Nine-plunger low-speed large-torque hydraulic motor

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of power equipment, and particularly relates to a hydraulic motor, in particular to a nine-plunger low-speed large-torque hydraulic motor which is mainly composed of a transmission shaft, a front cover, a shell, a plug, a spring seat, a spring, plungers, a baffle, a transition disc, a sealing ring, a rear cover, an O-shaped sealing ring, a check ring, a compensation disc, a wave washer, a valve plate, a nine-square wheel and the like. According to the design of the utility model, a structure for driving the periodic change of the plunger sealing volume of the hydraulic motor is changed from a pentagonal wheel to a nine-square wheel, so that the operation stability of the main shaft under a low-speed working condition can be improved. Hydraulic motor shaft flow distribution is changed into end face valve plate oil distribution, the structure is simple, shaft sticking damage caused by unbalanced radial force of a flow distribution shaft can be prevented, and the use reliability of the motor under the heavy load working condition is improved. The valve plate pressing structure adopts the compensation plate and the wave-shaped pad for pressing, the micro-deformation generated by the wave-shaped pad can effectively adapt to and control the change of axial hydraulic pressure, the end face sealing gap of the valve plate is ensured, and the valve plate is prevented from being abraded.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of power equipment, specifically relates to a hydraulic motor, and particularly relates to a nine-plunger low-speed high-torque hydraulic motor. Background Art

[0002] At present, there are two types of low-speed hydraulic motors used on the market. One is a crank connecting rod structure, and the other is an eccentric shaft driving a five-square wheel structure to realize the periodic change of the high and low pressure of the plunger sealing volume, and form torque to rotate the main shaft. The above structures all have unstable phenomena at low speeds. Most of the flow distribution structures of hydraulic motors choose shaft flow distribution. Because the hydraulic pressure directly acts on the main shaft through the five-square wheel in this flow distribution structure, it is easy to cause unbalanced force and shaft seizure, and the performance at low-speed heavy load operation is poor.

[0003] Therefore, in order to achieve the low-speed stability and heavy-load reliability of the hydraulic motor, it is imperative to actively develop a nine-plunger end-face flow distribution hydraulic motor to improve the above problems. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a nine-plunger low-speed high-torque hydraulic motor to improve low-speed stability and heavy-load reliability.

[0005] The utility model is realized by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0006] A nine-plunger low-speed high-torque hydraulic motor includes a housing, a front cover, a transition disk, a rear cover and a transmission shaft; the front cover is assembled on the left side of the housing, and the transition disk and the rear cover are sequentially arranged on the right side of the housing; the left part of the transmission shaft is assembled in the front cover through a bearing, and the right part of it is assembled in the housing through a bearing; a nine-square wheel is assembled at the eccentric part in the middle of the transmission shaft through a needle bearing II; nine plunger mounting holes are correspondingly arranged along the radial direction of the housing, and each plunger mounting hole is internally assembled with a plunger. A spring is assembled in the inner cavity of the plunger. The spring is assembled on a spring seat and is pressed by a plug screwed at the port of the plunger mounting hole. And the bottom surface of each plunger is closely attached to the corresponding plane of the nine-square wheel; corresponding oil channels are penetrated in the housing corresponding to each plunger mounting hole; a flow distribution disk is arranged in the transition disk. The flow distribution disk is assembled on an eccentric ring through a needle bearing I, and the eccentric ring is fixedly assembled at the end of the transmission shaft; a hydraulic oil ring cavity is formed between the flow distribution disk and the transition disk and is communicated with the corresponding inner cavity of the plunger through an oil channel; the side surface of the flow distribution disk can realize the change of the opening area of the oil port (located on the side surface of the housing and communicated with the hydraulic oil ring cavity) under the action of the eccentric ring. That is to say, when the flow distribution disk rotates, the opening and closing area of the oil port located on the side surface of the housing will change, but the oil port will not be completely closed; a compensation disk is assembled in the inner cavity of the rear cover, and a plane seal is adopted between the side surface of the compensation disk and the side surface of the flow distribution disk.

[0007] During operation, the plunger sealing volume E of the hydraulic motor is formed by the lower end of the plug and the inner cavity of the plunger. The nine-sided wheel is installed at the eccentric position F of the transmission shaft. While the transmission shaft rotates, the nine-sided wheel rotates eccentrically. The plunger moves linearly in the plunger mounting hole of the housing, so that the plunger sealing volume E changes periodically in size. The distribution plate rotates under the drive of the eccentric ring on the transmission shaft, forming the intercommunication conversion between the high and low sealing volume chambers and the high and low-pressure oil. When the plunger sealing volume E increases, the distribution plate reduces the area of the oil passage port to form a high-pressure oil circuit. The high-pressure oil enters the sealing cavity of the plunger in the high-pressure area through the distribution plate. The hydraulic pressure pushes the plunger 9 in the high-pressure area and acts on the nine-sided wheel. When the plunger sealing volume E decreases, the distribution plate increases the area of the oil passage port to form a low-pressure oil circuit. The low-pressure oil enters the sealing cavity of the plunger in the low-pressure area through the distribution plate. The force exerted by the plunger in the low-pressure area on the nine-sided wheel is very small. In this way, a pressure difference is generated between the upper and lower parts of the nine-sided wheel, which can form a rotational torque and drive the transmission shaft to rotate, realizing the conversion of hydraulic energy into mechanical energy. Driven by the transmission shaft, the distribution plate forms the intercommunication conversion between the high and low sealing volume chambers and the high and low-pressure oil. When each plunger completes an oil intake and discharge action, the motor transmission shaft can rotate one week.

[0008] Further preferably, a corrugated washer is assembled between the compensation plate and the rear cover; the compensation plate and the rear cover are sealed radially by an O-ring and a retaining ring. A plane seal is adopted between the distribution plate and the compensation plate. The corrugated washer always presses the compensation plate tightly against the end face of the distribution plate, which can effectively compensate the sealing gap between the distribution plate and the compensation plate, overcome the sealing failure or severe wear caused by the axial hydraulic pressure, and improve the impact resistance and wear resistance of this sealing pair.

[0009] Further preferably, a damping small hole is drilled through the bottom of the inner cavity of the plunger, so that an oil film support is formed between the bottom surface of the plunger and the plane of the nine-sided wheel. A hydrostatic support design is adopted between the plunger and the nine-sided wheel. Through the damping small hole, an oil film support is formed between the plane of the nine-sided wheel and the plunger, effectively reducing the friction between the plunger and the nine-sided wheel and improving the friction reduction and wear resistance characteristics of this friction pair.

[0010] Further preferably, the eccentric ring is assembled at the end of the transmission shaft by a flat key.

[0011] Further preferably, the housing, the transition plate and the rear cover are connected and fastened by bolts and cylindrical pins. The front cover, the housing, the rear cover and the transition plate are sealed by an O-ring. A combined sealing washer is installed between the plug and the port of the plunger mounting hole on the housing.

[0012] Further preferably, the left part of the transmission shaft is assembled in the front cover through a tapered roller bearing I, and its right part is assembled in the housing through a tapered roller bearing II.

[0013] Further preferably, a shaft seal is assembled on the transmission shaft in front of the tapered roller bearing I by means of transition fit, and the shaft seal is located inside the front cover.

[0014] Further preferably, a baffle is assembled on the transmission shaft behind the nine-square wheel.

[0015] For the nine-plunger end-face porting hydraulic motor of the present utility model, the structure that drives the periodic change of the sealed volume of the hydraulic motor plunger is changed from a five-square wheel to a nine-square wheel, which can improve the running stability of the main shaft under low-speed conditions. The porting of the hydraulic motor shaft is changed to porting by an end-face porting disc, which has a simple structure and can prevent the porting shaft from being damaged due to unbalanced radial force, improving the reliability of the motor under heavy-load conditions. The porting disc pressing structure uses a compensating disc and a corrugated washer for pressing. The micro-deformation generated by the corrugated washer can effectively adapt to and control the change of the axial hydraulic pressure, ensure the end-face sealing gap of the porting disc, and prevent the porting disc from being worn.

[0016] The design of the present utility model is reasonable, realizing the low-speed stability and heavy-load reliability of the hydraulic motor, and having good practical application value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The drawings herein are incorporated into the specification and form a part of the specification, showing embodiments in accordance with the present utility model and, together with the specification, are used to explain the principles of the present utility model.

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 It represents a schematic cross-sectional view of the motor of the present utility model.

[0020] Figure 2 Represents Figure 1 The schematic A-A cross-sectional view of

[0021] Figure 3 It represents a schematic cross-sectional view of the corrugated washer.

[0022] Figure 4 It represents the front view of the corrugated washer.

[0023] Figure 5 It represents the front view of the porting disc.

[0024] Figure 6 It represents a schematic cross-sectional view of the porting disc.

[0025] In the figure: 1 - transmission shaft, 2 - oil seal, 3 - front cover, 4 - tapered roller bearing Ⅰ, 5 - housing, 6 - plug, 7 - spring seat, 8 - spring, 9 - plunger, 10 - baffle plate, 11 - tapered roller bearing Ⅱ, 12 - transition plate, 13 - O-ring seal, 14 - rear cover, 15 - O-ring seal and retaining ring, 16 - compensation plate, 17 - wave washer, 18 - flat key, 19 - distribution plate, 20 - nine-sided wheel, 21 - eccentric ring, 22 - needle roller bearing Ⅰ, 23 - needle roller bearing Ⅱ, 24 - combined seal washer, 25 - bolt, 26 - cylindrical pin, 27 - oil passage, 28 - hydraulic oil ring cavity, 29 - damping orifice, 30 - bottom cavity; E - plunger seal volume, F - eccentricity of nine-sided wheel. Detailed implementation manners

[0026] In order to more clearly understand the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention, the solution of the present invention will be further described below. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0027] In the description, it should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. It should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific situations.

[0028] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to fully understand the present invention, but the present invention can also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein; obviously, the embodiments in the specification are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0029] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] A nine-plunger low-speed high-torque hydraulic motor mainly consists of a transmission shaft 1, a front cover 3, a housing 5, a plug 6, a spring seat 7, a spring 8, a plunger 9, a baffle plate 10, a transition plate 12, a rear cover 14, a compensation plate 16, a wave washer 17, a distribution plate 19, a nine-sided wheel 20, etc.

[0031] Such as Figure 1As shown, a front cover 3 is assembled on the left side of the housing 5; a transition disk 12 and a rear cover 14 are successively installed on the right side of the housing. The housing 5, the transition disk 12 and the rear cover 14 are connected and fastened by bolts 25 and cylindrical pins 26. Sealing is performed between the front cover 3, the housing 5, the rear cover 14, and the transition disk 16 by an O-ring seal 13.

[0032] As Figure 1 shown, the transmission shaft 1 is installed in the cavity formed by the front cover 3, the housing 5, the rear cover 14, and the compensation disk 17. The left part of the transmission shaft 1 is assembled in the front cover 3 through a bearing (for example, tapered roller bearing Ⅰ4), and its right part is assembled in the housing 5 through a bearing (for example, tapered roller bearing Ⅱ11), that is, the tapered roller bearing Ⅰ4 and the tapered roller bearing Ⅱ11 respectively install the transmission shaft 1; the rear end of the transmission shaft 1 passes through the transition disk 12. An oil seal 2 is assembled on the transmission shaft 1 in front of the tapered roller bearing Ⅰ4 through interference fit. The oil seal 2 is located in the front cover 3, that is: the oil seal 2 is installed in the installation groove of the front cover 3 and has an interference fit with the transmission shaft 1.

[0033] As Figure 1 、 2 shown, a nine-sided wheel 20 is assembled on the eccentric part in the middle of the transmission shaft 1 through a needle roller bearing Ⅱ23, that is: the nine-sided wheel 20 is installed at the eccentric part of the transmission shaft 1, and the needle roller bearing Ⅱ23 is installed between the nine-sided wheel 20 and the transmission shaft 1. A baffle 10 is installed on the side of the nine-sided wheel 20 (that is, a baffle 10 is assembled behind the nine-sided wheel 20 on the transmission shaft 1).

[0034] As Figure 1 、 2 shown, nine plunger combinations formed by a plug 6, a spring seat 7, a spring 8, and a plunger 9 are respectively installed in nine plunger installation holes of the housing 5 and are respectively in close contact with the nine-sided wheel 20. A combined sealing washer 25 is installed between the plug 6 and the housing 5. Specifically, nine plunger installation holes are correspondingly arranged along the radial direction of the housing 5. Each plunger installation hole is equipped with a plunger 9. A spring 8 is installed in the inner cavity of the plunger 9. The inner end of the spring 8 abuts against the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the plunger 9, and the outer end of the spring 8 is assembled on the spring seat 7 and is pressed by a plug 6 screwed onto the port of the plunger installation hole. A combined sealing washer 24 is installed between the plug 6 and the port of the plunger installation hole on the housing 5.

[0035] As Figure 1 、 2 shown, the bottom surface of each plunger 9 is in close contact with the corresponding plane of the nine-sided wheel 20; a bottom cavity 30 is formed in the middle of the bottom surface of the plunger 9. A damping small hole 29 is drilled through the bottom of the inner cavity of the plunger 9. A semi-circular groove is opened at the damping small hole 29 in the middle of the bottom cavity 30. The damping small hole 29 forms an oil film support between the bottom surface of the plunger 9 and the plane of the nine-sided wheel 20.

[0036] As Figure 1As shown, corresponding to each plunger mounting hole in the housing 5, a corresponding oil passage 27 is provided through the housing.

[0037] As Figure 1 shown, a flow distribution plate 19 is provided in the transition plate 12. The structure of the flow distribution plate 19 is as Figure 5 , 6 shown. The flow distribution plate 19 is assembled on the eccentric ring 21 through a needle roller bearing I 22 (the needle roller bearing I 22 is installed between the eccentric ring 21 and the flow distribution plate 19). The eccentric ring 21 is fixedly assembled on the end of the transmission shaft 1 through a flat key 18. A hydraulic oil ring cavity 28 is formed between the flow distribution plate 19 and the transition plate 12 (the external hydraulic oil is located in the hydraulic oil ring cavity 28), and is communicated with the inner cavity of the corresponding plunger 9 through the oil passage 27. The opening and closing area of the oil port can be changed under the action of the eccentric ring 21 on the side of the flow distribution plate 19. The flow distribution plate 19 is provided with weight-reducing holes. A semi-circular ring groove is provided in the middle of the outer peripheral surface of the flow distribution plate 19; a corresponding semi-circular ring groove is provided in the middle of the inner circumferential surface of the transition plate 12.

[0038] As Figure 1 shown, a compensation plate 16 is assembled in the inner cavity of the rear cover 14. A plane seal is adopted between the side surface of the compensation plate 16 and the side surface of the flow distribution plate 19. A corrugated washer 17 is assembled between the compensation plate 16 and the rear cover 14. The compensation plate 16 and the rear cover 14 are sealed radially by an O-ring seal and a retaining ring 15.

[0039] During specific operation, the plunger sealed volume E of the hydraulic motor is formed by the lower end of the plug 6 and the inner cavity of the plunger 9. The nine-square wheel 20 is installed at the eccentric position F of the transmission shaft 1. While the transmission shaft 1 rotates, the nine-square wheel 20 rotates eccentrically. The plunger 9 moves linearly in the plunger mounting hole of the housing 5, so that the plunger sealed volume E changes periodically in size.

[0040] The flow distribution plate 19 rotates driven by the eccentric ring 21 on the transmission shaft 1, forming the intercommunication conversion between the high and low sealed volume cavities and the high and low pressure oils.

[0041] When the plunger sealed volume E increases, the flow distribution plate 10 reduces the area of the port of the oil passage 27 to form a high-pressure oil circuit. The high-pressure oil enters the sealed cavity of the high-pressure area plunger through the flow distribution plate 19, and the hydraulic pressure pushes the high-pressure area plunger 9 and acts on the nine-square wheel 20 with force. When the plunger sealed volume E decreases,

[0042] the flow distribution plate 10 increases the area of the port of the oil passage 27 to form a low-pressure oil circuit. The low-pressure oil enters the sealed cavity of the low-pressure area plunger through the flow distribution plate 19. The acting force of the low-pressure area plunger 9 on the nine-square wheel 20 is very small. In this way, a pressure difference will be generated between the upper and lower parts of the nine-square wheel 20, and a rotational torque can be formed, thereby driving the transmission shaft 1 to rotate and realizing the conversion of hydraulic energy into mechanical energy.

[0043] Driven by the drive shaft 1, the flow distribution disc 19 forms the intercommunication conversion between the high and low sealed volume chambers and the high and low pressure oils. For each oil intake and discharge action completed by each plunger 9, the motor drive shaft 1 can rotate one full circle.

[0044] A hydrostatic support design is adopted between the plunger 9 and the nine-sided wheel 20. A bottom cavity 30 is arranged at the bottom surface of the plunger 9, and an oil film support is formed between the plane of the nine-sided wheel 20 and the bottom surface of the plunger 9 through the damping orifice 29, effectively reducing the friction between the plunger 9 and the nine-sided wheel 20 and improving the anti-friction and anti-wear characteristics of this friction pair.

[0045] A plane seal is adopted between the flow distribution disc 19 and the compensation disc 16. The compensation disc 16 is always pressed tightly against the end surface of the flow distribution disc 19 by using the corrugated washer 17, which can effectively compensate for the sealing gap between the flow distribution disc 19 and the compensation disc 16, overcome the sealing failure or severe wear caused by the axial hydraulic pressure, and improve the anti-impact performance and wear performance of this sealing pair.

[0046] The technical solution provided by the present utility model has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0047] First, the structure that drives the periodic change of the plunger sealing volume of the hydraulic motor is changed from a five-sided wheel to a nine-sided wheel drive, which can improve the running stability of the main shaft under low-speed conditions.

[0048] Second, the shaft flow distribution of the hydraulic motor is changed to end surface flow distribution disc oil distribution. The structure is simple, and it can prevent the seizure of the flow distribution shaft due to unbalanced radial force, improving the use reliability of the motor under heavy load conditions.

[0049] Third, the flow distribution disc pressing structure uses a compensation disc and a corrugated washer to press. The micro-deformation generated by the corrugated washer can effectively adapt to and control the change of the axial hydraulic pressure, ensure the end surface sealing gap of the flow distribution disc, and prevent the wear of the flow distribution disc.

[0050] The above are only the specific implementation manners of the present utility model, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement the present utility model. Although the above embodiments have been described in detail, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the above embodiments, and they should all be covered by the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A nine-plunger low-speed high-torque hydraulic motor, comprising a housing (5), a front cover (3), a transition disk (12), a rear cover (14) and a transmission shaft (1); It is characterized in that: The front cover (3) is assembled on the left side of the housing (5), and the transition disk (12) and the rear cover (14) are successively arranged on the right side of the housing; The left part of the transmission shaft (1) is assembled in the front cover (3) through a bearing, and its right part is assembled in the housing (5) through a bearing; a nine-sided wheel (20) is assembled at the eccentric part in the middle of the transmission shaft (1) through a needle bearing II (23); nine plunger mounting holes are correspondingly arranged along the radial direction of the housing (5), and a plunger (9) is assembled in each plunger mounting hole. A spring (8) is assembled in the inner cavity of the plunger (9), and the spring (8) is assembled on a spring seat (7) and is pressed by a plug (6) screwed on the port of the plunger mounting hole. Moreover, the bottom surface of each plunger (9) is closely attached to the corresponding plane of the nine-sided wheel (20); corresponding oil channels (27) are penetrated through the housing (5) corresponding to each plunger mounting hole; A flow distribution disk (19) is arranged in the transition disk (12), and the flow distribution disk (19) is assembled on an eccentric ring (21) through a needle bearing I (22), and the eccentric ring (21) is fixedly assembled at the end of the transmission shaft (1); a hydraulic oil ring cavity (28) is formed between the flow distribution disk (19) and the transition disk (12) and is communicated with the inner cavity of the corresponding plunger (9) through the oil channel (27); the opening and closing area of the oil port can be changed on the side surface of the flow distribution disk (19) under the action of the eccentric ring (21); A compensation disk (16) is assembled in the inner cavity of the rear cover (14), and a plane seal is adopted between the side surface of the compensation disk (16) and the side surface of the flow distribution disk (19).

2. A nine-plunger low-speed high-torque hydraulic motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A corrugated washer (17) is assembled between the compensation disk (16) and the rear cover (14).

3. A nine-plunger low-speed high-torque hydraulic motor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A damping small hole (29) is penetrated through the bottom of the inner cavity of the plunger (9), so that an oil film support is formed between the bottom surface of the plunger (9) and the plane of the nine-sided wheel (20).

4. A nine-plunger low-speed high-torque hydraulic motor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The eccentric ring (21) is assembled at the end of the transmission shaft (1) through a flat key (18).

5. A nine-plunger low-speed high-torque hydraulic motor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The compensation disk (16) and the rear cover (14) are sealed radially by an O-ring and a retaining ring (15).

6. A nine-plunger low-speed high-torque hydraulic motor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The housing (5), the transition disk (12) and the rear cover (14) are connected and fastened by bolts (25) and cylindrical pins (26).

7. A nine-plunger low-speed high-torque hydraulic motor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The front cover (3), the housing (5), the rear cover (14) and the transition disk (12) are sealed by an O-ring (13).

8. A nine-plunger low-speed high-torque hydraulic motor according to claim 7, characterized in that: A combined seal washer (24) is installed between the plug (6) and the port of the plunger mounting hole on the housing (5).

9. A nine-plunger low-speed high-torque hydraulic motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left part of the transmission shaft (1) is assembled in the front cover (3) through a tapered roller bearing I (4), and its right part is assembled in the housing (5) through a tapered roller bearing II (11).

10. A nine-plunger low-speed high-torque hydraulic motor according to claim 9, characterized in that: An oil seal (2) is assembled on the transmission shaft (1) in front of the tapered roller bearing I (4) through a transition fit, and the oil seal (2) is located in the front cover (3).

11. A nine-plunger low-speed high-torque hydraulic motor according to claim 10, characterized in that: A baffle (10) is assembled on the transmission shaft (1) behind the nine-sided wheel (20).

12. A nine-plunger low-speed high-torque hydraulic motor according to claim 1, wherein: The flow distribution disk (19) is provided with weight-reducing holes.

13. A nine-plunger low-speed high-torque hydraulic motor according to claim 12, characterized in that: A semi-circular ring groove is provided in the middle of the outer peripheral surface of the port plate (19); a semi-circular ring groove is correspondingly provided in the middle of the inner circumferential surface of the transition plate (12).

14. A nine-plunger low-speed high-torque hydraulic motor according to claim 3, characterized in that: A bottom cavity (30) is formed in the middle of the bottom surface of the plunger (9), and a semi-circular groove is formed at the damping small hole (29) in the middle of the bottom cavity (30).

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