid inlet pipe (1122) and rests on the edge of the bottom plate of the liquid inlet pipe (1122) via the flange ring; The cylinder of the filter (1123) is provided with a plurality of small holes for spraying out waste liquid, and the bottom of the filter (1123) is not provided with any holes.

6. The waste liquid evaporation and incineration treatment device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: An adsorber (122) is arranged inside the cylinder body (125) of the pretreatment cylinder (12); The adsorber (122) comprises a support plate (1221); an adsorption net (1222); a pressing plate (1223); and a locking member (1224); The support plate (1221) is arranged inside the cylinder (125), and a plurality of small holes are opened on the support plate (1221); an adsorption net (1222) is arranged on the support plate (1221), and the adsorption net (1222) is pressed by a pressing plate (1223), and the pressing plate (1223) is locked with the support plate (1221) by a locking member (1224).

7. The waste liquid evaporation and incineration treatment device according to claim 6 is characterized in that: An aeration pipe (124) is arranged below the adsorber (122), one end of which is open for compressed air to pass through, and the other end is sealed and extends into the interior of the cylinder (125).

8. The waste liquid evaporation and incineration treatment device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The high-temperature incinerator (3) is divided into two combustion chambers by a partition wall (34): a first combustion chamber (35) and a second combustion chamber (33), and the bottoms of the two combustion chambers are connected; Primary air is introduced into the first combustion chamber (35); secondary air is introduced into the second combustion chamber (33); the air volume of the primary air is smaller than the air volume of the secondary air; The first combustion chamber (35) is maintained in a first temperature range, and the second combustion chamber (33) is maintained in a second temperature range; the first temperature range is lower than the second temperature range.

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