Impeller type feeding and mixing structure of centrifugal extractor and centrifugal extractor

Abstract

The impeller type feeding and mixing structure is characterized in that a rotary drum extending section which coaxially and synchronously rotates is arranged at the lower end of a rotary drum, the inner diameter of the rotary drum extending section is smaller than that of the rotary drum and is smaller than the pipe diameter which is defined by a light-phase weir plate and used for light-phase liquid to circulate, and the upper end of the rotary drum extending section is fixedly connected with the lower end of the rotary drum; the lower end of the extending section of the rotary drum is provided with a pressurizing impeller and two sets of blades of an integrated structure, the upper portion of the pressurizing impeller is provided with centrifugal blades and guides flow outwards from the center, and the lower portion of the pressurizing impeller is provided with centripetal blades and guides flow from the edge to the center. The impeller type mixing and feeding mechanism and the pressurizing impeller of an integrated structure are adopted to be matched with the flow guide plate, the precise and controllable mixing effect is achieved, various double-phase mixing systems can be effectively adapted by replacing the impeller, the adaptability is high, the mass transfer efficiency is high, the energy consumption is small, the stability is high, the structure is simple, and the machining difficulty is small.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of liquid - liquid extraction, and particularly relates to a centrifugal extractor, specifically a feeding and mixing structure of a centrifugal extractor. Background Art

[0002] A centrifugal extractor is a new - type, fast, and efficient liquid - liquid mixing and separation device. The centrifugal extractor uses an electric motor to drive a drum to rotate at a high speed. Two liquids with different densities and immiscible with each other complete mass transfer under the shearing force generated by the rotation of the drum or impeller, and are quickly separated under the action of the centrifugal force brought by the high - speed rotation of the drum. It is widely used in fields such as chemistry, pharmacy, and food, and is used to separate and purify organic solvents, compounds, or particles in liquid - phase mixtures.

[0003] Currently, most traditional single - stage centrifugal extractors on the market are cylindrical drums driven by an electric motor. A housing is arranged outside the drum, and the lower part of the drum is set as a mixing chamber. The mixing chamber is connected to a two - phase liquid inlet. The two - phase liquid enters the mixing chamber for shearing and mixing. After being fully mixed evenly, under the centrifugal action of the high - speed rotating drum, the two - phase liquids are forcibly separated in the clarification chamber, and flow through the light - phase weir plate and heavy - phase weir plate at the upper part of the drum respectively, and flow into the light - phase outlet and heavy - phase outlet to be sent out of the centrifugal extractor, realizing mass transfer during the mixing and centrifugation processes.

[0004] However, when most centrifugal extractors are in use, they are not always only used for two solvents. Different solvents have different degrees of emulsification difficulty and require different mixing intensities and mass - transfer effects. However, the current centrifugal extractors cannot meet this requirement. The mixing intensity of traditional centrifugal extractors is fixed and cannot be adjusted according to different solvents. Therefore, when needed, different specifications of centrifugal extractors can only be purchased, resulting in serious waste of resources. On the other hand, most of the existing centrifugal extractors are driven by axial - flow pumps, with a small feeding flow rate, a complex feeding structure, and a large processing difficulty. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] In order to solve the deficiencies of the prior art, the utility model proposes a replaceable - impeller - type feeding and mixing structure on a centrifugal extractor, which can achieve different mixing intensities by replacing the impeller, can improve the flux, and can adjust the mixing effect during the material transportation process.

[0006] The technical problems to be solved by the utility model are realized through the following technical solutions:

[0007] An impeller - type feeding and mixing structure of a centrifugal extractor is arranged at the lower part of the centrifugal extractor. The centrifugal extractor includes a rotating drum, and a shell is arranged outside the rotating drum. The shell and the rotating drum are rotationally sealed. A mixing chamber is arranged below the rotating drum, and the upper part of the rotating drum is a clarification chamber. A light - phase weir plate and a heavy - phase weir plate are arranged above the clarification chamber. In the present utility model, a rotating - drum extension section that rotates coaxially and synchronously is arranged at the lower end of the rotating drum. The inner diameter of the rotating - drum extension section is smaller than that of the rotating drum and smaller than the pipe diameter for the light - phase liquid to flow surrounded by the light - phase weir plate. The upper end of the rotating - drum extension section is fixedly connected to the lower end of the rotating drum. A boosting impeller is arranged at the lower end of the rotating - drum extension section. The boosting impeller has two groups of blades with an integral structure. The upper part of the boosting impeller is a centrifugal blade that guides the flow from the center to the edge, and the lower part is a centripetal blade that guides the flow from the edge to the center.

[0008] In the present utility model, a maintenance cover is arranged directly below the rotating - drum extension section of the shell. A static flow - guiding disc is arranged on the maintenance cover. The static flow - guiding disc is disc - shaped, and flow - guiding grooves are uniformly arranged on the static flow - guiding disc. The flow - guiding grooves are spiral and are annularly arrayed centered on the center axis of the static flow - guiding disc.

[0009] Further, the centripetal blades are annularly distributed. The upper part of the static flow - guiding disc is located in the circular vacancy at the center of the centripetal blades, and there is a clearance fit between the centripetal blades and the static flow - guiding disc.

[0010] In the present utility model, a reinforcing ring is arranged above the boosting impeller. The reinforcing ring is sleeved outside the rotating - drum extension section, and there is a clearance fit between the inner side of the reinforcing ring and the outer side of the rotating - drum extension section.

[0011] Further, the inner diameter of the rotating - drum extension section is smaller than that of the rotating drum and smaller than the pipe diameter for the light - phase liquid to flow surrounded by the light - phase weir plate. The connection between the upper end and the lower end of the rotating - drum extension section is stepped. A light - phase feed port and a heavy - phase feed port are arranged at the lower part of the shell. The lower part of the shell, the maintenance cover, and the reinforcing ring enclose a mixing chamber.

[0012] A centrifugal extractor includes a rotating drum. A shell is arranged outside the rotating drum. The upper part of the rotating drum is a clarification chamber. A light - phase weir plate and a heavy - phase weir plate are arranged above the clarification chamber, and a light - phase liquid outlet and a heavy - phase liquid outlet are connected through the light - phase weir plate and the heavy - phase weir plate. The above - mentioned impeller - type feeding and mixing structure is arranged at the lower part of the rotating drum, and the feeding and mixing structure communicates with the light - phase feed port and the heavy - phase feed port.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present utility model has the following advantages:

[0014] (1) In this application, an impeller - type mixing and feeding mechanism is adopted. The centrifugal blades push the incoming light - phase liquid and heavy - phase liquid towards the edge, and then the centripetal blades guide the flow towards the center. The two - phase liquids are fully mixed between the centripetal blades and the static flow - guiding disc, fully mass - transferred, and then are pushed into the clarification chamber for separation;

[0015] (2) The booster impeller of this application is a replaceable integral impeller, which enables the centrifugal blades in the upper part and the centripetal blades in the lower part to rotate synchronously to jointly disperse stress. It has strong stability, a simple structure, low processing difficulty. Moreover, during maintenance and replacement, after removing the inspection cover plate, different specifications of booster impellers can be disassembled and replaced. Different specifications of booster impellers can adapt to different mixing intensities and emulsification degrees. By replacing the centrifugal blades and centripetal blades at one time, the difficulty of replacement and calibration is greatly reduced;

[0016] (3) The booster impeller of this application is installed on the extension section of the rotating drum and rotates synchronously with the rotating drum, so that the head of the booster impeller for the liquid is much greater than the height of the extension section of the rotating drum. The booster impeller has sufficient driving force to send the two-phase liquid into the rotating drum for separation work;

[0017] (4) The rotating drum of this application adopts a stepped shape, which reduces energy consumption compared with the rotating drum of traditional centrifugal extractors. According to the calculation of the power consumption of the stirrer, N P = ε u d 5 n 3 ρ, where the power number ε of the stirrer u is a fixed value for each stirrer, the rotational speed n of the stirrer is generally also unchanged for each stirrer, and the medium density ρ can be determined. Then the only thing that can be adjusted is the diameter d of the stirrer, and it has a great influence on the power consumption of the stirrer; Devices that can force the convective and uniform mixing of liquid and gas media are collectively called stirrers. In this application, it is reflected on the rotating drum. The outer diameter or average outer diameter of the stepped or cylindrical shape is much smaller than the original outer diameter of the rotating drum. Therefore, the stepped rotating drum can effectively achieve the effect of reducing energy consumption compared with the traditional one.

[0018] Therefore, the utility model has novel ideas and ingenious designs. By replacing the impeller, it can effectively adapt to various two-phase mixing systems, has strong adaptability, high mass transfer efficiency, low energy consumption, and remarkable effects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a traditional centrifugal extractor;

[0020] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 is Figure 2 a schematic diagram of the booster impeller in

[0022] Figure 4 is Figure 3 a top view (viewed from direction A) of

[0023] Figure 5 is Figure 3Bottom view (view direction B);

[0024] Figure 6 is Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the static flow guiding disc structure in

[0025] In the figure: rotary drum 1, housing 2, light-phase feed inlet 3, heavy-phase feed inlet 4, maintenance cover 5, light-phase weir plate 6, heavy-phase weir plate 7, light-phase liquid outlet 8, heavy-phase liquid outlet 9, rotary drum extension section 10, booster impeller 11, centrifugal blades 12, centripetal blades 13, static flow guiding disc 14, reinforcement ring 15. Specific embodiments

[0026] The following further describes the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the specification and specific preferred embodiments, but does not limit the protection scope of the present invention thereby. Embodiment 1

[0027] A centrifugal extractor, as Figure 2 shown, includes a rotary drum 1. A housing 2 is provided outside the rotary drum 1 of the rotary drum 1. The housing 2 and the rotary drum 1 are rotationally sealed. The upper part of the rotary drum 1 is a clarification chamber. A light-phase weir plate 6 and a heavy-phase weir plate 7 are provided on the upper part of the clarification chamber, and a light-phase liquid outlet 8 and a heavy-phase liquid outlet 9 are connected through the light-phase weir plate 6 and the heavy-phase weir plate 7. An impeller-type feed mixing structure is provided at the lower part of the rotary drum 1, and the feed mixing structure communicates with the light-phase feed inlet 3 and the heavy-phase feed inlet 4.

[0028] The impeller-type feed mixing structure includes a rotary drum extension section 10 provided at the lower end of the rotary drum 1. The rotary drum extension section 10 is in the shape of a circular straight pipe, and its diameter is smaller than that of the rotary drum 1. The upper end of the rotary drum extension section 10 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the rotary drum 1 in a stepped manner. A booster impeller 11 is fixedly provided at the lower end of the rotary drum extension section 10. A reinforcement ring 15 is sleeved outside the rotary drum extension section 10. The upper part of the booster impeller 11 is provided with centrifugal blades 12, which guide the flow from the center to the outside, and the upper part of the booster impeller 11 is provided with centripetal blades 13, which guide the flow from the edge to the center, as Figure 3 and 4 ; A maintenance cover 5 is provided under the rotary drum extension section 10 of the housing 2, and a static flow guiding disc 14 is provided on the maintenance cover 5, as Figure 5 shown. The static flow guiding disc 14 is in the shape of a disc. Flow guiding grooves are evenly provided on the static flow guiding disc 14. The flow guiding grooves are spirally distributed in a ring array centered on the center axis of the static flow guiding disc 14. The flow guiding direction of the flow guiding grooves is opposite to that of the centrifugal blades 12. A mixing chamber is enclosed by the lower part of the housing 2 and the maintenance cover 5. Embodiment 2

[0029] As Figure 1As shown in the figure, a traditional centrifugal extractor includes a cylindrical rotating drum 1 driven by a motor. A housing 2 is arranged outside the rotating drum 1. The lower part of the rotating drum 1 is a mixing chamber, which is connected to a biphasic liquid inlet. The upper part of the rotating drum 1 is a clarification chamber. A light-phase weir plate 6 and a heavy-phase weir plate 7 are arranged on the upper part of the clarification chamber, and the light-phase liquid outlet 8 and the heavy-phase liquid outlet 9 are connected through the light-phase weir plate 6 and the heavy-phase weir plate 7. The biphasic liquid enters the mixing chamber for shear mixing. After being fully and evenly mixed, under the centrifugal action of the high-speed rotating rotating drum 1, the biphasic liquid is forced to separate in the clarification chamber, and respectively flows through the light-phase weir plate 6 and the heavy-phase weir plate 7 on the upper part of the rotating drum 1, and flows into the light-phase outlet and the heavy-phase outlet to be sent out of the centrifugal extractor.

[0030] This application is applied to the mass transfer extraction of biphasic liquids. Taking Example 1 as an example, the light-phase liquid enters the mixing chamber through the light-phase feed port 3, and the heavy-phase liquid enters the mixing chamber through the heavy-phase feed port 4. During the entry process, first, it passes through the gap between the rotating drum extension section 10 and the reinforcing ring 15. The high-speed rotating rotating drum extension section 10 and the reinforcing ring 15 are mixed through the annular gap to achieve the primary two-phase mixing and rotational acceleration of the two-phase liquids. Then, the two-phase liquids flow from the center to the edge along with the centrifugal blades 12, and are sheared and dispersed by the high-speed rotating centrifugal blades 12 to complete the second mixing. Then, through the diversion of the centripetal blades 13 and the static guide disk 14, they converge from the edge to the center, and at the same time, are sheared and dispersed by the high-speed rotating centripetal blades 13 and the stationary static guide disk 14 to complete the third mixing. After the two-phase liquids converge to the center, they pass through the liquid inlet in the center of the booster impeller 11, enter the rotating drum extension section 10, and enter the clarification tank of the rotating drum under the push of the booster impeller 11 for separation; with the centrifugal movement of the rotating drum 1, the two-phase separation is stratified. The light-phase liquid overflows to the light-phase liquid outlet 8 through the light-phase weir plate 6, and the heavy-phase liquid enters the heavy-phase liquid outlet 9 through the heavy-phase weir plate 7, so as to realize the entire centrifugal extraction process. According to the parameters of the biphasic liquid, a booster impeller 11 with a suitable specification can be installed in advance, so that the mixing intensity, mass transfer efficiency and emulsification degree of the feed mixing structure of the centrifugal extractor can meet the requirements.

Claims

1. An impeller type feeding and mixing structure of a centrifugal extractor, which is arranged at the lower part of the centrifugal extractor. The centrifugal extractor includes a rotating drum, a housing is arranged outside the rotating drum, and the housing and the rotating drum are rotationally sealed. A mixing chamber is arranged below the rotating drum, the upper part of the rotating drum is a clarification chamber, and a light phase weir plate and a heavy phase weir plate are arranged above the clarification chamber. It is characterized in that: A lower end of the rotary drum is provided with a rotary drum extension section that rotates coaxially and synchronously. The inner diameter of the rotary drum extension section is smaller than that of the rotary drum and smaller than the diameter of the pipe for the light-phase liquid to flow through surrounded by the light-phase weir plate. The upper end of the rotary drum extension section is fixedly connected to the lower end of the rotary drum. A booster impeller is provided at the lower end of the rotary drum extension section. The booster impeller has two sets of blades with an integral structure. The upper part of the booster impeller is provided with centrifugal blades that direct the flow from the center to the outside, and the lower part is provided with centripetal blades that direct the flow from the edge to the center.

2. The impeller type feeding and mixing structure according to claim 1, wherein: A maintenance cover is provided directly below the rotary drum extension section of the housing. A static flow guide plate is provided on the maintenance cover. The static flow guide plate is disc-shaped, and flow guide grooves are evenly provided on the static flow guide plate. The flow guide grooves are spiral and are annularly arrayed centered on the center axis of the static flow guide plate.

3. The impeller type feeding and mixing structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The centripetal blades are annularly distributed. The upper part of the static flow guide plate is located in the circular vacancy at the center of the centripetal blades, and the centripetal blades are in clearance fit with the static flow guide plate.

4. The impeller type feeding and mixing structure according to claim 1, wherein: An enhancement ring is provided on the upper part of the booster impeller. The enhancement ring is sleeved outside the rotary drum extension section, and the inner side of the enhancement ring is in clearance fit with the outer side of the rotary drum extension section.

5. The impeller type feeding and mixing structure according to claim 4, wherein: The connection between the upper end of the rotary drum extension section and the lower end of the rotary drum is stepped. A light-phase feed port and a heavy-phase feed port are provided at the lower part of the housing. A mixing chamber is enclosed by the lower part of the housing, the maintenance cover, and the enhancement ring.

6. A centrifugal extractor, characterized in that, It includes a rotary drum. A housing is provided outside the rotary drum. The upper part of the rotary drum is a clarification chamber. A light-phase weir plate and a heavy-phase weir plate are provided at the upper part of the clarification chamber, and a light-phase liquid outlet and a heavy-phase liquid outlet are connected through the light-phase weir plate and the heavy-phase weir plate. The lower part of the rotary drum is provided with an impeller-type feed mixing structure as described in any one of claims 1-5, and the feed mixing structure communicates with the light-phase feed port and the heavy-phase feed port.

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