Inert gas protection system for energy storage

Abstract

The utility model discloses an inert gas protection system for energy storage, which is characterized in that a nitrogen space pipeline with a pressure regulating valve is arranged in an energy storage box body, and the nitrogen space pipeline is provided with a space nitrogen nozzle through an electric valve. And the nitrogen space pipeline is connected with a nitrogen PACK nozzle through a nitrogen cluster-level pipeline. And a nitrogen exhaust port on the battery pack is connected to the backflow branch pipe through a nitrogen exhaust pipeline. The nitrogen output end of the nitrogen making pry is connected with a gas supply header pipe, the gas supply header pipe is connected with a gas supply branch pipe, and the gas inlet end of the nitrogen space pipeline is connected with the gas outlet end of the gas supply branch pipe. A gas inlet of the nitrogen making pry is connected with a backflow branch pipe through a backflow main pipe. A detector used for detecting fire in the box is further installed in the energy storage box body. Air is used for preparing nitrogen serving as inert gas for protection, nitrogen is circularly generated, the cost of a protection material is reduced, an anaerobic environment is achieved through the inert gas in active protection, new nitrogen is continuously circulated, the storage amount of combustion-supporting oxygen is greatly reduced, and the protection effect is better.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of energy storage container fire protection, and particularly relates to an energy storage container fire protection system. Background Art

[0002] As an integrated energy storage device, a large number of battery modules, electrical systems, thermal management systems, etc. are installed inside the energy storage container. Once a fire breaks out, the fire spreads rapidly and causes great harm. Therefore, an efficient and reliable fire protection system is crucial for ensuring the safe operation of the energy storage container. On the other hand, since lithium batteries are prone to spontaneous combustion and will quickly cause an explosion once spontaneous combustion occurs, in addition to active defense, passive spraying fire extinguishing is also required.

[0003] At present, the mature technology of passive spraying fire extinguishing in the industry is the technology of perfluoromethylcyclohexanone + water fire protection, with low fire extinguishing efficiency and pollution or even damage to the internal structure of the energy storage container. Active protection mainly relies on liquid cooling. On the one hand, heat dissipation pipes for refrigerant circulation need to be installed inside the device, occupying a large amount of internal space of the device. On the other hand, liquid cooling only plays a role in cooling and cannot reduce the oxygen content in the environment where the battery pack is located, and the effect of active protection is not satisfactory. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide an inert gas protection system for energy storage, which uses inert gas to replace the coolant and liquid fire extinguishing agent to achieve passive and active protection, further reduce the cost of protection materials, improve the fire extinguishing efficiency of fire protection, and further improve the safety performance of the energy storage container.

[0005] The technical solution of the utility model is as follows:

[0006] An inert gas protection system for energy storage includes an energy storage box body. A battery pack is installed inside the energy storage box body. A nitrogen PACK spray head is installed on the battery pack. A nitrogen space pipeline with a pressure regulating valve is arranged inside the energy storage box body. An electric valve is installed at the end of the nitrogen space pipeline. A space nitrogen spray head is installed at the end of the electric valve. The nitrogen space pipeline is connected to the nitrogen PACK spray head through a nitrogen cluster pipeline. A nitrogen discharge port is arranged on the battery pack. The nitrogen discharge port is connected to a return branch pipe through a nitrogen discharge pipeline. The protection system further includes a nitrogen generation skid. The nitrogen output end of the nitrogen generation skid is connected to a gas supply main pipe with a flow control valve. The gas supply main pipe is connected with a gas supply branch pipe. The intake end of the nitrogen space pipeline is connected to the outlet end of the gas supply branch pipe. The nitrogen generation skid includes an air compressor installed inside the nitrogen generation skid box body. The intake port of the air compressor is connected with a return main pipe. The outlet end of the return branch pipe is connected to the return main pipe. A detector for detecting a fire in the space inside the energy storage box body is further installed at the inner top inside the energy storage box body.

[0007] Preferably, the nitrogen generation skid further includes a cyclone separator installed inside the nitrogen generation skid box for gas-liquid separation, a refrigerated dryer installed inside the nitrogen generation skid box for liquefying and separating oil and water by low temperature and then discharging clean air, and a PSA nitrogen generation unit installed inside the nitrogen generation skid box for separating nitrogen from other gases.

[0008] More preferably, the nitrogen generation skid further includes a first filter, a second filter, an air buffer tank installed inside the nitrogen generation skid box, and a nitrogen buffer tank equipped with a pressure gauge; the outlet of the air compressor is connected to the front end of the cyclone separator through a pipeline, and the rear end of the cyclone separator is connected to the front end of the refrigerated dryer through a pipeline; the rear end of the refrigerated dryer is connected to the front end of the first filter through a pipeline; the rear end of the first filter is connected to the inlet end of the air buffer tank through a pipeline; the air buffer tank is equipped with an air tank pressure gauge for detecting the pressure inside the tank; the outlet end of the air buffer tank is connected to an air manifold through a pipeline; the air manifold is connected to one or more PSA nitrogen generation units respectively through pipelines with valves; the outlet end of the PSA nitrogen generation unit is connected to a nitrogen manifold; the nitrogen manifold is connected to the front end of the second filter through a pipeline with a valve, and the rear end of the second filter is connected to the nitrogen buffer tank through a pipeline; the outlet end of the nitrogen buffer tank is used as the nitrogen output end of the nitrogen generation skid and is connected to the inlet end of the gas supply main pipe through a flow control valve.

[0009] Even more preferably, a control host is provided inside the energy storage box; the control host is communicatively connected to the control mechanism of the air compressor, the detector, the electric valve, the flow control valve, the pressure regulating valve, the air tank pressure gauge, and the pressure gauge on the nitrogen buffer tank respectively.

[0010] Preferably, the return branch pipe is provided with a check valve for preventing gas backflow.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows:

[0012] First, the nitrogen generation skid uses air to prepare nitrogen, an inert gas for protection, and produces nitrogen in a cycle. This not only reduces the cost of protection materials, but also creates an oxygen-free environment through the inert gas in active protection. By continuously circulating new nitrogen, the stock of oxygen that supports combustion is significantly reduced, and the protection effect is better.

[0013] Second, in the optimized technical solution of the utility model, a control host is provided inside the energy storage box. The control host is respectively connected to the detector, the electric valve, and the pressure regulating valve. The control host receives the detector signal and controls the action of the electric valve. When a fire occurs, the detector senses the fire alarm and feeds back the signal to the control host. The control host issues a command to open the electric valve in a specific energy storage box, spray nitrogen, and start passive fire extinguishing. The pressure is set by the control host. When the pressure in the nitrogen space pipeline is less than the set pressure lower limit, the pressure regulating valve is turned on; when the pressure in the nitrogen space pipeline is greater than the set pressure upper limit, the pressure regulating valve is closed, thereby effectively preventing the battery pack explosion valve from opening due to excessive pressure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the system of the utility model;

[0015] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the energy storage box in the embodiment of the system of the utility model;

[0016] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the utility model system;

[0017] Description of reference numerals:

[0018] 1. Nitrogen skid; 2. Flow control valve; 3. Gas supply main pipe; 4. Gas supply branch pipe; 5. Energy storage box; 6. Check valve; 7. Return branch pipe; 8. Return main pipe; 9. Nitrogen skid box; 10. Battery pack; 11. Detector; 12. Space nitrogen nozzle; 13. Electric valve; 14. Nitrogen space pipeline; 15. Nitrogen cluster pipeline; 16. Nitrogen PACK nozzle; 17. Nitrogen discharge pipeline; 18. Nitrogen discharge outlet; 19. Pressure regulating valve; 20. Control host; 21. Air compressor; 22. First valve; 23 , cyclone separator; 24, separator pressure gauge; 25, second valve; 26, cold dryer; 27, third valve; 28, first filter; 29, fourth valve; 30, air buffer tank; 31, air tank pressure gauge; 32, fifth valve; 33, air collecting pipe; 34, PSA nitrogen production unit; 34-1, air branch pipe; 34-2, nitrogen branch pipe; 34-3, nitrogen exhaust valve; 35, sixth valve; 36, nitrogen collecting pipe; 37, seventh valve; 38, second filter; 39, eighth valve; 40, nitrogen buffer tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the embodiments and drawings.

[0020] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the embodiment of the inert gas protection system for energy storage of the utility model includes more than one (Figure 1 Shows two energy storage boxes 5, that is, the energy storage box 5 is one or N in parallel. A battery pack 10 is installed inside the energy storage box 5, and a nitrogen PACK nozzle 16 is installed on the battery pack 10. A nitrogen space pipeline 14 with a pressure regulating valve 19 is provided inside the energy storage box 5. An electric valve 13 is installed at the end of the nitrogen space pipeline 14, and a space nitrogen nozzle 12 is installed at the end of the electric valve 13 for releasing space nitrogen. The nitrogen space pipeline 14 is connected to a nitrogen cluster pipeline 15, and the layout of the nitrogen cluster pipeline 15 is determined according to the battery cluster arrangement. The nitrogen cluster pipeline 15 is connected to the nitrogen PACK nozzle 16.

[0021] A nitrogen discharge port 18 is provided on each battery pack 10, and all the nitrogen discharge ports 18 are connected to the return branch pipe 7 through a nitrogen discharge pipeline 17. The return branch pipe 7 is provided with a one-way valve 6 to prevent gas from flowing back.

[0022] This embodiment includes a nitrogen generation skid 1 for producing nitrogen. The nitrogen output end of the nitrogen generation skid 1 is connected to a gas supply main pipe 3, and a flow control valve 2 is provided on the gas supply main pipe 3. The gas supply main pipe 3 is connected to a gas supply branch pipe 4, and the intake end of the nitrogen space pipeline 14 is connected to the outlet end of the gas supply branch pipe 4.

[0023] The nitrogen generation skid 1 includes an air compressor 21 installed inside the nitrogen generation skid box 9. The intake port of the air compressor 21 is connected to a return main pipe 8. The outlet ends of all the return branch pipes 7 are connected to the return main pipe 8.

[0024] A detector 11 for detecting a fire in the space of the energy storage box 5 is also installed inside the energy storage box 5 at the inner top.

[0025] The nitrogen generation skid 1 further includes a cyclone separator 23, a cold dryer 26, a first filter 28, an air buffer tank 30, a PSA nitrogen generation unit 34, a second filter 38, and a nitrogen buffer tank 40 installed inside the nitrogen generation skid box 9. As Figure 3 , the outlet of the air compressor 21 is connected to the front end of the cyclone separator 23 through a pipeline with a first valve 22, and the rear end of the cyclone separator 23 is connected to the front end of the cold dryer 26 through a pipeline with a second valve 25.

[0026] The inside of the cyclone separator 23 is a spiral blade. When water vapor enters, a swirling flow is formed, and moisture and oil are liquefied and thrown to the outer wall by centrifugal force, and the air flows out to achieve the separation purpose. A separator drain valve is provided at the bottom of the cyclone separator 23 to drain the separated oil and water. A separator pressure gauge 24 is provided at the top of the cyclone separator 23 to detect the internal pressure of the cyclone separator 23 and judge whether it needs to be replaced and cleaned due to blockage. The cold dryer 26 is used to liquefy and separate oil and water through low temperature and discharge clean air.

[0027] The rear end of the cold dryer 26 is connected to the front end of the first filter 28 through a pipeline with a third valve 27. The rear end of the first filter 28 is connected to the air inlet end of the air buffer tank 30 through a pipeline with a fourth valve 29. The air buffer tank 30 is used to collect and store the filtered clean air.

[0028] The inside of the first filter 28 is made of activated carbon, which is used to adsorb water and oil in the air. The first filter 28 is provided with a fine filter maintenance port for the maintenance of the first filter 28. The bottom of the first filter 28 is equipped with a drain valve for draining the separated oil and water. The top of the first filter 28 is equipped with a pressure gauge for detecting the internal pressure of the first filter 28 to judge whether it is blocked and needs to be replaced and cleaned.

[0029] The air buffer tank 30 is equipped with an air tank pressure gauge 31 for detecting the internal pressure of the air buffer tank 30. When the pressure value is too high, the air compressor 21 is linked to stop running. When the pressure is lower than the set value, the air compressor 21 is linked to start and pressurize the air buffer tank 30. The bottom of the air buffer tank 30 is equipped with a tank drain valve for discharging the accumulated water inside the air buffer tank 30.

[0030] The air outlet end of the air buffer tank 30 is connected to an air manifold 33 through a pipeline with a fifth valve 32. The air manifold 33 is respectively connected to one or more PSA nitrogen generation units 34 through pipelines with a sixth valve 35.

[0031] Specifically, the PSA nitrogen generation unit 34 includes two adsorption towers working alternately. The two adsorption towers are respectively connected to the air manifold 33 through air branch pipes 34-1 with inlet valves. The two adsorption towers are also respectively connected to nitrogen branch pipes 34-2 through pipelines with outlet valves. The nitrogen branch pipes 34-2 are connected to a nitrogen discharge branch pipe with a nitrogen discharge valve 34-3. The air outlet ends of all the nitrogen discharge branch pipes are connected to a nitrogen manifold 36. The nitrogen manifold 36 is connected to the front end of the second filter 38 through a pipeline with a seventh valve 37. The rear end of the second filter 38 is connected to the nitrogen buffer tank 40 through a pipeline with an eighth valve 39. The air outlet end of the nitrogen buffer tank 40 serves as the nitrogen output end of the nitrogen generation skid 1 and is connected to the air inlet end of the gas supply main pipe 3 through a flow control valve 2.

[0032] The second filter 38 is used to remove oil and water impurities in the nitrogen. The top of the second filter 38 is equipped with a filter pressure gauge for detecting the internal pressure of the second filter 38 to judge whether it is blocked and needs to be replaced and cleaned. The bottom of the second filter 38 is equipped with a drain valve for draining the oil and water. The function of the nitrogen buffer tank 40 is to store the purified and clean nitrogen. The upper part of the nitrogen buffer tank 40 is equipped with a pressure gauge. The lower part of the nitrogen buffer tank 40 is equipped with a drain valve for discharging the accumulated liquid.

[0033] The PSA nitrogen generation unit 34 separates nitrogen from other gases by pressure change. Air is mainly composed of nitrogen and oxygen. The PSA nitrogen generation unit uses an adsorbent (usually carbon molecular sieve) to selectively adsorb oxygen to achieve the separation of nitrogen and oxygen. Under high pressure, the carbon molecular sieve has a large adsorption capacity for oxygen and a small adsorption capacity for nitrogen; under low pressure, the carbon molecular sieve releases the adsorbed oxygen to achieve the purpose of regeneration. Using this cycle of adsorption and desorption, the PSA nitrogen generation unit can continuously extract high-purity nitrogen from the air.

[0034] Furthermore, a control host 20 is provided inside the energy storage box body 5, and the control host 20 is communicatively connected to the control mechanism of the air compressor 21, the detector 11, the electric valve 13, the flow control valve 2, the pressure regulating valve 19, the air tank pressure gauge 31, and the pressure gauge on the upper part of the nitrogen buffer tank 40 respectively.

[0035] The control host 20 receives the signal from the detector 11 and controls the operation of the electric valve 13. Using the parameter settings of the control host 20, the total system flow is adjusted through the flow control valve 2. When the flow reaches the high limit of the set value, the air compressor 21 stops working, and when it is less than the set high limit value, it continues to work; when the flow is less than the set low limit value, the air compressor 21 works with variable frequency pressurization, and when the system is greater than the low limit value, it continues to work.

[0036] The pressure is set through the control host 20. When the pressure in the nitrogen space pipeline 14 is less than the lower limit of the set pressure, the pressure regulating valve 19 is turned on; when the pressure in the nitrogen space pipeline 14 is greater than the upper limit of the set pressure, the pressure regulating valve 19 is closed to prevent the battery pack explosion relief valve from opening due to excessive pressure. The electric valve 13 is controlled by the control host 20.

[0037] When the pressure value detected by the air tank pressure gauge 31 is too high, the air compressor 21 is linked to stop running. When the pressure is lower than the set value, the air compressor 21 is linked to start pressurizing the air buffer tank 30.

[0038] When the internal pressure value of the nitrogen buffer tank 40 is too high, the air compressor 21 is linked to stop running. When the pressure is lower than the set value, the air compressor 21 is linked to start pressurizing.

[0039] The overall working principle of the present utility model is as follows:

[0040] The recycled gas enters the nitrogen production skid 1 and is inhaled by the air compressor pump set into the air compressor 21 for gas compression and discharged under pressure. The discharged gas undergoes preliminary separation of oil and water through the centrifugal action of the cyclone separator 23. The gas after preliminary separation of oil and water enters the refrigerated dryer 26, where heat exchange is carried out between the refrigerant and the compressed air to reduce the temperature of the compressed air to the dew point temperature in the range of 2 - 10 °C, liquefy the remaining oil and water, and implement secondary separation.

[0041] The gas then passes through the activated carbon filtration in the first filter 28 for oil and water adsorption filtration to obtain clean gas. The clean gas enters the air buffer tank 30 for storage and pressure maintenance.

[0042] The gas in the air buffer tank 30 enters the PSA nitrogen production unit. In the PSA nitrogen production unit 34, the separation of nitrogen from other gases in the air is achieved through pressure changes. The PSA nitrogen production unit 34 utilizes the selective adsorption of oxygen by the adsorbent (usually carbon molecular sieve) to achieve the separation purpose. Under high pressure, the carbon molecular sieve has a large adsorption capacity for oxygen and a small adsorption capacity for nitrogen; under low pressure, the carbon molecular sieve releases the adsorbed oxygen to achieve the purpose of regeneration. By using this adsorption and desorption cycle process, the PSA nitrogen generator 34 can continuously extract high-purity nitrogen from the air. The purified nitrogen enters the second filter 38 for final removal of oil and water, and then enters the nitrogen buffer tank 40 for storage and pressure maintenance.

[0043] The nitrogen in the nitrogen buffer tank 40 enters the battery pack 10 to initiate active protection, and then is discharged from the battery pack 10 and recycled back to the air compressor 21.

[0044] When a fire occurs, the detector 11 senses the fire alarm and feeds back the signal to the control host 20. The control host 20 issues an instruction to open the electric valve 13 in a specific energy storage box body to spray nitrogen and initiate passive fire extinguishing.

Claims

1. An inert gas protection system for energy storage, comprising an energy storage box body (5), wherein a battery pack (10) is installed inside the energy storage box body (5), and a nitrogen PACK nozzle (16) is installed on the battery pack (10), and it is characterized in that: Inside the energy storage box body (5), there is a nitrogen space pipeline (14) with a pressure regulating valve (19). An electric valve (13) is installed at the end of the nitrogen space pipeline (14), and a space nitrogen spray head (12) is installed at the end of the electric valve (13); the nitrogen space pipeline (14) is connected to the nitrogen PACK spray head (16) through a nitrogen cluster pipeline (15); a nitrogen discharge port (18) is provided on the battery pack (10), and the nitrogen discharge port (18) is connected to the reflux branch pipe (7) through a nitrogen discharge pipeline (17); the protection system further includes a nitrogen production skid (1), and the nitrogen output end of the nitrogen production skid (1) is connected to a gas supply main pipe (3) with a flow control valve (2); the gas supply main pipe (3) is connected with a gas supply branch pipe (4), and the intake end of the nitrogen space pipeline (14) is connected to the outlet end of the gas supply branch pipe (4); the nitrogen production skid (1) includes an air compressor (21) installed inside the nitrogen production skid box body (9), and the intake port of the air compressor (21) is connected with a reflux main pipe (8); the outlet end of the reflux branch pipe (7) is connected to the reflux main pipe (8); a detector (11) for detecting a fire in the space of the energy storage box body (5) is also installed inside the energy storage box body (5) at the inner top.

2. The inert gas protection system for energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nitrogen production skid (1) further includes a cyclone separator (23) installed inside the nitrogen production skid box body (9) for gas-liquid separation, a cold dryer (26) installed inside the nitrogen production skid box body (9) for liquefying and separating oil and water by low temperature and then discharging clean air, and a PSA nitrogen production unit (34) installed inside the nitrogen production skid box body (9) for separating nitrogen from other gases.

3. The inert gas protection system for energy storage according to claim 2, characterized in that: The nitrogen production skid (1) further includes a first filter (28), a second filter (38), an air buffer tank (30) installed inside the nitrogen production skid box body (9), and a nitrogen buffer tank (40) equipped with a pressure gauge; the outlet of the air compressor (21) is connected to the front end of the cyclone separator (23) through a pipeline, and the rear end of the cyclone separator (23) is connected to the front end of the cold dryer (26) through a pipeline; the rear end of the cold dryer (26) is connected to the front end of the first filter (28) through a pipeline; the rear end of the first filter (28) is connected to the intake end of the air buffer tank (30) through a pipeline; the air buffer tank (30) is equipped with an air tank pressure gauge (31) for detecting the pressure inside the tank; the outlet end of the air buffer tank (30) is connected to an air manifold (33) through a pipeline; the air manifold (33) is connected to one or more PSA nitrogen production units (34) respectively through a pipeline with a valve; the outlet end of the PSA nitrogen production unit (34) is connected to a nitrogen manifold (36); the nitrogen manifold (36) is connected to the front end of the second filter (38) through a pipeline with a valve, and the rear end of the second filter (38) is connected to the nitrogen buffer tank (40) through a pipeline; the outlet end of the nitrogen buffer tank (40) serves as the nitrogen output end of the nitrogen production skid (1) and is connected to the intake end of the gas supply main pipe (3) through a flow control valve (2).

4. The inert gas protection system for energy storage according to claim 3, characterized in that: The interior of the energy storage box body (5) is provided with a control host (20); the control host (20) is respectively communicatively connected with the control mechanism of the air compressor (21), the detector (11), the electric valve (13), the flow control valve (2), the pressure regulating valve (19), the air tank pressure gauge (31), and the pressure gauge on the nitrogen buffer tank (40).

5. The inert gas protection system for energy storage according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, characterized in that: The return branch pipe (7) is provided with a check valve (6) for preventing gas from flowing back.

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