Multifunctional integrated ejector for hydrogen fuel cell

Abstract

The utility model discloses a multifunctional integrated ejector for a hydrogen fuel cell, which relates to the technical field of hydrogen fuel cells and comprises a hydrogen storage tank, an electric pile, an integrated ejector and a cooling system, the integrated ejector is positioned between the hydrogen storage tank and the electric pile, and a plurality of components are integrated through the multifunctional integrated ejector. The number of connecting pieces can be reduced, and the volume can be reduced while the hydrogen leakage rate is reduced; the heat source of the hydrogen heater is merged into the stack cooling liquid inlet and outlet, cooling liquid heat can be effectively utilized, and the cold start success rate is increased; and on the other hand, the hydrogen heater is arranged at the rear end of the ejector, so that the influence of heated hydrogen on the performance of the ejector is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of hydrogen fuel cells, and specifically relates to a multifunctional integrated ejector for a hydrogen fuel cell. Background Art

[0002] To ensure the normal operation of a hydrogen fuel cell engine, an excessive amount of air and hydrogen are usually input; the hydrogen recovery and utilization system plays a very important role. As a non-parasitic power recovery system, the ejector is favored by a large number of manufacturers. In the prior art, the function of the ejector is relatively single and the integration degree is low. The ejector, filter, hydrogen heater, and gas-liquid separator are mostly in a connected relationship, and corresponding pipeline joints, sealing grooves, etc. need to be reserved, with many components. Moreover, the insulation characteristics need to be considered additionally, and the design or installation is relatively cumbersome. The heat source of the hydrogen heater is directly connected in parallel with the large cycle / small cycle and is often placed at the front end of the ejector, which will cause the performance of the ejector to decline. Summary of the Utility Model

[0003] To solve the above problems, that is, to solve the problems raised in the above background art, the utility model provides a multifunctional integrated ejector for a hydrogen fuel cell, which includes a hydrogen storage tank, a fuel cell stack, an integrated ejector, and a cooling system. The integrated ejector is located between the hydrogen storage tank and the fuel cell stack. The integrated ejector includes a filter, an ejector, and a hydrogen heater. The filter, the ejector, and the hydrogen heater are sequentially connected from right to left between the outlet of the hydrogen storage tank and the first inlet of the fuel cell stack. The integrated ejector further includes a gas-liquid separator and a water storage box. The gas-liquid separator and the water storage box are sequentially connected from left to right to the first outlet of the fuel cell stack. The gas-liquid separator is also connected to the ejector.

[0004] The cooling system includes a radiator. An outlet pipe is connected between the second outlet of the fuel cell stack and the inlet of the radiator, and an inlet pipe is connected between the outlet of the radiator and the second inlet of the fuel cell stack. A thermostat and a water pump are sequentially connected from right to left on the inlet pipe. A PTC is also connected between the thermostat and the outlet pipe. The hydrogen heater is also respectively connected to the outlet pipe.

[0005] Preferably, a high-pressure sensor is connected between the hydrogen storage tank and the filter, and a low-pressure sensor is connected between the fuel cell stack and the hydrogen heater.

[0006] Preferably, a drain solenoid valve is externally connected to the gas-liquid separator, and a first drain solenoid valve is externally connected to the water storage box.

[0007] Preferably, a liquid level sensor is installed in the water storage box.

[0008] The beneficial technical effects of the present utility model are as follows: By means of a multi-functional integrated ejector, multiple components are integrated, which can reduce the number of connecting parts, reduce the hydrogen leakage rate and also reduce the volume; Incorporating the heat source of the hydrogen heater into the inlet and outlet of the coolant of the fuel cell stack can effectively utilize the heat of the coolant and improve the success rate of cold start; On the other hand, the hydrogen heater is placed at the rear end of the ejector to reduce the influence of the heated hydrogen on the performance of the ejector. Description of the Drawings

[0009] Figure 1 The structural schematic diagram of the present utility model is shown.

[0010] Reference numerals: 1, hydrogen storage tank; 2, high-pressure sensor; 3, filter; 4, ejector; 5, hydrogen heater; 6, low-pressure sensor; 7, fuel cell stack; 8, drain solenoid valve; 9, gas-liquid separator; 10, liquid level sensor; 11, water storage box; 12, first drain solenoid valve; 13, integrated ejector; 14, radiator; 15, thermostat; 16, water pump; 17, PTC. Detailed Embodiments

[0011] The preferred embodiments of the present utility model will be described below with reference to the drawings. Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are only used to explain the technical principle of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0012] The present utility model provides a multi-functional integrated ejector for a hydrogen fuel cell, which includes a hydrogen storage tank 1, a fuel cell stack 7, an integrated ejector 13 and a cooling system. The integrated ejector 13 is located between the hydrogen storage tank 1 and the fuel cell stack 7. The integrated ejector 13 includes a filter 3, an ejector 4 and a hydrogen heater 5. Between the outlet of the hydrogen storage tank 1 and the first inlet of the fuel cell stack 7, the filter 3, the ejector 4 and the hydrogen heater 5 are connected in sequence from right to left. The integrated ejector 13 further includes a gas-liquid separator 9 and a water storage box 11. Between the first outlet of the fuel cell stack 7 and the water storage box 11, the gas-liquid separator 9 and the water storage box 11 are connected in sequence from left to right. The gas-liquid separator 9 is also connected to the ejector 4; The cooling system includes a radiator 14. Between the second outlet of the fuel cell stack 7 and the inlet of the radiator 14, a liquid outlet pipe is connected. Between the outlet of the radiator 14 and the second inlet of the fuel cell stack 7, a liquid inlet pipe is connected. The thermostat 15 and the water pump 16 are connected in sequence from right to left on the liquid inlet pipe. The PTC 17 is also connected between the thermostat 15 and the liquid outlet pipe. The hydrogen heater 5 is also connected to the liquid outlet pipe respectively; A high-pressure sensor 2 is connected between the hydrogen storage tank 1 and the filter 3. A low-pressure sensor 6 is connected between the fuel cell stack 7 and the hydrogen heater 5; A drain solenoid valve 8 is externally connected to the gas-liquid separator 9. A first drain solenoid valve 12 is externally connected to the water storage box 11; A liquid level sensor 10 is installed in the water storage box 11.

[0013] The hydrogen storage bottle 1 provides a continuous supply of fresh hydrogen to the integrated ejector 13. The ejector 4 includes a proportional valve and a solenoid valve group, which are used to control the pressure of the stack and the operation of the ejector 4. To measure the front-end pressure, a high-pressure sensor 2 is placed in front of the filter 3. After passing through the filter 3, the fresh hydrogen enters the ejector 4 through the valve group of the ejector 4, and then enters the hydrogen heater 5. The heat source of the hydrogen heater 5 comes from the system coolant, which heats the hydrogen entering the stack to improve the cold start efficiency. The low-pressure sensor 6 is used to monitor the pressure of the hydrogen entering the stack. After the hydrogen enters the stack 7, it reacts chemically with the air. The hydrogen will generate water and the unreacted hydrogen will enter the gas-liquid separator 9. The gas-liquid separator 9 separates the hydrogen and water. The hydrogen directly enters the ejector 4 and re-enters the stack, while the water enters the water storage box 11. There is a liquid level sensor 10 on the water storage box to detect the liquid level of the water box. When it is excessive, it is discharged through the first drainage solenoid valve 12.

[0014] The main functions of the drain solenoid valve 8 are: 1. to relieve pressure when the pressure in the gas-liquid separator exceeds the standard; 2. to discharge the purge gas during shutdown and purge.

[0015] A large amount of heat will be generated during the chemical reaction between hydrogen and air. In order to ensure that the stack 7 can always maintain an ideal temperature, a cooling system is required to cool it down. The cooling system is divided into a large cycle, also known as the main cooling, and a small cycle. The working principle of the large cycle is: the water pump 16 circulates the hot coolant in the stack 7 to the radiator 14 for cooling through its own action, ensuring that the temperature of the stack remains at 70-80°C. The small cycle is generally only turned on during cold start and is controlled by the thermostat 15. At this time, the coolant only circulates through PTC17, water pump 16, and stack 7. PTC17 heats the coolant and circulates it to the stack 7 through the water pump 16, preheating the stack 7 for a period of time until the stack 7 is fully started; when the small cycle is not needed, the thermostat 15 will switch to the large cycle to maintain the internal temperature of the stack 7.

[0016] Although the present invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, various modifications may be made thereto and parts thereof may be replaced with equivalents without departing from the scope of the present invention. In particular, the various technical features mentioned in the various embodiments may be combined in any manner as long as there is no structural conflict. The present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

[0017] In the description of the present utility model, the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., which indicate directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. This is only for the convenience of description and does not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present utility model. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0018] In addition, it should be noted that in the description of the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "mounted", "connected", "coupled" shall be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0019] The term "comprising" or any other similar term is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, article, or apparatus / device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or also includes elements inherent to these process, article, or apparatus / device.

[0020] So far, the technical solution of the present utility model has been described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings. However, it is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the protection scope of the present utility model is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principle of the present utility model, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will all fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A multifunctional integrated ejector for a hydrogen fuel cell, comprising a hydrogen storage tank (1), a fuel cell stack (7), an integrated ejector (13) and a cooling system, wherein the integrated ejector (13) is located between the hydrogen storage tank (1) and the fuel cell stack (7), and is characterized in that: The integrated ejector (13) comprises a filter (3), an ejector (4), and a hydrogen heater (5); the filter (3), the ejector (4), and the hydrogen heater (5) are connected in sequence from right to left between the outlet of the hydrogen storage tank (1) and the first inlet of the battery stack (7); the integrated ejector (13) further comprises a gas-liquid separator (9) and a water storage box (11); the first outlet of the battery stack (7) is connected in sequence from left to right to the gas-liquid separator (9) and the water storage box (11); the gas-liquid separator (9) is also connected to the ejector (4); The cooling system comprises a radiator (14), a liquid outlet pipe is connected between the second outlet of the battery stack (7) and the inlet of the radiator (14), a liquid inlet pipe is connected between the outlet of the radiator (14) and the second inlet of the battery stack (7), a thermostat (15) and a water pump (16) are connected to the liquid inlet pipe in sequence from right to left, a PTC (17) is also connected between the thermostat (15) and the liquid outlet pipe, and the hydrogen heater (5) is also connected to the liquid outlet pipe respectively.

2. The multifunctional integrated ejector for a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: A high-pressure sensor (2) is connected between the hydrogen storage tank (1) and the filter (3), and a low-pressure sensor (6) is connected between the fuel cell stack (7) and the hydrogen heater (5).

3. The multifunctional integrated ejector for a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas-liquid separator (9) is externally connected to a drainage solenoid valve (8), and the water storage box (11) is externally connected to a first drainage solenoid valve (12).

4. The multifunctional integrated ejector for a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: A liquid level sensor (10) is installed in the water storage box (11).

Images