Formaldehyde reactor
By using a spiral metal catalyst layer, aerogel thermal insulation material and thermal oil heat transfer system in the formaldehyde reactor, the problems of uneven gas distribution and low heat exchange efficiency in traditional reactors are solved, and efficient catalytic and low energy consumption formaldehyde production is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422319409.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-24
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-04
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-09-24
AI Technical Summary
Traditional formaldehyde reactors are unevenly distributed during gas introduction and insufficient contact with the catalyst, resulting in low reaction efficiency, high energy consumption, and low heat exchange efficiency, which makes it difficult to meet the needs of modern industries.
The spiral metal catalyst layer is fully in contact with the inner wall of the catalyst filling tube, combined with the aerogel insulation material and the thermal oil heat transfer system, the lower tube plate is designed as a screen structure to improve the uniformity of gas distribution, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved through the thin-walled, non-expansion-fixed fixed tube plate.
It improves the contact efficiency between the catalyst and gas, reduces energy consumption, increases heat transfer efficiency, reduces by-product generation, extends the equipment life and improves the formaldehyde conversion rate.
Smart Images
Figure CN223055409U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of formaldehyde production equipment, in particular to a formaldehyde reactor. Background Art
[0002] Under the background of the rapid development of industrialization, formaldehyde, as an important chemical raw material, plays a crucial role in multiple fields. At present, there are basically three methods for industrial production of formaldehyde: methanol air oxidation method, hydrocarbon direct oxidation method, and dimethyl ether catalytic oxidation method. Among them, the methanol air oxidation method is widely adopted by various countries due to its advanced process. Only a few countries adopt the other two methods due to problems such as raw material sources and processes. And the methanol air oxidation method has two process routes: one is the silver method process with electrolytic silver and pumice silver as catalysts, and the other is the iron method process with Fe2O3-MoO as catalysts.
[0003] For the production of formaldehyde by the iron-molybdenum method, the core equipment of its process is the formaldehyde reactor. The formaldehyde reactor is an extremely important equipment in the industrial production of formaldehyde, and its yield, efficiency, and energy consumption directly affect the market competitiveness. However, the efficiency, stability, and environmental protection performance of traditional formaldehyde reactors may have difficulty meeting the requirements of modern industrial production. At present, most formaldehyde reactors on the market do not set up a gas distribution mechanism when introducing raw material gases, so the gases cannot be fully dispersed in the formaldehyde reactor and react with the reaction-type catalyst, resulting in slow reaction and low catalytic efficiency; and the heat exchange devices inside the existing formaldehyde reactors often only cool down through cooling water, with high energy consumption and low heat exchange efficiency.
[0004] Therefore, researching new formaldehyde reactors to improve production efficiency, reduce energy consumption, and reduce pollution emissions is an inevitable trend of industrial upgrading and transformation. Summary of the Utility Model
[0005] The utility model mainly solves the technical problems of insufficient heat exchange in the heat conduction system of traditional formaldehyde reactors; the tank body is prone to deformation due to uneven heat absorption; the gas in the catalyst loading tube cannot fully contact with the catalyst, etc., and proposes a formaldehyde reactor to improve the reaction efficiency, reduce the generation of by-products, and improve the conversion rate of formaldehyde.
[0006] The utility model provides a formaldehyde reactor, comprising: a tank body;
[0007] An upper tube sheet and a lower tube sheet are arranged inside the tank body;
[0008] The upper tube sheet and the lower tube sheet divide the inside of the tank body into a raw material tank bin, a heat transfer tank bin, and a lower finished product tank bin;
[0009] A plurality of catalyst loading tubes are connected between the upper tube sheet and the lower tube sheet; the catalyst loading tubes penetrate through the heat transfer tank bin and conduct the upper raw material tank bin and the lower finished product tank bin;
[0010] The top of the upper raw material silo is provided with an upper raw material inlet, and the bottom of the lower finished product silo is provided with a lower finished product outlet;
[0011] The top of the lower finished product silo is provided with a sieve mesh.
[0012] Preferably, a gas passage is provided inside the catalyst loading tube.
[0013] Preferably, a metal catalyst layer is provided on the inner wall of the catalyst loading tube; the metal catalyst layer adopts a spiral winding structure.
[0014] Preferably, a heat insulation layer is circumferentially provided on the inner wall of the heat transfer silo, and the heat insulation layer adopts an aerogel heat insulation material.
[0015] Preferably, a heat transfer oil inlet is provided at the bottom of the heat transfer silo, and a heat transfer oil outlet is provided at the lower part of the upper raw material silo.
[0016] Preferably, a safety bracket is provided in the middle of the upper raw material silo.
[0017] Preferably, a safety discharge port is provided at the top of the upper raw material silo.
[0018] Preferably, support brackets are provided around the lower finished product silo.
[0019] A formaldehyde reactor provided by the present utility model has the following advantages compared with the prior art:
[0020] 1. The metal catalyst layer of the present utility model adopts a spiral winding structure and is in full contact with the inner wall of the catalyst loading tube, so that the heat of the gas in the catalyst loading tube can be quickly conducted to the heat transfer oil through the metal catalyst layer, thereby avoiding waste of heat, improving the heat transfer efficiency and production rate; moreover, the catalyst is made into a spiral winding structure, which can ensure full contact between the catalyst and the raw material gas, and can also ensure the least energy consumption when the gas passes through, thereby improving the reaction efficiency, reducing the generation of by-products, and increasing the conversion rate of formaldehyde.
[0021] 2. The present utility model uses aerogel to provide heat insulation protection for the surface of the tank body, and a heat conduction system is used for heat transfer inside the tank body, thereby avoiding the situation that the plastic properties of the tank body material appear at high temperatures, and the material strength and oxidation resistance are significantly reduced, so that the scrap rate of the tank body material is greatly reduced, and the addition of the heat insulation layer can greatly increase the stability of the heat transfer system and prevent the tank wall from expanding excessively due to high temperature, thereby greatly improving the service life of the formaldehyde reactor.
[0022] 3. The lower end surface of the lower tube sheet of the present utility model adopts a screen structure, which can prevent the catalyst from detaching from the hole position and form a gas distribution structure. This design effectively increases the contact area between the gas and the solid, improving the uniformity and efficiency of gas distribution.
[0023] 4. The structure of the present utility model is simple. At the tube sheet, a thin-wall non-expansion fixed tube sheet is adopted, which reduces the deformation of the tube sheet, improves the heat exchange efficiency, saves the material cost, and is suitable for the industrial formaldehyde production with a large annual output. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0024] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a formaldehyde reactor provided by the present utility model;
[0025] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a catalyst loading tube provided by the present utility model;
[0026] Figure 3 is a partial enlarged view of a heat transfer tank provided by the present utility model.
[0027] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a screen provided by the present utility model.
[0028] Reference numerals: 1, tank body; 2, upper tube sheet; 3, lower tube sheet; 4, upper raw material tank; 5, heat transfer tank; 6, lower finished product tank; 7, catalyst loading tube; 8, insulation layer; 9, upper raw material inlet; 10, safety discharge port; 11, safety support; 12, heat transfer oil inlet; 13, heat transfer oil outlet; 14, screen; 15, support bracket; 16, lower finished product outlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
[0029] To make the technical problems solved, the technical solutions adopted, and the technical effects achieved by the present utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. It can be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present utility model, rather than limiting the present utility model. Additionally, it should be noted that for the sake of description, only the parts related to the present utility model are shown in the drawings, rather than all the contents.
[0030] As Figure 1 shown, a formaldehyde reactor provided by an embodiment of the present utility model includes: a tank body 1.
[0031] An upper tube sheet 2 and a lower tube sheet 3 are arranged inside the tank body 1. The upper tube sheet 2 and the lower tube sheet 3 divide the inside of the tank body 1 into a raw material tank 4, a heat transfer tank 5, and a lower finished product tank 6. At the tube sheet of the present utility model, a thin-wall non-expansion fixed tube sheet is adopted, which reduces the deformation of the tube sheet, improves the heat exchange efficiency, and saves the material cost.
[0032] A plurality of catalyst loading tubes 7 are connected between the upper tube sheet 2 and the lower tube sheet 3; the catalyst loading tubes 7 penetrate through the heat transfer tank bin 5 and conduct the upper raw material tank bin 4 and the lower finished product tank bin 6. As Figure 2 shown, the catalyst loading tube 7 has a gas passage inside, which is sufficient to allow high-temperature gas to pass through. The inner wall of the catalyst loading tube 7 has a metal catalyst layer; the metal catalyst layer adopts a spiral winding structure, so that the metal catalyst is in full contact with the inner wall of the catalyst loading tube 7, improving the heat transfer efficiency and production rate. The catalyst loading tube 7 forms a gas distribution structure.
[0033] The upper part of the upper raw material tank bin 4 is provided with an upper raw material inlet 9, and the bottom of the lower finished product tank bin 6 is provided with a lower finished product outlet 16;
[0034] The middle part of the upper raw material tank bin 4 has a safety support 11. The top of the upper raw material tank bin 4 is provided with a safety discharge port 10; when the pressure exceeds the standard, the pressure can be discharged through the safety discharge port 10 to prevent safety accidents.
[0035] As Figure 3 shown, the inner wall of the heat transfer tank bin 5 is circumferentially provided with a heat insulation layer 8, and the heat insulation layer 8 adopts an aerogel heat insulation material. Aerogel is a nano-porous structure, which has an extremely low thermal conductivity and also has functions such as fire prevention and waterproofing.
[0036] The bottom of the heat transfer tank bin 5 is provided with a heat transfer oil inlet 12, and the lower part of the upper raw material tank bin 4 is provided with a heat transfer oil outlet 13; in the tank body 1 of the present utility model, heat transfer is carried out by using heat transfer oil as the heat transfer medium.
[0037] As Figure 4 shown, the top of the lower finished product tank bin 6 is provided with a sieve 14. Support brackets 15 are arranged around the lower finished product tank bin 6, and the sieve 14 and the support brackets 15 support the catalyst loading tubes 7.
[0038] When the formaldehyde reactor of the present utility model is in use, the raw material gas enters from the upper raw material inlet 9, enters the heat transfer tank bin 5 through the upper raw material tank bin 4, the raw material gas passes through the catalyst loading tube 7 inside the heat transfer tank bin 5, generates a chemical reaction with the catalyst inside to form a finished product, and enters the lower finished product tank bin 6; the finished product gas passes through the lower finished product tank bin 6 and is finally exported through the lower finished product outlet 16. When the reaction is in progress, the heat transfer oil enters through the heat transfer oil inlet 12 and finally exits through the heat transfer oil outlet 13. This heat exchange process has high efficiency and can quickly cool the reaction heat to prevent safety accidents.
[0039] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: modifications made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent replacements of some or all of the technical features therein, do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims
1. A formaldehyde reactor, characterized in that, Including: A tank body (1); An upper tube sheet (2) and a lower tube sheet (3) are arranged inside the tank body (1); The upper tube sheet (2) and the lower tube sheet (3) partition the inside of the tank body (1) into a raw material tank bin (4), a heat transfer tank bin (5) and a lower finished product tank bin (6); A plurality of catalyst loading tubes (7) are connected between the upper tube sheet (2) and the lower tube sheet (3); the catalyst loading tubes (7) penetrate through the heat transfer tank bin (5) and conduct the upper raw material tank bin (4) and the lower finished product tank bin (6); An upper raw material inlet (9) is provided at the top of the upper raw material tank bin (4), and a lower finished product outlet (16) is provided at the bottom of the lower finished product tank bin (6); A screen (14) is provided at the top of the lower finished product tank bin (6).
2. The formaldehyde reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, A gas passage is provided inside the catalyst loading tube (7).
3. The formaldehyde reactor according to claim 2, characterized in that, A metal catalyst layer is provided on the inner wall of the catalyst loading tube (7); the metal catalyst layer adopts a spiral winding structure.
4. The formaldehyde reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, An insulating layer (8) is circumferentially arranged on the inner wall of the heat transfer tank bin (5), and the insulating layer (8) adopts an aerogel insulating material.
5. The formaldehyde reactor according to claim 4, characterized in that, A heat transfer oil inlet (12) is provided at the bottom of the heat transfer tank bin (5), and a heat transfer oil outlet (13) is provided at the lower part of the upper raw material tank bin (4).
6. The formaldehyde reactor according to claim 5, wherein A safety support (11) is provided in the middle of the upper raw material tank bin (4).
7. The formaldehyde reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, A safety discharge port (10) is provided at the top of the upper raw material tank bin (4).
8. The formaldehyde reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, Support brackets (15) are provided around the lower finished product tank bin (6).