Water-cooled reciprocating grate
By designing alternately distributed water-cooled reciprocating grate, using water-cooled coil pipes and heat dissipation fins, uniform air volume distribution and efficient heat exchange are achieved, and the problems of poor sealing and uneven air volume distribution of water-cooled vibrating grate are solved, which improves boiler efficiency and stability and reduces manufacturing costs.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422027728.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-21
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-04
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-08-21
AI Technical Summary
The existing water-cooled vibrating furnace has poor sealing when incinerating high-calorie materials, and the air volume distribution of the bed is uneven, resulting in increased heat loss of system smoke exhaust, high power consumption of the fan, affecting the boiler efficiency, and there is a risk of cooling water leakage.
A water-cooled reciprocating grate is designed, using alternately distributed movable grates and fixed grates. The fixed grates are composed of grates, with water-cooled coils and heat dissipation fins inside. They are driven by hydraulics, combined with inclined layout, and set up inlet jellyfish pipes and circulating water tanks to achieve uniform air volume distribution and efficient heat exchange.
Effectively control the furnace temperature, avoid material coking, improve air volume distribution uniformity, reduce system heat loss, reduce fan power consumption, reduce manufacturing costs, and ensure stable operation of the grate.
Smart Images
Figure CN223063859U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the field of solid waste incineration, in particular to a water-cooled reciprocating grate. Background Art
[0002] Incineration is one of the important ways for the resource utilization, reduction and harmless treatment of solid wastes such as biomass, domestic waste and industrial waste. By incinerating solid wastes in an incinerator, the volume can be reduced by more than 80%. At the same time, the ash residue generated after incineration can be used in the construction industry, converting harmful substances into harmless substances to avoid environmental pollution and realizing resource utilization at the same time. Due to the different types, components and characteristics of biomass, domestic waste and industrial waste, it is necessary to select appropriate incinerator types and grates for corresponding treatment. For high calorific value materials or materials with low ash melting point, conventional air-cooled grates cannot meet the use requirements, and for such materials, water-cooled grates are more applicable. Specifically, when incinerating high calorific value materials, the cooling effect of the water-cooling method is better than that of air-cooling, which can effectively avoid the burning damage of the grate. When incinerating materials with low ash melting point, the water-cooled grate can effectively control the temperature of the furnace bed and avoid coking.
[0003] Although the existing water-cooled vibrating grates can solve the above-mentioned incineration requirements for special materials, due to the continuous vibration of the grates and the limitation of the vibration structure, their sealing performance is poor, the air volume distribution of the bed layer is very uneven, and the combustion condition of the furnace bed cannot be well controlled. At the same time, due to a large amount of uncontrolled air supply, it will increase the heat loss of the system exhaust gas, increase the power consumption of the fan, reduce the boiler efficiency and affect the economy.
[0004] Therefore, there is a need for a method or device that can solve the above problems now. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The utility model is proposed to solve the above-mentioned deficiencies existing in the prior art, and provides a water-cooled reciprocating grate with a simple structure, ingenious design, reasonable layout, which can effectively control the temperature of the grate when incinerating high calorific value materials and prevent material coking.
[0006] The technical solution of the utility model is: a water-cooled reciprocating grate, which includes a plurality of movable grates 2 and a plurality of fixed grates 3 arranged in an air chamber 1, and the movable grates 2 and the fixed grates 3 are alternately distributed. All the movable grates 2 are driven by a hydraulic driving device 4. It is characterized in that: the fixed grate 3 is composed of a plurality of grate plates. The grate plate includes a grate plate cover 5 fixedly connected to a cover plate fixing beam 15. A grate plate bottom plate 6 is arranged on the bottom end surface of the grate plate cover 5. The grate plate bottom plate 6 is fixedly connected to a bottom plate fixing beam 7. A water-cooled coil 8 is arranged in the grate plate cover 5, and the water-cooled coils 8 in adjacent grate plates are communicated with each other.
[0007] Inside the air chamber 1, there are also a water inlet header 9 and a water return header 10 respectively located on both sides of the movable grate 2 and the fixed grate 3. The water inlet header 9 is connected in parallel with the inlets of the water-cooled coils 8 in all the fixed grates 3, and the water return header 10 is connected in parallel with the outlets of the water-cooled coils 8 in all the fixed grates 3.
[0008] The inlet of the water inlet header 9 is connected to the outlet of the water pump 11, the inlet of the water pump 11 is connected to the circulation water tank 12, the outlet end of the water return header 10 is connected to the hot working medium inlet of the preheater 13, and the cold working medium outlet of the preheater 13 is connected to the circulation water tank 12 through a pipeline.
[0009] The water-cooled coil 8 is made of seamless steel pipe, and there are also heat dissipation fins 14 in contact with the water-cooled coil 8 inside the grate plate cover 5.
[0010] There is a ventilation gap left between adjacent grate plates.
[0011] The whole reciprocating grate is an inclined grate.
[0012] The height of the fixed grate 3 is H1, and the height of the movable grate 2 is H2, then 0.5H1 < H2 < H1.
[0013] Pressure sensors, temperature sensors and flow meters are arranged on both the water inlet header 9 and the water return header 10.
[0014] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:
[0015] The water-cooled reciprocating grate of this structural form has a simple structure, ingenious design and reasonable layout. Aiming at various problems existing in the traditional water-cooled vibrating grate during the working process, a special structure is designed. It is provided with water-cooled coils inside the fixed grate, and the heat transfer efficiency is improved through the heat dissipation fins 14. This structure can make the air volume distribution on the furnace bed more uniform, and the combustion state of the combustibles remain consistent, thus avoiding the phenomena of local high temperature or material breakage, and ensuring the normal and stable operation of the grate.
[0016] And the fixed grate plates in this grate are formed by splicing two castings up and down to form a channel for the water-cooled coil. Therefore, the water-cooled coil can be laid separately, avoiding a large amount of welding work of water-cooled pipes in the integral structure and the situation of easy leakage of cooling water during operation;
[0017] At the same time, the manufacturing process of this grate is simple and the manufacturing cost is low. Therefore, it can be said that it has various advantages and is especially suitable for popularization and application in this field, and its market prospect is very broad. Description of the Drawings
[0018] Figure 1It is the overall layout diagram of the embodiment of the present utility model.
[0019] Figure 2 It is the cross-sectional view of the air chamber part of the embodiment of the present utility model.
[0020] Figure 3 It is the top view of the fixed grate part of the embodiment of the present utility model.
[0021] Figure 4 It is the side cross-sectional view of the grate sheet part of the embodiment of the present utility model. Detailed implementation manners
[0022] The following will describe the detailed implementation manners of the present utility model in conjunction with the drawings. As Figures 1 to 4 shown: A water-cooled reciprocating grate includes a plurality of movable grates 2 and a plurality of fixed grates 3 arranged in the air chamber 1, and the movable grates 2 and the fixed grates 3 are alternately distributed. All the movable grates 2 are driven by a hydraulic driving device 4. Its characteristics are: The fixed grate 3 is composed of a plurality of grate sheets. The grate sheet includes a grate sheet cover plate 5 fixedly connected to the cover plate fixing beam 15. A grate sheet bottom plate 6 is arranged on the bottom end surface of the grate sheet cover plate 5. The grate sheet bottom plate 6 is fixedly connected to the bottom plate fixing beam 7. A water-cooled coil 8 is arranged in the grate sheet cover plate 5. The water-cooled coils 8 in adjacent grate sheets are interconnected.
[0023] An inlet water main pipe 9 and a return water main pipe 10 are further arranged in the air chamber 1 on both sides of the movable grate 2 and the fixed grate 3 respectively. The inlet water main pipe 9 is connected in parallel with the inlets of the water-cooled coils 8 in all the fixed grates 3. The return water main pipe 10 is connected in parallel with the outlets of the water-cooled coils 8 in all the fixed grates 3.
[0024] The inlet of the inlet water main pipe 9 is connected to the outlet of a water pump 11. The inlet of the water pump 11 is connected to a circulation water tank 12. The outlet end of the return water main pipe 10 is connected to the hot working medium inlet of a preheater 13. The cold working medium outlet of the preheater 13 is connected to the circulation water tank 12 through a pipeline.
[0025] The water-cooled coil 8 is made of seamless steel pipe, and heat dissipation fins 14 in contact with the water-cooled coil 8 are further arranged in the grate sheet cover plate 5.
[0026] A ventilation gap is left between adjacent said grate sheets.
[0027] The whole of the reciprocating grate is an inclined grate.
[0028] The height of the fixed grate 3 is H1, and the height of the movable grate 2 is H2, then 0.5H1 < H2 < H1.
[0029] Pressure sensors, temperature sensors, and flow meters are provided on both the water inlet main pipe 9 and the water return main pipe 10.
[0030] The working process of the water-cooled reciprocating grate in the embodiment of the present invention is as follows: When this water-cooled reciprocating grate works, the hydraulic drive device 4 works, driving all the movable grates 2 to reciprocate relative to the fixed grate 3. The combustibles to be incinerated are pushed off the nth fixed grate 3 by the nth movable grate 2 and fall onto the (n - 1)th movable grate 2. When the (n - 1)th movable grate 2 retracts, the combustibles will be scraped onto the surface of the (n - 1)th fixed grate 3 by the nth fixed grate 3 and be pushed onto the surface of the (n - 2)th movable grate 2 when the (n - 1)th movable grate 2 extends again. This repeated action continues until the material is pushed out of the air chamber and enters the slag removal device.
[0031] During the working process of the grate, the water pump 11 works, pumping the water in the circulation water tank 12 into the water inlet main pipe 9. The water enters the water-cooled coils 8 provided in each group of fixed grates 3 through the water inlet main pipe 9. Since the water-cooled coils 8 are arranged in the grate plates and the water-cooled coils 8 are also in contact with the heat dissipation fins 14, this design can effectively improve the heat exchange efficiency. The water will absorb the heat on the grate plates and finally flow out through the water return main pipe 10. The water that has absorbed heat will enter the preheater 13 through the water return main pipe 10, enter the preheater 13 through the hot working medium inlet, and be discharged through the cold working medium outlet. Heat exchange is completed in the preheater 13. The preheater 13 uses this part of the heat to preheat the air entering the air chamber, and the cooled water returns to the circulation water tank 12 to complete the water circulation.
[0032] During the process of the cooling water circulation, the pressure sensors, temperature sensors, and flow meters provided on the water inlet main pipe 9 and the water return main pipe 10 will respectively monitor the water pressure, temperature, and flow rate of the water.
[0033] At the same time, in order to enable the movable grate 2 to also work at an appropriate temperature, this application also limits the height relationship between the movable grate 2 and the fixed grate 3, that is, the height H2 of the movable grate 2 is less than the height H1 of the fixed grate 3. In this grate, most of the movable grates 2 are located between the upper and lower fixed grates 3. Reducing the height of the movable grate 2 is equivalent to reducing the distance between the adjacent two fixed grates 3. In this way, when both of the adjacent two fixed grates 3 contain water-cooled structures, the movable grate 2 can also be cooled down.
Claims
1. A water-cooled reciprocating grate, comprising a plurality of movable grates (2) and a plurality of fixed grates (3) arranged in an air chamber (1), and the movable grates (2) and the fixed grates (3) are alternately distributed, and all the movable grates (2) are driven by a hydraulic driving device (4), characterized in that: The fixed grate (3) is composed of a plurality of grate plates. The grate plates include a grate plate cover (5) fixedly connected to the cover plate fixed beam (15). A grate plate bottom plate (6) is arranged on the bottom end surface of the grate plate cover (5). The grate plate bottom plate (6) is fixedly connected to the bottom plate fixed beam (7). A water-cooled coil (8) is arranged in the grate plate cover (5). The water-cooled coils (8) in adjacent grate plates are interconnected. An inlet water main pipe (9) and a return water main pipe (10) are further arranged in the air chamber (1) on both sides of the movable grate (2) and the fixed grate (3) respectively. The inlet water main pipe (9) is connected in parallel with the inlets of the water-cooled coils (8) in all the fixed grates (3). The return water main pipe (10) is connected in parallel with the outlets of the water-cooled coils (8) in all the fixed grates (3). The inlet of the inlet water main pipe (9) is connected to the outlet of a water pump (11). The inlet of the water pump (11) is connected to a circulation water tank (12). The outlet end of the return water main pipe (10) is communicated with the hot working medium inlet of a preheater (13). The cold working medium outlet of the preheater (13) is connected to the circulation water tank (12) through a pipeline.
2. The water-cooled reciprocating grate according to claim 1, wherein: The water-cooled coil (8) is made of seamless steel pipe. And heat dissipation fins (14) in contact with the water-cooled coil (8) are further arranged in the grate plate cover (5).
3. The water-cooled reciprocating grate according to claim 1, wherein: A ventilation gap is left between adjacent grate plates.
4. The water-cooled reciprocating grate according to claim 1, wherein: The reciprocating grate as a whole is an inclined grate.
5. The water-cooled reciprocating grate according to claim 1, wherein: The height of the fixed grate (3) is H1, and the height of the movable grate (2) is H2. Then 0.5H1 < H2 < H1.
6. The water-cooled reciprocating grate according to claim 1, characterized in that: Pressure sensors, temperature sensors and flow meters are arranged on both the inlet water main pipe (9) and the return water main pipe (10).