Lubricating structure for speed reducer

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of electric automobile speed reducers, and particularly discloses a lubricating structure for a speed reducer, which comprises an oil pipe mounted in a speed reducer shell, the oil pipe is communicated with an oil duct of a speed reducer upper shell and an oil duct of a speed reducer lower shell, and a plurality of spraying holes are formed in the oil pipe. And the plurality of spraying holes are respectively arranged facing a gear and a bearing on the speed reducer. The speed reducer can improve the lubricating and cooling efficiency and meet the strict requirements of a high-rotating-speed motor on the performance of the speed reducer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of electric vehicle speed reducers, and particularly relates to a lubrication structure for a speed reducer. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of electric vehicle technology, more and more electric vehicles use high-performance and high-speed motors. Therefore, it is required to improve the cooling and lubrication efficiency of the internal bearings and gears of the speed reducer.

[0003] The existing lubrication and cooling structures are as follows:

[0004] 1. The gears are lubricated and cooled by splash lubrication, and this structure cannot meet the lubrication and cooling requirements of high-speed and high-torque speed reducers.

[0005] 2. The lubricating oil flows into the oil guide groove to lubricate the bearings. This structure cannot distribute the lubricating oil according to the different lubricating oil requirements of different bearings, and when the vehicle is moving obliquely, the lubricating oil cannot completely flow into the oil guide groove, resulting in low lubrication efficiency.

[0006] 3. The oil channels of the two speed reducer housings are connected through at the mating surface of the housings. Usually, sealant is applied around the oil channels to prevent lubricating oil from leaking at the mating surface. This oil channel structure has high requirements for the spatial layout in the housing design. At the same time, due to the complex oil channel structure, the oil channel processing is difficult, and the oil leakage phenomenon of the lubricating oil at the mating surface of the housing cannot be completely eliminated. Content of the Utility Model

[0007] The utility model provides a lubrication structure for a speed reducer, aiming to improve the lubrication and cooling efficiency and meet the strict requirements of high-speed motors for the performance of the speed reducer.

[0008] The utility model is realized by the following technical scheme: A lubrication structure for a speed reducer includes an oil pipe installed in the speed reducer housing. The oil pipe communicates with the oil channels of the upper speed reducer housing and the lower speed reducer housing. A plurality of spray holes are opened on the oil pipe, and the plurality of spray holes are respectively arranged facing the gears and bearings on the speed reducer.

[0009] In this scheme, the plurality of spray hole diameters on the oil pipe are respectively arranged facing the gears and bearings on the speed reducer. Thus, by spraying oil through the spray holes on the corresponding oil pipes, the lubrication and cooling of the gear meshing part, the gear tooth surface and the bearing can be accurately carried out, greatly improving the lubrication and cooling efficiency, and thus meeting the strict requirements of high-speed motors for the performance of the speed reducer.

[0010] In addition, in this solution, an oil pipe is installed inside the reducer to replace the oil passage on the reducer housing to connect the oil circuit between the upper housing and the lower housing of the reducer, reducing the strict requirements of the housing for the spatial structure layout of the oil passage, the processing difficulty of the oil passage, and preventing lubricating oil from leaking at the mating surface of the reducer housing.

[0011] Furthermore, a fixing plate is connected to the oil pipe, and the fixing plate is connected to the reducer housing.

[0012] Beneficial effect: The setting of the fixing plate in this solution facilitates fixing the oil pipe on the reducer housing, ensuring the installation stability of the oil pipe, and thus guaranteeing the reliability of the oil pipe during movement.

[0013] Furthermore, an oil guiding groove is provided on the reducer housing, and the bearing holes in the reducer housing are connected through the oil guiding groove. Bearings are installed in the bearing holes in the reducer housing, and an oil baffle is also installed in the bearing holes. An oil collecting space is formed between the oil baffle and the bottom of the bearing hole, and an oil outlet hole is provided on the oil baffle.

[0014] Beneficial effect: The oil baffle in this solution can play a role in blocking and restricting the flow of the lubricating oil in the oil collecting space. The cavity formed between the oil baffle and the oil collecting space can store the oil volume, enabling a part of the lubricating oil to slowly flow out through the oil outlet hole to lubricate the bearing located above the oil baffle, and at the same time guiding the lubricating oil in the oil collecting space to another bearing through the oil guiding groove for lubrication.

[0015] Furthermore, the oil outlet hole has one or two or more than two. When there are two or more than two oil outlet holes, the oil outlet holes are distributed circumferentially along the oil baffle.

[0016] Beneficial effect: The number of oil outlet holes in this solution can be reasonably selected according to the reducer with different functions, so that the stored oil volume in the oil collecting space can be distributed according to the oil volume requirements of different bearings, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing oil volume loss.

[0017] Furthermore, a oil baffle support is connected to one side of the oil baffle, and the oil baffle support is buckled on the oil guiding groove.

[0018] Beneficial effect: When the lubricating oil flows through the oil passage to the lower part of the corresponding bearing position for lubrication and cooling in this solution, an oil baffle is installed below the bearing. The oil baffle support on the oil baffle is used to block and transport the lubricating oil along the designed oil guiding groove, preventing the lubricating oil from flowing out during the inclined movement of the whole vehicle, resulting in poor cooling effect, thereby improving the lubrication and cooling efficiency of the bearing position and reducing the loss of oil volume.

[0019] Furthermore, the oil baffle support and the oil baffle are integrally formed.

[0020] Beneficial effects: Such a setting facilitates manufacturing and processing and makes the structure of the whole part stable.

[0021] Further, an annular rib is integrally formed at one end of the oil baffle bracket, and a plurality of ribs are integrally formed inside the annular rib.

[0022] Beneficial effects: In this solution, the oil baffle and the oil baffle bracket are integrally injection-molded parts. The design of the annular rib and the ribs in this solution can effectively prevent the parts from deforming during the injection molding process, and at the same time can increase the overall strength of the parts.

[0023] Further, two-stage stepped holes are formed in the bearing hole, namely a first-stage stepped hole and a second-stage stepped hole. The bearing is installed on the first-stage stepped hole, and the oil baffle is installed on the second-stage stepped hole.

[0024] Beneficial effects: In this solution, two-stage stepped holes are provided in the bearing hole, which is convenient for installing the support bearing and the oil baffle respectively.

[0025] Further, the oil baffle is in clearance fit with the second-stage stepped hole.

[0026] Beneficial effects: Such a setting is convenient for assembly, and at the same time avoids too much pressure generated by too tight assembly between the two, thus ensuring safety. And the clearance fit between the two in this solution can allow lubricating oil to enter through the gap, avoiding the accumulation of lubricating oil.

[0027] Further, one end edge of the oil baffle extends outward, and the end of the oil baffle that extends outward faces the bearing.

[0028] Beneficial effects: In this solution, the part where the edge of the oil baffle extends outward makes the oil baffle form a cover-like structure, which has the function of caching lubricating oil. It can enter the space where the oil baffle extends to cache and play a role in containing and enclosing the lubricating oil, so that the lubricating oil entering from the oil outlet hole can effectively lubricate the bearing.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present utility model has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0030] 1. The lubricating oil can be accurately sprayed on the gear meshing part through the oil pipe, greatly improving the gear cooling effect. At the same time, the aperture size, quantity and angle of the spray holes of the oil pipe can be designed and adjusted according to actual needs.

[0031] 2. The oil baffle bracket above the oil guide groove can prevent the lubricating oil from not effectively flowing to the corresponding bearing position when the whole vehicle is moving obliquely, greatly improving the lubrication and cooling efficiency.

[0032] 3. The design of installing the oil baffle and the oil outlet hole can distribute the lubricating oil according to the different requirements of the lubrication object for the oil quantity, greatly reducing the oil quantity loss.

[0033] 4. Connect the oil circuits of the housing with oil pipes, which reduces the difficulty of the requirements for the housing space and oil passage machining during the design of the reducer housing. At the same time, it can completely prevent oil leakage at the joint surface of the traditional oil passage in the housing. Description of the Drawings

[0034] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, form a part of this application, and do not limit the embodiments of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0035] Figure 1 is the front view of the reducer in the embodiment of the lubrication structure for a reducer of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 is the perspective view of the oil pipe in the embodiment of the lubrication structure for a reducer of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 is the perspective view of the cooperation between the oil pipe and the upper housing in the embodiment of the lubrication structure for a reducer of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 is the schematic diagram of the cooperation between the oil pipe and the gears and bearings in the embodiment of the lubrication structure for a reducer of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 is the top view of the cooperation between the oil baffle, the oil baffle support and the bearing hole and the oil guiding groove in the embodiment of the lubrication structure for a reducer of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6 is the perspective Figure 1 ;

[0041] Figure 7 is the perspective Figure 2 ;

[0042] Figure 8 is the partial cross-sectional view of the installation of the bearing and the oil baffle in the bearing hole in the embodiment of the lubrication structure for a reducer of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 9 is the top view of the reducer in the embodiment of the lubrication structure for a reducer of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 10 is Figure 9 the cross-sectional view at M-M in

[0045] The labels in the drawings and the corresponding component names:

[0046] Upper housing 1, lower housing 2, oil pipe 3, fixing plate 301, spray holes 302, oil baffle 4, oil baffle bracket 401, oil outlet hole 402, rib 403, annular rib 404, bearing hole 5, oil guide groove 6, first-stage stepped hole 7, second-stage stepped hole 701, gear set 8, bearing 9, mating surface 10, oil passage 11, oil collecting space 12. Detailed implementation manners

[0047] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model clearer and more understandable, the present utility model will be further described in detail below in combination with embodiments and drawings. The illustrative embodiments of the present utility model and their descriptions are only used to explain the present utility model and shall not be construed as limiting the present utility model.

[0048] Embodiment

[0049] As Figures 1 - 4 shown, this embodiment provides a lubrication structure for a speed reducer, including an oil pipe 3 installed in the speed reducer housing. The speed reducer housing includes an upper housing 1 and a lower housing 2 that are buckled and connected to each other. In this embodiment, the oil pipe 3 communicates with the oil passage 11 of the upper housing 1 and the lower housing 2 of the speed reducer. A plurality of spray holes 302 are provided on the oil pipe 3, and the plurality of spray holes 302 are respectively arranged facing the gears and bearings 9 on the speed reducer. The number of spray holes 302 can also be adaptively designed according to the different positions of the gears and bearings 9 inside different speed reducers.

[0050] The shape and structure of the oil pipe 3 can be adaptively designed according to the shape and function of different speed reducers. In this embodiment, the shape of the oil pipe 3 is taken as an example of an h shape for illustration. In this embodiment, the oil pipe 3 has three interfaces, and the three interfaces of the oil pipe 3 can be connected to penetrate multiple oil paths. A fixing plate 301 is connected to the oil pipe 3, and the fixing plate 301 is connected to the speed reducer housing. Specifically: through holes are provided on the fixing plate 301. As Figure 3 shown, the oil pipe 3 is fixedly connected to the speed reducer housing through the fixing plate 301 by screws or bolts, so as to ensure the stability and reliability of the oil pipe 3 during the operation of the vehicle.

[0051] The position or oil quantity of the lubricating oil sprayed by the spray holes 302 can be correspondingly designed according to the actual positions and actual oil quantity requirements of the gears and bearings 9 in the speed reducer, so that the angle of the spray holes 302 or the aperture size and number of the spray holes 302 meet the design requirements. As Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown, in this embodiment, four spray holes 302 are provided on the oil pipe 3, and the four spray holes 302 respectively correspond to different gears and bearings 9. The spray holes 302 can be directed at the gear surface or at the gear meshing position, and can be designed and adjusted according to actual requirements in practice.

[0052] Combined with Figure 3As shown, an oil guiding groove 6 is provided on the reducer housing, and the bearing holes 5 in the reducer housing are communicated through the oil guiding groove 6. Lubricating oil flows into the diversion groove to lubricate the bearing 9. Combined with Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, in this embodiment, a bearing 9 is installed in the bearing hole 5 in the reducer housing, and an oil baffle 4 is also installed in the bearing hole 5. Combined with Figure 8 As shown, an oil collecting space 12 is formed between the oil baffle 4 and the bottom of the bearing hole 5. The oil baffle 4 is provided with an oil outlet hole 402. The oil outlet hole 402 has one or two or more than two. When the oil outlet hole 402 has two or more than two, the oil outlet holes 402 are circumferentially spaced along the oil baffle 4.

[0053] In this embodiment, according to different reducers, the number and aperture size of the oil outlet holes 402 on the oil baffle 4 can be correspondingly designed, so that the stored oil volume in the oil collecting space 12 can be distributed according to the oil volume requirements of different bearings 9.

[0054] Combined with Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, one side of the oil baffle 4 is connected with an oil baffle support 401, and the oil baffle support 401 is buckled on the oil guiding groove 6. In this way, when the vehicle is moving obliquely, it can block the lubricating oil flowing into the oil guiding groove 6 and still effectively transport the lubricating oil in the oil guiding groove 6 to the corresponding bearing 9 position, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing oil loss.

[0055] In this embodiment, the oil baffle support 401 and the oil baffle 4 are integrally injection molded, and one end of the oil baffle support 401 is integrally formed with an annular rib 404. A plurality of rib strips 403 are integrally formed inside the annular rib 404. The plurality of rib strips 403, the annular rib 404 and the rib strips 403 are all integrally injection molded with the oil baffle support 401. In this embodiment, the design of the annular rib 404 and the rib strips 403 can enhance the structural strength of the entire oil baffle 4 and effectively prevent the parts from deforming during the injection molding process. In this embodiment, the oil outlet holes 402 are opened on the outer circumference of the annular rib 404.

[0056] Combined with Figure 3 and Figure 8 As shown, in this embodiment, two-stage stepped holes are provided in the bearing hole 5, namely a first-stage stepped hole 7 and a second-stage stepped hole 701. The bearing 9 is installed on the first-stage stepped hole 7, and the oil baffle 4 is installed on the second-stage stepped hole 701. In this embodiment, the oil baffle 4 and the second-stage stepped hole 701 are in clearance fit. Combined with Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, one end edge of the oil baffle 4 extends outward, and the outward-extending end of the oil baffle 4 faces the bearing 9, so that the oil baffle 4 forms a cover-like structure, and a cavity for accommodating lubricating oil is formed between the edge of the oil baffle 4 and the oil baffle 4 itself. The extended part of the edge of the oil baffle 4 has a clearance fit with the secondary stepped hole 701. This not only facilitates assembly but also enables the lubricating oil in the oil collecting space 12 to flow out through the gap between the oil baffle 4 and the secondary stepped hole 701. This gap has a pressure relief function, preventing excessive pressure from being generated due to too tight an assembly between the oil baffle 4 and the secondary stepped hole 701 and affecting the stability of the internal system.

[0057] The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0058] Combined with Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, in this embodiment, the H-shaped oil pipe 3 is inserted and installed in the oil passages 11 of the upper housing 1 and the lower housing 2 of the reducer. To ensure the reliability of the oil pipe 3 during movement, the fixing plate 301 on the oil pipe 3 is fixed in the upper housing 1 by bolts. The lubricating oil in the reducer flows into the oil pipe 3 through the oil passage 11 in the upper housing 1, and the oil pipe 3 transports the lubricating oil to the oil passage 11 in the lower housing 2, thus connecting the oil circuits between the upper and lower housings 2.

[0059] Connecting the oil circuits between the upper housing 1 and the lower housing 2 of the reducer with the oil pipe 3 reduces the requirements for the external envelope space when designing the housing oil passage 11, simplifies the spatial structure of the reducer and the design and machining difficulty of the complex oil passage 11. At the same time, since the oil pipe 3 connecting the oil circuits is inside the reducer housing, even if a small amount of lubricating oil flows out from the oil guiding groove 6 during movement, the leaked oil remains inside the reducer housing, completely eliminating the oil leakage problem that occurs at the housing mating surface 10 of the traditional oil passage 11.

[0060] The lubricating oil in the speed reducer enters the oil pipe 3 from the speed reducer housing oil passage 11 through the operation of the electronic oil pump and heat exchanger on the speed reducer. At this time, the lubricating oil has a certain pressure in the oil pipe 3. When the lubricating oil flows to the spray holes 302 on the oil pipe 3, it can accurately spray the lubricating oil to the gear meshing position and the corresponding bearing hole 5, thus completing the lubrication and cooling of this stage of gears and bearings. The position or amount of the sprayed lubricating oil can be adjusted by adjusting the angle, size, or number of the spray holes 302 to achieve the purpose.

[0061] An oil inlet hole communicating with the oil passage 11 is provided at the bottom of the bearing hole 5. The lubricating oil flows through the oil inlet hole in the oil passage 11 into the oil collecting space 12 below the oil baffle 4. An oil outlet hole 402 is machined on the oil baffle 4. The oil baffle 4 and the secondary stepped hole 701 are installed below the bearing 9 through clearance fit. The oil retaining bracket 401 on the oil baffle 4 covers the upper part of the oil guiding groove 6. Part of the lubricating oil in the oil collecting space 12 lubricates the upper bearing 9 through the oil outlet hole 402, and part of it flows to another bearing 9 through the oil guiding groove 6 for lubrication and cooling.

[0062] Among them, according to different reducers, the aperture size and quantity of the oil outlet holes 402 can be correspondingly designed to achieve the purpose of distributing the lubricating oil quantity in the oil collecting space 12. Through the oil retaining bracket 401 on the oil baffle 4, the purpose that the lubricating oil in the oil guiding groove 6 can still be effectively transported to the corresponding bearing 9 position when the vehicle is moving obliquely can be achieved, thereby reducing oil quantity loss and improving lubrication efficiency.

[0063] It should be noted that the above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art. The general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

[0064] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used for distinguishing descriptions and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0065] In the description of this document, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "middle", "vertical", "horizontal", "lateral", "longitudinal", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only used to illustrate the relative positional relationship between each component or component part, and does not particularly limit the specific installation orientation of each component or component part.

[0066] In the description of this document, in addition to being able to represent the orientation or positional relationship, some terms may also be used to represent other meanings. For example, the term "upper" may also be used to represent a certain attachment relationship or connection relationship in some cases. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of these terms in the present application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0067] In the description of this document, the terms "installed", "set up", "provided with", "connected", and "linked" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or there can be internal communication between two devices, components, or parts. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0068] In the drawings of this application, the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. are only used to cooperate with the content disclosed in this technical disclosure document for those of ordinary skill in the art to understand and read, and are not used to limit the implementable conditions of this application. Therefore, they do not have technical substantive significance. Any modification of the structure, change in the proportional relationship, or adjustment of the size, without affecting the effects that this application can produce and the purposes that can be achieved, should still fall within the scope covered by the technical content disclosed in this application.

[0069] The terms used in this document are those general terms that are currently widely used in the art in consideration of the functions of this disclosure. However, these terms can change according to the intentions of those of ordinary skill in the art, precedents, or new technologies in the art. In addition, specific terms can be selected by the applicant, and in this case, their detailed meanings will be described in the detailed description of this disclosure. Therefore, the terms used in the document should not be understood as simple names, but rather based on the meanings of the terms and the overall description of this disclosure.

[0070] Flowcharts or text are used in this document to illustrate the operation steps performed according to the embodiments of this application. It should be understood that the operation steps in the embodiments of this application do not necessarily need to be precisely executed in the recorded order. On the contrary, as needed, they can be executed in reverse order or processed simultaneously. At the same time, other operations can also be added to these processes, or one or several steps of operations can be removed from these processes.

[0071] The above are only the preferred embodiments of this application and are not used to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A lubrication structure for a speed reducer, characterized in that, It includes an oil pipe installed inside the reducer housing. The oil pipe connects the oil passages of the upper housing and the lower housing of the reducer. Multiple spray holes are provided on the oil pipe, and the multiple spray holes are respectively arranged facing the gears and bearings on the reducer; an oil guiding groove is provided on the reducer housing, and the bearing holes inside the reducer housing are connected through the oil guiding groove. Bearings are installed in the bearing holes inside the reducer housing, and an oil baffle is also installed in the bearing holes. An oil collecting space is formed between the oil baffle and the bottom of the bearing hole, and an oil outlet hole is provided on the oil baffle.

2. A lubrication structure for a speed reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that, A fixing plate is connected to the oil pipe, and the fixing plate is connected to the reducer housing.

3. A lubrication structure for a speed reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The oil outlet hole has one or two or more than two. When there are two or more than two oil outlet holes, the oil outlet holes are distributed circumferentially along the oil baffle.

4. A lubrication structure for a speed reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that, An oil baffle support is connected to one side of the oil baffle, and the oil baffle support is buckled on the oil guiding groove.

5. A lubrication structure for a speed reducer according to claim 4, characterized in that, The oil baffle support and the oil baffle are integrally formed.

6. The lubrication structure for a speed reducer according to claim 5, wherein, An annular rib is integrally formed at one end of the oil baffle support, and multiple ribs are integrally formed inside the annular rib.

7. A lubrication structure for a speed reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two-stage stepped holes are provided in the bearing hole, namely a first-stage stepped hole and a second-stage stepped hole. The bearing is installed on the first-stage stepped hole, and the oil baffle is installed on the second-stage stepped hole.

8. A lubrication structure for a speed reducer according to claim 7, characterized in that, A clearance fit is provided between the oil baffle and the second-stage stepped hole.

9. A lubrication structure for a speed reducer according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, One end edge of the oil baffle extends outwards, and the end of the oil baffle that extends outwards is arranged facing the bearing.

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