Multi-pass connector and power generation system

Abstract

The utility model provides a multi-pass connector and a power generation system, the multi-pass connector comprises at least two input ends, a power adjusting circuit and an output end, the at least two input ends of the multi-pass connector are connected with at least two paths of photovoltaic group strings, and the output end of the multi-pass connector is connected with an inverter circuit; the photovoltaic group string comprises at least two paths of photovoltaic sub-strings, and each photovoltaic sub-string comprises at least one power generation unit which is connected in series; the photovoltaic sub-strings of which the output voltages are within a preset voltage range in the at least two paths of photovoltaic strings are connected in parallel to obtain at least two target strings; wherein the power regulation circuit comprises at least one voltage conversion module, and the at least one voltage conversion module is used for performing voltage conversion on the output voltage of the string to be processed, so that the output voltages of the at least two target strings are within a target voltage range. Thus, the power adjusting circuit is integrated in the multi-pass connector, parallel output of multiple paths of photovoltaic group strings can be realized, and the problem of mismatch among different target group strings is eliminated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of batteries, and specifically, to a multi-way connector and a power generation system. Background Art

[0002] At present, among numerous renewable energy sources, photovoltaic energy has received extensive attention due to its pollution-free and inexhaustible characteristics. A variety of new photovoltaic cells with different structures have emerged one after another, such as gallium arsenide (GaAs) photovoltaic cells, amorphous silicon photovoltaic cells, crystalline silicon-perovskite tandem cells, etc.

[0003] Among them, the crystalline silicon-perovskite tandem cell consists of a multi-layer structure and can utilize sunlight of multiple bands. However, due to different power generation conditions of different cell layers, there are problems of electrical parameter mismatch in the current and voltage output by different cell layers, resulting in power loss in the output electric energy. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] The utility model mainly provides a multi-way connector and a power generation system, which can integrate a power adjustment circuit into the multi-way connector, not only can broaden the application range of the multi-way connector, but also can solve the problem of parameter mismatch between different target strings, thereby improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency and power output of the photovoltaic string.

[0005] The technical solution of the utility model is realized as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the utility model provides a multi-way connector. The multi-way connector includes at least two input ends, a power adjustment circuit, and an output end. At least two input ends of the multi-way connector are connected to at least two photovoltaic strings, and the output end of the multi-way connector is connected to an inverter circuit;

[0007] The photovoltaic string includes at least two photovoltaic sub-strings, and the photovoltaic sub-string includes at least one serially connected power generation unit; the photovoltaic sub-strings with output voltages within a preset voltage range in at least two photovoltaic strings are connected in parallel to obtain at least two target strings; wherein:

[0008] The power adjustment circuit includes at least one voltage conversion module, and the at least one voltage conversion module is used to perform voltage conversion on the output voltage of the to-be-processed string, so that the output voltages of at least two target strings are all within the target voltage range; wherein, the to-be-processed string is one or more target strings with output voltages outside the target voltage range among at least two target strings.

[0009] Through the above technical means, a power adjustment circuit including a voltage conversion module is provided in the multi-way connector. By integrating the power adjustment circuit into the multi-way connector, not only the application range of the multi-way connector is broadened, but also the output voltage of the target string in the photovoltaic string whose output voltage is outside the target voltage range can be converted, so that the output voltages of different target strings in the photovoltaic string are consistent, thereby enabling all target strings to output uniformly, solving the problem of parameter mismatch between different target strings, and further improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency and power generation output of the photovoltaic string.

[0010] In some embodiments, the multi-way connector further includes at least two busbar components. The busbar components are used to connect in parallel the photovoltaic sub-strings with output voltages within a preset voltage range in at least two photovoltaic strings. Among them: the input ends of the busbar components are respectively connected to the photovoltaic sub-strings with output voltages within the preset voltage range in at least two photovoltaic strings, and the output ends of the busbar components are connected to the input end of the power adjustment circuit.

[0011] Through the above technical means, the multi-way connector further includes at least one busbar component. Each busbar component can connect in parallel the photovoltaic sub-strings with output voltages within a preset voltage range in at least two photovoltaic strings, so that the number of photovoltaic strings can be arbitrarily increased, thereby increasing the output power.

[0012] In some embodiments, the at least two busbar components include a first busbar component and a second busbar component. Among them: the first busbar component is used to connect in parallel the photovoltaic sub-strings with output voltages within a first preset voltage range in at least two photovoltaic strings; the second busbar component is used to connect in parallel the photovoltaic sub-strings with output voltages within a second preset voltage range in at least two photovoltaic strings.

[0013] Through the above technical means, the multi-way connector includes a first busbar component and a second busbar component, which respectively connect in parallel the photovoltaic sub-strings within the first preset voltage range and the second preset voltage range, so that the number of photovoltaic strings can be arbitrarily increased, thereby increasing the output power.

[0014] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic string includes a first photovoltaic sub-string and a second photovoltaic sub-string. The first photovoltaic sub-string includes at least one first power generation unit connected in series, and the second photovoltaic sub-string includes at least one second power generation unit connected in series. The first power generation unit and the second power generation unit have different bandgaps. Among them: the input ends of the first busbar component are respectively connected to the first photovoltaic sub-strings in at least two photovoltaic strings, and the output end of the first busbar component is connected to the input end of the inverter circuit; the input ends of the second busbar component are respectively connected to the second photovoltaic sub-strings in at least two photovoltaic strings, and the output end of the second busbar component is connected to the input end of the inverter circuit.

[0015] Through the above technical means, the output voltage of the first photovoltaic string is collected by the first busbar assembly, and the output voltage of the second photovoltaic string is collected by the second busbar assembly, and then input to the power adjustment circuit for voltage conversion. In this way, the power adjustment circuit can adjust the output voltages of multiple photovoltaic strings, and can also solve the problem of mismatch between different photovoltaic sub-strings in at least two photovoltaic strings.

[0016] In some embodiments, at least one voltage conversion module includes a first voltage conversion module, wherein: the output end of the first busbar assembly is connected to the input end of the first voltage conversion module, the output end of the second busbar assembly is connected to the output end of the first voltage conversion module, and the output end of the first voltage conversion module is also connected to the input end of the inverter circuit.

[0017] Through the above technical means, by connecting the output end of the first busbar assembly to the first voltage conversion module, the output voltage of the string to be processed can be voltage-converted so that the output voltages of at least two target strings are both within the target voltage range, thereby solving the problem of mismatch between the output voltages of different target strings and improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency and the output efficiency of the photovoltaic string.

[0018] In some embodiments, the multi-way connector further includes a first switch module, wherein: the output end of the second busbar assembly is connected to the input end of the first switch module, the output end of the first voltage conversion module is connected to the output end of the first switch module, and the output end of the first voltage conversion module is also connected to the input end of the inverter circuit.

[0019] Through the above technical means, by connecting the output end of the second busbar assembly to the first switch module, by controlling the on and off of the first switch module, the intelligent turn-off and anti-reverse functions of the target string formed by at least one second photovoltaic string in at least two photovoltaic strings in parallel through the second busbar assembly can be realized.

[0020] In some embodiments, at least one voltage conversion module includes a second voltage conversion module, wherein: the output end of the second busbar assembly is connected to the input end of the second voltage conversion module, the output end of the first busbar assembly is connected to the output end of the second voltage conversion module, and the output end of the second voltage conversion module is also connected to the input end of the inverter circuit.

[0021] Through the above technical means, by connecting the output end of the second busbar assembly to the second voltage conversion module, the output voltage adjustment of the string to be processed can be voltage-converted so that the output voltages of at least two target strings are both within the target voltage range, thereby solving the problem of mismatch of the output voltages of different target strings and improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency and the output efficiency of the photovoltaic string.

[0022] In some embodiments, the multi-way connector further includes a second switch module, wherein: the output end of the first busbar assembly is connected to the input end of the second switch module, the output end of the second voltage conversion module is connected to the output end of the second switch module, and the output end of the second voltage conversion module is further connected to the input end of the inverter circuit.

[0023] By the above technical means, the output end of the second busbar assembly is connected to the second switch module, and by controlling the on and off of the second switch module, it is possible to realize the intelligent shutdown and anti-reverse function of the target string after at least one first photovoltaic string in at least two photovoltaic strings is connected in parallel through the first busbar assembly.

[0024] In some embodiments, at least one voltage conversion module includes a first voltage conversion module and a second voltage conversion module, wherein: the output end of the first busbar assembly is connected to the input end of the first voltage conversion module, the output end of the second busbar assembly is connected to the input end of the second voltage conversion module, the output end of the first voltage conversion module is connected to the output end of the second voltage conversion module, and the output end of the first voltage conversion module is further connected to the input end of the inverter circuit.

[0025] By the above technical means, by connecting the output end of the first busbar assembly to the first voltage conversion module and the output end of the second busbar assembly to the second voltage conversion module, it is possible to adjust the output voltages of the target strings after at least one second photovoltaic string is connected in parallel through the second busbar assembly and the output voltages of the target strings after at least one first photovoltaic string is connected in parallel through the first busbar assembly to be all within the target voltage range, so that the output voltages of at least two target strings can be directly connected in parallel, solving the problem of output voltage mismatch of different target strings and improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency and the output efficiency of the photovoltaic strings.

[0026] In some embodiments, the first voltage conversion module includes a first switch tube, a first diode, a first inductor, and a first capacitor, wherein: the positive output end of the first busbar assembly is connected to the first end of the first switch tube, the second end of the first switch tube is respectively connected to the first end of the first diode and the first end of the first inductor, the second end of the first inductor is respectively connected to the first end of the first capacitor, the positive output end of the second busbar assembly, and the positive input end of the inverter circuit; the negative output end of the first busbar assembly is respectively connected to the second end of the first diode, the second end of the first capacitor, the negative output end of the second busbar assembly, and the negative input end of the inverter circuit.

[0027] Through the above technical means, the energy storage and energy release of the first inductor can be controlled according to the conduction and turn-off of the first switching tube, so that the output voltage of the target string after the first photovoltaic string is connected in parallel through the first busbar assembly can be step-down adjusted, solving the problem of output voltage mismatch of different target strings, and improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency and the output efficiency of the photovoltaic string.

[0028] In some embodiments, the second voltage conversion module includes a second inductor, a second switching tube, a second diode, and a second capacitor, where: the positive output terminal of the second busbar assembly is connected to the first end of the second inductor, and the second end of the second inductor is respectively connected to the first end of the second switching tube and the first end of the second diode, and the second end of the second diode is respectively connected to the first end of the second capacitor, the positive output terminal of the first busbar assembly, and the positive input terminal of the inverter circuit; the negative output terminal of the second busbar assembly is respectively connected to the second end of the second switching tube, the second end of the second capacitor, the negative output terminal of the second busbar assembly, and the negative input terminal of the inverter circuit.

[0029] Through the above technical means, the energy storage and energy release of the second inductor can be controlled according to the conduction and turn-off of the second switching tube, so that the output voltage of the target string after the second photovoltaic string is connected in parallel through the second busbar assembly can be step-up adjusted, solving the problem of output voltage mismatch of different target strings, and improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency and the output efficiency of the photovoltaic string.

[0030] In some embodiments, the first switching module includes a first switch and a first anti-reverse module, where: the first end of the first switch is connected to the positive output terminal of the second busbar assembly, the second end of the first switch is connected to the first end of the first anti-reverse module, and the second end of the first anti-reverse module is respectively connected to the positive output terminal of the first voltage conversion module and the positive input terminal of the inverter circuit; the negative output terminal of the second busbar assembly is connected to the negative output terminal of the first voltage conversion module and the negative input terminal of the inverter circuit.

[0031] Through the above technical means, when the output voltage of the target string after the second photovoltaic string is connected in parallel through the second busbar assembly is abnormal, the first switching module is controlled to disconnect, thereby realizing the intelligent control of the photovoltaic string and avoiding damage to the device caused by abnormal current or voltage.

[0032] In some embodiments, the second switching module includes a second switch and a second anti-reverse module, where: the first end of the second switch is connected to the positive output terminal of the first busbar assembly, the second end of the second switch is connected to the first end of the second anti-reverse module, and the second end of the second anti-reverse module is respectively connected to the positive output terminal of the second voltage conversion module and the positive input terminal of the inverter circuit; the negative output terminal of the first busbar assembly is connected to the negative output terminal of the second voltage conversion module and the negative input terminal of the inverter circuit.

[0033] Through the above technical means, when the output voltage of the target string after the first photovoltaic string is paralleled through the first busbar assembly is abnormal, by controlling the second switch module to disconnect, the intelligent control of the photovoltaic string is realized, and the abnormal current or voltage is avoided from damaging the device.

[0034] In some embodiments, the multi-way connector further includes a power tracking module, where: the power tracking module is configured to generate a pulse modulation signal based on the output voltage of the string to be processed and the target voltage range, and send the pulse modulation signal to at least one voltage conversion module; wherein, the pulse modulation signal is used to control the voltage conversion module to perform voltage conversion on the output voltage of the string to be processed.

[0035] Through the above technical means, by means of the pulse modulation signal output by the power tracking module, the adjustment amplitude of increasing or decreasing the output voltage of the string to be processed is controlled by at least one voltage conversion module, so as to realize the optimal adaptation of the output voltages of at least two target strings, reduce the cost, and increase the output of electric energy.

[0036] In some embodiments, the multi-way connector further includes a communication module and a collection module, where: the collection module is configured to collect the output parameters of at least two photovoltaic sub-strings in the photovoltaic string, and send the output parameters of at least two photovoltaic sub-strings in the photovoltaic string to the communication module; the communication module is configured to receive the output parameters of at least two photovoltaic sub-strings in the photovoltaic string and send them to the control module.

[0037] Through the above technical means, through the collection module and the communication module, real-time data monitoring and intelligent diagnosis are carried out on the output parameters of at least two photovoltaic sub-strings in the photovoltaic string and the output parameters of the power adjustment circuit, and the abnormality is timely feedback, which improves the digital level of the overall system and improves the safety.

[0038] In some embodiments, there is a corresponding relationship between the number of input ends of the multi-way connector, the current-carrying upper limit value of the multi-way connector, and the output currents of at least two photovoltaic sub-strings in the photovoltaic string.

[0039] Through the above technical means, the number of input ports can be determined according to the output currents of at least two photovoltaic sub-strings. In this way, a mathematical calculation method definition is made for the selection of the multi-way connector of the laminated component, which helps to select a more reasonable number of input ports.

[0040] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a power generation system, the power generation system includes at least two photovoltaic strings, an inverter circuit, and the multi-way connector as described in the first aspect; wherein, at least two input ends of the multi-way connector are connected to at least two photovoltaic strings, and the output end of the multi-way connector is connected to the inverter circuit.

[0041] Through the above technical means, by integrating the power optimizer into the multi-way connector, not only the parallel output of multiple target strings is achieved, thus solving the capacity problem of multiple parallel connections required due to too low current, but also the mismatch problem between different cell layers of the laminated components is eliminated, greatly improving the system efficiency and economy.

[0042] The present utility model provides a multi-way connector and a power generation system. A power adjustment circuit including a voltage conversion module is provided in the multi-way connector. By integrating the power adjustment circuit into the multi-way connector, not only the application range of the multi-way connector is broadened, but also the output voltage of the target string whose output voltage in the photovoltaic string is outside the target voltage range can be converted, making the output voltages of different target strings in the photovoltaic string consistent, so that all target strings can be uniformly output, solving the problem of parameter mismatch between different target strings, and further improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency and power generation output of the photovoltaic string. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the composition of a photovoltaic connector;

[0044] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the composition of a power generation unit, a laminated component, a photovoltaic string and a photovoltaic sub-string provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0045] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the composition of a power generation system provided by an embodiment of the present utility model Figure 1 ;

[0046] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the composition of a power generation system provided by an embodiment of the present utility model Figure 2 ;

[0047] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the composition of a power generation system provided by an embodiment of the present utility model Figure 3 ;

[0048] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the composition of a power generation system provided by an embodiment of the present utility model Figure 4 ;

[0049] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the composition of a power generation system provided by an embodiment of the present utility model Figure 5 ;

[0050] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of the composition of a power generation system provided by an embodiment of the present utility model Figure 6 ;

[0051] Figure 9Schematic diagram of the composition structure of a power generation system provided by an embodiment of the present utility model Figure 7 ;

[0052] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the composition structure of a power generation system provided by an embodiment of the present utility model Figure 8 ;

[0053] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the composition structure of a power generation system provided by an embodiment of the present utility model Figure 9 ;

[0054] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the composition structure of a power generation system provided by an embodiment of the present utility model Figure 10 ;

[0055] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the composition structure of a power generation system provided by an embodiment of the present utility model Figure 10 One;

[0056] Figure 14 Schematic flow chart for determining the number of input ports provided by an embodiment of the present utility model. Detailed implementation manners

[0057] In order to more comprehensively understand the features and technical content of the embodiments of the present utility model, the implementation of the embodiments of the present utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The attached drawings are only for reference and illustration purposes and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present utility model.

[0058] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present utility model belongs. The terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing the embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model.

[0059] In the following description, reference is made to "some embodiments", which describe a subset of all possible embodiments. However, it can be understood that "some embodiments" can be the same subset or different subsets of all possible embodiments and can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0060] It should also be noted that the terms "first / second / third" related to the embodiments of the present utility model are only used to distinguish similar objects and do not represent a specific order for the objects. It can be understood that "first / second / third" can be interchanged with a specific order or sequence when allowed, so that the embodiments of the present utility model described herein can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein.

[0061] New energy batteries are being used more and more widely in life and industry. For example, new energy vehicles equipped with batteries have been widely used. In addition, batteries are also being used more and more in the energy storage field, etc.

[0062] At present, new energy batteries are being used more and more widely in life and industry. New energy batteries are not only used in energy storage power systems such as hydropower, thermal power, wind power, and solar power plants, but also widely used in electric vehicles such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, and electric cars, as well as in many fields such as aerospace. With the continuous expansion of the application fields of power batteries, the market demand is also constantly increasing.

[0063] In the embodiments of the present utility model, the battery can be a battery cell. A battery cell refers to the basic unit that can realize the mutual conversion of chemical energy and electrical energy, and can be used to make a battery module or a battery pack, so as to supply power to the electrical device. The battery cell can be a secondary battery, and a secondary battery refers to a battery cell that can be activated by charging after discharging to continue to be used. The battery cell can be a lithium-ion battery, a sodium-ion battery, a sodium-lithium-ion battery, a lithium-metal battery, a sodium-metal battery, a lithium-sulfur battery, a magnesium-ion battery, a nickel-metal hydride battery, a nickel-cadmium battery, a lead-acid battery, etc., and the embodiments of the present disclosure do not limit this.

[0064] In the embodiments of the present utility model, the battery can also be a single physical module including one or more battery cells to provide a higher voltage and capacity. When there are multiple battery cells, the multiple battery cells are connected in series, parallel, or in a hybrid connection through a busbar component.

[0065] The photovoltaic cell lamination technology is a process of dividing different materials into predetermined sizes, and then laminating multiple layers of materials in parallel in sequence to form a photovoltaic cell that can be encapsulated. For example, the crystalline silicon-perovskite laminated photovoltaic cell is a structure in which a crystalline silicon photovoltaic cell and a perovskite photovoltaic cell are stacked together. Since the crystalline silicon photovoltaic cell can absorb a part of the visible light spectrum, and the perovskite photovoltaic cell can absorb the visible light and infrared spectra, therefore, by stacking the two photovoltaic cell layers together, it is possible to make more full use of each band of the solar spectrum, achieve spectral complementarity, and also make full use of the electron transport, so that this laminated photovoltaic cell has a high photoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0066] However, since each photovoltaic cell layer in the crystalline silicon-perovskite laminated photovoltaic cell is made of different materials, when performing photoelectric conversion on light of different bands, the voltages and currents output by the crystalline silicon layer and the perovskite layer are mismatched, so that the optimal operating points of different photovoltaic cell layers in the laminated photovoltaic cell are different, which affects the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the laminated photovoltaic cell.

[0067] At present, when manufacturing a crystalline silicon-perovskite tandem photovoltaic cell, initial electrical parameter matching is generally carried out to make the voltages and currents output by the crystalline silicon layer and the perovskite layer basically the same. However, during the use of the tandem photovoltaic cell, due to the influence of reasons such as irradiation, temperature, shading conditions, and attenuation rate, the power generation conditions of the crystalline silicon layer and the perovskite layer may change. In the related technologies, the matching problem of the inconsistent voltages and currents between the crystalline silicon layer and the perovskite layer in this situation is not considered, so that when the tandem photovoltaic cell is used, it cannot be simply connected in series or parallel. Moreover, the current-voltage characteristics of the perovskite layer are very different from those of the crystalline silicon layer, which are characterized by high voltage and low current. This makes it easy for the photovoltaic busbar cable to not fully utilize the maximum current-carrying capacity (generally 4mm 2 copper cable, the upper limit of the current-carrying capacity is 30A) if different photovoltaic cell layers are not connected in parallel, which is not conducive to reducing the cost of the crystalline silicon-perovskite tandem photovoltaic cell.

[0068] Multiple crystalline silicon-perovskite tandem photovoltaic cells connected in series can form a string of photovoltaic cell strings. In the current photovoltaic system, a connector, such as a Y-shaped connector or a multi-way connector, is used to realize the parallel connection between different photovoltaic cell strings and then converge to an inverter. Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the composition structure of a photovoltaic connector. As Figure 1 shown, the Y-shaped connector includes a first input interface 101 and a second input interface 102, which are respectively used to connect the input voltages of different photovoltaic cell strings. After the input voltages of different photovoltaic cell strings are connected in parallel, the input is output to the inverter through the first output interface 103. However, Figure 1 this kind of connector only simply connects the voltages output by different photovoltaic strings in parallel and cannot solve the problem of electrical parameter mismatch between different battery layers.

[0069] To solve the above technical problems, the present utility model provides a multi-way connector and a power generation system. A power adjustment circuit including a voltage conversion module is provided in the multi-way connector. By integrating the power adjustment circuit in the multi-way connector, not only the application range of the multi-way connector is broadened, but also the output voltage of a target string whose output voltage is outside the target voltage range in the photovoltaic string can be converted to make the output voltages of different target strings in the photovoltaic string consistent, so that all target strings can be uniformly output, solving the problem of parameter mismatch between different target strings, and further improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency and power generation output of the photovoltaic string.

[0070] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the composition structure of a power generation unit, a stacked component, a photovoltaic string, and a photovoltaic sub-string provided by an embodiment of the present utility model. Please refer to Figure 2 for an explanation of the referential meaning of the battery concepts involved in the present utility model:

[0071] (1) Power generation unit

[0072] The power generation unit refers to the basic unit that can realize the mutual conversion between other forms of energy and electric energy. For example, the sub-cell (realized by P1, P2, and P3 grooved lines during the manufacturing process to achieve separation and series-parallel connection) composed of a bottom electrode, a semiconductor layer, and a top electrode in a thin-film battery (such as a perovskite battery), or the cell in a non-thin-film battery (such as a crystalline silicon battery). Generally, the power generation unit does not have independent positive and negative electrode leads, but forms a power generation unit after series-parallel connection ( Figure 2 only shown by taking the all-series structure of the sub-cells of the perovskite battery as an example, but does not constitute a relevant limitation), and then the independent positive and negative electrodes are led out.

[0073] (2) Power generation unit

[0074] Please refer to Figure 2 , the power generation unit refers to the smallest unit with independent positive and negative electrode wiring leads, formed by series-parallel connection of multiple power generation units, and the specific series-parallel connection method is not limited.

[0075] (3) Stacked component

[0076] Please refer to Figure 2 , multiple power generation units are stacked to form a stacked component. Figure 2 Only shown by stacking 2 power generation units, but the number of stacked power generation units in the stacked component is not limited. In addition, in this embodiment, the output ends of the stacked power generation units are respectively led out with positive and negative electrodes. When the stacked component includes two power generation units, each stacked component leads out 4 output terminals (that is, two positive output terminals and two negative output terminals).

[0077] (4) Photovoltaic string

[0078] Please refer to Figure 2 , multiple stacked components are connected in series to form a photovoltaic string.

[0079] (5) Photovoltaic sub-string

[0080] Please refer to Figure 2 , after multiple power generation units in the same photovoltaic string are connected in series in sequence, a set of independent positive and negative wiring is led out, which is called a photovoltaic sub-string. Among them, the photovoltaic string can be composed of multiple power generation units of the same material connected in series, or the power generation units with the output voltage in the preset voltage range in the ideal state are connected in series. Figure 2 Only shown by taking multiple first power generation units connected in series to form a photovoltaic sub-string as an example, but does not constitute a relevant limitation.

[0081] (6) Target string

[0082] Photovoltaic sub-strings from different photovoltaic strings with output voltages within a preset range are connected in parallel to form a target string. Among them, the photovoltaic sub-strings can be connected in parallel through a busbar assembly, and independent positive and negative wiring leads are drawn. Exemplarily, Figure 2 After the photovoltaic sub-string A and the photovoltaic sub-string B are connected in parallel and flow into the busbar assembly, the formed string can be called a target string.

[0083] The following further describes the present invention in detail through the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0084] In an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a power generation system provided by an embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 As Figure 3 shown, the power generation system 2 includes at least two photovoltaic strings, an inverter circuit 23, and a multi-way connector 22 in the following embodiments.

[0085] Among them, at least two input ends of the multi-way connector 22 are connected to at least two photovoltaic strings, and the output end of the multi-way connector 22 is connected to the inverter circuit 23.

[0086] In an embodiment of the present invention, each photovoltaic string may include at least two photovoltaic sub-strings, and the photovoltaic sub-strings with output voltages within a preset voltage range in at least two photovoltaic strings are connected in parallel to obtain at least two target strings.

[0087] In an embodiment of the present invention, the multi-way connector 22 can be used to convert the output voltage of the string to be processed so that the output voltages of the target strings are all within the target voltage range, and output the output voltages of the target strings to the inverter circuit 23; among them, the string to be processed is one or more target strings with output voltages outside the target voltage range among at least two target strings.

[0088] In an embodiment of the present invention, the inverter circuit 23 can be a converter capable of converting direct current electrical energy into fixed-frequency and fixed-voltage or frequency-modulated and voltage-regulated alternating current. Exemplarily, the inverter circuit 23 can also be called an inverter or a converter.

[0089] In an embodiment of the present utility model, the power generation system 2 may include multiple photovoltaic strings. For example, it may include a first photovoltaic string 21_1, ……, an Nth photovoltaic string 21_2. It can be understood that the number of photovoltaic strings is specifically determined according to user requirements and has a corresponding relationship with the input end of the multi-way connector 22. Further, for each photovoltaic string, it may include at least one stacked component, and at least one stacked component is connected in series. Each stacked component is formed by stacking at least two power generation units. The number of power generation units included in all the stacked components included in the same photovoltaic string is equal. The positions of the power generation units in the stacked component can also be marked in a hierarchical manner, and the power generation units in the same layer may be composed of the same material.

[0090] An embodiment of the present utility model provides a power generation system. A power adjustment circuit including a voltage conversion module is provided in the multi-way connector. By integrating the power adjustment circuit in the multi-way connector, not only the application range of the multi-way connector is broadened, but also the output voltage of the target string whose output voltage is outside the target voltage range in the photovoltaic string can be converted, so that the output voltages of different target strings in the photovoltaic string are consistent, thereby enabling all target strings to output uniformly, solving the problem of parameter mismatch between different target strings, and further improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency and power generation output of the photovoltaic string.

[0091] In another embodiment of the present utility model, Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the composition structure of a power generation system provided by an embodiment of the present utility model Figure 2 As Figure 4 shown, the multi-way connector 22 includes at least two input ends, a power adjustment circuit, and an output end. At least two input ends of the multi-way connector 22 are connected to at least two photovoltaic strings, and the output end of the multi-way connector 22 is connected to the inverter circuit 23.

[0092] Among them, the photovoltaic string includes at least two photovoltaic sub-strings, and the photovoltaic sub-string includes at least one power generation unit connected in series; the photovoltaic sub-strings with output voltages within a preset voltage range in at least two photovoltaic strings are connected in parallel to obtain at least two target strings; where:

[0093] The power adjustment circuit includes at least one voltage conversion module, and at least one voltage conversion module is used to perform voltage conversion on the output voltage of the string to be processed, so that the output voltages of at least two target strings are all within the target voltage range; where the string to be processed is one or more target strings whose output voltages are outside the target voltage range among at least two target strings.

[0094] As Figure 4As shown, the power generation system 2 includes at least two photovoltaic strings. After each photovoltaic string is connected to an input end of the multi-way connector 22, the input voltages of different photovoltaic strings are paralleled by the multi-way connector 22 and then input to the inverter circuit 23.

[0095] Among them, the light-absorbing layers included in different power generation units have different bandgaps. By combining the light-absorbing layers with different bandgaps in the stacked assembly, the existing photovoltaic energy conversion efficiency is improved and the power generation cost is reduced. Further, a plurality of power generation units with the same or similar bandgaps in the light-absorbing layer in the same photovoltaic string are connected in series to form a photovoltaic sub-string.

[0096] Exemplarily, as Figure 4 shown, at least two photovoltaic strings include a first photovoltaic string 21_1 and an Nth photovoltaic string 21_2. Among them, the first photovoltaic string 21_1 includes a first stacked assembly 211, ……, an Mth stacked assembly 212. Among them, the first stacked assembly 211 includes a first power generation unit 2111, ……, a Kth power generation unit 2112, and the Mth stacked assembly 212 includes a first power generation unit 2121, ……, a Kth power generation unit 2122. The Nth photovoltaic string 21_2 includes an Lth stacked assembly 213, ……, a Wth stacked assembly 214. Among them, the Lth stacked assembly 213 includes a first power generation unit 2131, ……, a Kth power generation unit 2132, and the Wth stacked assembly 214 includes a first power generation unit 2141, ……, a Kth power generation unit 2142. Among them, M, N, K, L, and W are all positive integers greater than zero.

[0097] It should be noted that each photovoltaic string is connected to the multi-way connector 22 through an input end. In some optional embodiments, each input end of the multi-way connector 22 may include at least two sub-input ends, and each sub-input end is used to correspondingly connect to each photovoltaic sub-string in each photovoltaic string.

[0098] It should also be noted that the power generation units in different photovoltaic strings can be first connected in series within the photovoltaic string, then paralleled through the multi-way connector 22, and finally output to the inverter circuit 23. Exemplarily, as Figure 4As shown, the first power generation units 2111, ……, 2121 in the first photovoltaic string 21_1 are connected in series in sequence to form a photovoltaic sub-string. The positive and negative connection wires are led out from this photovoltaic sub-string and connected to the multi-way connector 22 to output voltage to the multi-way connector 22. The first power generation units 2131, ……, 2141 in the Nth photovoltaic string 21_2 are connected in series in sequence to form a photovoltaic sub-string. The positive and negative connection wires are led out from this photovoltaic sub-string and connected to the multi-way connector 22 to output voltage to the multi-way connector 22. A photovoltaic sub-string after series connection in the first photovoltaic string 21_1 and a photovoltaic sub-string after series connection in the Nth photovoltaic string 21_2 are connected in parallel at the corresponding input ends of the multi-way connector 22, and then are output to the inverter circuit 23 through the output end of the multi-way connector 22.

[0099] It should be noted that the preset voltage range may refer to the output voltage of the photovoltaic sub-string under ideal conditions, with a fluctuation of 0% - 10% up and down. After calculating the upper and lower thresholds, a range is formed. The power generation units with the same material in multiple photovoltaic strings or the output voltages of which are in the same preset voltage range under ideal conditions can be connected in series to form a photovoltaic sub-string. Further, the photovoltaic sub-strings with the same material or the output voltages of which are in the same preset voltage range in multiple photovoltaic sub-strings can be connected in parallel to form a target string. Among them, since the materials of multiple power generation units in the laminated component may be different and the output voltages are also different, therefore, multiple preset voltage ranges can be set, and the multiple preset voltage ranges respectively correspond to the ranges where the output voltages of power generation units with different materials are concentrated.

[0100] In the embodiment of the present utility model, before outputting the output voltage after parallel connection of the photovoltaic sub-strings to the inverter circuit 23, when the multi-way connector 22 receives the voltages input through different input ends of different photovoltaic sub-strings of different photovoltaic strings, it can determine at least one of the multiple target strings in the photovoltaic string as the string to be processed based on the circuit structure of the multi-way connector 22 and its connection with the photovoltaic string, and convert the output voltage of the string to be processed into a target voltage. After being connected in parallel with the target voltages output by other layers of photovoltaic sub-strings, it is output to the inverter circuit 23.

[0101] Among them, for the laminated component with K power generation units as described above, each pair of series-connected photovoltaic strings corresponds to K photovoltaic sub-strings. After parallel connection, it can include K target strings. The string to be processed can be any one or any number of target strings among the 1 to K target strings whose output voltages are not within the target voltage range.

[0102] In the embodiment of the present utility model, the target voltage range may refer to the range formed by calculating the upper and lower thresholds when the output voltage of one of at least two target strings fluctuates by 0%-10% up and down. In this case, the other target strings will be used as the strings to be processed for voltage conversion. Alternatively, it may also be a preset target voltage range. When the output voltages of at least two target strings are not within this target voltage range, the output voltages of the two target strings can be used as the strings to be processed.

[0103] It should be noted that in some alternative embodiments, one input end of the multi-way connector 22 connected to each photovoltaic string may include at least one sub-input end. The number of sub-input ends is the same as the number of power generation units included in the stacked components in this photovoltaic string. The power generation units are stacked in the stacked components and their positions are marked by battery layers. After the output voltages of different photovoltaic sub-strings are respectively connected to the multi-way connector 22, the multi-way connector 22 will connect the photovoltaic sub-strings within the same preset voltage range in parallel to obtain the target string corresponding to the battery layer where the power generation unit is located. Then, the multi-way connector 22 will further perform voltage conversion on the output voltages of the target strings corresponding to different layers respectively and connect them in parallel, and output them to the inverter circuit 23.

[0104] As described above, the materials of different battery layers in the photovoltaic module are different, and the output voltages and output currents may also be different. In the embodiment of the present utility model, at least one voltage conversion module is provided in the power adjustment circuit. Each voltage conversion module can adjust the output voltage of a certain target string, that is, the string to be processed, and adjust the output voltage of this target string within the target voltage range.

[0105] It should be noted that as described above, after the target voltage range is determined, one or more target strings whose output voltages are not within the target voltage range among at least two target strings can be used as the strings to be processed. Based on the comparison between the output voltages of one or more strings to be processed and the target voltage range, each string to be processed is respectively connected to different voltage conversion modules, and the voltage conversion modules will adjust their output voltages within the target voltage range. Exemplarily, if the output voltage of the string to be processed is higher than the upper limit value of the target voltage range, the voltage conversion module connected to this string to be processed can step down its output voltage to within the target voltage range; or, if the output voltage of the string to be processed is lower than the lower limit value of the target voltage range, the voltage conversion module connected to this string to be processed can step up the output voltage to within the target voltage range.

[0106] An embodiment of the present utility model provides a multi-way connector. A power adjustment circuit including a voltage conversion module is provided in the multi-way connector. By integrating the power adjustment circuit in the multi-way connector, not only the application range of the multi-way connector is broadened, but also the output voltage of a target string in a photovoltaic string whose output voltage is outside the target voltage range can be converted, so that the output voltages of different target strings in the photovoltaic string are consistent, thereby enabling all target strings to output uniformly, solving the problem of parameter mismatch between different target strings, and further improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency and power generation output of the photovoltaic string.

[0107] In another embodiment of the present utility model, Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the composition structure of a power generation system provided by an embodiment of the present utility model Figure 3 . As Figure 5 shown, the multi-way connector further includes at least two busbar components, and the busbar components are used to connect in parallel the photovoltaic sub-strings in at least two photovoltaic strings whose output voltages are within a preset voltage range; wherein:

[0108] The input ends of the busbar components are respectively connected to the photovoltaic sub-strings in at least two photovoltaic strings whose output voltages are within a preset voltage range, and the output ends of the busbar components are connected to the input end of the power adjustment circuit.

[0109] In the embodiment of the present utility model, the busbar component can be a wire or a rail directly connected in parallel at the output ends of the power generation units in the same battery layer of the laminated components belonging to different photovoltaic components, so as to realize the centralized management of different photovoltaic strings. Exemplarily, the busbar component can be a parallel busbar.

[0110] In this way, the power generation units in the same battery layer in multiple laminated components are respectively connected in series to form photovoltaic sub-strings, and the photovoltaic sub-strings in different photovoltaic strings whose output voltages are within a preset voltage range are all connected to the same busbar component. After being connected in parallel by the busbar component, they are output to the power adjustment circuit. It should be noted that the number of busbar components has a corresponding relationship with the number of photovoltaic sub-strings included in the photovoltaic string.

[0111] In this way, the multi-way connector further includes at least one busbar component, and each busbar component can connect in parallel the photovoltaic sub-strings in at least two photovoltaic strings whose output voltages are within a preset voltage range, so that the number of photovoltaic strings can be arbitrarily increased, thereby increasing the output power.

[0112] In some embodiments, continue to refer to Figure 5 , at least two busbar components include a first busbar component and a second busbar component, wherein:

[0113] The first busbar component 222 is used to connect in parallel the photovoltaic sub-strings with output voltages within the first preset voltage range in at least two photovoltaic strings; the second busbar component 223 is used to connect in parallel the photovoltaic sub-strings with output voltages within the second preset voltage range in at least two photovoltaic strings.

[0114] Exemplarily, for a crystalline silicon-perovskite tandem component, the upper power generation unit is perovskite and the lower power generation unit is crystalline silicon. Then the first preset voltage range can be the output voltage of the perovskite power generation unit, with a ±0%-10% fluctuation under normal and the same external environment, and the voltage range formed after calculating the upper and lower thresholds; the second preset voltage range can be the output voltage of the crystalline silicon power generation unit, with a ±0%-10% fluctuation under normal and the same external environment, and the voltage range formed after calculating the upper and lower thresholds.

[0115] In this way, the multi-way connector includes the first busbar component and the second busbar component, which respectively connect in parallel the photovoltaic sub-strings within the first preset voltage range and the second preset voltage range. In this way, the number of photovoltaic strings can be arbitrarily increased, thereby increasing the output electric energy.

[0116] In some embodiments, continue to refer to Figure 5 , the photovoltaic string includes a first photovoltaic sub-string and a second photovoltaic sub-string, and the first photovoltaic sub-string includes at least one first power generation unit connected in series, the second photovoltaic sub-string includes at least one second power generation unit connected in series, and the first power generation unit and the second power generation unit have different bandgaps; wherein:

[0117] The input ends of the first busbar component are respectively connected to the first photovoltaic sub-strings in at least two photovoltaic strings, and the output end of the first busbar component is connected to the input end of the inverter circuit.

[0118] The input ends of the second busbar component are respectively connected to the second photovoltaic sub-strings in at least two photovoltaic strings, and the output end of the second busbar component is connected to the input end of the inverter circuit.

[0119] In the embodiments of the present utility model and the following embodiments, it is exemplified that each lamination component includes a double-layer lamination power generation unit. Among them, the first power generation unit, that is, the upper-layer power generation unit (front side, light-facing side) is a transparent power generation unit, and the second power generation unit, that is, the lower-layer power generation unit, can be a transparent component or an opaque unit, a single-sided unit or a double-sided unit. There are no restrictions on the specific design, type, and structure of the upper and lower power generation units. In addition, the upper and lower power generation units are encapsulated between the upper and lower surfaces, the upper surface is a light-transmitting surface, and the lower surface is a light-transmitting surface or an opaque surface. A transparent insulating material layer is provided between the upper and lower power generation units, which can be a glue film, glass, or other materials. The lamination component needs to be encapsulated, and the encapsulation form is not limited. The lamination component can be assembled or not assembled with a frame. The positive and negative terminal wires of the upper and lower power generation units are respectively led out, and the leading-out method is not limited, and the leading-out position is not limited. Exemplarily, taking the first power generation unit as a perovskite power generation unit and the second power generation unit as a crystalline silicon power generation unit, and taking the photovoltaic multi-way connector 22 including two input ends, that is, a three-way (Y-shaped) connector as an example, the multi-way connector 22 of the present utility model will be introduced in detail.

[0120] As Figure 5 shown, each path in at least two photovoltaic strings includes at least one lamination component. In some optional embodiments, each lamination component may include a first power generation unit and a second power generation unit. Connect the output end of the first power generation unit of the last lamination component in each path of the photovoltaic string to the first busbar component 222, that is, connect to the output end of a plurality of first photovoltaic sub-strings formed by connecting the first power generation units in series. After the first busbar component 222 parallelizes the output voltages of each path of the first photovoltaic sub-strings, the output voltage of the first target string is output; connect the output end of the second power generation unit of the last lamination component in each path of the photovoltaic string to the second busbar component 223, that is, connect to the output end of a plurality of second photovoltaic sub-strings formed by connecting the second power generation units in series. After the second busbar component 223 parallelizes the output voltages of each path of the second photovoltaic sub-strings, the output voltage of the second target string is output. Exemplarily, the first power generation units 2111,..., 2121 in the first photovoltaic string 21_1 are connected in series in sequence to form a first photovoltaic sub-string, connect the output end of the first photovoltaic sub-string to the input end of the first busbar component 222. The first power generation units 2131,..., 2141 in the Nth photovoltaic string 21_2 are connected in series in sequence to form another path of the first photovoltaic sub-string, and connect the output end of this path of the first photovoltaic sub-string to the input end of the first busbar component 222 as well. After the first busbar component 222 parallelizes the output voltages of the first photovoltaic sub-strings in the first photovoltaic string 21_1 to the Nth photovoltaic string 21_2, it is used as the output voltage of the first target string.

[0121] It can be understood that the connection manner of the first photovoltaic string 21_1 to the Nth photovoltaic string 21_2 to the second busbar assembly 223 can refer to the connection manner of the first photovoltaic string 21_1 to the Nth photovoltaic string 21_2 to the first busbar assembly 222 described above.

[0122] An embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-way connector. The multi-way connector further includes a first busbar assembly and a second busbar assembly, and can parallelly aggregate the output voltages of corresponding photovoltaic sub-strings and input them into a power adjustment circuit for voltage conversion. In this way, the power adjustment circuit can adjust the output voltages of multiple photovoltaic strings simultaneously, increasing the number of photovoltaic strings that can be connected and increasing the output electric energy.

[0123] In another embodiment of the present invention, Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the composition structure of a power generation system provided by an embodiment of the present invention Figure 4 . As Figure 6 shown, at least one voltage conversion module includes a first voltage conversion module 2212.

[0124] Among them, the output end of the first busbar assembly 222 is connected to the input end of the first voltage conversion module 2212, the output end of the second busbar assembly 223 is connected to the output end of the first voltage conversion module 2212, and the output end of the first voltage conversion module 2212 is further connected to the input end of the inverter circuit 23.

[0125] In the embodiment of the present invention, the first voltage conversion module 2212 can be a circuit for adjusting the output voltage of the first target string to a target voltage range. Exemplarily, based on the structure that the foregoing photovoltaic string includes a first power generation unit and a second power generation unit, an example is given where the first target string unit is formed by series connection of perovskite power generation units and the second target string is formed by series connection of crystalline silicon power generation units. It should be noted that due to the material properties, the output voltage of the perovskite power generation unit is generally higher than that of the crystalline silicon power generation unit. If the target voltage range is determined based on the output voltage of the target string formed by series connection of crystalline silicon power generation units, the first voltage conversion module 2212 can be a buck circuit, which can reduce the output voltage of the first target string to the target voltage range corresponding to the second target string through direct current-to-direct current (DC-to-DC) voltage conversion.

[0126] It should be noted that if the first voltage conversion module 2212 is a circuit for buck conversion of the first target string, for the second target string, the output voltages of multiple second photovoltaic sub-strings can be directly paralleled through the second busbar assembly 223 and then directly output to the inverter circuit 23 via the power adjustment circuit.

[0127] It should be noted that the output voltage of the power adjustment circuit is the output voltage of the second target string, which is within the target voltage range, and the output current of the power adjustment circuit is the sum of the output currents of all photovoltaic sub-strings.

[0128] In some embodiments, Figure 7 The following is a schematic diagram of the composition structure of a power generation system provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 As Figure 7 shown, the multi-pass connector 22 further includes a first switch module 2213.

[0129] Among them, the output end of the second busbar assembly 223 is connected to the input end of the first switch module 2213, the output end of the first voltage conversion module 2212 is connected to the output end of the first switch module 2213, and the output end of the first voltage conversion module 2212 is also connected to the input end of the inverter circuit 23.

[0130] In the embodiment of the present invention, the first switch module 2213 can be connected between the second busbar assembly 223 and the power adjustment circuit, and is used to control whether the output voltage of the second target string is input to the power adjustment circuit and the subsequent connected inverter circuit 23 based on the conduction or cutoff of the switch module.

[0131] It should be noted that an embodiment of the present invention can also be provided with a controller for controlling the conduction or cutoff of the first switch module 2213 based on electrical parameters such as the output voltage and output current of the first target string and the second target string.

[0132] It should also be noted that a switch module can also be connected between the first voltage conversion module 2212 and the first busbar assembly 222, for controlling whether the output voltage of the first target string is input to the first voltage conversion module 2212 and the subsequent connected inverter circuit 23.

[0133] The embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-pass connector. By connecting the output end of the first busbar assembly to the first voltage conversion module and the output end of the second busbar assembly to the first switch module, the output voltage of the first target string can be adjusted to the target voltage range corresponding to the second target string, thereby solving the problem of output voltage mismatch of different target strings and improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency and the output efficiency of the battery string.

[0134] In another embodiment of the present invention, Figure 8 The following is a schematic diagram of the composition structure of a power generation system provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 As Figure 8 shown, at least one voltage conversion module includes a second voltage conversion module 2214.

[0135] Among them, the output end of the second busbar assembly 223 is connected to the input end of the second voltage conversion module 2214, the output end of the first busbar assembly 222 is connected to the output end of the second voltage conversion module 2214, and the output end of the second voltage conversion module 2214 is further connected to the input end of the inverter circuit 23.

[0136] In the embodiment of the present invention, the second voltage conversion module 2214 may be a circuit for adjusting the output voltage of the second target string to within a target voltage range. Exemplarily, based on the structure that the aforementioned stacked string includes a first power generation unit and a second power generation unit, taking the first target string composed of perovskite power generation units and the second target string composed of crystalline silicon power generation units as an example, due to the material properties, the output voltage of the perovskite power generation unit is generally higher than that of the crystalline silicon power generation unit. If the target voltage range is determined based on the output voltage of the perovskite power generation unit, the second voltage conversion module 2214 may be a boost circuit, which can increase the output voltage of the second target string to within the target voltage range corresponding to the first target string through DC-DC voltage conversion.

[0137] It should be noted that for the first target string, the output voltages of multiple first photovoltaic sub-strings in different photovoltaic strings can be directly paralleled through the first busbar assembly 222 and then directly output to the inverter circuit 23 via the power adjustment circuit.

[0138] It should be noted that the output voltage of the power adjustment circuit is the output voltage of the first target string and is within the target voltage range, and the output current of the power adjustment circuit is the sum of the output currents of each photovoltaic sub-string.

[0139] In some embodiments, Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the composition structure of a power generation system provided by an embodiment of the present invention Figure 7 . As Figure 9 shown, the multi-way connector 22 further includes a second switch module 2215.

[0140] Among them, the output end of the first busbar assembly 222 is connected to the input end of the second switch module 2215, the output end of the second voltage conversion module 2214 is connected to the output end of the second switch module 2215, and the output end of the second voltage conversion module 2214 is further connected to the input end of the inverter circuit 23.

[0141] In the embodiment of the present invention, the second switch module 2215 may be connected between the first busbar assembly 222 and the power adjustment circuit, and is used to control whether the output voltage of the first target string is input to the power adjustment circuit and the subsequent connected inverter circuit 23 based on the on or off of the switch module.

[0142] It should be noted that, as described above, a controller may also be provided in the embodiment of the present utility model to control the conduction or cutoff of the second switch module 2215 based on electrical parameters such as the output voltage and output current of the first target string and the second target string.

[0143] It should also be noted that a switch module may be connected between the second voltage conversion module 2214 and the second busbar assembly 223 to control whether the output voltage of the second target string is input to the second voltage conversion module 2214 and the subsequent connected inverter circuit 23.

[0144] The embodiment of the present utility model provides a multi-way connector. By connecting the output end of the first busbar assembly to the second switch module and the output end of the second busbar assembly to the second voltage conversion module, the output voltage of the second target string can be adjusted to be the same as the target voltage output by the first target string, thereby solving the problem of output voltage mismatch of different target strings and improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency and the output efficiency of the photovoltaic string.

[0145] In another embodiment of the present utility model, Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the composition structure of a power generation system provided by the embodiment of the present utility model Figure 8 . As Figure 10 shown, at least one voltage conversion module includes a first voltage conversion module 2212 and a second voltage conversion module 2214.

[0146] Among them, the output end of the first busbar assembly 222 is connected to the input end of the first voltage conversion module 2212, the output end of the second busbar assembly 223 is connected to the input end of the second voltage conversion module 2214, the output end of the first voltage conversion module 2212 is connected to the output end of the second voltage conversion module 2214, and the output end of the first voltage conversion module 2212 is also connected to the input end of the inverter circuit 23.

[0147] As described above, the first voltage conversion module 2212 can be a circuit for adjusting the output voltage of the first target string to within the target voltage range; the second voltage conversion module 2214 can be a circuit for adjusting the output voltage of the second target string to within the target voltage range. Exemplarily, based on the structure that the foregoing photovoltaic string includes a first power generation unit and a second power generation unit, take the first target string being composed of perovskite power generation units and the second target string being composed of crystalline silicon power generation units as an example. Due to the material properties, the output voltage of the perovskite layer power generation unit is generally higher than that of the crystalline silicon layer power generation unit. Therefore, a voltage value can be determined within the voltage range between the output voltage of the perovskite layer power generation unit and the output voltage of the crystalline silicon layer power generation unit as the target voltage. In this way, the first voltage conversion module 2212 can be a buck circuit, which can reduce the output voltage of the first target string to within the target voltage range through DC-DC voltage conversion; the second voltage conversion module 2214 can be a boost circuit, which can increase the output voltage of the second target string to within the target voltage range through DC-DC voltage conversion, and further parallel the adjusted output voltages corresponding to these two target strings and output them uniformly, and output them to the inverter circuit 23 through the output end of the multi-way connector 22.

[0148] It should be noted that the output voltage of the power adjustment circuit is within the target voltage range, and the output current of the power adjustment circuit is the sum of the output currents of each photovoltaic sub-string.

[0149] The embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-way connector. By connecting the output end of the first busbar assembly to the first voltage conversion module and the output end of the second busbar assembly to the second voltage conversion module, the output voltages of the second target string and the first target string can both be adjusted to within the target voltage range, so that the output voltages of the two target strings can be directly paralleled, solving the problem of output voltage mismatch of different target strings, and improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency and the output efficiency of the photovoltaic string.

[0150] In another embodiment of the present invention, Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the composition structure of a power generation system provided by the embodiment of the present invention Figure 9 . As Figure 11 shown, the first voltage conversion module 2212 includes a first switching tube VT1, a first diode D1, a first inductor L1, and a first capacitor C1.

[0151] Among them, the positive output terminal of the first busbar assembly 222 is connected to the first end of the first switching transistor VT1. The second end of the first switching transistor VT1 is respectively connected to the first end of the first diode D1 and the first end of the first inductor L1. The second end of the first inductor L1 is respectively connected to the first end of the first capacitor C1, the positive output terminal of the second busbar assembly 222, and the positive input terminal of the inverter circuit 23.

[0152] The negative output terminal of the first busbar assembly 222 is respectively connected to the second end of the first diode D1, the second end of the first capacitor C1, the negative output terminal of the second busbar assembly 222, and the negative input terminal of the inverter circuit 23.

[0153] In the embodiment of the present utility model, as Figure 11 shown, exemplarily, taking the first target string being composed of power generation units of a perovskite layer and the second target string being composed of power generation units of a crystalline silicon layer as an example for illustration. Since the output voltage of the power generation units of the perovskite layer is higher than that of the power generation units of the crystalline silicon layer, a buck circuit composed of the first switching transistor VT1, the first diode D1, the first inductor L1, and the first capacitor C1 is formed. The amplitude of the voltage after bucking is determined by controlling the ratio of the on-time to the off-time (i.e., the duty cycle) of the first switching transistor VT1, so that the output voltage of the first target string is reduced to the target voltage range corresponding to the output voltage of the second target string. Then, the positive electrode of the output voltage of the first target string after reduction adjustment and the positive electrode of the output voltage of the second target string are directly connected in parallel through the third positive electrode connector 2241. After the negative electrode of the output voltage of the first target string after bucking adjustment and the negative electrode of the output voltage of the second target string are directly connected in parallel, they are output to the inverter 23.

[0154] Among them, the first switching transistor VT1 can be a triode. Exemplarily, such as a Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor (MOSFET), an Insulate-Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT), etc.

[0155] Exemplarily, when the first switching transistor VT1 is in the conducting state, the input voltage flows through the first inductor L1, converts the current passing through the magnetic field at the center core of the first inductor L1 into magnetic energy, and stores the magnetic energy in the first inductor L1. At this time, the first diode D1 is in the cut-off state; when the first switching transistor VT1 is in the off state, the current flowing through the first inductor L1 decreases, and the inductor will generate an induced electromotive force to hinder the decrease of the current. At this time, the first diode D1 conducts, and the current passes through the first capacitor C1 and then through the first diode D1 to form a loop. The first inductor L1 and the first capacitor C1 jointly supply the output voltage signal of the inverter circuit 23. In this way, by controlling the conduction and cut-off of the first switching transistor VT1, the energy storage and energy release of the first inductor L1 can be controlled, so as to realize the step-down adjustment of the output voltage of the first target string.

[0156] In some embodiments, with continued reference to Figure 11 , the first switching module 2213 includes a first switch SA1 and a first anti-reverse module, where:

[0157] The first end of the first switch SA1 is connected to the positive output terminal of the second busbar assembly 223, the second end of the first switch SA1 is connected to the first end of the first anti-reverse module, and the second end of the first anti-reverse module is respectively connected to the positive output terminal of the first voltage conversion module 2212 and the positive input terminal of the inverter circuit 23; the negative output terminal of the second busbar assembly 223 is respectively connected to the negative output terminal of the first voltage conversion module 2212 and the negative input terminal of the inverter circuit 23.

[0158] It should be noted that the first anti-reverse module can be a device for preventing the current from flowing back from the inverter 23 to the photovoltaic string. Exemplarily, it can be a diode, a thyristor, an IGBT, a triode, etc.

[0159] Figure 11 Taking the first anti-reverse module as the third diode D3 as an example, in the embodiment of the present invention, the first switching module 2213 can be connected in series between the output terminal of the second target string and the inverter circuit 23. The first switching module 2213 includes a first switch SA1 and a third diode D3. Among them, the first switch SA1 can be an intelligent switch and is selectively turned off based on the control of the aforementioned controller; the third diode D3 realizes the intelligent turn-off and anti-reverse functions of the first switching module 2213.

[0160] Exemplarily, when the output voltage of the second target string is abnormal, the controller controls the first switch SA1 to open. In some alternative embodiments, when the output voltage of the second target string is abnormal, the controller may not control the first switch SA1 to close, but instead adjust to the current tracking mode, and adjust the output current of the first target string and the output current of the second target string to the target current, so that the output currents of all target strings are kept consistent and then output, where the target current may be a certain constant reference value.

[0161] An embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-way connector. The output voltage of the first target string is step-down adjusted by the first voltage conversion module, and the output voltage of the second target string is controlled by the first switch module, so that the output voltages of the two target strings can be directly paralleled, solving the problem of output voltage mismatch of different target strings and improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency and the output efficiency of the battery string.

[0162] In another embodiment of the present invention, Figure 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a power generation system provided by an embodiment of the present invention Figure 10 . As Figure 12 shown, the second voltage conversion module 2214 includes a second inductor L2, a second switch tube VT2, a second diode D2, and a second capacitor C2.

[0163] Among them, the positive output terminal of the second busbar assembly 223 is connected to the first end of the second inductor L2, the second end of the second inductor L2 is respectively connected to the first end of the second switch tube VT2 and the first end of the second diode D2, and the second end of the second diode D2 is respectively connected to the first end of the second capacitor C2, the positive output terminal of the first busbar assembly 222, and the positive input terminal of the inverter circuit 23.

[0164] The negative output terminal of the second busbar assembly 223 is respectively connected to the second end of the second switch tube VT2, the second end of the second capacitor C2, the negative output terminal of the second busbar assembly 223, and the negative input terminal of the inverter circuit 23.

[0165] In the embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 12As shown, by way of example, it is described taking the case where the first target string is composed of power generation units of a perovskite layer and the second target string is composed of power generation units of a crystalline silicon layer. The positive electrode end of the first target string can be paralleled through the first positive electrode connector 2221 in the first busbar assembly 222, and the negative electrode end of the second target string can be paralleled through the first negative electrode connector 2222 in the first busbar assembly 222; the positive electrode end of the second target string can be paralleled through the second positive electrode connector 2231 in the second busbar assembly 223, and the negative electrode end of the second target string can be paralleled through the second negative electrode connector 2232 in the first busbar assembly 222. Then, via the power adjustment circuit, the voltages output from the positive electrode ends are aggregated through the third positive electrode connector 2241 and input to the inverter circuit 23, and the voltages output from the negative electrode ends are aggregated through the third negative electrode connector 2242 and output to the inverter circuit 23.

[0166] As described above, the first target string can be a string composed of perovskite layer power generation units, and the second target string can be a string composed of crystalline silicon layer power generation units. Since the output voltage of the perovskite layer power generation units is higher than that of the crystalline silicon layer power generation units, the boost circuit composed of the second inductor L2, the second switching tube VT2, the second diode D2, and the second capacitor C2 determines the amplitude of the boosted voltage by controlling the ratio of the on-off time (i.e., the duty cycle) of the second switching tube VT2, so that the output voltage of the second target string is increased to be the same as that of the first target string. Then, the positive electrode of the output voltage of the second target string after the elevation adjustment and the positive electrode of the output voltage of the first target string are directly paralleled through the third positive electrode connector 2241, and the negative electrode of the output voltage of the second target string after the elevation adjustment and the negative electrode of the output voltage of the first target string are directly paralleled through the third negative electrode connector 2242 and then output to the inverter 23.

[0167] Among them, the second switching tube VT2 can be a triode. By way of example, such as MOSFET, IGBT, etc.

[0168] Exemplarily, when the second switching transistor VT2 is in the conducting state, the second inductor L2 is charged, and at the same time, the second capacitor C2 outputs voltage to the inverter circuit 23. The second diode D2 is used to prevent the capacitor from discharging to the ground. Since the input is direct current, the current on the second inductor L2 increases linearly at a certain rate. As the current on the second inductor L2 increases, some energy is stored on the second inductor L2; when the second switching transistor VT2 is in the off state, due to the current holding characteristic of the second inductor L2, the current flowing through the second inductor L2 does not immediately become 0, but slowly changes from the value at the end of charging to 0. And the original circuit has been disconnected, so the second inductor L2 can only discharge through the new circuit, that is, the second inductor L2 starts to charge the second capacitor C2, and the voltage across the second capacitor C2 increases. At this time, the output voltage is already higher than the input voltage. In this way, by controlling the conduction and turn-off of the second switching transistor VT2, the energy storage and release of the second inductor L2 can be controlled, so as to realize the increase adjustment of the output voltage of the second target string.

[0169] In some embodiments, continue to refer to Figure 12 , the second switching module 2215 includes a second switch SA2 and a second anti-reverse module, where:

[0170] The first end of the second switch SA2 is connected to the positive output end of the first busbar assembly 222, the second end of the second switch SA2 is connected to the first end of the second anti-reverse module, and the second end of the second anti-reverse module is respectively connected to the positive output end of the second voltage conversion module 2214 and the positive input end of the inverter circuit 23; the negative output end of the first busbar assembly 222 is respectively connected to the negative output end of the second voltage conversion module 2214 and the negative input end of the inverter circuit 23.

[0171] It should be noted that the second anti-reverse module can be a device for preventing current from flowing back from the inverter 23 to the photovoltaic string. Exemplarily, it can be a diode, a thyristor, an IGBT, a triode, etc.

[0172] In the embodiment of the present invention, a second switching module 2215 can be connected in series between the first target string and the inverter circuit 23. The second switching module 2215 includes a second switch SA2 and a fourth diode D4. Among them, the second switch SA2 can be an intelligent switch, and is selectively turned off based on the control of the foregoing controller; the fourth diode D4 can be an anti-reverse diode or a triode, such as a MOSFTE or an IGBT, so as to realize the intelligent turn-off and anti-reverse functions of the second switching module 2215.

[0173] Exemplarily, when the output voltage of the first target string is abnormal, the controller controls the second switch to disconnect. In some alternative embodiments, when the output voltage of the first target string is abnormal, the controller may not control the second switch SA2 to close, but instead adjust to the current tracking mode, adjust the output currents of both the first target string and the second target string to the target current, and output after making the output currents of all photovoltaic strings consistent, where the target current may be a certain constant reference value.

[0174] The embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-pass connector, which boosts and adjusts the output voltage of the second target string through the second voltage conversion module, and controls the output voltage of the first target string through the second switch module, so that the output voltages of the two layers of target strings can be directly paralleled, solving the problem of output voltage mismatch of different target strings and improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency and the output efficiency of the photovoltaic string.

[0175] In another embodiment of the present invention, Figure 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a composition of a power generation system provided by an embodiment of the present invention Figure 10 One. As Figure 13 shown, the multi-pass connector 22 further includes a power tracking module 225.

[0176] Among them, the power tracking module 225 is used to generate a pulse modulation signal based on the output voltage of the string to be processed and the target voltage range, and send the pulse modulation signal to at least one voltage conversion module.

[0177] Among them, the pulse modulation signal is used to control the voltage conversion module to perform voltage conversion on the output voltage of the string to be processed.

[0178] In the embodiment of the present invention, the power tracking module 225 may be a Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) solar controller, which can determine the maximum power point of the corresponding target string, that is, the maximum value of the product of the output voltage and output current of the corresponding target string, so as to optimize the power output of the target string.

[0179] As Figure 13As shown, exemplarily, in the embodiment of the present invention, a case where the first target string is a string composed of power generation units of a perovskite layer and the second target string is a string composed of power generation units of a crystalline silicon layer is taken as an example for illustration. When the power tracking module 225 is connected between the second voltage conversion module 2214 and the output end of the second target string, the second target string can be used as the string to be processed, and based on the target voltage, the output voltage and output current of the second target string, through the MPPT algorithm calculation, a pulse modulation signal is generated and output to the second voltage conversion module 2214. Among them, the pulse modulation signal can be a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) signal. It should be noted that the pulse modulation signal can be sent to the control end of the second switch tube VT2 in the second voltage conversion module 2214 to control the on or off of the second switch tube VT2.

[0180] Or, based on the foregoing embodiments Figure 11 , when the power tracking module 225 is connected between the first voltage conversion module 2212 and the output end of the first target string, the first target string can be used as the string to be processed, and based on the target voltage, the output voltage and output current of the first target string, through the MPPT algorithm calculation, a pulse modulation signal is generated and output to the first voltage conversion module 2212. Among them, the pulse modulation signal can be sent to the control end of the first switch tube VT1 in the first voltage conversion module 2212 to control the on or off of the first switch tube VT1.

[0181] After receiving the pulse modulation signal, the second voltage conversion module 2214 can send the pulse modulation signal to at least one voltage conversion module, so that the voltage conversion module controls the on or off of the second switch tube VT2 according to the pulse modulation signal, thereby controlling the output voltage of the second target string to be increased to within the target voltage range.

[0182] It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present invention, there can be at least one power tracking module 225, which are respectively connected between the second voltage conversion module 2214 and the first target string, and / or connected between the first voltage conversion module 2212 and the first target string.

[0183] The embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-way connector, which controls the amplitude of the increase or decrease adjustment of the output voltage of the target string by the voltage conversion module through the pulse modulation signal output by the power tracking module, so as to realize the optimal adaptation of the output voltages of each target string, reduce the cost, and increase the output of electric energy.

[0184] In another embodiment of the present invention, the multi-way connector 22 may further include a communication module 227 and a collection module 226, where:

[0185] The acquisition module 226 is configured to acquire output parameters of at least two photovoltaic sub-strings in a photovoltaic string, and send the output parameters of at least two photovoltaic sub-strings in the photovoltaic string to the communication module 227.

[0186] The communication module 227 is configured to receive the output parameters of at least two photovoltaic sub-strings in the photovoltaic string and send them to the control module.

[0187] In an alternative embodiment, the acquisition module 226 may be respectively connected to the output ends of each photovoltaic sub-string in the photovoltaic string and the output end of the power adjustment circuit.

[0188] In the embodiment of the present utility model, by way of example, the output parameters may include output voltage, output current, etc. The acquisition module 226 may be a Hall sensor, which is connected to the output ends of each photovoltaic sub-string, the output end of the first voltage conversion module 2212, and the output end of the second voltage conversion module 2214, and is configured to monitor in real time the output voltage and output current of each photovoltaic sub-string, that is, the output electrical parameters of the stacked component, as well as the output voltage and output current of the power adjustment circuit output to the inverter circuit 23, which may include the output voltage and output current adjusted by the first voltage conversion module 2212 or the second voltage conversion module 2214; in some alternative embodiments, based on Figure 7 the embodiment shown, the acquisition module 226 may also be connected to the output end of the first switch module 2213 to monitor in real time the output voltage and output current output to the inverter circuit 23 via the first switch module 2213; in some alternative embodiments, based on Figure 9 the embodiment shown, the acquisition module 226 may also be connected to the output end of the first switch module 2213 to monitor in real time the output voltage and output current output to the inverter circuit 23 via the second switch module 2215.

[0189] It should be noted that the acquisition module 226 may also send the acquired output parameters such as output voltage and output current to the control module, and the control module detects whether the acquired output voltage and output current are abnormal, and when it detects an abnormality, controls the switch module to disconnect in time.

[0190] In the embodiment of the present utility model, the communication module 227 may be a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC), which is configured to receive the output voltage and output current sent by the acquisition module 226, and send these output voltage and output current to a display device in the background or a device for an operator to view, so that the operator can timely understand the output voltage situation of each string of photovoltaic strings in the current power generation system 2.

[0191] It should be noted that the control module can be integrated into the above-mentioned controller. The controller can be set inside the multi-way connector or outside the multi-way connector, which is determined according to actual requirements.

[0192] An embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-way connector, which performs real-time data monitoring and intelligent diagnosis on the output voltage, output current of the photovoltaic string, and the output voltage and output current of the power adjustment circuit through the acquisition module and the communication module, and feeds back anomalies in a timely manner, improving the digital level of the overall system and enhancing safety.

[0193] In another embodiment of the present invention, there is a corresponding relationship between the number of input ends of the multi-way connector, the current-carrying upper limit value of the multi-way connector, and the output current of at least two photovoltaic sub-strings in the photovoltaic string.

[0194] Figure 14 It is a schematic flow chart for determining the number of input ports provided by an embodiment of the present invention. As Figure 14 shown, the number of input ports of the multi-way connector can be calculated with reference to the following step process:

[0195] S301, determine the current-carrying upper limit m according to the photovoltaic special cable model.

[0196] In the embodiment of the present invention, the photovoltaic special cable can be the cable in the multi-way connector that is connected to at least two photovoltaic strings and the cable that connects the multi-way connector to the inverter circuit.

[0197] S302, determine the maximum output current x of the crystalline silicon layer in the laminated photovoltaic string.

[0198] In the embodiment of the present invention, the maximum output current x of the crystalline silicon layer can refer to the output current measured by the second target string corresponding to the crystalline silicon layer in the photovoltaic string under the condition of maximum irradiance. Among them, the crystalline silicon layer can be the aforementioned second power generation unit, and the laminated photovoltaic string can refer to the aforementioned target string.

[0199] S303, determine the maximum output current y of the perovskite layer in the laminated photovoltaic string.

[0200] In the embodiment of the present invention, the maximum output current y of the perovskite layer can refer to the output current measured by the first target string corresponding to the perovskite layer under the condition of maximum irradiance. Among them, the perovskite layer can refer to the first power generation unit.

[0201] S304, determine the maximum output current z of the laminated photovoltaic string = ax + by.

[0202] In the embodiment of the present invention, a and b can be preset coefficients greater than 0.1 and less than 1, which are specifically determined according to the environmental conditions, and normally a + b < 2.

[0203] S305. The number of input ports n of the multi-way connector is n = m / cz.

[0204] In the embodiment of the present utility model, c is a coefficient greater than 1 and less than 2, which is specifically determined according to the environmental conditions.

[0205] In this way, by calculating the ratio (rounding up) of the upper limit of the current-carrying capacity m of the above-mentioned cable to the maximum output current z of the stacked photovoltaic string and the coefficient c, the number of multiple target strings that the multi-way connector can connect can be determined. Based on the corresponding relationship between the number of input ports and the number of strings in the foregoing embodiment, that is, the number of input ports of the multi-way connector can be determined.

[0206] The embodiment of the present utility model provides a multi-way connector, which can determine the number of input ports according to the output current of each target string in the stacked photovoltaic module. In this way, a mathematical calculation method is defined for the selection of the multi-way connector of the stacked module, which helps to select a more reasonable number of input ports.

[0207] In a further embodiment of the present utility model, based on the foregoing Figure 13 shown embodiment, the operation process of the power generation system 2 will be introduced in detail.

[0208] Due to the characteristics of high voltage and low current of the perovskite stacked module, the current mainstream photovoltaic system based on the crystalline silicon technology route does not have a scheme suitable for the access of the perovskite stacked module. Generally, a multi-way connector is used to connect multiple photovoltaic sub-strings in parallel. For the stacked module, due to the mismatch between different battery layers, a power adjustment circuit needs to be added for adjustment.

[0209] As described above, the power generation unit layers in the same layer in the photovoltaic module are connected in series in turn to form a photovoltaic sub-string. The photovoltaic sub-strings of the same battery layer are connected in parallel at the end to form a target string. Among them, at least two target strings with a lower voltage, that is, the second target string, are adjusted by a power adjustment circuit, which can also be called a power optimizer, to adjust the output voltage and output current, and then boost the voltage to be the same as the output voltage of another higher-voltage battery layer, that is, the first target string. Subsequently, the above two target strings are connected in parallel and then connected in parallel and converged at the output end of the multi-way connector 22 and output to the inverter.

[0210] In the embodiment of the present utility model, taking the first target string being composed of power generation units of a perovskite layer, the second target string being composed of power generation units of a crystalline silicon layer, and the multi-way connector 22 being a Y-shaped connector as an example, the output voltage of the first photovoltaic sub-string in the two target strings is relatively high. After parallel connection, it is connected to one input of the Y-shaped connector (when there are more than 2 strings, bus collection can be selected) as the first target string. Inside the Y-shaped connector, this input is connected to one input port of the multi-way connector 22, and this path is connected to a switching module composed of a MOSFET or an intelligent switch and a diode. In cooperation with the input voltage monitoring function, the output voltage reference of the power adjustment circuit, that is, the target voltage range, is determined based on the output voltage of the first target string.

[0211] In the embodiment of the present utility model, the output voltage of the second target sub-string is relatively low. After parallel connection, it is connected to the other input of the Y-shaped connector (when there are more than 2 strings, bus collection can be selected) as the second target string. Inside the Y-shaped connector, this input is connected to the other input port of the power adjustment circuit, and the chopper module connected to this path uses a boost circuit to boost the voltage through DC-DC DC voltage conversion. The amplitude of the boosted voltage is determined by controlling the ratio of the on-off time (i.e., the duty cycle) of the second triode (MOSFET or IGBT can be selected), and the output voltage of the second target string is adjusted to the target voltage range, that is, the output voltage of the crystalline silicon layer is increased to be the same as the input voltage of the perovskite, so that the perovskite layer string and the crystalline silicon layer string can be directly connected in parallel, thereby eliminating the voltage mismatch problem.

[0212] In some embodiments, the chopper module connected to the first target string can be configured with a power tracking module 225, also known as an MPPT module, with an MPPT tracking algorithm built in. By collecting the output current and voltage of the first target string, that is, the perovskite layer, through algorithm calculation, a PWM control signal is output, and finally the voltage conversion module, that is, the DC-DC converter, is controlled, so as to realize the adjustment of the load size and finally realize the maximum power point tracking of the photovoltaic string.

[0213] In this way, after the outputs of the first photovoltaic sub-strings connected in parallel after being adjusted to the same voltage and the outputs of the second photovoltaic sub-strings connected in parallel are connected in parallel again, they are used as one output of the multi-way connector 22 and are directly connected to the inverter 23. The output voltage of the connected-in-parallel strings is equal to the output voltage of the target string corresponding to the perovskite layer, and the current is equal to the sum of the output currents of all target strings, thereby perfectly eliminating the mismatch problem in principle of the stacked strings and at the same time increasing the electric energy connected to the inverter. In this way, it can be better adapted to the existing photovoltaic system and reduce the system cost.

[0214] In some embodiments, a smart switch can be selectively connected in series between the positive electrode of the first target string and the diode for the purpose of selective shutdown. When it is determined that the perovskite layer is abnormal through voltage and current detection, the smart switch disconnects. At this time, the output voltage of the chopping module of the second target string no longer tracks the output voltage of the crystalline silicon layer, but is adjusted to the current tracking mode, and the current amplitude can be set to a certain constant reference value, and the current of the entire string remains consistent.

[0215] In some embodiments, a communication module, namely a PLC communication module, can be configured in the multi-pass connector 22 to monitor data such as voltage and current in real time during the above process and timely feedback abnormal operating conditions.

[0216] In this way, after the tandem perovskite components are connected in series and parallel by the same battery string, several second photovoltaic sub-strings with low voltage are connected in parallel to form a second target string, which is adjusted by the power adjustment circuit to be connected in parallel with the first target string with high voltage, and then jointly output to the inverter. Thereby, it not only improves the input power of the single-channel inverter interface and reduces the cost of the system's Business Operations-based Costing System (BOS); but also solves the mismatch problem between different battery layers of the tandem photovoltaic string, greatly improving the output efficiency of the photovoltaic string; and is also effectively integrated with the current multi-pass connector 22, broadening the application range of the multi-pass connector 22.

[0217] The embodiment of the present invention provides a power generation system. By combining a power optimizer with a multi-pass connector, the parallel output of multiple tandem strings is realized, thereby not only solving the capacity problem of low current that requires multiple parallel connections, but also eliminating the mismatch problem between different battery layers of the tandem components, greatly improving the system efficiency and economy.

[0218] Those of ordinary skill in the art can realize that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in combination with the embodiments disclosed in the present invention can be implemented by electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are executed in a hardware or software manner depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional technicians can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but this implementation should not be considered to exceed the scope of the present invention.

[0219] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the devices and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0220] It should be noted that in the present utility model, the terms "comprising", "including" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising such element.

[0221] The serial numbers of the above embodiments of the present utility model are only for description and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments.

[0222] The methods disclosed in several method embodiments provided by the present utility model can be arbitrarily combined without conflict to obtain new method embodiments.

[0223] The features disclosed in several product embodiments provided by the present utility model can be arbitrarily combined without conflict to obtain new product embodiments.

[0224] The features disclosed in several method or device embodiments provided by the present utility model can be arbitrarily combined without conflict to obtain new method embodiments or device embodiments.

[0225] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A multi-way connector, characterized in that: The multi-channel connector comprises at least two input terminals, a power adjustment circuit and an output terminal, wherein the at least two input terminals of the multi-channel connector are connected to at least two photovoltaic strings, and the output terminal of the multi-channel connector is connected to an inverter circuit; The photovoltaic string comprises at least two photovoltaic sub-strings, and the photovoltaic sub-string comprises at least one power generation unit connected in series; the photovoltaic sub-strings whose output voltages are within a preset voltage range in the at least two photovoltaic strings are connected in parallel to obtain at least two target strings; wherein: The power adjustment circuit includes at least one voltage conversion module, and the at least one voltage conversion module is used to convert the output voltage of the to-be-processed string so that the output voltages of the at least two target strings are both within the target voltage range; wherein the to-be-processed string is one or more target strings among the at least two target strings whose output voltage is outside the target voltage range.

2. The multi-way connector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-channel connector further includes at least two busbar components, and the busbar components are used to connect in parallel the photovoltaic substrings whose output voltages in the at least two photovoltaic strings are within a preset voltage range; wherein: The input end of the busbar assembly is respectively connected to the photovoltaic substrings whose output voltages are within a preset voltage range in the at least two photovoltaic strings, and the output end of the busbar assembly is connected to the input end of the power adjustment circuit.

3. The multi-way connector according to claim 2, characterized in that: The at least two busbar assemblies include a first busbar assembly and a second busbar assembly, wherein: The first busbar assembly is used to connect in parallel the photovoltaic sub-strings in the at least two photovoltaic strings whose output voltages are within a first preset voltage range; The second bus assembly is used to connect in parallel the photovoltaic sub-strings in the at least two photovoltaic strings whose output voltages are within a second preset voltage range.

4. The multi-way connector according to claim 3, characterized in that: The photovoltaic string comprises a first photovoltaic sub-string and a second photovoltaic sub-string, and the first photovoltaic sub-string comprises at least one first power generation unit connected in series, and the second photovoltaic sub-string comprises at least one second power generation unit connected in series, and the first power generation unit and the second power generation unit have different band gaps; wherein: The input end of the first bus assembly is respectively connected to the first photovoltaic sub-strings in the at least two photovoltaic strings, and the output end of the first bus assembly is connected to the input end of the inverter circuit; The input end of the second bus assembly is respectively connected to the second photovoltaic sub-strings in the at least two photovoltaic strings, and the output end of the second bus assembly is connected to the input end of the inverter circuit.

5. The multi-way connector according to claim 4, characterized in that: The at least one voltage conversion module comprises a first voltage conversion module, wherein: The output end of the first bus assembly is connected to the input end of the first voltage conversion module, the output end of the second bus assembly is connected to the output end of the first voltage conversion module, and the output end of the first voltage conversion module is also connected to the input end of the inverter circuit.

6. The multi-way connector according to claim 5, characterized in that: The multi-way connector further comprises a first switch module, wherein: The output end of the second busbar assembly is connected to the input end of the first switch module, the output end of the first voltage conversion module is connected to the output end of the first switch module, and the output end of the first voltage conversion module is also connected to the input end of the inverter circuit.

7. The multi-way connector according to claim 4, characterized in that: The at least one voltage conversion module comprises a second voltage conversion module, wherein: The output end of the second bus assembly is connected to the input end of the second voltage conversion module, the output end of the first bus assembly is connected to the output end of the second voltage conversion module, and the output end of the second voltage conversion module is also connected to the input end of the inverter circuit.

8. The multi-way connector according to claim 7, characterized in that: The multi-way connector further comprises a second switch module, wherein: The output end of the first busbar assembly is connected to the input end of the second switch module, the output end of the second voltage conversion module is connected to the output end of the second switch module, and the output end of the second voltage conversion module is also connected to the input end of the inverter circuit.

9. The multi-way connector according to claim 4, characterized in that: The at least one voltage conversion module comprises a first voltage conversion module and a second voltage conversion module, wherein: The output end of the first bus assembly is connected to the input end of the first voltage conversion module, the output end of the second bus assembly is connected to the input end of the second voltage conversion module, the output end of the first voltage conversion module is connected to the output end of the second voltage conversion module, and the output end of the first voltage conversion module is also connected to the input end of the inverter circuit.

10. The multi-way connector according to claim 5 or 9, characterized in that: The first voltage conversion module includes a first switch tube, a first diode, a first inductor and a first capacitor, wherein: The positive output end of the first bus assembly is connected to the first end of the first switch tube, the second end of the first switch tube is connected to the first end of the first diode and the first end of the first inductor respectively, and the second end of the first inductor is connected to the first end of the first capacitor, the positive output end of the second bus assembly and the positive input end of the inverter circuit respectively; The negative output terminal of the first bus assembly is respectively connected to the second end of the first diode, the second end of the first capacitor, the negative output terminal of the second bus assembly and the negative input terminal of the inverter circuit.

11. The multi-way connector according to claim 7 or 9, characterized in that: The second voltage conversion module includes a second inductor, a second switch tube, a second diode and a second capacitor, wherein: The positive output terminal of the second bus assembly is connected to the first terminal of the second inductor, the second terminal of the second inductor is connected to the first terminal of the second switch tube and the first terminal of the second diode respectively, and the second terminal of the second diode is connected to the first terminal of the second capacitor, the positive output terminal of the first bus assembly and the positive input terminal of the inverter circuit respectively; The negative output terminal of the second bus assembly is respectively connected to the second end of the second switch tube, the second end of the second capacitor, the negative output terminal of the second bus assembly and the negative input terminal of the inverter circuit.

12. The multi-way connector according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first switch module includes a first switch and a first anti-reverse module, wherein: The first end of the first switch is connected to the positive output end of the second bus assembly, the second end of the first switch is connected to the first end of the first anti-reverse module, the second end of the first anti-reverse module is connected to the positive output end of the first voltage conversion module and the positive input end of the inverter circuit respectively; the negative output end of the second bus assembly is connected to the negative output end of the first voltage conversion module and the negative input end of the inverter circuit respectively.

13. The multi-way connector according to claim 8, characterized in that: The second switch module includes a second switch and a second anti-reverse module, wherein: The first end of the second switch is connected to the positive output end of the first bus assembly, the second end of the second switch is connected to the first end of the second anti-reverse module, the second end of the second anti-reverse module is connected to the positive output end of the second voltage conversion module and the positive input end of the inverter circuit respectively; the negative output end of the first bus assembly is connected to the negative output end of the second voltage conversion module and the negative input end of the inverter circuit respectively.

14. The multi-way connector according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The multi-pass connector also includes a power tracking module, wherein: The power tracking module is used to generate a pulse modulation signal based on the output voltage of the string to be processed and the target voltage range, and send the pulse modulation signal to the at least one voltage conversion module; wherein the pulse modulation signal is used to control the voltage conversion module to perform voltage conversion on the output voltage of the string to be processed.

15. The multi-way connector according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The multi-channel connector further comprises a communication module and a collection module, wherein: The acquisition module is used to acquire output parameters of at least two photovoltaic sub-strings in the photovoltaic string group, and send the output parameters of at least two photovoltaic sub-strings in the photovoltaic string group to the communication module; The communication module is used to receive the output parameters of at least two photovoltaic sub-strings in the photovoltaic string and send them to the control module.

16. The multi-way connector according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: There is a corresponding relationship between the number of input terminals of the multi-channel connector, the upper limit of the current carrying capacity of the multi-channel connector, and the output current of at least two photovoltaic sub-strings in the photovoltaic string.

17. A power generation system, characterized in that: The power generation system comprises at least two photovoltaic strings, an inverter circuit and a multi-channel connector as described in any one of claims 1 to 16; wherein at least two input ends of the multi-channel connector are connected to the at least two photovoltaic strings, and the output end of the multi-channel connector is connected to the inverter circuit.

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