Blocking and fixing device and railway open wagon

Abstract

The utility model discloses a retaining and fixing device and a railway open wagon. The retaining and fixing device comprises a cover plate, a bottom plate, a fixing part, a plurality of retaining blocks and a plurality of elastic parts, the cover plate and the bottom plate are oppositely arranged, the cover plate is fixedly connected with the bottom plate through the fixing part, a plurality of mounting holes are formed in the cover plate, the mounting holes, the retaining blocks and the elastic parts are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode, the retaining blocks are basically columnar, and the elastic parts are fixedly connected with the retaining blocks. The first ends of the check blocks penetrate out of the cover plate through the corresponding mounting holes, the second ends of the check blocks are located between the cover plate and the bottom plate, the first ends of the elastic pieces are connected with the second ends of the corresponding check blocks, the second ends of the elastic pieces are connected with the bottom plate, and the check blocks can move in the corresponding mounting holes in the two directions in the connecting line direction of the cover plate and the bottom plate. The diameter of the waist portion of each check block is larger than that of the first end of the check block so that the check blocks can be prevented from moving out of the corresponding installation holes in the direction from the bottom plate to the cover plate, and the elastic pieces eject the first ends of the corresponding check blocks out of the corresponding installation holes in the natural state. And the container can be blocked and fixed by the railway open wagon.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a retaining device and an open-top railway wagon. Background Art

[0002] The open-top railway wagon was initially used for transporting coal, ore, building materials, steel, etc., and was not designed with a retaining or locking device for container transportation. When the open-top railway wagon is used for transporting containers, the containers are prone to move around and collide inside the open-top railway wagon, causing damage to both the containers and the open-top railway wagon. Content of the Utility Model

[0003] The utility model provides a retaining device and an open-top railway wagon.

[0004] The technical solution of the utility model is as follows: A retaining device includes a cover plate, a bottom plate, a fixing member, a plurality of retaining blocks and a plurality of elastic members. The cover plate and the bottom plate are arranged opposite to each other. The cover plate is fixedly connected to the bottom plate through the fixing member. A plurality of mounting holes are formed in the cover plate. The plurality of mounting holes, the plurality of retaining blocks and the plurality of elastic members are arranged in one-to-one correspondence. The retaining block is substantially columnar. The first end of the retaining block passes through the cover plate through the corresponding mounting hole. The second end of the retaining block is located between the cover plate and the bottom plate. The first end of the elastic member is connected to the second end of the corresponding retaining block, and the second end of the elastic member is connected to the bottom plate. The retaining block can move bidirectionally in the corresponding mounting hole along the connection line direction of the cover plate and the bottom plate. The waist diameter of the retaining block is greater than the diameter of the first end of the retaining block to prevent the retaining block from moving out of the corresponding mounting hole in the direction from the bottom plate to the cover plate. In the natural state, the elastic member pushes the first end of the corresponding retaining block out of the corresponding mounting hole (that is, the elastic member pushes the second end of the retaining block, so that the first end of the retaining block is located above the mounting hole).

[0005] Optionally, the mounting hole is axially divided into two sections. The section of the mounting hole far from the bottom plate is a cylindrical hole, and the section of the mounting hole close to the bottom plate is a chamfered conical surface. The size of the chamfered conical surface on the side close to the bottom plate is greater than the size of the chamfered conical surface on the side far from the bottom plate.

[0006] The section of the waist of the retaining block facing the first end of the retaining block is a truncated conical surface that matches the chamfered conical surface of the corresponding mounting hole.

[0007] Optionally, the mounting hole is a cylindrical hole.

[0008] Optionally, the elastic member is a spring. The first end of the spring is sleeved on the second end of the corresponding retaining block. The waist diameter of the retaining block is greater than the diameter of the second end of the retaining block, so that the waist of the retaining block abuts against the first end of the spring.

[0009] Optionally, the elastic member is a spring. An installation groove is formed on the second end face of the stopper. The first end of the spring is arranged in the installation groove and abuts against the bottom of the installation groove.

[0010] Optionally, the cover plate is detachably and fixedly connected to the bottom plate through the fixing member.

[0011] Optionally, the fixing member includes a protective cover, a suspension seat, a bolt and a nut. The protective cover is in the shape of an annular plate and surrounds the plurality of elastic members. The first end of the protective cover is welded to the cover plate. The suspension seat is in the shape of an L-shaped plate structure. The first side of the suspension seat is welded to the outer surface of the vicinity of the second end of the protective cover. The second side of the suspension seat is detachably and fixedly connected to the bottom plate through the bolt and the nut.

[0012] Optionally, the plurality of mounting holes are distributed in a rectangular array.

[0013] The technical solution of the present utility model is as follows: A railway gondola car includes a floor and a plurality of blocking and fixing devices. The blocking and fixing devices are the aforementioned blocking and fixing devices. Among them, a plurality of mounting holes corresponding to the plurality of blocking and fixing devices one by one are formed on the floor. The blocking and fixing devices are fixed in the corresponding mounting holes. The bottom plate of the blocking and fixing device is located below the cover plate of the blocking and fixing device. In the natural state, the first end of the stopper of the blocking and fixing device protrudes above the floor.

[0014] Optionally, the upper surface of the cover plate of the blocking and fixing device is flush with the upper surface of the floor. Description of the Drawings

[0015] Figure 1 is the front view of the blocking and fixing device of the present utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 is the top view of the blocking and fixing device of the present utility model;

[0017] Figure 3 is the left view of the blocking and fixing device of the present utility model;

[0018] Figure 4 is the A-A sectional view of the blocking and fixing device of the present utility model;

[0019] Figure 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the stopper of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 6 is the sectional view of the cover plate of the present utility model;

[0021] Figure 7 is the structural schematic diagram of a partial structure of the railway gondola car of the present utility model.

[0022] The description of the reference numerals is as follows:

[0023] 1 - Stopper; 101 - First part; 102 - Second part; 103 - Third part; 104 - Fourth part; 2 - Spring; 3 - Cover plate; 301 - Mounting hole; 302 - Chamfered conical surface; 4 - Protective cover; 5 - Bottom plate; 6 - Hanging seat; 71 - Bolt; 72 - Nut; 200 - Floor. Detailed implementation mode

[0024] The following further illustrates the present utility model in conjunction with specific embodiments, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto.

[0025] Reference Figures 1 to 6 Referring to

[0026] Reference Figure 7 Referring to

[0027] In the present utility model, the mounting hole 301 can be in the shape of a round hole, a rectangular hole, a triangular hole, etc. Both the cover plate 3 and the bottom plate 5 are in the shape of a flat plate.

[0028] Optionally, referring to Figure 6, the mounting hole 301 is axially divided into two sections. The section of the mounting hole 301 away from the bottom plate 5 (the upper section of the mounting hole 301 in the use state) is a cylindrical hole, and the section of the mounting hole 301 close to the bottom plate 5 (the lower section of the mounting hole 301 in the use state) is a chamfered conical surface 302. The size of the chamfered conical surface 302 on the side close to the bottom plate 5 is larger than the size of the chamfered conical surface 302 on the side away from the bottom plate 5.

[0029] Continue to refer to Figure 5 , the section of the waist of the stopper 1 towards the first end of the stopper 1 is a truncated conical surface that mates with the chamfered conical surface 302 of the corresponding mounting hole 301.

[0030] With such a design, it is convenient for the stopper 1 to be inserted into the corresponding mounting hole 301, and the maximum upward movement position of the stopper 1 can be restricted.

[0031] Specifically, in this embodiment, the stopper 1 is sequentially divided into a first part 101 (cylindrical body), a second part 102 (truncated conical surface), a third part 103 (cylindrical body with a diameter larger than that of the first part 101), and a fourth part 104 (cylindrical body with a diameter smaller than that of the third part 103) from top to bottom. In this embodiment, the waist of the stopper 1 includes the second part 102 and the third part 103.

[0032] Optionally, in other embodiments, the mounting hole 301 is a cylindrical hole.

[0033] Optionally, refer to Figure 4 , the elastic member is a spring 2. The first end of the spring 2 is sleeved on the second end of the corresponding stopper 1. The diameter of the waist of the stopper 1 is larger than the diameter of the second end of the stopper 1, so that the waist of the stopper 1 abuts against the first end of the spring 2.

[0034] Optionally, in other embodiments, the elastic member is a spring 2. An installation groove is formed on the end surface of the second end of the stopper 1, and the first end of the spring 2 is arranged in the installation groove and abuts against the bottom of the installation groove.

[0035] Optionally, the cover plate 3 is detachably and fixedly connected to the bottom plate 5 through a fixing member. In this way, the bottom plate 5 can be removed from the blocking device for repairing or replacing the elastic member and / or the stopper 1.

[0036] Optionally, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the fixing member includes a protective cover 4, a hanging seat 6, a bolt 71 and a nut 72. The protective cover 4 is in the shape of an annular plate and surrounds a plurality of elastic members. The first end of the protective cover 4 is welded to the cover plate 3. The hanging seat 6 is in the shape of an L-shaped plate structure. The first side of the hanging seat 6 is welded to the outer surface of the section near the second end of the protective cover 4. The second side of the hanging seat 6 is detachably and fixedly connected to the bottom plate 5 through the bolt 71 and the nut 72.

[0037] Specifically, through holes for the bolts 71 to enter and exit are correspondingly provided on the second sides of the bottom plate 5 and the hanger 6. During maintenance, the nut 72 is separated from the bolt 71 and taken out, and then the bottom plate 5 and the hanger 6 are separated. During assembly, the bolt 71 is passed through the corresponding through holes on the bottom plate 5 and the hanger 6, and the nut 72 is tightened, so that the bottom plate 5 and the hanger 6 are assembled together. The assembly and maintenance of the retaining device are very convenient.

[0038] In other embodiments, the fixing member is a column, one end of which is welded to the cover plate 3, a threaded groove is provided on the other end surface of the fixing member, and a through hole is provided at a position corresponding to the threaded groove on the base plate 5, and a bolt 71 is inserted into the threaded groove on the fixing member through the through hole on the base plate 5, thereby realizing a detachable connection between the fixing member and the base plate 5.

[0039] Optionally, refer to Figure 2 , multiple mounting holes 301 are distributed in a rectangular array. Multiple mounting holes 301 can also be distributed in a concentric ring shape, a honeycomb shape, etc. If the spacing of the mounting holes 301 is appropriately reduced, the effect of preventing the container from shaking horizontally will be better, but considering the error of the container lifting and landing operation, the spacing of the mounting holes 301 cannot be too small.

[0040] Based on the same inventive concept, Figure 7 Some embodiments of the utility model provide a railway open car, including a floor 200 and a plurality of retaining devices, the retaining devices are the aforementioned retaining devices, wherein a plurality of mounting holes corresponding to the plurality of retaining devices are opened on the floor 200, the retaining devices are fixed in the corresponding mounting holes, the bottom plate 5 of the retaining device is located below the cover plate 3 of the retaining device, and in a natural state, the first end of the retaining block 1 of the retaining device is higher than the floor 200.

[0041] Figure 7 The number of the middle blocking devices is 4, and the center connecting line is a rectangle. When in use, the corners of the container press part of the block 1 of each blocking device and avoid the other part of the block 1. The block 1 that is not pressed limits the horizontal position of the container.

[0042] In some other embodiments, the four sides of the container respectively press a partial stopper 1 of a fixing device.

[0043] Optionally, the upper surface of the cover plate 3 of the retaining device is flush with the upper surface of the floor 200. In this way, the floor 200 and the cover plate 3 share the gravity of the container.

[0044] In some other embodiments, the upper surface of the cover plate 3 of the retaining device is higher than the upper surface of the floor 200 , or lower than the upper surface of the floor 200 .

[0045] The retaining device can be made of metal material as a whole. The cover plate 3 can be connected to the floor 200 by welding.

[0046] Each embodiment in the present utility model is described in a progressive manner. For the same or similar parts among the embodiments, reference can be made to each other, and the key points of each embodiment are the differences from other embodiments.

[0047] The protection scope of the present utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and deformations to the present utility model without departing from the scope and spirit of the present utility model. If these modifications and deformations fall within the scope of the claims of the present utility model and their equivalent technologies, the intention of the present utility model also includes these modifications and deformations.

Claims

1. A retaining device, characterized in that, It includes a cover plate, a bottom plate, fixing members, a plurality of stoppers and a plurality of elastic members. The cover plate and the bottom plate are arranged oppositely, and the cover plate is fixedly connected to the bottom plate through the fixing members. A plurality of mounting holes are formed in the cover plate. The plurality of mounting holes, the plurality of stoppers and the plurality of elastic members are arranged in one-to-one correspondence. The stopper is substantially columnar. The first end of the stopper passes through the cover plate through the corresponding mounting hole, and the second end of the stopper is located between the cover plate and the bottom plate. The first end of the elastic member is connected to the second end of the corresponding stopper, and the second end of the elastic member is connected to the bottom plate. The stopper can move bidirectionally in the corresponding mounting hole along the connection line direction of the cover plate and the bottom plate. The waist diameter of the stopper is larger than the diameter of the first end of the stopper to prevent the stopper from moving out of the corresponding mounting hole in the direction from the bottom plate to the cover plate. In the natural state, the elastic member pushes the first end of the corresponding stopper out of the corresponding mounting hole.

2. The retaining device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting hole is axially divided into two sections. The section of the mounting hole away from the bottom plate is a cylindrical hole, and the section of the mounting hole close to the bottom plate is a chamfered conical surface. The size of the chamfered conical surface on the side close to the bottom plate is larger than the size of the chamfered conical surface on the side away from the bottom plate. The section of the waist of the stopper facing the first end of the stopper is a truncated conical surface that matches the chamfered conical surface of the corresponding mounting hole.

3. The retaining device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting hole is a cylindrical hole.

4. The retaining device according to claim 1, wherein, The elastic member is a spring. The first end of the spring is sleeved on the second end of the corresponding stopper. The waist diameter of the stopper is larger than the diameter of the second end of the stopper so that the waist of the stopper abuts against the first end of the spring.

5. The retaining device according to claim 1, characterized in that The elastic member is a spring. An installation groove is formed on the end face of the second end of the stopper. The first end of the spring is arranged in the installation groove and abuts against the bottom of the installation groove.

6. The retaining device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cover plate is detachably fixedly connected to the bottom plate through the fixing members.

7. The retaining device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The fixing member includes a protective cover, a suspension seat, a bolt and a nut. The protective cover is in the shape of an annular plate and surrounds the plurality of elastic members. The first end of the protective cover is welded to the cover plate. The suspension seat is in the shape of an L-shaped plate structure. The first side of the suspension seat is welded to the outer surface of the section near the second end of the protective cover. The second side of the suspension seat is detachably fixedly connected to the bottom plate through the bolt and the nut.

8. The retaining device according to claim 1, wherein The plurality of mounting holes are distributed in a rectangular array.

9. An open railway wagon, characterized in that, It includes a floor and a plurality of blocking and fixing devices. The blocking and fixing device is the blocking and fixing device according to any one of claims 1 to 8. Among them, a plurality of mounting holes corresponding to the plurality of blocking and fixing devices are formed in the floor. The blocking and fixing device is fixed in the corresponding mounting hole. The bottom plate of the blocking and fixing device is located below the cover plate of the blocking and fixing device. In the natural state, the first end of the stopper of the blocking and fixing device protrudes above the floor.

10. The railway gondola car according to claim 9, wherein, The upper surface of the cover plate of the blocking and fixing device is flush with the upper surface of the floor.

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