Anti-pollution sleeper structure for heavy haul railway

Abstract

The utility model provides an anti-pollution sleeper structure for a heavy haul railway, and particularly relates to the technical field of rail transit, the anti-pollution sleeper structure comprises at least two sleepers, and a cover plate is arranged between every two adjacent sleepers; by arranging the cover plate, the ballast bed is effectively prevented from being polluted, the on-site maintenance workload is reduced, and the operation cost is saved. Besides, the sleeper is subjected to reinforced design, prestressed tendons and spiral tendons are arranged in the sleeper, and reinforcing steel bar meshes are arranged in the retaining shoulders, so that the load requirement of a heavy haul railway with a large axle load and a large transportation volume is met, the under-rail static load cracking load is not lower than 230 kN, and the in-sleeper static load cracking load is not lower than 200 kN.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of rail transit, and more specifically, to an anti-pollution sleeper structure for heavy-haul railways. Background Art

[0002] The ballast beds of dedicated coal transportation lines are mostly severely affected by coal ash pollution. Under the action of trains, the coal dust covering the surface of the ballast bed will penetrate into the surface of the lower foundation. When encountering water, serious hardening and collapse will occur, causing changes in the compactness of the ballast bed, affecting the elasticity and drainage of the ballast bed, leading to deterioration of the track state, increasing the difficulty of track maintenance, and even threatening the safety of train operation in severe cases. In addition, the coal dust buries the rails and fastener systems, which will cause rail corrosion and broken rails and bolt spike failures.

[0003] At present, the technology for preventing coal ash pollution in heavy-haul railways mainly uses geotextiles to cover the surface of the ballast bed. However, geotextiles have poor durability in heavy-haul environments, and at the same time, they are light in weight and are easily sucked up by trains. If fixing equipment is added, the risk of falling off will increase, affecting train operation safety. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide an anti-pollution sleeper structure for heavy-haul railways to improve the above problems. To achieve the above purpose, the technical solutions adopted by the utility model are as follows:

[0005] The present application provides an anti-pollution sleeper structure for heavy-haul railways, including:

[0006] At least two sleepers, the sleepers are arranged on the ballast according to a preset spacing, and support platforms are arranged on both sides of each sleeper, and prestressing tendons are buried inside the sleepers;

[0007] A rail seat, the rail seat is arranged on the upper surfaces of both ends of the sleeper, and mounting holes for installing rails are opened in the rail seat, and spiral bars are buried around the mounting holes;

[0008] Shoulders, the shoulders are arranged on both sides of the rail seat, and a reinforced steel mesh is buried inside the shoulders;

[0009] At least one cover plate, the cover plate is arranged between two adjacent sleepers, and cover edges matching the support platforms are arranged on both sides of each cover plate, and the cover edges are lapped on the support platforms.

[0010] Optionally, the cross-sectional width of the sleeper is of equal width.

[0011] Optionally, a plurality of stirrups are bundled around the prestressing tendons.

[0012] Optionally, the cover plate includes a middle cover plate and two end cover plates;

[0013] The middle cover plate is arranged at the middle position between adjacent sleepers, and the two end cover plates are respectively spliced at both ends of the middle cover plate.

[0014] Optionally, one end of the end cover plate spliced with the middle cover plate is provided with a lapping plate protruding outwards;

[0015] Both ends of the middle cover plate are provided with supporting plates protruding outwards for connecting with the lapping plate.

[0016] Optionally, a rubber strip is arranged on the edge of the cover plate.

[0017] Optionally, a hook hole is arranged on the cover plate.

[0018] Optionally, the thickness of the middle section of the cover plate is greater than the thickness of both ends in contact with the sleeper.

[0019] Optionally, the thickness of the middle section of the cover plate is 40 - 50 mm, and the thickness of both ends of the cover plate in contact with the sleeper is 28 - 35 mm.

[0020] Optionally, the height of the rail bearing groove is 22 - 28 mm

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows:

[0022] By arranging the cover plate, the present utility model effectively prevents the ballast bed from being polluted, reduces the on-site maintenance workload, and saves the operation cost. In addition, the sleeper is strengthened by designing prestressed tendons and spiral bars inside, and a reinforcing steel mesh is arranged in the shoulder to meet the load requirements of heavy-haul railways with large axle loads and large traffic volumes. The cracking load under static load of the rail is not less than 230 kN, and the cracking load under static load in the middle of the sleeper is not less than 200 kN.

[0023] Other features and advantages of the present utility model will be described in the subsequent specification, and some of them will become obvious from the specification or can be understood by implementing the embodiments of the present utility model. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required to be used in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present utility model, so they should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a pollution-proof sleeper for heavy-haul railways in the embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a sleeper in the embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 3 This is the front view of the end cover plate in the embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 4 This is the bottom view of the end cover plate in the embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 5 This is the front view of the middle cover plate in the embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 6 This is the bottom view of the middle cover plate in the embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 7 This is the bottom view of the rubber strip in the embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 8 This is the schematic diagram of the positioning groove in the embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 9 This is the schematic diagram of the positioning rib in the embodiment of the present application.

[0034] Reference numerals in the figure: 1, sleeper; 11, supporting platform; 12, prestressed tendon; 13, spiral reinforcement; 14, reinforced steel mesh; 15, positioning rib; 2, end cover plate; 21, overlapping plate; 3, middle cover plate; 31, supporting plate; 4, rail seat; 41, mounting hole; 5, shoulder; 6, cover edge; 61, positioning groove; 7, hook hole; 8, rubber strip. Detailed implementation manners

[0035] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present utility model clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Apparently, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present utility model. Components of the embodiments of the present utility model described and illustrated herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the detailed description of the embodiments of the present utility model provided herein is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present utility model, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0036] It should be noted that: similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings. Therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings. At the same time, in the description of the present utility model, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive distinction and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0037] Most of China's coal resources are concentrated in Shanxi, Shaanxi, Inner Mongolia and Xinjiang, etc., while the major coal-consuming regions are concentrated in East China and South China. Therefore, special coal transportation lines for "transporting coal from the west to the east" and "transporting coal from the north to the south" have been built in China. The roadbeds of the special coal transportation lines are mostly severely affected by coal ash pollution. The coal dust covering the surface of the roadbed will penetrate into the surface of the lower foundation under the action of the train. After encountering water, serious caking and subsidence will occur, causing changes in the compactness of the roadbed, affecting the elasticity and drainage of the roadbed, leading to the deterioration of the track state, increasing the difficulty of track maintenance, and even threatening the safety of train operation in severe cases. In addition, the coal dust buries the rails and fastener systems, which will cause rail corrosion and broken rails and the failure of bolt spikes.

[0038] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, this embodiment provides an anti-pollution sleeper 1 structure for heavy-haul railways, including:

[0039] At least two sleepers 1, the sleepers 1 are arranged on the ballast at a preset spacing, and supporting platforms 11 are arranged on both sides of each sleeper 1, and prestressed tendons 12 are buried inside the sleepers 1;

[0040] A rail seat 4, the rail seat 4 is arranged on the upper surfaces of both ends of the sleeper 1, an installation hole 41 for installing the rail is opened in the rail seat 4, and spiral bars 13 are buried around the installation hole 41;

[0041] Shoulder blocks 5, the shoulder blocks 5 are arranged on both sides of the rail seat 4, and a reinforced steel mesh 14 is buried inside the shoulder blocks 5;

[0042] At least one cover plate, the cover plate is arranged between two adjacent sleepers 1, and cover edges 6 matching the supporting platforms 11 are arranged on both sides of each cover plate, and the cover edges 6 are lapped on the supporting platforms 11.

[0043] This application is a special anti-pollution sleeper 1 structure designed for heavy-haul railways. By setting the cover plate, it effectively prevents the pollution of the roadbed, reduces the on-site maintenance workload, and saves the operation cost. In addition, the sleeper 1 is strengthened. Prestressed tendons 12 and spiral bars 13 are arranged inside, and a reinforced steel mesh 14 is arranged inside the shoulder blocks 5 to meet the load requirements of heavy-haul railways with large axle loads and large traffic volumes. The cracking load under static load under the rail is not less than 230 kN, and the cracking load under static load in the middle of the sleeper is not less than 200 kN.

[0044] As a preferred embodiment, the cross-sectional width of the sleeper 1 is of equal width. In previous designs, in order to increase the distance between sleepers 1, the sleeper 1 was designed as a dumbbell-shaped structure with wider ends than the middle part. However, it was found in application that the mid-span static load cracking load of this sleeper 1 was difficult to meet the requirements of some heavy-haul railways. Therefore, in this application, the sleeper 1 is preferably designed as a straight-line structure with a constant width to improve the mid-span load.

[0045] As a preferred embodiment, a plurality of stirrups are bundled around the prestressed tendon 12. By arranging the prestressed tendon 12, the spiral stirrup 13 and the stirrups inside the sleeper 1, the strength of the sleeper 1 is effectively improved, and the sleeper 1 is prevented from cracking and other damages. The reinforcing steel mesh 14 arranged in the shoulder 5 matches the shape of the shoulder 5, that is, the reinforcing steel mesh 14 is bent to form an obtuse angle, and the obtuse angle faces away from the rail seat 4.

[0046] As a preferred embodiment, the cover plate includes a middle cover plate 3 and two end cover plates 2;

[0047] The middle cover plate 3 is arranged at the middle position between adjacent sleepers 1, and the two end cover plates 2 are respectively spliced at both ends of the middle cover plate 3.

[0048] For the convenience of installing the cover plate, the cover plate designed in this embodiment is composed of three pieces, and the spliced structure form is less likely to warp or deform significantly compared with a whole cover plate; as Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown, one end of the end cover plate 2 spliced with the middle cover plate is provided with a lapping plate 21 protruding outwards; as Figure 5 and Figure 6 shown, both ends of the middle cover plate 3 are provided with supporting plates 31 protruding outwards for connecting with the lapping plate 21. The total length of the three cover plates after splicing is equal to the length of the sleeper 1.

[0049] During installation, first install the middle cover plate 3 between the sleepers 1, and then splice the end cover plates 2 at both ends of the middle cover plate 3. At this time, the lapping plate 21 and the supporting plate 31 overlap, covering the ballast and effectively preventing dust and sundries from entering.

[0050] As Figure 7 shown, a rubber strip 8 is provided on the cover edge 6 of the cover plate. The rubber strip 8 is arranged on the contact surface between the cover edge 6 and the sleeper 1 for sealing the gap at the contact part to prevent pollutants from seeping into the lower part of the cover plate from the gap.

[0051] When installing the cover plate, it is necessary to align the length of the cover plate with the length of the sleeper 1, that is, the middle cover plate 3 needs to be placed in the exact center position between the sleepers 1, as Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown in the figure, in this embodiment, a positioning groove 61 is opened on the cover edge 6 of the middle cover plate 3, and a positioning rib 15 is correspondingly arranged on the side surface of the sleeper. During installation, the positioning groove 61 and the positioning rib 15 are fitted together to ensure that the cover plate is aligned with the sleeper 1 after installation. The cross-sectional shapes of the positioning groove 61 and the positioning rib 15 can be rectangular, arc-shaped or triangular.

[0052] The ballast needs to be regularly cleaned and maintained. When it is necessary to screen and tamp the ballast, the cover plate can be removed. However, the previous cover plates were tightly spliced and there was no gap for removal. To facilitate the removal of the cover plate, a hook hole 7 is provided on the cover plate of this embodiment. When removing the cover plate, hook the hook into the hook hole 7 and pull it upward to lift the cover plate. Preferably, the hook hole 7 is only provided on the end cover plate 2. First, remove the end cover plate 2 through the hook hole 7. At this time, both ends of the middle cover plate 3 are exposed, and then lift it from both ends of the middle cover plate 3.

[0053] To increase the self-weight of the cover plate to resist the negative pressure brought by the passing of the train, the overall cross-section of the cover plate is designed in a stepped shape, and the thickness of the middle section of the cover plate is greater than the thickness of the two ends in contact with the sleeper 1.

[0054] Preferably, the thickness of the middle section of the cover plate is 40-50 mm, and the thickness of the two ends of the cover plate in contact with the sleeper 1 is 28-35 mm. In this embodiment, the thickness of the middle section of the cover plate is 45 mm, and the thickness at the contact with the sleeper 1 is 30 mm.

[0055] As an example, the height of the rail seat 4 is 22-28 mm, preferably 25 mm, a 1:40 rail bottom slope is set, the distance between the outer bottom feet of the two rail seats 4 on the same sleeper 1 is 1818 mm, and the distance between the bottom feet of the same rail seat 4 is 305 mm.

[0056] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and modifications. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0057] The above is only the specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention can easily think of changes or replacements, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An anti-pollution sleeper structure for heavy-haul railways, characterized in that, Comprising: At least two sleepers (1), the sleepers (1) being arranged on the ballast at a preset spacing, with a supporting platform (11) provided on both sides of each sleeper (1), and a prestressed tendon (12) being embedded inside the sleeper (1); A rail seat (4), the rail seat (4) being provided on the upper surfaces at both ends of the sleeper (1), an installation hole (41) for installing a rail being formed inside the rail seat (4), and a spiral reinforcement (13) being embedded around the installation hole (41); Shoulders (5), the shoulders (5) being provided on both sides of the rail seat (4), and a reinforced steel mesh (14) being embedded inside the shoulders (5); At least one cover plate, the cover plate being arranged between two adjacent sleepers (1), and a cover edge (6) matching the supporting platform (11) being provided on both sides of each cover plate, the cover edge (6) overlapping on the supporting platform (11).

2. The anti-pollution sleeper structure for heavy-haul railways according to claim 1, characterized in that The cross-sectional width of the sleeper (1) is of equal width.

3. The anti-pollution sleeper structure for heavy-haul railways according to claim 1, characterized in that, A plurality of stirrups (15) are bundled around the periphery of the prestressed tendon (12).

4. The anti-pollution sleeper structure for heavy-haul railways according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cover plate comprises a middle cover plate (3) and two end cover plates (2); The middle cover plate (3) is arranged at the middle position between adjacent sleepers (1), and the two end cover plates (2) are respectively spliced at both ends of the middle cover plate (3).

5. The anti-pollution sleeper structure for heavy-haul railways according to claim 4, characterized in that, One end of the end cover plate (2) spliced with the middle cover plate (3) is provided with a lapping plate (21) protruding outwards; Both ends of the middle cover plate (3) are provided with supporting plates (31) protruding outwards for connecting with the lapping plate (21).

6. The anti-pollution sleeper structure for heavy-haul railways according to claim 1, characterized in that, A rubber strip (8) is provided on the cover edge (6) of the cover plate.

7. The anti-pollution sleeper structure for heavy-haul railways according to claim 1, characterized in that Hook holes (7) are provided on the cover plate.

8. The anti-pollution sleeper structure for heavy-haul railways according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the middle section of the cover plate is greater than the thickness of both ends in contact with the sleeper (1).

9. The anti-pollution sleeper structure for heavy-haul railways according to claim 8, characterized in that, The thickness of the middle section of the cover plate is 40 - 50 mm, and the thickness of both ends of the cover plate in contact with the sleeper (1) is 28 - 35 mm.

10. The anti-pollution sleeper structure for heavy-haul railways according to claim 1, characterized in that, The height of the rail seat (4) is 22 - 28 mm.

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