Pyramid-type expanding machine for large ring piece

Abstract

The utility model discloses a pyramid type expanding machine for a large ring piece, which comprises a stretching oil cylinder fixed in a foundation and a plurality of outer lining plate groups, and a supporting seat is fixedly arranged at the top of a cylinder body of the stretching oil cylinder. A rotary worktable which is supported on the worktable base through a hydrostatic guideway system and is driven to rotate by a rotary power mechanism is sleeved on the supporting seat; a bracket is arranged on the rotary workbench located at the supporting seat, a pyramid shaft with 2-3 regular pyramids is fixedly connected to the end of a piston rod of a stretching oil cylinder penetrating through a middle channel of the supporting seat, and the side faces, located on the same side, of all the regular pyramids are generally called as bench bearing faces. A fan-shaped block is installed on the step bearing face on each side through a sliding structure, and a plurality of ring piece supports are evenly distributed on the rotary workbench in the annular direction at intervals and covered with heat insulation materials. The structure has the advantages that the roundness correction effect of the large ring piece is good, the rejection rate of the ring piece and the waste rate of materials are greatly reduced, and the cost is saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of large ring sizing, in particular to a large ring pyramid type expanding machine. Background Art

[0002] With the development of fields such as wind power generation, marine equipment, nuclear power, and aviation, there is a large demand for large rings with large diameters and large wall thicknesses as raw materials. Large rings are obtained by ring forging equipment. At present, the existing ring forging equipment cannot achieve the goal of high-precision forming of large rings. Therefore, the cross-section tolerance of the large rings obtained after ring forging is relatively large. For such large rings, only after natural cooling can they be machined to qualified dimensional tolerances by machining equipment. During the machining process, if the machining allowance left on the large ring is small, it will cause the turning machining to not reach the required dimensional requirements, resulting in the scrapping of the large ring. If the machining allowance is increased, it will cause serious material waste. And the materials of large rings are usually high-priced alloy steels, which greatly increases the production cost. Content of the Utility Model

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a large ring pyramid type expanding machine that is convenient to operate, can correct the roundness error of large rings after ring forging, and has a good correction effect.

[0004] To solve the problems of high scrapping rate and serious material waste caused by large roundness error of large rings after ring forging, the utility model designs a large ring pyramid type expanding machine for correcting the roundness error of large rings after ring forging. After using this large ring pyramid type expanding machine to correct the large rings after ring forging, the roundness error of the large rings is less than 3 mm. Therefore, a relatively small machining allowance can be retained. The specific scheme is as follows:

[0005] The large ring pyramid type expanding machine is arranged on the foundation. The middle part of the foundation is recessed inward to form an installation chamber. The large ring pyramid type expanding machine includes: a stretching oil cylinder, the cylinder body of the stretching oil cylinder is fixedly installed in the installation chamber, and the end of the piston rod of the stretching oil cylinder points directly upward; a support seat is fixedly arranged on the top of the cylinder body of the stretching oil cylinder, a rotating workbench is sleeved on the support seat, a workbench base is fixedly arranged on the foundation below the rotating workbench, and a hydrostatic guide system is arranged between the bottom surface of the rotating workbench and the top surface of the workbench base. After injecting oil into the hydrostatic guide system, the rotating workbench is supported by the hydraulic film in the hydrostatic guide system. A rotating power mechanism capable of driving the rotating workbench to rotate around its own axis is arranged at the rotating workbench.

[0006] A bracket is provided on the rotary worktable located at the support base. A pyramid shaft is fixedly connected to the end of the piston rod of the stretching oil cylinder passing through the central channel of the support base. The pyramid shaft is vertically arranged, and there are 2 to 3 regular pyramids on the pyramid shaft from top to bottom. Each regular pyramid structure is exactly the same, and the outer contour dimension of the top of each regular pyramid is larger than the outer contour dimension of the bottom. Among them, each regular pyramid preferably has an octagonal pyramid structure. Each side surface of each regular pyramid is a bearing surface. The bearing surfaces on the same side of all regular pyramids are collectively called the stepped bearing surface. Each stepped bearing surface on each side corresponds to a sector block. The inner side surface contour of each sector block is a stepped inclined surface corresponding to the contour of the corresponding stepped bearing surface. The outer side surface contour of each sector block is an arc-shaped curved surface. Each sector block is installed on the corresponding stepped bearing surface through its corresponding sliding structure. Each sector block is placed on the bracket and the outer contour surfaces of each sector block are always on the same circumferential surface. During the process of the piston rod of the stretching oil cylinder retracting downward or extending upward, through the cooperation of each regular pyramid and each sliding structure, each sector block is forced to expand horizontally outward or retract inward synchronously.

[0007] It also includes: several groups of outer lining plate groups. The number of each first outer lining plate in the first group of outer lining plate groups is the same as the number of sector blocks, and each first outer lining plate corresponds to a sector block respectively. Each first outer lining plate can be respectively fixed to the corresponding sector block or disassembled from the corresponding sector block through the first detachable connection structure. And the outer contour surfaces of the first outer lining plates respectively fixed to the corresponding sector blocks through the first detachable connection structure are always on the same circumferential surface. The number of each (n + 1)th outer lining plate in the (n + 1)th group of outer lining plate groups is the same as the number of each nth outer lining plate in the nth group of outer lining plate groups, and each (n + 1)th outer lining plate corresponds to an nth outer lining plate respectively. Each (n + 1)th outer lining plate can be respectively fixed to the corresponding nth outer lining plate or disassembled from the corresponding nth outer lining plate through the (n + 1)th detachable connection structure. And the outer contour surfaces of the (n + 1)th outer lining plates respectively fixed to the corresponding nth outer lining plates through the (n + 1)th detachable connection structure are always on the same circumferential surface. The n is an integer, and n = 1, 2, 3...

[0008] By designing several groups of outer lining plate groups here, the applicable range of the large ring part pyramid type diameter expanding machine can be expanded, and it can be applicable to the correction operation of large ring parts with the inner hole diameter of the ring part in the range of φ900mm to φ25000mm. During the actual use process, the number of groups of outer lining plate groups installed on the large ring part pyramid type diameter expanding machine is determined according to the taper of the regular pyramid, the stroke of the stretching oil cylinder and the inner hole diameter of the ring part.

[0009] Among them, the structures of the first detachable connection structure and the (n + 1)-th detachable connection structure are the same. Here, their structures are preferably as follows: a clamping structure formed by the cooperation of a T-shaped block and a T-shaped groove, and a fastening structure formed by the cooperation of a countersunk hole and a countersunk screw. The clamping structure formed by the cooperation of a T-shaped block and a T-shaped groove is a common structure in the machinery manufacturing industry, and the fastening structure formed by the cooperation of a countersunk hole and a countersunk screw is also a common structure in the machinery manufacturing industry. Therefore, no further elaboration will be given here.

[0010] Since the overall structure of the equipment is huge, the downward acting force of each group of outer lining plate groups is also large. Therefore, in this solution, a number of outer lining plate supporting wheels for supporting the outer lining plate groups are evenly distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction on the rotating workbench located on the periphery of the bracket. Among them, the number of outer lining plate supporting wheels is preferably six.

[0011] A number of ring supports are evenly distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction on the rotating workbench. Among them, the number of ring supports is preferably six, and each ring support is installed on the rotating workbench through a corresponding radial displacement adjusting structure. Among them, the radial displacement adjusting structure is a common displacement adjusting structure in this field, usually composed of a guide rail, a slider that can slide along the guide rail, and a plurality of bolts that can fix the slider on the guide rail. At this time, the bottom of the ring support is designed as the structure of the slider, or a slider is installed at the bottom of the ring support, a guide rail that cooperates with the slider is installed on the rotating workbench, and several bolts that can fix the slider on the guide rail are added. By loosening each bolt, the ring support can be pushed to slide along the guide rail, so as to adjust the radial distance from the ring support to the center of the rotating workbench. By tightening each bolt, the position of the ring support can be locked. After adjusting the positions of the ring supports according to the size of the large ring, the large ring heated to 700 - 750 °C is hoisted by a crane and placed on each ring support. Since the temperature of the large ring is very high, here, heat insulation materials are covered on the remaining exposed upper surfaces of the rotating workbench except the top of the ring support and each outer lining plate supporting wheel, ensuring that the temperature does not conduct downward, so as to protect the large ring pyramid type diameter expander and extend its service life.

[0012] Further, for the aforementioned large ring-piece pyramid type diameter-expanding machine, the sliding structure is as follows: on each bearing surface corresponding to the step bearing surface, a T-shaped sliding groove is provided, and the T-shaped sliding grooves on the corresponding step bearing surfaces are parallel to each other. On the step inclined surfaces of the corresponding sector blocks, T-shaped sliding blocks are respectively provided and are inserted into the T-shaped sliding grooves on the corresponding bearing surfaces. When the piston rod of the stretching oil cylinder retracts downward, it will pull the pyramid shaft to move downward synchronously. During the synchronous downward movement of the pyramid shaft, since the regular pyramids on the pyramid shaft gradually increase in contour from bottom to top, during the downward movement of each regular pyramid, it will force the T-shaped sliding blocks on each sector block to slide upward relative to the corresponding T-shaped sliding grooves, so that each sector block expands outward synchronously, thereby achieving the purpose of diameter expansion. On the contrary, when the piston rod of the stretching oil cylinder extends upward, it will pull the pyramid shaft to move upward synchronously. During the synchronous upward movement of the pyramid shaft, since the regular pyramids on the pyramid shaft gradually increase in contour from bottom to top, during the upward movement of each regular pyramid, it will force the T-shaped sliding blocks on each sector block to slide downward relative to the corresponding T-shaped sliding grooves, so that each sector block will be pulled to retract inward synchronously until it returns to its original position.

[0013] Further, for the aforementioned large ring-piece pyramid type diameter-expanding machine, the structure of the rotational power mechanism is as follows: a speed reducer is fixedly arranged on the foundation, the input end of the speed reducer is fixedly connected to the motor shaft of the motor fixed on the speed reducer, a driving gear is fixedly installed at the output end of the speed reducer, and a driven gear meshing with the driving gear is fixedly installed on the rotating workbench; a concentric guiding mechanism for guiding the rotating workbench to always rotate around its own axis is further provided on the periphery of the rotating workbench.

[0014] Further, for the aforementioned large ring-piece pyramid type diameter-expanding machine, the concentric guiding mechanism is composed of a number of concentric guiding structures evenly spaced on the periphery of the rotating workbench. Among them, the number of concentric guiding structures is preferably six. Each concentric guiding structure is: an installation seat is fixedly arranged on the foundation, and two centering pressure wheels are installed in the installation seat, and the two centering pressure wheels are in rolling contact with the outer circumferential side wall of the rotating workbench.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows: The plasticity of metal materials is the best within the plastic deformation temperature range. Therefore, by using the large ring-piece pyramid type diameter-expanding machine to correct the roundness of large workpieces in the hot state of the workpieces, it can ensure that the overall comprehensive error of the roundness of the large ring pieces after correction is less than 3 mm, the correction effect is very good, greatly reducing the scrap rate of the ring pieces and the waste rate of materials, and saving costs. Description of the Drawings

[0016] Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structure view of the large ring-piece pyramid type diameter-expanding machine of the present utility model.

[0017] Figure 2 Is Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the positions and connections among a regular pyramid, each sector block, a set of outer lining plate groups, and a ring part.

[0018] Figure 3 Is Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the regular pyramid, each sector block, and a set of outer lining plate groups shown by A-A in

[0019] Figure 4 Is Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the enlarged partial structure of part B in

[0020] Figure 5 Is Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure in the top view direction.

[0021] Figure 6 Is Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the enlarged partial structure of part C in

[0022] Wherein: 1. Foundation; 11. Installation chamber; 2. Tensile oil cylinder; 21. Piston rod; 3. Support seat; 4. Rotary worktable; 41. Worktable base; 42. Hydrostatic guide system; 43. Bracket; 44. Outer lining plate supporting wheel; 45. Heat insulation material; 5. Reducer; 50. Concentric guiding structure; 51. Motor; 52. Driving gear; 53. Driven gear; 54. Mounting seat; 55. Centering pressure wheel; 6. Pyramid shaft; 61. Regular pyramid; 62. T-shaped chute; 7. Sector block; 71. T-shaped slider; 72. T-shaped groove; 81. First outer lining plate; 82. T-shaped block; 9. Ring part support; 91. Radial displacement adjustment structure; 10. Large ring part. Specific implementation mode

[0023] The technical solution of the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0024] Such as Figure 1 , Figure 4 And Figure 5As shown in the figure, in this embodiment, the large ring pyramid type diameter expanding machine is arranged on the foundation 1. A mounting chamber 11 is recessed inward in the middle of the foundation 1. The large ring pyramid type diameter expanding machine includes: a stretching oil cylinder 2. The cylinder body of the stretching oil cylinder 2 is fixedly installed in the mounting chamber 11, and the end of the piston rod 21 of the stretching oil cylinder 2 points directly upward. A support seat 3 is fixedly arranged on the top of the cylinder body of the stretching oil cylinder 2. A rotary worktable 4 is sleeved on the support seat 3. A worktable base 41 is fixedly arranged on the foundation 1 below the rotary worktable 4. A hydrostatic guide system 42 is arranged between the bottom surface of the rotary worktable 4 and the top surface of the worktable base 41. After injecting oil into the hydrostatic guide system 42, the rotary worktable 4 is supported by the hydraulic film in the hydrostatic guide system. Here, it is sufficient to lift the rotary worktable 4 by about ten-thousandths of an inch. Among them, the hydrostatic guide system 42 is a mature product. Here, only the hydrostatic guide system 42 is applied, so the structure of the hydrostatic guide system 42 will not be elaborated here. A rotary power mechanism capable of driving the rotary worktable 4 to rotate around its own axis is arranged at the rotary worktable 4.

[0025] The structure of the rotary power mechanism in this embodiment is as follows: As Figure 1 and Figure 4 shown, a reduction gearbox 5 is fixedly arranged on the foundation 1. The input end of the reduction gearbox 5 is fixedly connected to the motor shaft of the motor 51 fixed on the reduction gearbox 5. A driving gear 52 is fixedly installed at the output end of the reduction gearbox 5. A driven gear 53 meshing with the driving gear 52 is fixedly installed on the rotary worktable 4. A concentric guiding mechanism for guiding the rotary worktable 4 to always rotate around its own axis is also arranged outside the rotary worktable 4.

[0026] The concentric guiding mechanism in this embodiment is composed of a plurality of concentric guiding structures 50 evenly distributed around the rotary worktable 4. Among them, the number of concentric guiding structures 50 is preferably six. As Figure 5 and Figure 6 shown, the specific structure of each concentric guiding structure 50 is: A mounting seat 54 is fixedly arranged on the foundation 1. Two centering pressure wheels 55 are installed in the mounting seat 54. The two centering pressure wheels 55 are in rolling contact with the outer circumferential side wall of the rotary worktable 4.

[0027] A bracket 43 is arranged on the rotary worktable 4 at the position of the support seat 3. The end of the piston rod 21 of the stretching oil cylinder 2 passing through the middle channel of the support seat 3 is fixedly connected with a pyramid shaft 6. The pyramid shaft 6 is arranged vertically, and there are 2 - 3 regular pyramids 61 on the pyramid shaft 6 from top to bottom. Figure 2The structural form of the pyramid shaft 6 with two regular pyramids 61 is given. Each regular pyramid structure is completely identical, and the outer contour dimension of the top end of each regular pyramid is larger than that of the bottom end. Among them, each regular pyramid 61 preferably has a regular octagonal pyramid structure, and each side surface of each regular pyramid 61 is a bearing surface; the bearing surfaces located on the same side of all the regular pyramids 61 are collectively called the stepped bearing surface. Each stepped bearing surface on each side corresponds to a sector block 7. The inner side surface contour of each sector block 7 is a stepped inclined surface corresponding to the contour of the corresponding stepped bearing surface. The outer side surface contour of each sector block 7 is an arc-shaped curved surface. Each sector block 7 is installed on the corresponding stepped bearing surface through its corresponding sliding structure. Each sector block 7 is placed on the bracket 43, and the outer contour surfaces of each sector block 7 are always on the same circumferential surface; during the process of the piston rod 21 of the stretching oil cylinder 2 retracting downward or extending upward, through the cooperation of each regular pyramid 61 and each sliding structure, each sector block 7 is forced to expand horizontally outward synchronously or retract inward synchronously.

[0028] Among them, in this embodiment, the sliding structure is as follows Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a T-shaped chute 62 is provided on each bearing surface of the corresponding stepped bearing surface, and the T-shaped chutes 62 on the corresponding stepped bearing surface are parallel to each other. T-shaped sliders 71 are respectively provided on the stepped inclined surfaces of the corresponding sector blocks and are snapped into the T-shaped chutes 62 on the corresponding bearing surfaces. When the piston rod 21 of the stretching oil cylinder 2 retracts downward, it will pull the pyramid shaft 6 to move downward synchronously. During the process of the pyramid shaft 6 moving downward synchronously, since the regular pyramids 61 on the pyramid shaft 6 gradually increase in contour from bottom to top, during the process of each regular pyramid 61 moving downward, the T-shaped sliders 71 on each sector block 7 are forced to slide upward relative to the corresponding T-shaped chute 62, so that each sector block 7 expands outward synchronously, thus achieving the purpose of expanding the diameter. On the contrary, when the piston rod 21 of the stretching oil cylinder 2 extends upward, it will pull the pyramid shaft 6 to move upward synchronously. During the process of the pyramid shaft 6 moving upward synchronously, since the regular pyramids 61 on the pyramid shaft 6 gradually increase in contour from bottom to top, during the process of each regular pyramid 61 moving upward, the T-shaped sliders 71 on each sector block 7 are forced to slide downward relative to the corresponding T-shaped chute 62, so that each sector block 7 will be pulled to retract inward synchronously until it returns to its original position.

[0029] The large ring part pyramid type diameter expanding machine further includes: several groups of outer lining plate groups, and the number of outer lining plate groups can be one group, two groups, three groups, or even more. For the convenience of description, the group of outer lining plate groups located in the innermost circle is defined as the first group of outer lining plate groups here, and then they are defined as the second outer lining plate group, the third outer lining plate group... in sequence from the inside to the outside

[0030] When a group of outer lining plate groups needs to be installed, such as Figure 2As shown, the number of each first outer lining plate 81 in the first group of outer lining plate groups is the same as the number of the sector blocks 7, and each first outer lining plate 81 corresponds to one sector block 7 respectively. Each first outer lining plate 81 can be respectively fixed on the corresponding sector block 7 or detached from the corresponding sector block 7 through the first detachable connection structure. And during the process of the main driving device driving the movement, the outer contour surfaces of the first outer lining plates 81 are always on the same circumferential surface.

[0031] When it is necessary to install the second group of outer lining plate groups, on the basis of the above structure, the number of each second outer lining plate in the second group of outer lining plate groups is the same as the number of each first outer lining plate 81 in the first group of outer lining plate groups, and each second outer lining plate corresponds to one first outer lining plate 81 respectively. Each second outer lining plate can be respectively fixed on the corresponding first outer lining plate 81 or detached from the corresponding first outer lining plate 81 through the second detachable connection structure. And during the process of the main driving device driving the movement, the outer contour surfaces of the second outer lining plates 82 are always on the same circumferential surface.

[0032] When it is necessary to install three groups or more groups of outer lining plate groups, the same applies. The number of each (n + 1)-th outer lining plate in the (n + 1)-th group of outer lining plate groups is the same as the number of each n-th outer lining plate in the n-th group of outer lining plate groups, and each (n + 1)-th outer lining plate corresponds to one n-th outer lining plate respectively. Each (n + 1)-th outer lining plate can be respectively fixed on the corresponding n-th outer lining plate or detached from the corresponding n-th outer lining plate through the (n + 1)-th detachable connection structure. And during the process of the main driving device driving the movement, the outer contour surfaces of the (n + 1)-th outer lining plates are always on the same circumferential surface. Here, n is an integer, and n = 1, 2, 3...

[0033] Among them, the structures of the first detachable connection structure and the (n + 1)-th detachable connection structure are the same. Here, their structures are preferably as follows: such as Figure 3As shown in the figure, it is composed of a clamping structure formed by the cooperation of the T-shaped block 82 and the T-shaped groove 72, and a fastening structure formed by the cooperation of the countersunk hole and the countersunk screw. The clamping structure formed by the cooperation of the T-shaped block 82 and the T-shaped 723 is a common structure in the machinery manufacturing industry, and the fastening structure formed by the cooperation of the countersunk hole and the countersunk screw is also a common structure in the machinery manufacturing industry. Therefore, it will not be elaborated here. Here, the first detachable connection structure will be briefly described. Among them, the T-shaped block 82 is designed on the first outer lining plate 81, and then the T-shaped groove 72 that cooperates with the T-shaped block 82 is designed on the corresponding fan-shaped block 7. In this way, the first outer lining plate 81 can be hung on the corresponding fan-shaped block 7 by the way that the T-shaped block 82 is clamped in the T-shaped groove 72. Then, countersunk holes are opened on the first outer lining plate 81, and the countersunk part of the countersunk screw connecting the first outer lining plate 81 and the fan-shaped block 7 sinks into the countersunk holes, ensuring that the countersunk screw does not protrude from the first outer lining plate 81. Usually, two countersunk screws correspond to one first outer lining plate 81. The same setting form is also adopted between the first outer lining plate 81 and the corresponding second outer lining plate, and the same setting form is also adopted between the second outer lining plate and the corresponding third outer lining plate, and so on.

[0034] Here, several groups of outer lining plate groups are designed, which can expand the applicable range of the large ring piece pyramid type diameter expander, and can be applicable to the correction operation of large ring pieces with the inner hole diameter in the range of φ900mm to φ25000mm. During the actual use process, the number of groups of outer lining plate groups installed on the large ring piece pyramid type diameter expander is determined according to the taper of the regular pyramid, the stroke of the stretching oil cylinder, and the inner hole diameter of the large ring piece. Table 1 gives the suitable sizes and materials of the diameter-expanded ring pieces of the large ring piece pyramid type diameter expander.

[0035] Table 1. Suitable Sizes and Materials of the Diameter-Expanded Ring Pieces of the Large Ring Piece Pyramid Type Diameter Expander

[0036]

[0037] Because the downward acting force of each group of outer lining plate groups is also relatively large, several outer lining plate supporting wheels 44 for supporting the outer lining plate groups are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction on the rotary table 4 located outside the bracket 43 in this solution. Among them, the number of the outer lining plate supporting wheels 44 is preferably six.

[0038] A number of ring supports 9 are evenly spaced circumferentially on the rotary table 4. Among them, the number of ring supports 9 is preferably six, and each ring support 9 is installed on the rotary table 4 through a corresponding radial displacement adjustment structure 91. Among them, the radial displacement adjustment structure 91 is a common displacement adjustment structure in the art, usually composed of a guide rail, a slider that can slide along the guide rail, and a plurality of bolts that can fix the slider on the guide rail. At this time, the bottom of the ring support 9 is designed as the structure of the slider, or a slider is installed at the bottom of the ring support 9, a guide rail cooperating with the slider is installed on the rotary table 4, and several bolts that can fix the slider on the guide rail are added. Loosen each bolt, and the ring support 9 can be pushed to slide along the guide rail, so as to adjust the radial distance from the ring support 9 to the center of the rotary table 4. Tighten each bolt, and the position of the ring support 9 can be locked. After adjusting the positions of the ring supports 9 according to the size of the large ring, the large ring heated to about 750 °C is hoisted by a crane and placed on each ring support 9. Since the temperature of the large ring is very high, heat insulation materials 45 are covered on the remaining exposed upper surfaces of the rotary table 4 except the tops of the ring supports 9 and the outer lining plate supporting wheels 44 to ensure that the temperature does not conduct downward.

[0039] The process of roundness correction using the above large ring pyramid type diameter expanding machine is as follows:

[0040] First, determine the ring dimensions of the large ring 10 to be diameter-expanded: inner hole diameter of the ring, height of the ring, wall thickness of the ring, and material of the ring. Then, adjust the radial positions of the ring supports 9 according to the ring dimensions so that the positions of the ring supports 9 can just support the large ring 10. Then, select an appropriate number of groups of outer lining plate groups according to the ring dimensions and install the selected outer lining plate groups on each sector block 7.

[0041] Next, hoist the large ring 10 that has been heated to 700 - 750 °C by a traveling crane and hoist the large ring 10 onto the adjusted ring support 91. Start the stretching oil cylinder 2, and the piston rod 21 of the stretching oil cylinder 2 retracts downward, pulling the pyramid shaft 6 to move downward synchronously. During the synchronous downward movement of the pyramid shaft 6, since the outline of each regular pyramid 61 on the pyramid shaft 6 gradually becomes larger from bottom to top, during the downward movement of each regular pyramid 61, it will force each sector block 7 to expand outward synchronously, gradually contact, adhere to, and extrude the inner hole wall of the large ring 10 to the set position. Then, reverse the movement of the piston rod 21 of the stretching oil cylinder 2 to return to its original position, completing one diameter expansion. After repeating the diameter expansion several times back and forth, drive the rotary table 4 to rotate by a certain angle through the rotary power mechanism, and then repeat the above diameter expansion steps. After repeating the diameter expansion several times back and forth, continue to drive the rotary table 4 to rotate by a certain angle, and then repeat the above steps until the roundness of the large ring 10 is corrected to the required value. During the diameter expansion process, since the cooling rate of the large ring 10 is relatively fast, if the temperature drops to a level where it is no longer suitable for the diameter expansion of the large ring 10, it is necessary to hoist out the large ring 10, reheat the large ring 10 in a furnace to the most suitable plastic deformation region temperature, which is 700 - 750 °C, and then send it back to the large ring pyramid type diameter expansion machine for the above diameter expansion process.

[0042] The plasticity of metal materials is the best within the plastic deformation temperature range. Therefore, by using a large ring pyramid type diameter expansion machine to correct the roundness of the large workpiece 10 in the hot state of the workpiece, it can ensure that the overall comprehensive error of the roundness of the large ring 10 after correction is less than 3 mm, and the correction effect is very good, greatly reducing the scrap rate of the large ring 10 and the material waste rate, and saving costs.

[0043] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it is not a limitation of the present invention in any other form. Any modification or equivalent change made according to the technical essence of the present invention still belongs to the scope protected by the present invention.

Claims

1. Large ring pyramid type diameter expanding machine, characterized in that: The middle part of the foundation is recessed inward to form an installation chamber. The cylinder block of the stretching oil cylinder is fixedly installed in the installation chamber, and the end of the piston rod of the stretching oil cylinder points directly upward. A support seat is fixedly arranged on the top of the cylinder block of the stretching oil cylinder. The rotating workbench is sleeved on the support seat. A workbench base is fixedly arranged on the foundation below the rotating workbench. A hydrostatic guide system for supporting the rotating workbench is arranged between the bottom surface of the rotating workbench and the top surface of the workbench base. A rotating power mechanism capable of driving the rotating workbench to rotate around its own axis is arranged at the rotating workbench. A bracket is arranged on the rotating workbench at the position of the support seat. A pyramid shaft is fixedly connected to the end of the piston rod of the stretching oil cylinder passing through the middle channel of the support seat. The pyramid shaft is arranged vertically, and there are 2-3 regular pyramids on the pyramid shaft from top to bottom. Each side surface of each regular pyramid is a bearing surface. The bearing surfaces on the same side of all the regular pyramids are collectively called a stepped bearing surface. Each stepped bearing surface on each side corresponds to a sector block. The inner side surface contour of each sector block is a stepped inclined surface corresponding to the contour of the corresponding stepped bearing surface. The outer side surface contour of each sector block is an arc-shaped curved surface. Each sector block is installed on the corresponding stepped bearing surface through its corresponding sliding structure. Each sector block is placed on the bracket and the outer contour surfaces of all the sector blocks are always on the same circumferential surface. During the process of the piston rod of the stretching oil cylinder retracting downward or extending upward, each sector block is forced to expand horizontally outward or retract inward synchronously through the cooperation of each regular pyramid and each sliding structure. It further includes: several groups of outer lining plate groups. The number of each first outer lining plate in the first group of outer lining plate groups is the same as the number of sector blocks, and each first outer lining plate corresponds to a sector block respectively. Each first outer lining plate can be respectively fixed to the corresponding sector block or disassembled from the corresponding sector block through the first detachable connection structure. The outer contour surfaces of the first outer lining plates respectively fixed to the corresponding sector blocks through the first detachable connection structure are always on the same circumferential surface. The number of each (n + 1)th outer lining plate in the (n + 1)th group of outer lining plate groups is the same as the number of each nth outer lining plate in the nth group of outer lining plate groups, and each (n + 1)th outer lining plate corresponds to an nth outer lining plate respectively. Each (n + 1)th outer lining plate can be respectively fixed to the corresponding nth outer lining plate or disassembled from the corresponding nth outer lining plate through the (n + 1)th detachable connection structure. The outer contour surfaces of the (n + 1)th outer lining plates respectively fixed to the corresponding nth outer lining plates through the (n + 1)th detachable connection structure are always on the same circumferential surface. The n is an integer, and n = 1, 2, 3... A number of ring supports are evenly distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction on the rotating workbench. Each ring support is installed on the rotating workbench through the corresponding radial displacement adjusting structure. The remaining exposed upper surface of the rotating workbench except the top of the ring support is covered with heat insulation materials.

2. The large ring pyramid type diameter expanding machine according to claim 1, wherein: A number of outer liner supporting wheels for supporting the outer liner group are circumferentially and evenly spaced on a rotating workbench located on the periphery of the bracket. Heat insulation materials are covered on the remaining exposed upper surfaces of the rotating workbench except for the top of the ring support and each outer liner supporting wheel.

3. The large ring pyramid type diameter expanding machine according to claim 2, wherein: Each of the regular pyramids is a regular octagonal pyramid structure. The number of the ring supports is set to six, and the number of the outer liner supporting wheels is set to six.

4. The large ring pyramid type diameter expanding machine according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, characterized in that: The structures of the first detachable connection structure and the (n + 1)-th detachable connection structure are the same, and both are composed of a clamping structure formed by the cooperation of a T-shaped block and a T-shaped groove and a fastening structure formed by the cooperation of a countersunk hole and a countersunk screw.

5. The large ring pyramid type diameter expanding machine according to claim 1, wherein: The sliding structure is as follows: a T-shaped sliding groove is arranged on each bearing surface corresponding to the step bearing surface, and the T-shaped sliding grooves on the corresponding step bearing surfaces are parallel to each other. T-shaped sliding blocks are respectively arranged on the step inclined surfaces of the corresponding sector blocks and are clamped into the T-shaped sliding grooves on the corresponding bearing surfaces.

6. The large ring pyramid type diameter expanding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The structure of the rotary power mechanism is as follows: a speed reducer is fixedly arranged on the foundation. The input end of the speed reducer is fixedly connected to the motor shaft of a motor fixed on the speed reducer. A driving gear is fixedly installed at the output end of the speed reducer. A driven gear meshing with the driving gear is fixedly installed on the rotating workbench. A concentric guiding mechanism for guiding the rotating workbench to always rotate around its own axis is also arranged on the periphery of the rotating workbench.

7. The large ring pyramid-type diameter-expanding machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The concentric guiding mechanism is composed of a number of concentric guiding structures evenly spaced on the periphery of the rotating workbench. Each concentric guiding structure is as follows: a mounting seat is fixedly arranged on the foundation, and two centering pressure wheels are installed in the mounting seat. The two centering pressure wheels are in rolling contact with the outer circumferential side wall of the rotating workbench.

8. The large ring pyramid type diameter expanding machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The number of the concentric guiding structures is set to six.

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