Boiler tail smoke treatment system

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of boiler equipment, and relates to a boiler tail smoke treatment system which comprises a boiler, a slope flue and a post-treatment unit. The boiler is communicated with the post-treatment unit through a slope flue; the ash deposition side of the slope flue is obliquely arranged from high to low from the inlet end to the outlet end; the ash deposition side of the slope flue is obliquely arranged from high to low from the inlet end to the outlet end, so that when flue gas flows through the discharge flue, fly ash particles in the flue gas naturally slide to the outlet end from the inlet end under the action of gravity, the deposition of the fly ash particles in the slope flue is reduced, the formation of an ash deposition layer is avoided, and the flue gas emission efficiency is improved. And therefore, the space for flue gas circulation is prevented from being occupied by accumulated dust, and the flue gas is ensured to be smoothly discharged out of the slope flue.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of boiler equipment, and particularly relates to a boiler tail gas treatment system. Background Art

[0002] In the fields of electric power, industrial heating, chemical industry, etc., boilers, as important heat energy conversion equipment, mainly heat water or other liquids into steam or hot water to meet the needs of various industries. However, during the operation of boilers, a large amount of tail gas will inevitably be generated. These tail gases often contain various pollutants such as particulate matter and harmful gases. If directly discharged into the atmosphere, it will cause serious pollution to the environment, affecting human health and ecological balance. Therefore, effectively treating boiler tail gas and reducing pollutant emissions are important measures to protect the environment.

[0003] In the prior art, there is certain research on the treatment of boiler tail gas. Refer to the patent document with the application number 202323046995.9, which discloses a boiler tail gas purification system, including: an exhaust flue, one end of which is connected to the exhaust outlet of a coal-fired boiler, and heat exchange tubes are coated on the outer side of the exhaust flue, and an ozone generator is arranged in the exhaust flue; a spray tower, which is connected to the other end of the exhaust flue; a dust removal tower, which is connected to the outlet end of the spray tower; a fan, which is connected to the outlet end of the dust removal tower; a chimney, which is connected to the outlet end of the fan; a sewage purification mechanism, which is connected to the spray tower and the dust removal tower, and the output end of the sewage purification mechanism supplies purified water bodies to the spray tower and the dust removal tower through pipelines; the flue gas generated by the boiler enters the exhaust flue through the exhaust outlet of the boiler, and then passes through the spray tower and the dust removal tower in sequence to purify the flue gas. The purified flue gas is discharged into the atmosphere through the chimney under the action of the fan.

[0004] However, when the flue gas flows through the exhaust flue, the fly ash particles in the flue gas are easy to deposit in the horizontal section or low-lying area of the exhaust flue, forming an ash accumulation layer. These ash accumulations occupy the space originally used for flue gas circulation, resulting in the narrowing of the exhaust flue and affecting the smooth discharge of the flue gas. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] In order to solve the technical problem described in the background art that the fly ash particles in the flue gas are easy to deposit in the horizontal section or low-lying area of the exhaust flue and affect the smooth discharge of the flue gas, the utility model provides a boiler tail gas treatment system.

[0006] In the boiler tail gas treatment system of the utility model, the ash accumulation side of the inclined flue is inclined from high to low from the inlet end to the outlet end, so that when the flue gas flows through the exhaust flue, the fly ash particles in the flue gas naturally slide from the inlet end to the outlet end under the action of gravity, reducing the deposition of fly ash particles in the inclined flue, avoiding the formation of an ash accumulation layer, and further avoiding the occupation of the space for flue gas circulation by the ash accumulation, ensuring the smooth discharge of the flue gas from the inclined flue.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the present utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A boiler tail gas treatment system includes a boiler, a ramp flue, and a post-treatment unit; the boiler is connected to the post-treatment unit through the ramp flue; the ash-accumulating side of the ramp flue is inclined from high to low from the inlet end to the outlet end.

[0009] In a specific feasible embodiment, the inclination angle range of the ash-accumulating side of the ramp flue is 10° - 30°.

[0010] In a specific feasible embodiment, the ratio range of the cross-sectional area of the inlet end to the cross-sectional area of the outlet end of the ramp flue is 1:(6 - 8).

[0011] In a specific feasible embodiment, the boiler tail gas treatment system further includes an ash cleaning unit, and the ash cleaning unit includes a purging air cap and an air supply component; the purging air caps are installed in the ramp flue along the flow direction of the flue gas, and the purging air caps are used to blow air flow to the bottom of the ramp flue; the ramp flue is connected to an air chamber; the air supply component is connected to the air chamber, and the air supply component is used to supply air to the air chamber.

[0012] In a specific feasible embodiment, a plurality of the purging air caps are provided, and the plurality of purging air caps are arranged side by side along the extending direction of the ash-accumulating side of the ramp flue.

[0013] In a specific feasible embodiment, the plurality of purging air caps are evenly distributed along the extending direction of the ash-accumulating side of the ramp flue.

[0014] In a specific feasible embodiment, the air supply component includes an air supply pipeline, an air supply source, and a regulating valve; the air supply source is connected to the air chamber through the air supply pipeline; the regulating valve is installed on the air supply pipeline.

[0015] In a specific feasible embodiment, the post-treatment unit includes a cyclone separator, a fan, and a chimney; the inlet end of the cyclone separator is connected to the outlet end of the ramp flue; the inlet end of the fan is connected to the outlet end of the cyclone separator; the inlet end of the chimney is connected to the outlet end of the fan.

[0016] In a specific feasible embodiment, the boiler tail gas treatment system further includes a recovery unit, and the recovery unit includes a recovery pipeline and a return air flow regulating gate; the inlet end of the recovery pipeline is connected to the bottom of the cyclone separator, the outlet end of the recovery pipeline is connected to the boiler; the return air flow regulating gate is installed on the recovery pipeline.

[0017] In a specific feasible embodiment, the recovery unit further includes a loosening air flow regulating door; the loosening air flow regulating door is installed on the recovery pipeline, and the loosening air flow regulating door is located on the side of the return air flow regulating door away from the cyclone separator.

[0018] In summary, the utility model includes the following beneficial technical effects:

[0019] 1. In the boiler tail gas treatment system of the utility model, the ash accumulation side of the inclined flue is inclined from high to low from the inlet end to the outlet end, so that when the flue gas flows through the discharge flue, the fly ash particles in the flue gas naturally slide from the inlet end to the outlet end under the action of gravity, reducing the deposition of fly ash particles in the inclined flue, avoiding the formation of an ash accumulation layer, and further avoiding the occupied space for flue gas circulation by the ash accumulation, ensuring the smooth discharge of the flue gas from the inclined flue.

[0020] 2. In the boiler tail gas treatment system of the utility model, purging air caps are installed along the flow direction of the flue gas in the inclined flue, and air flow is blown to the ash accumulation side of the inclined flue through the purging air caps to remove the fly ash particles deposited on the ash accumulation side of the inclined flue, further reducing the ash accumulation phenomenon and ensuring the smoothness of the inclined flue. Description of the Drawings

[0021] Figure 1 is the overall structural schematic diagram of the boiler tail gas treatment system of the utility model.

[0022] Description of the reference numerals: 1. Boiler; 2. Inclined flue; 3. Post-treatment unit; 31. Cyclone separator; 32. Fan; 33. Chimney; 4. Ash cleaning unit; 41. Purging air cap; 42. Air supply pipeline; 43. Regulating valve; 44. Air chamber; 5. Recovery unit; 51. Recovery pipeline; 52. Return air flow regulating door; 53. Loosening air flow regulating door. Detailed Embodiments

[0023] The technical solutions of the utility model will be further explained below with reference to the drawings and embodiments, but the utility model is not limited to the following described embodiments.

[0024] Refer to Figure 1 , a boiler tail gas treatment system, including a boiler 1, an inclined flue 2 and a post-treatment unit 3. The boiler 1 is communicated with the post-treatment unit 3 through the inclined flue 2; the top of the inclined flue 2 is horizontally arranged, and the ash accumulation side of the inclined flue 2 is inclined from high to low from the inlet end to the outlet end.

[0025] In the present utility model, the inclination angle range of the ash accumulation side of the inclined flue 2 is 10° - 30°. The inclination angle of the ash accumulation side of the inclined flue 2 can be 10°, can be 20°, or can be 30°. Setting the ash accumulation side of the inclined flue 2 to an appropriate inclination angle enables the fly ash particles in the flue gas to smoothly fall to the outlet end of the inclined flue 2, thereby avoiding the deposition of fly ash particles in the flue gas in the inclined flue 2. Such setting methods are all acceptable.

[0026] In the present utility model, the ratio range of the cross-sectional area of the inlet end to the cross-sectional area of the outlet end of the inclined flue 2 is 1:(6 - 8). The ratio of the cross-sectional area of the inlet end to the cross-sectional area of the outlet end of the inclined flue 2 can be 1:6, can be 1:7, or can be 1:8. Setting the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the inlet end to the cross-sectional area of the outlet end of the inclined flue 2 to an appropriate ratio enables the flue gas to gradually diffuse and decelerate during the flow process, facilitating the better settlement of fly ash particles on the ash accumulation side of the inclined flue 2 under the action of gravity. Such setting methods are all acceptable.

[0027] Refer to Figure 1 , the post-treatment unit 3 includes a cyclone separator 31, a fan 32, and a chimney 33. The inlet end of the cyclone separator 31 is connected to the outlet end of the inclined flue 2; the inlet end of the fan 32 is connected to the outlet end of the cyclone separator 31; the inlet end of the chimney 33 is connected to the outlet end of the fan 32.

[0028] Specifically, the cyclone separator 31 is connected to the fan 32 through a first exhaust pipe, and the fan 32 is connected to the chimney 33 through a second exhaust pipe.

[0029] In the present utility model, when the flue gas discharged from the boiler 1 passes through the inclined flue 2, most of the fly ash particles settle and flow to the bottom of the cyclone separator 31; the relatively clean flue gas is further separated under the action of the high-speed rotating airflow inside the cyclone separator 31, and the fine particulate matter in the flue gas is separated and deposited at the bottom of the cyclone separator 31. The flue gas preliminarily purified by the cyclone separator 31 is discharged through the outlet end of the cyclone separator 31; the preliminarily purified flue gas enters the fan 32 through the first exhaust pipe, and the fan 32 pressurizes the flue gas, and the flue gas flows to the chimney 33 through the second exhaust pipe. Under the promotion of the fan 32, the residual particulate matter in the flue gas is further dispersed and diluted, reducing the particulate matter concentration in the flue gas during emission, and realizing the treatment of the tail gas of the boiler 1.

[0030] Embodiment 1:

[0031] Refer to Figure 1 , in the boiler tail gas treatment system of this embodiment, the inclination angle of the bottom of the inclined flue 2 is 30°.

[0032] In this embodiment, the inclination angle of 30° provides sufficient gravitational component for the natural sliding of fly ash particles in the inclined flue 2; when the flue gas discharged from the boiler 1 passes through the inclined flue 2, the fly ash particles therein are deposited on the ash-accumulating side of the inclined flue 2 under the action of gravity and air flow, and are carried to the outlet end of the inclined flue 2 along with the flow of the flue gas, reducing the deposition and retention of fly ash particles in the flue gas in the inclined flue 2.

[0033] Embodiment 2:

[0034] Referring to Figure 1 , in the boiler tail gas treatment system of this embodiment, on the basis of Embodiment 1, the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the inlet end to the cross-sectional area of the outlet end of the inclined flue 2 is 1:6.

[0035] Specifically, the cross-section of the inclined flue 2 is square. In this embodiment, the side length of the inlet end of the inclined flue 2 is 2.1 meters, and the side length of the outlet end of the inclined flue 2 is approximately 5.14 meters.

[0036] In this embodiment, the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the inlet end to the cross-sectional area of the outlet end of the inclined flue 2 is 1:6, which slows down the flow velocity of the flue gas to the outlet end of the inclined flue 2, is conducive to increasing the residence time of fly ash particles in the inclined flue 2, and improving the sedimentation efficiency of fly ash particles. At the same time, due to the larger cross-sectional area of the outlet end, the deposited fly ash particles are not easily blown up again to form secondary pollution.

[0037] Embodiment 3:

[0038] Referring to Figure 1 , the boiler tail gas treatment system of this embodiment further includes an ash cleaning unit 4. The ash cleaning unit 4 includes a purging air cap 41 and a air supply component. The purging air cap 41 is installed in the inclined flue 2 along the flow direction of the flue gas, and the purging air cap 41 is used to blow air flow to the ash-accumulating side of the inclined flue 2; the inclined flue 2 is connected to an air chamber 44; the air supply component is connected to the air chamber 44, and the air supply component is used to supply air to the air chamber 44.

[0039] Specifically, the purging air cap 41 can be a cylindrical purging air cap 41, an umbrella-shaped purging air cap 41, a conical purging air cap 41, etc. By setting a purging air cap 41 with a suitable shape, the purging air cap 41 actively purges the ash-accumulating side of the inclined flue 2 to remove the fly ash particles deposited on the ash-accumulating side of the inclined flue 2, and such setting methods are all acceptable; in this embodiment, the purging air cap 41 is set as an umbrella-shaped purging air cap 41, and the umbrella-shaped purging air cap 41 is conducive to forming a larger purging area.

[0040] Specifically, the number of the purging air caps 41 is jointly determined according to the length and width of the inclined flue 2 to achieve the best ash cleaning efficiency; in this embodiment, five purging air caps 41 are set, and the five purging air caps 41 are arranged at equal intervals along the flow direction side to ensure that the entire ash-accumulating side of the inclined flue 2 is evenly purged.

[0041] Specifically, the purging tuyere 41 is installed on the ash-accumulating side of the inclined flue 2; the air chamber 44 is installed directly below the ash-accumulating side of the inclined flue 2, and the air chamber 44 is welded to the inclined flue 2; the purging tuyere 41 is installed at the bottom of the inclined flue 2 and is connected to the air chamber 44 through a connecting pipe.

[0042] In this embodiment, the purging tuyere 41 is arranged on the ash-accumulating side of the inclined flue 2. The air supply member supplies air to the air chamber 44, and then the air chamber 44 provides air flow to the purging tuyere 41. Then, the purging tuyere 41 actively purges the ash-accumulating side of the inclined flue 2 to remove the fly ash particles deposited on the ash-accumulating side of the inclined flue 2, further reducing the generation of ash accumulation and ensuring the smoothness of the inclined flue 2.

[0043] Embodiment 4:

[0044] Referring to Figure 1 , in the boiler tail gas treatment system of this embodiment, on the basis of Embodiment 3, the air supply member includes an air supply pipe 42, an air supply source, and a regulating valve 43. The air supply source is communicated with the air chamber 44 through the air supply pipe 42; the regulating valve 43 is installed on the air supply pipe 42.

[0045] Specifically, the air supply source can be a blower 32, a compressed air tank, or other devices capable of providing stable air flow.

[0046] In this embodiment, the air supply source directly provides stable air flow to the air chamber 44 through the air supply pipe 42, and the regulating valve 43 facilitates the operator to adjust the air supply flow rate and pressure according to actual needs.

[0047] Embodiment 5:

[0048] Referring to Figure 1 , the boiler tail gas treatment system of this embodiment further includes a recovery unit 5. The recovery unit 5 includes a recovery pipe 51 and a return air flow regulating valve 52. The inlet end of the recovery pipe 51 is communicated with the bottom of the cyclone separator 31, and the outlet end of the recovery pipe 51 is communicated with the boiler 1; the return air regulating valve is installed on the recovery pipe 51.

[0049] In this embodiment, the recovery pipe 51 directly conveys the materials such as fly ash particles collected at the bottom of the cyclone separator 31 back to the boiler 1 for reuse, improving the recovery utilization rate of the materials; at the same time, by sending the materials back to the boiler 1 through the recovery pipe 51, the internal circulation of the materials is realized, which helps to maintain the balance of the materials in the boiler 1 and keep the combustion efficiency and stability. The set return air flow regulating valve 52 facilitates the operator to adjust the flow rate and pressure of the return air flow according to actual needs.

[0050] Embodiment 6:

[0051] Referring to Figure 1, in the boiler tail gas treatment system of this embodiment, on the basis of Embodiment 5, the recovery unit 5 further includes a loosening air flow regulating valve 53. The loosening air flow regulating valve 53 is installed on the recovery pipeline 51, and the loosening air flow regulating valve 53 is located on the side of the return air regulating valve away from the cyclone separator 31.

[0052] In this embodiment, injecting an appropriate amount of air flow into the recovery pipeline 51 through the loosening air flow regulating valve 53 helps prevent materials from accumulating and blocking in the recovery pipeline 51, ensuring the smoothness of the recovery pipeline 51.

[0053] The working principle of a boiler tail gas treatment system of the present utility model is as follows: When the flue gas discharged from the boiler 1 flows through the inclined flue 2, most of the fly ash particles in the flue gas naturally slide down to the ash accumulation side of the inclined flue 2 under the action of gravity, and are carried to the outlet end of the inclined flue 2 with the continuous flow of the flue gas. Most of the fly ash particles settle to the bottom of the cyclone separator 31, achieving the primary purification of the flue gas; then, under the action of the high-speed rotating air flow inside the cyclone separator 31, the fine particulate matter in the primarily purified flue gas is separated and deposited to the bottom of the cyclone separator 31, achieving the secondary purification of the flue gas; the secondarily purified flue gas is discharged from the outlet end of the cyclone separator 31 and enters the fan 32 through the first exhaust pipeline. The fan 32 pressurizes the secondarily purified flue gas, and the residual particulate matter in the secondarily purified flue gas is further dispersed and diluted, reducing the particulate matter concentration in the flue gas during emission, achieving the tertiary purification of the flue gas; finally, the tertiarily purified flue gas flows through the second exhaust pipeline to the chimney 33 and is discharged from the outlet end of the chimney 33 into the atmosphere.

[0054] In addition, materials such as fly ash particles collected at the bottom of the cyclone separator 31 are transported back to the boiler 1 again through the recovery pipeline 51, realizing the internal circulation of the materials and maintaining the balance of the materials in the boiler 1.

[0055] The above are all the preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereby. Therefore, all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present utility model should be covered within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A boiler tail smoke treatment system, characterized in that: It comprises a boiler (1), a sloped flue (2) and a post-processing unit (3); The boiler (1) is connected to the post-processing unit (3) via a sloped flue (2); The ash accumulation side of the slope flue (2) is arranged to be inclined from high to low from the inlet end to the outlet end.

2. The boiler tail smoke treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inclination angle of the ash accumulation side of the slope flue (2) ranges from 10° to 30°.

3. The boiler tail smoke treatment system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ratio of the cross-sectional area of ​​the inlet end of the slope flue (2) to the cross-sectional area of ​​the outlet end is in the range of 1:(6-8).

4. The boiler tail smoke treatment system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The boiler (1) tail smoke treatment system further comprises a ash cleaning unit (4), wherein the ash cleaning unit (4) comprises a purge hood (41) and an air supply member; A purge hood (41) is installed in the slope flue (2) along the flow direction of the flue gas, and the purge hood (41) is used to blow air flow toward the ash accumulation side of the slope flue (2); The sloped flue (2) is connected to a wind chamber (44); The air supply member is connected to the air chamber (44), and is used to supply air to the air chamber (44).

5. The boiler tail smoke treatment system according to claim 4, characterized in that: A plurality of the purge hoods (41) are provided, and the plurality of the purge hoods (41) are distributed side by side along the extension direction of the ash accumulation side of the slope flue (2).

6. The boiler tail smoke treatment system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The plurality of purge hoods (41) are evenly distributed along the extension direction of the ash accumulation side of the slope flue (2).

7. The boiler tail smoke treatment system according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that: The air supply component comprises an air supply pipeline (42), an air supply source and a regulating valve (43); The air supply source is connected to the air chamber (44) through an air supply duct (42); The regulating valve (43) is installed on the air supply pipeline (42).

8. The boiler tail smoke treatment system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The post-processing unit (3) comprises a cyclone separator (31), a fan (32) and a chimney (33); The inlet end of the cyclone separator (31) is in communication with the outlet end of the slope flue (2); The inlet end of the fan (32) is connected to the outlet end of the cyclone separator (31); The inlet end of the chimney (33) is communicated with the outlet end of the fan (32).

9. The boiler tail smoke treatment system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The boiler tail smoke treatment system further comprises a recovery unit (5), wherein the recovery unit (5) comprises a recovery pipeline (51) and a return gas flow regulating door (52); The inlet end of the recovery pipe (51) is in communication with the bottom of the cyclone separator (31), and the outlet end of the recovery pipe (51) is in communication with the boiler (1); The return air flow regulating door (52) is installed on the recovery pipeline (51).

10. The boiler tail smoke treatment system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The recovery unit (5) further comprises a loose airflow adjustment door (53); The loose airflow regulating door (53) is installed on the recovery pipe (51), and the loose airflow regulating door (53) is located on a side of the return airflow regulating door (52) away from the cyclone separator (31).

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