Slope protection structure combining water locking and water draining

Abstract

The utility model provides a slope protection structure combining water locking and drainage, which comprises a frame soil beam arranged on the slope surface of a side slope and comprising a plurality of cross beams and a plurality of longitudinal beams which are arranged in a mutually crossed manner to form a plurality of sashes; the plant layer is arranged in the sash; a water locking material is sprayed on soil of the frame soil beam to form a frame soil beam water locking layer so as to reduce the probability that rainwater permeates into the slope body from the frame soil beam, and a water locking material is sprayed on soil of the plant layer to form a plant layer water locking layer so as to reduce the probability that rainwater permeates into the slope body from the plant layer; the drainage pipe is arranged in the cross beam, and at least part of the drainage pipe extends in the vertical direction so as to communicate the two vertically-adjacent sashes, so that water flow of the sashes located above the drainage pipe is drained out along the drainage pipe; accumulated water at the bottoms of the lattices flows into the drainage pipes, so that water in the lattices flows out rapidly, the probability that rainwater permeates soil is reduced, the situation that the rainwater permeates into the slope body can be effectively reduced by arranging the water locking layer and the drainage pipes, and the slope body is more stable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of slope protection, in particular to a slope protection structure combining water locking and drainage. Background Art

[0002] During the construction of railways and highways, excavation or filling is often carried out on some sections, thus generating many slopes. Due to different excavation angles of the sections and different geological conditions of different sections, many slope structures are unstable and prone to collapse.

[0003] Traditional slope protection technologies mostly use rigid materials such as concrete and stone to be set on the slope surface to reinforce and protect the slope surface. Although adding rigid materials on the slope surface can play a protective role to a certain extent, these rigid materials damage the original natural soil, prevent the growth of plants, and the slope surface without plants is prone to soil erosion.

[0004] In the prior art, ecological slope protection technologies are mostly adopted, planting drought-tolerant and deep-rooted plants on the slope surface and setting geosynthetics to make the slope more stable, without hindering the growth of plants, which is beneficial to protecting the natural environment.

[0005] In ecological slope protection technologies, protection plates or protection bricks are often set on the slope surface, which can provide physical support for the slope in the short term, and can reduce the probability of slope collapse, spalling and damage. However, the protection plates and protection bricks do not have a waterproof effect, have poor ability to prevent rainwater from penetrating into the slope, and lack a drainage function. When it rains, rainwater penetrates into the slope interior, causing the slope body to soften and reducing the stability of the slope; due to the lack of a drainage function of the protection bricks and protection plates, rainwater is also prone to accumulate inside the slope, increasing the risk of landslides. Content of the Utility Model

[0006] The utility model solves at least one of the technical problems in the related technologies to a certain extent.

[0007] Therefore, the present application aims to provide a slope protection structure combining water locking and drainage, which can quickly drain the water penetrating into the slope interior, and has good waterproof performance on the slope surface, reducing the probability of rainwater penetrating into the slope interior.

[0008] The slope protection structure combining lock drainage according to the present application includes: a framed soil beam, which is arranged on the slope surface of the slope and is formed by compacting and uplifting the soil of the slope, and is convenient to manufacture; the framed soil beam includes: a plurality of cross beams; a plurality of longitudinal beams, and the plurality of cross beams and the plurality of longitudinal beams are arranged crosswise to form a plurality of grids; a plant layer, which is arranged in the grids; the plant layer can reduce the soil erosion on the slope surface, and the roots of the plants can extend into the soil in the slope body to reduce the probability of slope collapse, and can protect the original ecological environment; a water-locking material is sprayed on the soil of the framed soil beam to form a water-locking layer of the framed soil beam. A water-locking material is sprayed on the soil of the plant layer to form a water-locking layer of the plant layer, so as to reduce the probability of rainwater penetrating into the slope body from the surface of the framed soil beam and the plant layer; a drain pipe is arranged in the cross beam, and at least part of the drain pipe extends in the up-down direction to communicate two adjacent upper and lower grids, so that the rainwater in the grid above it can be discharged along the drain pipe. When there is water in a grid, the water in the grid flows downward under the action of gravity and finally gathers at the bottom of the grid. Since there is a drain pipe at the bottom of each grid, the accumulated water at the bottom of the grid flows into the drain pipe, so that the water in the grid can flow out quickly, reducing the probability of rainwater penetrating the soil.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present application, the slope includes a slope top, and a water-locking material is sprayed on the slope top to form a water-locking layer of the slope top.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present application, the concentration of the water-locking material sprayed on the slope top and the framed soil beam is a, and the concentration of the water-locking material sprayed on the plant layer is b, and a > b, which helps to protect the growth of the plants in the plant layer and reduces the probability of rainwater penetrating into the slope body from the surface of the exposed framed soil beam.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present application, there is one or more grids; in one grid, the concentration of the water-locking material sprayed on the plant layer is unique; in a plurality of grids arranged vertically, the lower the height of the grid, the higher the concentration of the water-locking material sprayed on the plant layer. Since the accumulated water of the upper grid is stored in the lower grid, a high concentration of the water-locking material in the lower grid is beneficial for water locking and reduces the penetration of rainwater.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present application, there are a plurality of drain pipes; in two adjacent drain pipes arranged vertically, the upper drain pipe and the lower drain pipe are not on the same longitudinal line, so that the water discharged from the upper drain pipe cannot flow directly downward into the lower drain pipe, so that the water flow cannot flow from the upper drain pipe to the lower drain pipe along a fixed route, reducing the scouring of the soil in the grid by the rainwater flow during drainage and reducing the probability of rainwater penetrating into the slope body.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present application, the drain pipe includes: a first pipe section having an upper water inlet for receiving rainwater in the grid above it; a second pipe section connected below the first pipe section, the second pipe section including a lower drain outlet for discharging water in the drain pipe; water enters the drain pipe from the upper water inlet, then flows through the first pipe section and the second pipe section in sequence, and finally flows out from the lower drain outlet at the bottom of the second pipe section; the area of the upper water inlet is larger than the area of the lower drain outlet, and the cross-sectional area of the first pipe section is not less than the cross-sectional area of the second pipe section, so that the water flow velocity increases sequentially in the first pipe section and the second pipe section, enhancing the drainage speed, quickly draining water, and reducing the probability of rainwater entering the slope interior.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present application, the first pipe section is a tapered pipe with a gradually decreasing diameter from top to bottom, so that the water flow velocity gradually increases when the water flows through the first pipe section; the second pipe section is a tapered pipe with a gradually decreasing diameter from top to bottom, so that the water flow velocity gradually increases when the water flows through the second pipe section, so that the water flow velocity continuously increases in the drain pipe to accelerate drainage, and the increase amplitude of the water flow is relatively slow to reduce the impact of the sudden change in water flow velocity on the pipe wall of the drain pipe, thereby prolonging the service life of the drain pipe.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present application, it further includes a drainage trough arranged at the bottom of the slope, and the drainage trough is communicated with the drain pipe;

[0016] The drainage trough is strip-shaped, located below the frame soil beam and extending along the length direction of the cross beam. The drainage trough is provided with a water inlet below the drain pipe to communicate the drainage trough and the drain pipe; the water in the grid flows downward through at least one drain pipe and then flows into the drainage trough, so that the water can be discharged from the slope surface to the bottom of the slope.

[0017] In some embodiments of the present application, multiple drain pipes are arranged at intervals on the same cross beam, and the maximum distance between two drain pipes is D1; the distance between the left and right ends of the drainage trough is D2, and D2≥D1, so that the water flowing out of the drain pipe can be received by the drainage trough.

[0018] In some embodiments of the present application, a plurality of longitudinally arranged grooves are also provided on the slope surface, the distance between the longitudinally arranged grooves is not greater than 20 cm, and the width of the longitudinally arranged grooves is any value between 3 cm and 5 cm, so that the water flow on the slope surface flows downward along the longitudinally arranged grooves, so that the water in the grid can flow into the drain pipe faster. Description of the Drawings

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic overall appearance diagram of the slope protection structure arranged on the slope according to the embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of spraying water-locking material on the slope according to the embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a side view of the slope protection structure arranged on the slope according to the embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the slope protection structure according to the embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the drain pipe of the slope protection structure according to the embodiment of the present application.

[0025] In the above figures:

[0026] 100, slope protection structure;

[0027] 1, frame soil beam; 11, cross beam; 12, longitudinal beam; 13, grid;

[0028] 2, plant layer;

[0029] 3, drain pipe; 31, first pipe section; 311, upper water inlet; 32, second pipe section; 321, lower drain outlet;

[0030] 4, drainage trough; 41, water inlet;

[0031] 5, slope; 51, slope surface; 52, slope top; 53, slope body;

[0032] 61, frame soil beam water-locking layer; 62, plant layer water-locking layer; 63, slope top water-locking layer;

[0033] 7, toe of slope;

[0034] 8, foundation. Specific embodiments

[0035] Next, the present invention will be specifically described through exemplary embodiments. However, it should be understood that without further description, the elements, structures, and features in one embodiment can also be beneficially combined into other embodiments.

[0036] In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present utility model.

[0037] The terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features.

[0038] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installed", "connected", and "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0039] During the construction of highways and railways, many slopes 5 are generated on both sides of the road. The structures of many slopes 5 are unstable and prone to collapse. Traditional slope protection technologies mostly use rigid materials such as concrete and stone to be set on the slope surface 51 to reinforce and protect the slope surface 51. Although adding rigid materials on the slope surface 51 can play a protective role to a certain extent, these rigid materials damage the original natural soil, will prevent the growth of plants, reduce biodiversity, damage the natural ecological environment, and the slope surface 51 without plants on the surface is prone to soil erosion.

[0040] In the prior art, ecological slope protection technologies are mostly adopted. Drought-tolerant and deep-rooted plants are planted on the slope surface 51, and geosynthetics are set to make the slope 5 more stable, and do not hinder the growth of plants, which is beneficial to protecting the natural environment. In ecological slope protection technologies, protective plates or protective bricks are often set on the slope surface 51. In the short term, they can provide physical support for the slope 5 and can reduce the probability of slope 5 collapse, spalling, and damage. However, the protective plates and protective bricks do not have a waterproof effect, the ability to prevent rainwater from penetrating into the slope 5 is poor, and they lack a drainage function.

[0041] When it rains, rainwater seeps into the slope 5, causing the slope body 53 of the slope 5 to soften and reducing the stability of the slope 5; due to the lack of drainage function of the protective bricks and plates, rainwater is also likely to accumulate inside the slope 5, increasing the risk of landslides.

[0042] In view of this, the present application provides a slope protection structure 100 combining water locking and drainage. The water locking layer can prevent rainwater from seeping into the soil body, and the drain pipe can quickly drain the rainwater falling on the surface of the slope 5. The waterproof performance of the surface of the slope 5 is good, and it is not easy to generate landslides.

[0043] Refer to Figures 1 - 5 , a slope protection structure 100 combining water locking and drainage, includes a frame soil beam 1 and a plant layer 2, and a drainage trough 4 provided at the bottom of the slope 5.

[0044] Refer to Figure 1 , the slope 5 is the object to be protected by the slope protection structure 100 of the present application. The slope 5 includes a slope body 53, a slope top 52 and a slope surface 51. Usually, the slope surface 51 is an inclined surface, and the slope top 52 is an inclined surface or a plane with a lower inclination degree. When it rains, rainwater will fall on both the slope surface 51 and the slope top 52. A toe 7 is provided at the bottom of the slope to support the bottom of the slope surface, and a foundation 8 is provided at the bottom of the slope body of the slope to support the bottom of the slope body and reduce the probability of slope body collapse.

[0045] The frame soil beam 1 is arranged on the slope surface 51 of the slope 5. The frame soil beam 1 includes a plurality of cross beams 11 and a plurality of longitudinal beams 12. The plurality of cross beams 11 and the plurality of longitudinal beams 12 are arranged crosswise to form a plurality of grids 13.

[0046] It should be noted that usually the grid 13 is set as a rectangle, so that the support effect of the cross beam 11 and the longitudinal beam 12 on the slope surface 51 is better, and the arrangement of the frame soil beam 1 on the slope surface 51 is more beautiful.

[0047] The frame soil beam 1 of the present application is formed by compacting the soil on the slope surface 51, without using protective plates, protective bricks or concrete structures, effectively reducing the cost of the frame soil beam 1, and not requiring additional transportation of materials, reducing labor costs.

[0048] The plant layer 2 is arranged in the grid 13 formed by the intersection of the longitudinal beam 12 and the cross beam 11. The plant layer 2 can reduce the soil erosion of the slope surface 51, and the roots of the plants extend into the soil in the slope body 53 to reduce the probability of collapse of the slope body 53, and can protect the original ecological environment.

[0049] A water locking material is sprayed on the soil of the frame soil beam to form a water locking layer 61 of the frame soil beam, so as to reduce the probability of rainwater seeping from the soil of the frame soil beam into the slope body.

[0050] A water-locking material is sprayed on the soil of the plant layer to form a water-locking layer 62 of the plant layer, so as to reduce the probability of rainwater penetrating from the soil of the plant layer into the interior of the slope body.

[0051] It should be noted that the water-locking material is not the focus of this application, and commercially available water-locking materials can be used. The water-locking material will react chemically with the water-absorbing hydroxyl groups on the soil surface to remove the water-absorbing groups of the soil; after the chemical reaction of the water-locking material, a uniformly distributed nanostructure is formed on the surface of the soil particles, thereby forming an automatic water-locking surface, blocking the contact between the soil and water droplets, so that the slope body has better water-locking performance.

[0052] Refer to Figure 4 , the drain pipe 3 is arranged in the cross beam 11, and at least part of the drain pipe 3 extends in the up and down direction to communicate two adjacent grids 13 up and down, so that the water flow in the grid 13 above it is discharged along the drain pipe 3.

[0053] It should be noted that each grid 13 is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with a drain pipe 3 at its bottom, so that the accumulated water in each grid 13 can be discharged through the drain pipe 3, reducing the probability of accumulated water in the grid 13;

[0054] The drainage trough 4 is arranged at the bottom of the slope 5 and is communicated with the drain pipe 3 at the lowermost part. The number of drain pipes 3 can be appropriately increased near the foot of the slope, that is, the arrangement is denser, to ensure smooth drainage.

[0055] When there is water in a grid 13, the water in the grid 13 flows downward under the action of gravity and finally gathers at the bottom of the grid 13. Since there is a drain pipe 3 at the bottom of each grid 13, the accumulated water at the bottom of the grid 13 flows into the drain pipe 3.

[0056] If the above grid 13 is arranged at the bottommost part of the frame soil beam 1, the accumulated water in the grid 13 flows into the drain pipe 3 and then directly flows into the drainage trough 4 and is discharged at the bottom of the slope surface 51.

[0057] If there is another grid 13 below the above grid 13, the accumulated water in the grid 13 flows into the drain pipe 3 and then is discharged into the lower grid 13, and is discharged into the lower drain pipe 3 together with the accumulated water in the lower grid 13. After flowing into the lowermost drain pipe 3 in the lower grid 13, it flows into the drainage trough 4 to realize the drainage of the slope surface 51.

[0058] When there is accumulated water on the slope top 52, the water on the slope top 52 flows downward along the slope surface 51, will flow into the grid 13, and then flows through the drain pipe 3 into the drainage trough 4.

[0059] Compared with the prior art, the slope protection structure 100 of the present application is provided with a drainage system and a water locking layer. A frame soil beam water locking layer 61 is formed on the frame soil beam, and a plant layer water locking layer 62 is formed on the plant layer, which can effectively reduce the penetration of rainwater into the interior of the slope body and reduce the risk of slope body collapse and damage. The drainage system includes a drain pipe 3 and a drainage groove 4. The drain pipe 3 is located at the bottom of the grid 13, and the drainage groove 4 is located at the bottom of the slope surface 51. The rainwater falling into the interior of the grid 13 on the slope top 52 and the slope surface 51 flows into the drainage groove 4 through the drain pipe 3 and is then discharged through the drainage groove 4, which can reduce the penetration of rainwater into the slope body 53 and reduce the probability of damage to the slope 5. Compared with the prior art, it has obvious progress.

[0060] In some embodiments of the present application, the plant layer 2 is planted in the grid 13 by the method of spraying grass on the soil. After spraying the grass on the soil is completed, a non-woven geotextile is covered above the plant layer 2 for maintenance, so that the plants are in a warm and humid environment, which is beneficial to the germination of plant seeds.

[0061] In some embodiments of the present application, the slope 5 includes a slope top 52, and a water locking material is sprayed on the slope top 52 to form a slope top water locking layer 63, which reduces the probability of rainwater entering the slope body 53 from the slope top 52 and reduces the probability of damage to the slope body 53.

[0062] In some embodiments of the present application, the frame soil beam 1 is formed by compacting three layers of soil on the slope surface 51 of the slope 5. A water locking material is sprayed on the frame soil beam 1 to form a frame soil beam water locking layer.

[0063] When rainwater flows on the frame soil beam 1, the frame soil beam water locking layer will first block the rainwater from entering the interior of the frame soil beam 1, thereby enhancing the water locking effect of the frame soil beam 1 and reducing the probability of rainwater entering the interior of the frame soil beam 1, and thus reducing the probability of rainwater entering the interior of the slope body 53.

[0064] Specifically, the soil for making the frame soil beam 1 needs to select materials such as cohesive soil or loam that are convenient for compaction and water locking to facilitate soil compaction. And the moisture in the soil is also tested. When the moisture is in a reasonable range, it is beneficial to compact the soil.

[0065] The soil for making the frame soil beam 1 is divided into three layers, namely the inner layer, the sub-outer layer and the outermost layer. The thickness of each layer of soil is between 10 cm and 15 cm. The three layers of soil are respectively rolled by a roller or a rammer to compact the soil.

[0066] After compacting the inner layer soil and the sub-outer layer soil, a water locking material is sprayed on the outer surface of the sub-outer layer soil, spraying in multiple times and in small amounts, spraying at least three times, and waiting for the water locking material to dry before laying the outermost layer soil.

[0067] After compacting the outermost layer of soil, spray the water-locking material again, in small amounts and multiple times, for at least five times of spraying, to form a more stable water-locking layer for the framed soil beams, enhancing the water-locking ability.

[0068] It should be noted that during the process of fabricating the framed soil beam 1, reserve the installation position of the drain pipe 3 and install the drain pipe 3 in the cross beam 11 to reduce the installation difficulty of the drain pipe 3.

[0069] In some embodiments, the cross-section of the framed soil beam 1 intercepted by a plane perpendicular to the slope surface 51 is a rectangle of 0.5m * 0.5m or 0.2m * 0.2m, having good strength.

[0070] In some embodiments of the present application, a water-locking material is sprayed on the plant layer 2 to form a water-locking layer 62 for the plant layer, reducing the probability of rainwater entering the interior of the slope body 53 from the soil within the grid 13.

[0071] In some embodiments, the plant layer 2 adopts the method of spraying soil with grass seeds. A mixed solution including grass seeds, wood fibers, compound fertilizers, water retainers, adhesives, etc. is sprayed within the grid 13, and the plants can grow rapidly. Since the plants will take root in the soil, the plant roots enhance the stability of the soil mass, while improving the ecological environment of the slope surface 51 and reducing soil erosion.

[0072] In some embodiments, the plant layer 2 is square and can be set to 1.5m * 1.5m. The plant layer 2 is laid with an organic substrate bottom layer about 8 cm thick, with the seed layer about 2 cm thick. After the sprinkler pipeline mechanism is assembled on the slope surface 51 for direct irrigation convenience, then a water-locking material is laid on the upper layer of the plant layer 2, and the water-locking material is sprayed in small amounts and multiple times to enhance the water-locking ability of the soil in the plant layer 2.

[0073] The water-locking material is a green ecological and environmental protection material. While strengthening the water-locking function of the slope 5, it can be compatible with the surrounding natural environment, ensuring a relatively small probability of having a negative impact on the growth process of plants. This material will not pollute the soil or water source, nor cause damage to the nearby animal, plant, and microbial ecosystems. Water-locking can improve the soil and water conservation ability of the slope 5.

[0074] It should be noted that when spraying the water-locking material on the plant layer 2, it is sprayed in small amounts and multiple times, with a total of five layers of spraying, reducing the probability of water seeping from the soil in the grid 13 into the slope body 53.

[0075] In some embodiments of the present application, the concentration of the water-locking material sprayed on the slope top and the frame soil beam is a, and the concentration of the water-locking material sprayed on the plant layer is b, where a > b. This is to make the concentration of the water-locking material sprayed on the plant layer relatively low, thereby accelerating plant growth, and the concentration of the water-locking material sprayed on the exposed frame soil beam is relatively high, which is beneficial to reducing the penetration of rainwater from the surface of the frame soil beam into the slope body.

[0076] In some embodiments of the present application, the concentration of the water-locking material sprayed on the lattice beam 13 is 16%, and the concentration of the water-locking material sprayed on the plant layer 2 is between 7% and 12%, which helps to protect the growth of the plants in the plant layer 2.

[0077] During construction, the mixture of the water-locking material is mechanically stirred for 5 minutes until a uniform milky white liquid is formed before spraying, which is more uniform.

[0078] It should be noted that after the water-locking material is sprayed onto the soil surface, the water-locking material will chemically react with the water-absorbing hydroxyl groups on the soil surface to remove the water-absorbing groups of the soil. After the chemical reaction of the water-locking material, a uniformly distributed nanostructure is formed on the surface layer of the soil particles, thereby forming an automatic water-locking surface, blocking the contact between the soil and water droplets, so that the slope body 53 has good water-locking performance. The soil without adding the water-locking material is easy to collapse when absorbing water and becoming mud, while the soil with the added water-locking material does not become mud when encountering water and becomes a super-hydrophobic soil that does not absorb water. Water will hang on the surface of the soil and flow downward into the drainage trough 4. Under the action of the surface tension of water, even if there are small cracks on the soil surface, water droplets will not penetrate into the slope body 53, thus effectively reducing the penetration of rainwater into the soil.

[0079] In some embodiments of the present application, there is one or more lattice frames 13. In one lattice frame 13, the concentration of the water-locking material sprayed on the plant layer 2 is unique; in multiple lattice frames 13 arranged vertically, the lower the height of the lattice frame 13, the higher the concentration of the water-locking material sprayed on the plant layer 2. Since the accumulated water from the upper lattice frame 13 is stored in the lower lattice frame 13, a high concentration of the water-locking material in the lower lattice frame 13 is beneficial for water locking and reducing the penetration of rainwater.

[0080] In some embodiments, the concentration of the water-locking material sprayed in the lattice frame 13 is increased row by row from top to bottom.

[0081] In the plant layer 2 of the first row of lattice frames 13 above, a water-locking material with a concentration of 8% is sprayed, which can effectively slow down the initial infiltration rate of rainwater. Experimental results show that the infiltration rate of rainwater at this concentration is 9.5%.

[0082] In the plant layer 2 of the next row of lattice frames 13, a water-locking material with a concentration of 9% is sprayed, further reducing the rainwater infiltration rate to 7.5%. There is more rainwater in the lattice frame 13 at this height, which can effectively reduce rainwater penetration;

[0083] Spray a water-locking material with a concentration of 12% on the plant layer 2 in the bottom grid 13 to reduce the rainwater infiltration rate to 5%. A lot of rainwater accumulates in the plant layer 2 of the bottom grid 13, and the high-concentration water-locking material slightly reduces rainwater infiltration.

[0084] This concentration gradient design not only effectively controls rainwater infiltration but also forms a persistent water-locking barrier, significantly enhancing the water retention capacity of the soil. In practical applications, adjust the different concentrations of the water-locking material according to different slope 5 conditions to achieve the best soil and water conservation effect.

[0085] Refer to Figure 4 , in some embodiments of the present application, there are multiple drain pipes 3, at least two adjacent drain pipes 3 arranged vertically. The upper drain pipe 3 and the lower drain pipe 3 are not on the same longitudinal line, so that the water discharged from the upper drain pipe 3 cannot directly flow downward into the lower drain pipe 3, so that the water flow cannot flow from the upper drain pipe 3 to the lower drain pipe 3 along a fixed route, reducing the erosion of the soil in the grid 13 by the rainwater flow during drainage and reducing the probability of rainwater infiltrating into the slope body 53.

[0086] Refer to Figure 5 , in some embodiments of the present application, the drain pipe 3 extends in the vertical direction and includes a first pipe section 31 and a second pipe section 32. The first pipe section 31 has an upper water inlet 311, and the upper opening is used to receive the water flow in the grid 13 above it. The second pipe section 32 is connected below the first pipe section 31. The second pipe section 32 includes a lower drain outlet 321, and the lower drain outlet 321 is used to discharge the water in the drain pipe 3.

[0087] Water enters the drain pipe 3 from the upper water inlet 311, then flows through the first pipe section 31 and the second pipe section 32 in sequence, and finally flows out from the lower drain outlet 321 at the bottom of the second pipe section 32.

[0088] The area of the upper water inlet 311 is larger than the area of the lower drain outlet 321, so that the water above the drain pipe 3 can more easily enter the drain pipe 3.

[0089] The cross-sectional area of the first pipe section 31 is not less than the cross-sectional area of the second pipe section 32, so that the water flow velocity increases sequentially in the first pipe section 31 and the second pipe section 32, enhancing the drainage speed, quickly draining water, and reducing the probability of rainwater entering the slope body 53.

[0090] In some embodiments of the present application, the first pipe section 31 is a tapered pipe with a gradually decreasing diameter from top to bottom, so that the flow rate of water gradually increases when flowing through the first pipe section 31; the second pipe section 32 is a tapered pipe with a gradually decreasing diameter from top to bottom, so that the flow rate of water gradually increases when flowing through the second pipe section 32, so that the flow rate of water in the drain pipe 3 continuously increases to accelerate drainage, and the increase in the flow rate of water is relatively slow to reduce the impact of the sudden change in the flow rate of water on the wall of the drain pipe 3, thereby extending the service life of the drain pipe 3.

[0091] The following details the influence of the diameter change of the drain pipe 3 on the flow rate of water and the pressure received by the drain pipe 3:

[0092] Since the water flow rates of the first pipe section 31 and the second pipe section 32 are the same, the following holds:

[0093] A1v1 = A2v2

[0094] Note: The cross-sectional area of the first pipe section 31 of the drain pipe 3 is A1, and the water flow velocity is v1; the cross-sectional area of the second pipe section 32 of the drain pipe 3 is A2, and the air flow velocity is v2;

[0095] It can be obtained that since the cross-sectional area A1 of the first pipe section 31 ≥ the cross-sectional area A2 of the second pipe section 32, the water flow velocity v1 of the first pipe section 31 ≤ the water flow velocity v2 of the second pipe section 32, and the water flows into the drain pipe 3 and is discharged at an accelerated rate;

[0096] It can be obtained that since the first pipe section 31 and the second pipe section 32 are tapered pipes with a gradually decreasing diameter from top to bottom, when the water flows in the first pipe section 31, the flow rate increases, and when the water flows in the second pipe section 32, the flow rate also increases.

[0097] According to Bernoulli's principle:

[0098]

[0099] Then:

[0100]

[0101] Note: The pressure of the first pipe section 31 of the drain pipe 3 is P1; the pressure of the second pipe section 32 of the drain pipe 3 is P2;

[0102] It can be seen that the greater the water flow velocity, the smaller the water pressure. Since the first pipe section 31 and the second pipe section 32 are reducing pipes with gradually decreasing diameters from top to bottom, and the water flow velocity gradually increases when the water flows from top to bottom in the first pipe section 31 and the second pipe section 32, the water pressure gradually decreases when the water flows from top to bottom in the first pipe section 31 and the second pipe section 32. That is, the smaller the cross-sectional area of the drain pipe 3, the smaller the water pressure, effectively protecting the drain pipe 3, reducing the probability of wear and blockage of the drain pipe 3, reducing the risk of pipeline rupture or leakage caused by excessive water pressure, enhancing the stability of the entire drainage system, and improving the reliability and service life of the drainage system.

[0103] Referring to Figure 3 , in some embodiments of the present application, the drainage groove 4 is strip-shaped, located below the frame soil beam 1, and extends along the length direction of the cross beam 11. The drainage groove 4 is provided with a water inlet 41 located below the drain pipe 3. The water inlet pipe and the drain pipe 3 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence, so that the water discharged from the drain pipe 3 can directly enter the water inlet 41 and then enter the drainage groove 4, thereby accelerating the drainage speed.

[0104] In some embodiments, the drainage groove 4 has a groove-shaped structure with convex sides and a concave middle. Since the drainage groove 4 is provided with a drain outlet, water can directly enter the middle concave portion of the drainage groove 4 without having to pass over the convex structures on both sides to enter.

[0105] In some embodiments of the present application, multiple drain pipes 3 are arranged at intervals on the same cross beam 11. The maximum distance between two drain pipes 3 is D1; the distance between the left and right ends of the drainage groove 4 is D2, and D2≥D1, so that all the drain pipes 3 can be arranged above the drainage groove 4, so that the situation where the water in the drain pipe 3 cannot flow into the drainage groove 4 will not occur.

[0106] In some embodiments of the present application, a plurality of longitudinal grooves are also provided on the slope surface 51 at intervals, and the distance between the longitudinal grooves is not greater than 20 cm, so that the water flow on the slope surface 51 flows downward along the longitudinal grooves, so that the water in the grid 13 can flow into the drain pipe 3 faster.

[0107] In some embodiments of the present application, the width of the longitudinal groove is any value between 3 cm and 5 cm, so that the longitudinal groove does not affect the strength of the cross beam 11 and the longitudinal beam 12 of the frame soil beam 1 and can effectively drain water.

[0108] The following details the construction and maintenance methods of the slope protection structure 100 of the present application:

[0109] S1, slope 5 trimming, including S10, S11, S12 and S13;

[0110] S10. The slope 5 is trimmed by a combination of machinery and manual labor. All the excess soil on the slope 5 is trimmed downwards to the slope angle line without damaging the surface soil of the slope 5. If damage occurs, it needs to be restored in a timely manner.

[0111] S11. If the soil of the slope 5 is relatively loose, the surface soil of the slope 5 needs to be wetted in advance with water to make the soil of the slope 5 reach the optimal compaction moisture content range.

[0112] S12. Remove the unstable stones or sundries on the slope 5, and remove all the loose and dangerous stones. If the excavation of the slope 5 protrudes or recesses by more than 10 cm, the slope surface 51 needs to be processed.

[0113] S13. After cleaning the slope surface 51, dig longitudinal grooves with a depth of 3 - 5 cm at intervals of 20 cm along the longitudinal direction, and use machinery to compact the soil on the slope surface 51.

[0114] S2: Fabricate the frame soil beam 1, including S21 and S22.

[0115] S21. According to the design drawings, measure and set out the lines to determine the position of the frame soil beam 1.

[0116] S22. On the slope surface 51 of the slope 5, use soil to compact and form the frame soil beam 1. The cross - section size of the soil beam is set to 0.5 m × 0.5 m, and a water - locking material is sprayed on the secondary outer layer soil of the frame soil beam 1 to form a second frame water - locking layer.

[0117] S3: Fabricate the plant layer 2, including S31 and S32.

[0118] S31. By means of spraying soil for grass, mix the nutrient soil in which planting soil, peat, coconut powder, wood powder, compound fertilizer, calcium magnesium phosphate, binder, and seeds are proportionally blended evenly, and then spray it into the grid 13 with high pressure according to the designed thickness. When spraying, the nozzle is perpendicular to the slope surface 51, about 1.5 m away, to form the plant layer 2. The spraying construction is carried out from top to bottom on the slope surface 51.

[0119] S32. Cover the plants with a film for maintenance. After sowing grass seeds, cover the plant layer 2 with a non - woven geotextile of 30 g / ㎡ on the same day, and then fix the non - woven geotextile with "U" - shaped nails made of iron wire. The fixing interval is 100 cm, and water is sprayed timely and moderately. It should be noted that the cut of the non - woven geotextile is neat, and the overlapping part is appropriately folded by 1 cm - 3 cm and fixed with iron wire.

[0120] S4. Spray the water - locking material on sunny days or a few days before the rainy season, including S41 and S42.

[0121] S41. Dilute the water-locking material to the construction concentration. If the average thickness of the water-permeable soil layer is 10 cm, the concentration of the water-locking material for spraying on the plant layer 2 is 7% - 12%, and the concentration of the water-locking material for spraying on the slope top 52 and the frame soil beam 1 is 16%. Mechanically stir the mixture for 5 minutes until a uniform milky white liquid is formed.

[0122] S42. Spray the water-locking material: Spray the water-locking material on the top of the frame soil beam 1. The water-locking material is sprayed in small amounts and multiple times, with an interval of 30 minutes each time, and a total of five layers are sprayed.

[0123] When the moisture content of the soil in the slope 5 is 10% - 20% or the soil on the slope surface 51 is relatively dry, uncover the non-woven geotextile, spray the water-locking material on the plant layer 2. The water-locking material is sprayed in small amounts and multiple times, with an interval of 30 minutes each time, and a total of five layers are sprayed, and then cover the spun geotextile.

[0124] Spray the water-locking material on the slope top 52. The water-locking material is sprayed in small amounts and multiple times, with a total of five layers, an interval of 30 minutes each time, and the spraying width is 1 - 2 m.

[0125] S5. Dry the water-locking material: After the surface of the soil layer of the slope 5 is naturally dried for two to three days, a water-permeable soil layer can be formed to achieve the effect of preventing seepage and locking water. There is no need to sprinkle water for maintenance after spraying the water-locking material. When the seedling plants grow to 5 - 6 cm or have 2 - 3 leaves, uncover the non-woven geotextile.

[0126] S6. Re-spray: After the plants grow to 8 - 10 cm, evenly spray the water-locking material on the grid 13 again to further improve the water-locking performance of the slope 5, effectively prevent water loss, keep the soil moist, and provide favorable conditions for the continuous growth of plants.

[0127] S7: Maintenance and management: Regularly check the condition of the water-locking material and the frame soil beam 1 to ensure no damage; at the same time, carry out the maintenance and replanting of plants to ensure the healthy growth of the vegetation; regularly check the integrity and function of the drainage system and carry out necessary maintenance.

[0128] The above is only the specific implementation manner of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present utility model can easily think of changes or substitutions, which should all be covered within the protection scope of the present utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of the present utility model should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A slope protection structure combining a lock and drainage, characterized in that Comprising: A framed soil beam, which is arranged on the slope surface of the slope and is formed by compacting and uplifting the soil of the slope. The framed soil beam includes: A plurality of cross beams; A plurality of longitudinal beams, and the plurality of cross beams and the plurality of longitudinal beams are arranged crosswise to form a plurality of grids; A plant layer, which is arranged within the grids; A water-locking layer for the framed soil beam, and a water-locking material is sprayed on the soil of the framed soil beam to form the water-locking layer for the framed soil beam; A water-locking layer for the plant layer, and a water-locking material is sprayed on the soil of the plant layer to form the water-locking layer for the plant layer; A drain pipe, which is arranged within the cross beam. The drain pipe extends at least partially in the up-and-down direction to communicate two adjacent grids above and below, so that the rainwater in the grid above it is discharged along the drain pipe.

2. The slope protection structure combining lock and drainage according to claim 1, characterized in that The slope includes a slope top, and a water-locking material is sprayed on the soil of the slope top to form a water-locking layer for the slope top.

3. The slope protection structure combining lock and drainage according to claim 2, characterized in that, The concentration of the water-locking material sprayed on the slope top and the framed soil beam is a, and the concentration of the water-locking material sprayed on the plant layer is b, and a > b.

4. The slope protection structure combining lock and drainage according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, characterized in that There is one or more of the grids; In one of the grids, the concentration of the water-locking material sprayed on the plant layer is unique; In a plurality of grids arranged vertically, the lower the height of the grid, the higher the concentration of the water-locking material sprayed on the plant layer.

5. The slope protection structure combining lock and drainage according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are a plurality of the drain pipes; in two adjacent drain pipes arranged vertically, the upper drain pipe and the lower drain pipe are not on the same longitudinal line, so that the water discharged from the upper drain pipe cannot flow directly downward into the lower drain pipe.

6. The slope protection structure combining lock and drainage according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that, The drain pipe includes: A first pipe section, which has an upper water inlet for receiving the rainwater in the grid above it; A second pipe section, which is connected below the first pipe section. The second pipe section includes a lower drain outlet for discharging the water in the drain pipe; The area of the upper water inlet is larger than the area of the lower drain outlet, and the cross-sectional area of the first pipe section is not less than the cross-sectional area of the second pipe section.

7. The slope protection structure combining lock and drainage according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first pipe section is a reducing pipe with a gradually decreasing diameter from top to bottom, and the second pipe section is a reducing pipe with a gradually decreasing diameter from top to bottom.

8. The slope protection structure combining a lock and drainage according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that, It further includes a drainage trough arranged at the bottom of the slope, and the drainage trough is communicated with the drain pipe; The drainage trough is strip-shaped, located below the framed soil beam and extending along the length direction of the cross beam. The drainage trough is provided with a water inlet below the drain pipe to communicate the drainage trough with the drain pipe; the water in the grid flows downward through at least one drain pipe and then into the drainage trough.

9. The slope protection structure combining lock and drainage according to claim 8, characterized in that, A plurality of the drain pipes are arranged at intervals on the same cross beam, and the maximum distance between two adjacent drain pipes is D1; the distance between the left and right ends of the drainage trough is D2, and D2 ≥ D1.

10. The slope protection structure combining lock and drainage according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that, A plurality of longitudinally arranged grooves are further provided on the slope surface, and the distance between the longitudinally arranged grooves is not greater than 20 cm, and the width of the longitudinally arranged grooves is any value between 3 cm and 5 cm, so that the water flow on the slope surface flows downward along the longitudinally arranged grooves.

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