Prefabricated buffering cannon with controllable directional isolation range
By prefabricating the sliding valve mechanism and energy-dissipating materials of the buffer gun with controllable directional isolation range, the precise control of tunnel excavation and surrounding rock stability are achieved, and the problems of tunnel super-under-excavation and surrounding rock damage in traditional blasting technology are solved, which improves the blasting effect and reduces construction costs.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421815123.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-30
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-08
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-07-30
AI Technical Summary
Traditional blasting technology has problems such as over-excavation, under-excavation, irregularity in surrounding rock damage, difficulty in controlling blasting strength, and inability to achieve directional range blasting in tunnel excavation, resulting in construction difficulties and unstable surrounding rocks.
The prefabricated controlled directional isolation range buffer gun is adopted to realize directional propagation and directional isolation of explosion waves through the cylindrical structure of sliding valve mechanism and energy dissipation material. The sliding valve mechanism can adjust the isolation range. The explosion wave of the medicine roll placed in the cylinder is directly propagated into the rock body. The energy dissipation material absorbs the residual wave energy and controls the blasting range.
It realizes precise control of tunnel excavation, reduces surrounding rock disturbance, saves explosive charge time, reduces construction costs, and improves blasting effect.
Smart Images
Figure CN223077562U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel excavation by drill and blast method, in particular to a prefabricated controllable directional isolation range buffer charge. Background Art
[0002] Blasting technology is an engineering technology that uses the energy of explosive explosion to destroy the original structure of a certain object and adopts a charge layout and detonation method to achieve different engineering purposes. Since blasting technology can save a large amount of manpower and material resources, it has been widely used in tunnel excavation at present. However, there are the following problems: (1) The irregularity of the damage to the surrounding rock by traditional blasting often causes accidents such as over-excavation, under-excavation, and even collapse during the tunnel excavation process. The problem of tunnel over-excavation is serious, usually reaching more than 30 cm. The later support is difficult, and the thickness of the secondary lining needs to be increased, which increases the construction period and material cost; (2) The explosive quantity and drill and blast design parameters for tunnel excavation by drill and blast method are unreasonable, and the smooth blasting effect cannot be achieved; (3) When excavating a tunnel, it is necessary to maintain the good stability of the surrounding rock, while the traditional blasting technology is difficult to control the blasting intensity, and the degree of disturbance to the rock mass is large, which is not conducive to the subsequent stable support of the tunnel; (4) The over-excavation and under-excavation of the tunnel are related to the layout of the peripheral holes on the heading face and the propagation of the explosion wave. The traditional cartridge placement method cannot achieve directional range blasting of the rock mass on the heading face, which will also cause over-excavation of the tunnel and the failure to achieve the smooth blasting effect. Summary of the Invention
[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a prefabricated controllable directional isolation range buffer charge according to the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art. The prefabricated controllable directional isolation range buffer charge is of a cylindrical structure. One side of it is a hollow semi-cylinder composed of a toothed slidable outer sliding flap and an inner sliding flap, which is filled with energy-absorbing materials. The other side is provided with a hoop-shaped cartridge placement cylinder and a semi-cylindrical shell arranged opposite to each other front and back for fixing the cartridges, and the cartridges are loaded into the hoop. The prefabricated controllable directional isolation range buffer charge is placed into the peripheral holes of the rock mass on the heading face, and the detonator is detonated. The explosion wave propagates circumferentially. The energy-absorbing materials absorb the explosion wave and prevent it from propagating into the rock mass. The explosion wave on the other side directly propagates into the rock mass, causing the rock mass to break, realizing the directional propagation and directional isolation of the explosion wave, breaking the rock mass that needs to be blasted and keeping the rock mass that does not need to be blasted intact, which can not only solve the problem of tunnel over-excavation and under-excavation, but also reduce the disturbance to the surrounding rock; at the same time, the sliding outer sliding flap and the inner sliding flap can be adjusted to narrow or enlarge the directional isolation range to improve the blasting effect.
[0004] The purpose of the utility model is achieved by the following technical solutions:
[0005] A prefabricated controllable directional isolation range buffer gun, the prefabricated controllable directional isolation range buffer gun is of a cylindrical structure and consists of a controllable directional isolation range buffer barrel, a cartridge, and a housing. The controllable directional isolation range buffer barrel includes a sliding flap mechanism and a cartridge placement cylinder arranged coaxially. An energy dissipation material is filled between the sliding flap mechanism and the cartridge placement cylinder. The cartridge placement cylinder includes a semi-circular inner cylinder and a hoop. The cartridge is placed inside the semi-circular inner cylinder, and both ends of the cartridge are fixed by the hoop. The sliding flap mechanism is composed of an outer sliding flap and an inner sliding flap. Both the outer sliding flap and the inner sliding flap move along the outer arc of the semi-circular inner cylinder. The inner sliding flap is arranged inside the outer sliding flap, and the housing wraps the cartridge and the hoop.
[0006] The outer sliding flap includes an outer sliding flap side plate, an outer sliding flap axial end plate, and an outer sliding flap radial end plate. The outer sliding flap side plate is an arc plate. Outer sliding flap radial end plates are provided at both radial ends of the outer sliding flap side plate, and an outer sliding flap axial end plate is provided at one axial end of the outer sliding flap side plate. The inner sliding flap includes an inner sliding flap side plate, an inner sliding flap axial end plate, and an inner sliding flap radial end plate. The inner sliding flap side plate is an arc plate. Inner sliding flap radial end plates are provided at both radial ends of the inner sliding flap side plate, and an inner sliding flap axial end plate is provided at one axial end of the inner sliding flap side plate.
[0007] Two outer cylinder outer sliding flap chutes and two outer cylinder inner sliding flap chutes are arranged along the outer arc of the semi-circular inner cylinder. Outer sliding flap radial end plate sliders that cooperate with the outer cylinder outer sliding flap chutes are connected to the outer sliding flap radial end plates, and inner sliding flap radial end plate sliders that cooperate with the outer cylinder inner sliding flap chutes are connected to the inner sliding flap radial end plates.
[0008] Outer sliding flap sliding teeth and outer sliding flap sliding grooves are alternately arranged along the inner axial direction of the outer sliding flap side plate. Both the outer sliding flap sliding teeth and the outer sliding flap sliding grooves are arranged along the arc of the outer sliding flap side plate. Inner sliding flap sliding teeth and inner sliding flap sliding grooves are alternately arranged along the outer axial direction of the inner sliding flap side plate. Both the inner sliding flap sliding teeth and the inner sliding flap sliding grooves are arranged along the arc of the inner sliding flap side plate. The outer sliding flap sliding teeth cooperate with the inner sliding flap sliding grooves, and the inner sliding flap sliding teeth cooperate with the outer sliding flap sliding grooves.
[0009] The energy dissipation material is filled in the enclosed space formed by the outer sliding flap side plate, the outer sliding flap axial end plate, the outer sliding flap radial end plate, the inner sliding flap side plate, the inner sliding flap axial end plate, and the inner sliding flap radial end plate.
[0010] The size and shape of the cartridge placement hole of the cartridge placement cylinder respectively correspond to the size and shape of the cartridge.
[0011] The prefabricated controllable directional isolation range buffer charge is placed in the peripheral blast holes of the tunnel face rock mass, and the shape and size of the prefabricated controllable directional isolation range buffer charge respectively correspond to the shape and size of the peripheral blast holes.
[0012] The advantages of the present utility model are as follows:
[0013] (1) The energy-absorbing material absorbs the blast wave and prevents it from propagating into the rock mass. On the other side, the blast wave directly propagates into the rock mass, causing the rock mass to rupture. It can achieve the directional propagation and directional isolation of the blast wave, break the rock mass that needs to be blasted, and keep the rock mass that does not need to be blasted intact. It can not only solve the problem of overbreak and underbreak in the tunnel, but also reduce the disturbance to the surrounding rock.
[0014] (2) The controllable directional isolation range buffer barrel can be reused, saving costs.
[0015] (3) The sliding outer sliding flap and the inner sliding flap can be adjusted to narrow or enlarge the directional isolation range, improving the blasting effect.
[0016] (4) The prefabricated controllable directional isolation range buffer charge can save the explosive charging time and can be customized in different specifications according to needs. Description of the Drawings
[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram (1) of the controllable directional isolation range buffer barrel of the present utility model;
[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram (2) of the controllable directional isolation range buffer barrel of the present utility model;
[0019] Figure 3 is Figure 2 the sectional view taken along A-A in
[0020] Figure 4 is Figure 2 the sectional view taken along B-B in
[0021] Figure 5 is Figure 2 the sectional view taken along C-C in
[0022] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the prefabricated controllable directional isolation range buffer charge of the present utility model;
[0023] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of isolating the blast wave by the controllable directional isolation range buffer charge of the present utility model;
[0024] As Figures 1 to 7 shown, the marks in the figure are respectively represented as:
[0025] 1. Prefabricated controllable directional isolation range buffer charge, 2. Tunnel face rock mass, 3. Blast wave, 4. Crack;
[0026] 11. Controllable directional isolation range buffer barrel, 12. Cartridge, 13. Housing;
[0027] 111. Outer sliding flap, 112. Inner sliding flap, 113. Cartridge placement cylinder, 114. Energy dissipation material;
[0028] 1111. Outer sliding flap side plate, 1112. Outer sliding flap axial end plate, 1113. Outer sliding flap radial end plate, 1114. Outer sliding flap sliding teeth, 1115. Outer sliding flap sliding groove, 1116. Outer sliding flap radial end plate slider;
[0029] 1121. Inner sliding flap side plate, 1122. Inner sliding flap axial end plate, 1123. Inner sliding flap radial end plate, 1124. Inner sliding flap sliding teeth, 1125. Inner sliding flap sliding groove, 1126. Inner sliding flap radial end plate slider;
[0030] 1131. Hoop, 1132. Semi-circular inner cylinder, 1133. Cartridge placement hole, 1134. Outer sliding flap chute, 1135. Inner sliding flap chute. Specific embodiments
[0031] The features of the present utility model and other related features are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings through embodiments for the understanding of those skilled in the same industry:
[0032] Embodiment: As Figures 1 to 7As shown in the figure, this embodiment relates to a prefabricated controllable directional isolation range buffer gun. The prefabricated controllable directional isolation range buffer gun 1 has a cylindrical structure and mainly consists of a controllable directional isolation range buffer barrel 11, a cartridge 12, and a housing 13. Both the controllable directional isolation range buffer barrel 11 and the housing 13 are semi-cylindrical. The cartridge 12 is fixed on the controllable directional isolation range buffer barrel 11, and the housing 13 is installed on the controllable directional isolation range buffer barrel 11 and wraps the cartridge 12. The controllable directional isolation range buffer barrel 11 mainly includes a sliding flap mechanism, a cartridge placement cylinder 113, and an energy dissipation material 114. The sliding flap mechanism and the cartridge placement cylinder 113 are coaxially arranged, and the energy dissipation material 114 is filled between the sliding flap mechanism and the cartridge placement cylinder 113. In this embodiment, the energy dissipation material 114 can be made of rubber, particulate material, liquid material, or porous material. The size and shape of the cartridge placement hole 1133 of the cartridge placement cylinder 113 respectively correspond to the size and shape of the cartridge 12 to ensure the reliability of the installation of the cartridge 12. Specifically, the cartridge placement cylinder 113 includes a semi-circular inner cylinder 1132 and a hoop 1131. The semi-circular inner cylinder 1132 is used to place the cartridge 12, and the hoop 1131 is provided at both ends of the semi-circular inner cylinder 1132 and is used to fix the cartridge 12. The sliding flap mechanism consists of an outer sliding flap 111 and an inner sliding flap 112. Both the outer sliding flap 111 and the inner sliding flap 112 move along the outer arc of the semi-circular inner cylinder 1132, and the inner sliding flap 112 is arranged inside the outer sliding flap 111. By adjusting the size of the arc space between the outer sliding flap 111 and the inner sliding flap 112, the filling amount of the energy dissipation material 114 is changed, thereby achieving the purpose of shrinking or enlarging the directional isolation range.
[0033] As Figures 1 to 6As shown in the figure, the outer sliding flap 111 includes an outer sliding flap side plate 1111, an outer sliding flap axial end plate 1112, and an outer sliding flap radial end plate 1113. The outer sliding flap side plate 1111 is an arc plate. One outer sliding flap radial end plate 1113 is provided at each of the two radial ends of the outer sliding flap side plate 1111, and one outer sliding flap axial end plate 1113 is provided at one axial end of the outer sliding flap side plate 1111. The inner sliding flap 112 includes an inner sliding flap side plate 1121, an inner sliding flap axial end plate 1122, and an inner sliding flap radial end plate 1123. The inner sliding flap side plate 1121 is an arc plate. One inner sliding flap radial end plate 1123 is provided at each of the two radial ends of the inner sliding flap side plate 1121, and one inner sliding flap axial end plate 1122 is provided at one axial end of the inner sliding flap side plate 1121. The energy dissipation material 114 is filled in the enclosed space formed by the outer sliding flap side plate 1111, the outer sliding flap axial end plate 1112, the outer sliding flap radial end plate 1113, the inner sliding flap side plate 1121, the inner sliding flap axial end plate 1122, and the inner sliding flap radial end plate 1123. Two outer cylinder outer sliding flap chutes 1134 and two outer cylinder inner sliding flap chutes 1135 are arranged along the outer arc of the semi-circular inner cylinder 1132. An outer sliding flap radial end plate slider 1116 is connected to the outer sliding flap radial end plate 1113, and an inner sliding flap radial end plate slider 1126 is connected to the inner sliding flap radial end plate 1123. The shape and size of the outer sliding flap radial end plate slider 1116 respectively match the shape and size of the outer cylinder outer sliding flap chute 1134, realizing the sliding of the outer sliding flap radial end plate 1113 on the semi-circular inner cylinder 1132. The shape and size of the inner sliding flap radial end plate slider 1126 respectively match the shape and size of the outer cylinder inner sliding flap chute 1135, realizing the sliding of the inner sliding flap radial end plate 1123 on the semi-circular inner cylinder 1132. The outer sliding flap side plate 1111 is alternately provided with outer sliding flap sliding teeth 1114 and outer sliding flap sliding grooves 1115 along its inner side axially, and both the outer sliding flap sliding teeth 1114 and the outer sliding flap sliding grooves 1115 are arranged along the arc of the outer sliding flap side plate 1111. The inner sliding flap side plate 1121 is alternately provided with inner sliding flap sliding teeth 1124 and inner sliding flap sliding grooves 1125 along its outer side axially, and both the inner sliding flap sliding teeth 1124 and the inner sliding flap sliding grooves 1125 are arranged along the arc of the inner sliding flap side plate 1121. The shape and size of the outer sliding flap sliding teeth 1114 respectively match the shape and size of the inner sliding flap sliding grooves 1125, and the shape and size of the inner sliding flap sliding teeth 1124 respectively match the shape and size of the outer sliding flap sliding grooves 1115, ensuring the mutual sliding of the outer sliding flap side plate 1111 and the inner sliding flap side plate 1121. The mutual sliding between the outer sliding flap 111 and the inner sliding flap 112 realizes the adjustment of the space size between the outer sliding flap 111 and the inner sliding flap 112.
[0034] As Figure 7As shown, according to actual needs, adjust the space between the outer sliding flap 111 and the inner sliding flap 112 and fill it with energy-absorbing material 114. Place the prefabricated controllable directional isolation range buffer charge 1 into the peripheral blast holes of the tunnel face rock mass 2. Among them, the shape and size of the prefabricated controllable directional isolation range buffer charge 1 respectively correspond to the shape and size of the peripheral blast holes. Detonate the detonating cartridge 12, and the explosive wave 3 propagates circumferentially. The energy-absorbing material 114 absorbs the explosive wave 3 and prevents it from propagating into the rock mass. On the other side, the explosive wave 3 directly propagates into the rock mass, causing the rock mass to rupture (cracks 4 are generated), realizing the directional propagation and directional isolation of the explosive wave 3, breaking the rock mass that needs to be blasted, and keeping the rock mass that does not need to be blasted intact.
[0035] The beneficial technical effects of this embodiment are as follows:
[0036] (1) The energy-absorbing material absorbs the explosive wave and prevents it from propagating into the rock mass. On the other side, the explosive wave directly propagates into the rock mass, causing the rock mass to rupture, which can realize the directional propagation and directional isolation of the explosive wave, break the rock mass that needs to be blasted, and keep the rock mass that does not need to be blasted intact. It can not only solve the problem of overbreak and underbreak in tunnels, but also reduce the disturbance to the surrounding rock.
[0037] (2) The controllable directional isolation range buffer cartridge can be reused, saving costs.
[0038] (3) The sliding outer flap and inner flap can be adjusted to narrow or enlarge the directional isolation range, improving the blasting effect.
[0039] (4) The prefabricated controllable directional isolation range buffer charge can save the explosive charging time and can be customized in different specifications according to needs.
[0040] Although the above embodiments have described in detail the concept and implementation of the purpose of the present invention with reference to the drawings, those of ordinary skill in the art can recognize that various improvements and transformations can still be made to the present invention without departing from the scope defined by the claims. Therefore, they will not be elaborated one by one here.
Claims
1. A prefabricated controllable directional isolation range buffer gun, characterized in that: The prefabricated controllable directional isolation range buffer blast is of cylindrical structure and consists of a controllable directional isolation range buffer barrel, explosive cartridges and a housing. The controllable directional isolation range buffer barrel includes a sliding flap mechanism and an explosive cartridge placement cylinder arranged coaxially. An energy dissipation material is filled between the sliding flap mechanism and the explosive cartridge placement cylinder. The explosive cartridge placement cylinder includes a semi-circular inner cylinder and a hoop. The explosive cartridges are placed inside the semi-circular inner cylinder, and both ends of the explosive cartridges are fixed by the hoop. The sliding flap mechanism consists of an outer sliding flap and an inner sliding flap. Both the outer sliding flap and the inner sliding flap move along the outer arc of the semi-circular inner cylinder. The inner sliding flap is arranged inside the outer sliding flap, and the housing wraps the explosive cartridges and the hoop.
2. The prefabricated controllable directional isolation range buffer gun according to claim 1, wherein: The outer sliding flap includes outer sliding flap side plates, an outer sliding flap axial end plate and outer sliding flap radial end plates. The outer sliding flap side plates are arc-shaped plates. Outer sliding flap radial end plates are provided at both radial ends of the outer sliding flap side plates, and an outer sliding flap axial end plate is provided at one axial end of the outer sliding flap side plates. The inner sliding flap includes inner sliding flap side plates, an inner sliding flap axial end plate and inner sliding flap radial end plates. The inner sliding flap side plates are arc-shaped plates. Inner sliding flap radial end plates are provided at both radial ends of the inner sliding flap side plates, and an inner sliding flap axial end plate is provided at one axial end of the inner sliding flap side plates.
3. A prefabricated controllable directional isolation range buffer gun as described in claim 2, characterized in that: Two outer barrel outer sliding flap chutes and two outer barrel inner sliding flap chutes are arranged along the outer arc of the semi-circular inner cylinder. Outer sliding flap radial end plate sliders matching the outer barrel outer sliding flap chutes are connected to the outer sliding flap radial end plates, and inner sliding flap radial end plate sliders matching the outer barrel inner sliding flap chutes are connected to the inner sliding flap radial end plates.
4. A prefabricated controllable directional isolation range buffer gun according to claim 2, characterized in that: Outer sliding flap sliding teeth and outer sliding flap sliding grooves are alternately arranged along the inner axial direction of the outer sliding flap side plates. Both the outer sliding flap sliding teeth and the outer sliding flap sliding grooves are arranged along the arc of the outer sliding flap side plates. Inner sliding flap sliding teeth and inner sliding flap sliding grooves are alternately arranged along the outer axial direction of the inner sliding flap side plates. Both the inner sliding flap sliding teeth and the inner sliding flap sliding grooves are arranged along the arc of the inner sliding flap side plates. The outer sliding flap sliding teeth match the inner sliding flap sliding grooves, and the inner sliding flap sliding teeth match the outer sliding flap sliding grooves.
5. The prefabricated controllable directional isolation range buffer gun according to claim 2, characterized in that: The energy dissipation material is filled in the enclosed space formed by the outer sliding flap side plates, the outer sliding flap axial end plate, the outer sliding flap radial end plates, the inner sliding flap side plates, the inner sliding flap axial end plate and the inner sliding flap radial end plates.
6. A prefabricated controllable directional isolation range buffer gun according to claim 1, characterized in that: The size and shape of the explosive cartridge placement holes of the explosive cartridge placement cylinder respectively correspond to the size and shape of the explosive cartridges.
7. A prefabricated controllable directional isolation range buffer gun according to claim 1, characterized in that: The prefabricated controllable directional isolation range buffer blast is placed in the peripheral blast holes of the tunnel face rock mass. The shape and size of the prefabricated controllable directional isolation range buffer blast respectively correspond to the shape and size of the peripheral blast holes.