Speed reducer and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model provides a speed reducer and a vehicle. The speed reducer comprises a shell; the end cover is detachably connected to the shell; the oil guide device is clamped between the shell and the end cover, the oil guide device comprises a first mounting part and a second mounting part which are oppositely arranged, the first mounting part is connected to the shell, and the second mounting part is connected to the end cover. The lubricating effect of the splash lubricating mode can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of speed reducers, and particularly to a speed reducer and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] A speed reducer is provided with multiple gears. Through the transmission between multiple levels of gears, the rotational speed is reduced and the torque is increased. The speed reducer is also provided with multiple bearings. The outer ring of the bearing is fixed to the speed reducer housing, and the inner ring is connected to the gear shaft. When the speed reducer is working, the inner ring of the bearing will rotate relative to the outer ring along with the gear shaft. Therefore, friction will occur between the inner and outer rings of the bearing, which easily leads to overheating or wear of the bearing. Therefore, lubrication is required during the working process of the speed reducer.

[0003] In order to reduce the lubrication cost, the speed reducer can adopt the splash lubrication method. However, it is difficult for the splash lubrication method to accurately splash the lubricating oil into the parts that need to be lubricated, resulting in poor lubrication effect. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] This application provides a speed reducer and a vehicle to improve the lubrication effect of the splash lubrication method.

[0005] In the first aspect of this application, a speed reducer is provided, which includes:

[0006] A housing;

[0007] An end cover, detachably connected to the housing;

[0008] An oil guiding device, clamped between the housing and the end cover. The oil guiding device includes a first mounting portion and a second mounting portion arranged oppositely. The first mounting portion is connected to the housing, and the second mounting portion is connected to the end cover.

[0009] Optionally, a first mounting hole is provided in the housing. The first mounting portion includes a first mounting pin, and the first mounting pin is in plug-in fit with the first mounting hole.

[0010] Optionally, a first boss is provided in the housing, and the first mounting hole is arranged on the first boss;

[0011] The first mounting portion includes a limiting base, the first mounting pin protrudes from the limiting base, and the limiting base abuts against the first boss.

[0012] Optionally, a second mounting hole is provided in the end cover. The second mounting portion includes a second mounting pin, and the second mounting pin is in plug-in fit with the second mounting hole.

[0013] Optionally, a second boss is provided on the surface of the end cover, and the second mounting hole is arranged on the second boss;

[0014] The second mounting portion includes a limiting end face, the second mounting pin protrudes from the limiting end face, and the limiting end face abuts against the second boss.

[0015] Optionally, the housing is provided with adjacent first and second bearing positions, and an oil distribution groove is provided above the first bearing position and the second bearing position;

[0016] The outlet of the oil guiding device is matched with the oil distribution groove, the first bearing position and the oil distribution groove are interconnected through a first shunt portion, and the second bearing position and the oil distribution groove are interconnected through a second shunt portion.

[0017] Optionally, the oil guiding device includes a receiving portion and a guiding portion that are interconnected, the guiding portion is matched with the oil distribution groove, the receiving portion is located at a section of the guiding portion close to the end cover, and the receiving portion protrudes from at least one side of the guiding portion along its own width.

[0018] Optionally, along the direction away from the end cover, the guiding portion gradually slopes downward;

[0019] Along the direction close to the guiding portion, the receiving portion gradually slopes downward.

[0020] Optionally, the oil guiding device has a convex structure on the side where the lubricating oil is thrown in, and a flat structure on the side facing away from the side where the lubricating oil is thrown in.

[0021] The second aspect of the present application provides a vehicle, which includes any one of the speed reducers provided by the present application.

[0022] The technical solution provided by the present application can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0023] The speed reducer provided by the present application includes a housing, an end cover and an oil guiding device; the end cover is detachably connected to the housing; the oil guiding device is clamped between the housing and the end cover, and the oil guiding device includes a first mounting portion and a second mounting portion arranged opposite to each other. The first mounting portion is connected to the housing, and the second mounting portion is connected to the end cover. It can be seen from this that the present application guides the thrown lubricating oil to the parts that need to be lubricated through the oil guiding device, thereby improving the lubrication effect; the oil guiding device is clamped between the housing and the end cover; the first mounting portion of the oil guiding device is connected to the housing, and the second mounting portion is connected to the end cover, so that the housing and the end cover respectively play a supporting or fixing role at both ends of the oil guiding device, increasing the stability of the installation and fixation of the oil guiding device, preventing the oil guiding device from shaking or swinging, and ensuring that the oil guiding device can accurately guide the lubricating oil to the parts that need to be lubricated.

[0024] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are only exemplary and do not limit the present application. Description of the Drawings

[0025] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the connection structure of the speed reducer provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the installation structure of the oil guiding device in the speed reducer provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the housing of the speed reducer provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 4 Top view structure diagram of the oil guiding device provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 5 Three-dimensional structure diagram of the oil guiding device provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0030] Reference numerals:

[0031] 1 - Speed reducer;

[0032] 11 - Housing;

[0033] 111 - First mounting hole;

[0034] 112 - First boss;

[0035] 113 - First bearing position;

[0036] 114 - Second bearing position;

[0037] 115 - Oil separation groove;

[0038] 1151 - First diversion part;

[0039] 1152 - Second diversion part;

[0040] 12 - End cover;

[0041] 121 - Second mounting hole;

[0042] 122 - Second boss;

[0043] 13 - Oil guiding device;

[0044] 131 - Outlet;

[0045] 132 - Receiving part;

[0046] 133 - Diversion part;

[0047] 134 - First mounting part;

[0048] 1341 - First mounting pin;

[0049] 1342 - Limit base;

[0050] 135 - Second mounting part;

[0051] 1351 - Second mounting pin;

[0052] 1352 - Limiting end face;

[0053] 14 - First-stage driving gear;

[0054] 15 - First-stage driven gear;

[0055] 16 - Second-stage driving gear;

[0056] 17 - Second-stage driven gear;

[0057] 18 - Differential;

[0058] 2 - Motor;

[0059] 3 - Electric control;

[0060] 4 - Fastener.

[0061] The accompanying drawings here are incorporated into the description and form a part of this description, showing embodiments in accordance with the present application, and are used together with the description to explain the principles of the present application. Detailed implementation manners

[0062] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer and more understandable, the following further elaborates on the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0063] In the description of the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; unless otherwise specified or stated, the term "plurality" means two or more; the terms "connection", "fixation", etc. should all be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, an integral connection, or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0064] In the description of this specification, it should be understood that the orientation terms such as "upper" and "lower" described in the embodiments of the present application are described from the angles shown in the accompanying drawings and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present application. In addition, in the context, it should also be understood that when it is mentioned that an element is connected "above" or "below" another element, it can not only be directly connected "above" or "below" another element, but also be indirectly connected "above" or "below" another element through an intermediate element.

[0065] like Figures 1 - 5 As shown, the embodiment of the present application provides a reducer 1, which includes a housing 11, an end cover 12 and an oil guide device 13. The end cover 12 is detachably connected to the housing 11, closing the opening of the housing 11, thereby forming a closed cavity for accommodating components such as gears; the oil guide device 13 is an overall groove-shaped structure with an opening upward, and the oil guide device 13 is arranged in the closed cavity, and the thrown lubricating oil is guided to the part that needs lubrication through the oil guide device 13, thereby improving the lubrication effect.

[0066] Specifically, the reducer 1 includes a primary driving gear 14, a primary driven gear 15, a secondary driving gear 16 and a secondary driven gear 17. The primary driving gear 14 is used to transmit the power of the motor 2 to the reducer 1, the primary driven gear 15 is meshed with the primary driving gear 14 and can rotate with the primary driving gear 14; the secondary driving gear 16 is coaxially arranged with the primary driven gear 15 and connected to each other, so that the secondary driving gear 16 and the primary driven gear 15 rotate synchronously; the secondary driven gear 17 is meshed with the secondary driving gear 16 and can rotate with the secondary driving gear 16, and the differential 18 is connected to the secondary driven gear 17.

[0067] Lubricating oil is provided in the reducer 1. When the reducer 1 is not working, the lubricating oil gathers at the bottom of the reducer 1 under the action of gravity. In the vertical direction, the secondary driven gear 17 is located at a lower position, and the lubricating oil can immerse the lower end of the secondary driven gear 17. When the reducer 1 is working, the gears in the reducer 1 rotate, and the secondary driven gear 17 can throw the lubricating oil upward to the oil guide device 13.

[0068] Furthermore, the primary driving gear 14 is installed in the reducer 1 through the first bearing, and the secondary driving gear 16 is installed in the reducer 1 through the second bearing. The housing 11 is provided with a first bearing position 113 and a second bearing position 114, the first bearing position 113 is used to install the first bearing, and the second bearing position 114 is used to install the second bearing. The oil guide device 13 is arranged between the first bearing position 113 and the second bearing position 114, and the oil guide device 13 is located on one side of the rotation direction of the secondary driven wheel. The lubricating oil of the belt is introduced into the first bearing and the second bearing for lubrication through the oil guide device 13, which can reduce the friction and wear of the bearing, disperse the heat in the bearing, keep the bearing temperature moderate, and improve the life of the bearing. It also prevents moisture in the air from eroding the bearing surface, reduces the corrosion and oxidation of the bearing, and extends the service life of the bearing.

[0069] like Figures 2 - 5As shown, further, the oil guide device 13 is sandwiched between the housing 11 and the end cover 12. The oil guide device 13 includes a first mounting portion 134 and a second mounting portion 135 that are arranged opposite to each other, the first mounting portion 134 is connected to the housing 11, and the second mounting portion 135 is connected to the end cover 12, that is, the housing 11 and the end cover 12 respectively play a supporting or fixing role at both ends of the oil guide device 13, increase the stability of the installation and fixation of the oil guide device 13, prevent the oil guide device 13 from shaking or swinging, and ensure that the oil guide device 13 can accurately guide the lubricating oil to the part that needs lubrication.

[0070] Furthermore, a first mounting hole 111 is provided in the shell 11, and the first mounting portion 134 includes a first mounting pin 1141, and the first mounting pin 1141 is plugged into the first mounting hole 111, that is, the oil guide device 13 is installed in the shell 11 in a plug-in manner, with a simple structure and convenient installation and disassembly operations, thereby saving time for assembly and subsequent maintenance of the reducer 1 and improving the assembly efficiency and maintenance efficiency of the reducer 1.

[0071] Specifically, the first mounting pins 1141 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the first mounting holes 111. The housing 11 may be provided with only one first mounting hole 111, or at least two mutually parallel first mounting holes 111; similarly, the oil guide device 13 may be provided with only one first mounting pin 1141, or at least two mutually parallel first mounting pins 1141.

[0072] Furthermore, a first boss 112 is provided in the housing 11, and the first mounting hole 111 is provided on the first boss 112; the first mounting portion 134 includes a limiting base 1342, and a first mounting pin 1141 is protrudingly provided on the limiting base 1342, and the limiting base 1342 abuts against the first boss 112. The limiting base 1342 abuts against the first boss 112, so that the axial positioning of the oil guide device 13 is achieved, and the installation accuracy of the oil guide device 13 is increased.

[0073] Specifically, an outlet 131 is provided at one end of the oil guide device 13 close to the housing 11, and the limiting base 1342 is spaced apart from the outlet 131 of the oil guide device 13 to avoid contact and blockage between the outlet 131 of the oil guide device 13 and the housing 11, thereby ensuring that the lubricating oil in the oil guide device 13 can flow out smoothly.

[0074] Furthermore, a reinforcing structure, such as reinforcing ribs, is provided on the side of the limiting base 1342 away from the first mounting pin 1141 to increase the structural strength of the limiting base 1342 and prevent the limiting base 1342 from being damaged such as deformation or breakage, thereby ensuring the installation accuracy of the oil guide device 13.

[0075] Further, the end cap 12 is provided with a second mounting hole 121. The second mounting portion 135 includes a second mounting pin 1351. The second mounting pin 1351 is inserted into and cooperates with the second mounting hole 121. That is to say, the oil guiding device 13 is mounted on the end cap 12 in an inserted manner. Only by covering the end cap 12 on the opening of the housing 11 can the connection and fixation between the oil guiding device 13 and the end cap 12 be achieved. The structure is simple, and the installation and disassembly operations are convenient, thereby saving the time for assembling and later maintaining the reducer 1 and improving the assembling efficiency and maintenance efficiency of the reducer 1.

[0076] Further, a second boss 122 is provided on the surface of the end cap 12. The second mounting hole 121 is provided in the second boss 122. By providing the second boss 122, the local thickness of the end cap 12 is increased, thereby increasing the connection depth between the oil guiding device 13 and the end cap 12 and increasing the supporting strength of the end cap 12 for the oil guiding device 13. The second mounting portion 135 includes a limiting end face 1352. The second mounting pin 1351 protrudes from the limiting end face 1352. The limiting end face 1352 abuts against the second boss 122. By the end face of the oil guiding device 13 itself abutting against and limiting the second boss 122, a special limiting structure does not need to be provided, simplifying the structure of the oil guiding device 13.

[0077] Further, an oil distribution groove 115 is provided in the housing 11. The outlet 131 of the oil guiding device 13 cooperates with the oil distribution groove 115. The lubricating oil flowing out of the oil guiding device 13 can enter the oil distribution groove 115 of the housing 11 and be redistributed in the oil distribution groove 115, so that at least two lubrication-required parts in the reducer 1 can be effectively lubricated, improving the effective utilization rate of the lubricating oil.

[0078] Further, the oil distribution groove 115 is provided above the first bearing position 113 and the second bearing position 114. The first bearing position 113 and the oil distribution groove 115 are interconnected through a first diversion portion 1151. The second bearing position 114 and the oil distribution groove 115 are interconnected through a second diversion portion 1152, so that the lubricating oil in the oil distribution groove 115 enters the first bearing position 113 and the second bearing position 114 according to a predetermined ratio to complete lubrication. In addition, since the first diversion portion 1151 and the second diversion portion 1152 are located below the oil distribution groove 115, the lubricating oil in the oil distribution groove 115 can enter the first diversion portion 1151 and the second diversion portion 1152 as completely as possible under the action of gravity, avoiding excessive lubricating oil remaining in the oil distribution groove 115 and reducing the actual utilization rate of the lubricating oil.

[0079] Furthermore, the oil guide device 13 includes a receiving portion 132 and a flow guide portion 133 which are interconnected. The flow guide portion 133 cooperates with the oil distribution groove 115, and the lubricating oil of the flow guide portion 133 flows into the oil distribution groove 115 along the outlet 131 for redistribution. The receiving portion 132 is located at a section of the flow guide portion 133 close to the end cover 12, and the receiving portion 132 is convexly arranged on at least one side of the flow guide portion 133 along its own width, so that a section of the oil guide device 13 close to the end cover 12 has a larger opening area, so that more lubricating oil can be thrown into the oil guide device 13.

[0080] Furthermore, the oil guide device 13 has a convex structure on the side where the lubricating oil is thrown in, and has a flat structure on the side away from the lubricating oil. For example, the guide portion 133 is provided with the receiving portion 132 only on the side where the lubricating oil is thrown in, and the guide portion 133 is not provided with the receiving portion 132 on the side away from the lubricating oil. The lubricating oil thrown in can be effectively received, and the overall volume of the oil guide device 13 can be reasonably controlled.

[0081] Furthermore, the guide portion 133 gradually tilts downward in a direction away from the receiving portion 132 to increase the liquid flow rate of the guide portion 133, so that the lubricating oil can quickly flow into the housing 11 to play a lubricating role. In a direction close to the guide portion 133, the receiving portion 132 gradually tilts downward, so that the lubricating oil received by the guide device can be quickly gathered to the guide portion 133, avoiding excessive lubricating oil remaining in the guide device.

[0082] In addition, if Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present application further provides a vehicle, which includes any one of the reducers 1 provided in the embodiments of the present application.

[0083] Furthermore, the vehicle provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a motor 2, an electric control 3, a reducer 1 and a fastener 4. The electric control 3 is arranged at one end of the motor 2, and the end of the electric control 3 facing the motor 1 is connected to a first end cover, and the reducer 1 is arranged at the other end of the motor 2, together forming an electric drive assembly of the vehicle; the fastener 4 is passed through the motor 2, and the two ends of the fastener 4 are respectively connected to the first end cover of the electric control 2 and the reducer 1, so as to connect the motor 2, the electric control 3 and the reducer 1 into a whole, so that the electric drive assembly forms a compact integrated structure, reduces the size occupied by the electric drive assembly, and thus increases the actual use space of the vehicle.

[0084] In addition, in the embodiments of the present application, the same fastener 4 is used to connect the motor 2, the electronic control unit 3, and the reducer 1 at the same time, instead of separately arranging fastening connectors between the motor 2 and the electronic control unit 3, and between the motor 2 and the reducer 1. This reduces the number of components and improves the assembly efficiency of the electric drive assembly. Moreover, since the two ends of the fastener 4 are respectively connected to the electronic control unit 3 and the reducer 1, the motor 2 does not directly interact with the fastener 4. The electronic control unit 3 and the reducer 1 are brought closer to each other and clamp the motor 2, so that the overall force on the motor 2 is more uniform, and the service life of the motor 2 is extended.

[0085] Specifically, the electronic control unit 3, the motor 2, and the reducer 1 are arranged in sequence along the axial direction. The fastener 4 extends along the axial direction and connects the first end cover of the electronic control unit 3, the housing of the motor 2, and the housing of the reducer 1 to form an integral whole on the outside. The fastener 4 can be a stud, a screw, a bolt, etc. The number of fasteners 4 is multiple, and the fasteners 4 are arranged in sequence along the circumferential direction to ensure a stable and reliable connection of the electronic control unit 3, the motor 2, and the reducer 1.

[0086] In one embodiment, the fastener 4 is a bolt. The motor 2 is provided with a first through hole, the first end cover is provided with a second through hole, and the reducer 1 is provided with a threaded hole. The bolt passes through the second through hole and the first through hole in sequence and is connected to the threaded hole. The structure on the side of the first end cover away from the motor 2 is simple and has a large installation space. The bolt penetrates into the second through hole on the first end cover, making the assembly operation of the electric drive assembly more convenient.

[0087] Furthermore, the output shaft of the motor 2 extends into the reducer 1 to form the power input end of the reducer 1. For example, the first-stage driving gear 14 of the reducer 1 is directly installed on or integrally formed with the output shaft of the motor 2. Thus, the motor 2 and the reducer 1 are internally connected to form an integral whole, and there is no need to set up a power transmission structure such as a transmission shaft between the motor 2 and the reducer 1, shortening the power transmission path and reducing energy loss.

[0088] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present application and are not used to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A speed reducer, characterized in that, Comprising: A housing; An end cover detachably connected to the housing; An oil guiding device clamped between the housing and the end cover, the oil guiding device comprising a first mounting portion and a second mounting portion arranged opposite to each other, the first mounting portion being connected to the housing and the second mounting portion being connected to the end cover.

2. The speed reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that, A first mounting hole is provided in the housing, and the first mounting portion comprises a first mounting pin which is in plug-in fit with the first mounting hole.

3. The speed reducer according to claim 2, wherein A first boss is provided in the housing, and the first mounting hole is provided in the first boss; The first mounting portion comprises a limiting base, the first mounting pin protrudes from the limiting base, and the limiting base abuts against the first boss.

4. The speed reducer according to claim 1, wherein The end cover is provided with a second mounting hole, and the second mounting portion comprises a second mounting pin which is in plug-in fit with the second mounting hole.

5. The speed reducer according to claim 4, wherein A second boss is provided on the surface of the end cover, and the second mounting hole is provided in the second boss; The second mounting portion comprises a limiting end face, the second mounting pin protrudes from the limiting end face, and the limiting end face abuts against the second boss.

6. The speed reducer according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The housing is provided with adjacent first and second bearing positions, and an oil distribution groove is provided above the first and second bearing positions; The outlet of the oil guiding device is matched with the oil distribution groove, the first bearing position and the oil distribution groove are interconnected through a first diversion portion, and the second bearing position and the oil distribution groove are interconnected through a second diversion portion.

7. The speed reducer according to claim 6, characterized in that, The oil guiding device comprises a receiving portion and a guiding portion which are interconnected, the guiding portion is matched with the oil distribution groove, the receiving portion is located at a section of the guiding portion close to the end cover, and the receiving portion protrudes from at least one side of the guiding portion along its width.

8. The speed reducer according to claim 7, characterized in that, Along the direction away from the end cover, the guiding portion gradually slopes downwards; Along the direction close to the guiding portion, the receiving portion gradually slopes downwards.

9. The speed reducer according to claim 6, wherein The oil guiding device has a convex structure on the side where the lubricating oil is thrown in, and a flat structure on the side opposite to the side where the lubricating oil is thrown in.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, Including the speed reducer according to any one of claims 1-9.

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