Grounding coplanar waveguide-to-waveguide interface structure, equipment and automobile
Through the interface structure of the grounded coplanar waveguide to waveguide, the composite rectangular probe and perturbation protrusion structure are used to solve the problem of RF chip signal transfer in vehicle-mounted radar, achieving low loss, large bandwidth transmission performance and compact volume design, which is suitable for the low loss requirements of vehicle-mounted radar.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422338407.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-24
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-11
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-09-24
AI Technical Summary
In vehicle-mounted radar, how to effectively transfer the signal of the RF chip to the waveguide transmission line, especially in the 76-81GHz frequency band, is the problem of immature existing RF chip technology.
The interface structure of grounded coplanar waveguide to waveguide is adopted, including PCB motherboard and waveguide. Through a composite rectangular probe and perturbation protrusion structure, the signal transmission conversion from grounded coplanar waveguide to waveguide is realized, and the impedance matching is optimized using the feeder bias and rectangular sheet bias.
It realizes low loss and large bandwidth transmission performance, reduces the layout volume of multi-channel transmission lines, is suitable for the low loss requirements of vehicle-mounted radars, and provides a flexible waveguide port shielding solution.
Smart Images
Figure CN223093095U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the field of microwave transmission, and more specifically, to an interface structure and device for converting a grounded coplanar waveguide to a waveguide. Background Art
[0002] The grounded coplanar waveguide is an important form of microwave transmission line and is widely used in microwave systems such as radio communication and radar. In the application of the 76 - 81 GHz frequency band of vehicle-mounted radar, since the technology of new radio frequency chips with waveguide ports is not yet mature, using existing radio frequency chips for waveguide connection has become an effective way to apply waveguide antennas in vehicle-mounted radars.
[0003] Currently, how to transfer the signal of the chip to the waveguide transmission line has become a key problem. Therefore, a new waveguide interface structure is needed to solve the problem of large installation space. Summary of the Utility Model
[0004] Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the purpose of the utility model is to provide an interface structure and device for converting a grounded coplanar waveguide to a waveguide. This conversion structure transfers the signal of the chip to the waveguide transmission line through the grounded coplanar waveguide.
[0005] According to an interface structure for converting a grounded coplanar waveguide to a waveguide provided by the utility model, it includes: a PCB main board and a waveguide body;
[0006] A feeder line and a composite rectangular probe are arranged on the surface of the PCB main board. The composite rectangular probe is connected to one end of the feeder line. A waveguide port is opened on the waveguide body; a surrounding unit is arranged around the waveguide port. The surrounding unit is connected to the top surface of the PCB main board and makes the waveguide port face the composite rectangular probe;
[0007] The composite rectangular probe is composed of two mutually offset rectangular sheets; the rectangular sheets are arranged opposite to each other left and right in the Y direction and are offset front and back, and the offset amount is greater than or equal to zero;
[0008] The feeder line is connected to one side of the composite rectangular probe to form a center-aligned connection or an offset connection, that is, the offset amount is greater than or equal to zero;
[0009] Perturbation protrusions are arranged on the side edges of the composite rectangular probe that are not connected to the feeder line.
[0010] Preferably, the perturbation protrusion is set to any one of a semicircle, a triangle, a rectangle, or an ellipse.
[0011] Preferably, the feeder line is connected to the end of the composite rectangular probe in an aligned manner. Perturbation protrusions are arranged on the left and right side edges of the composite rectangular probe, and the two rectangular sheets are connected with a front-back offset;
[0012] Alternatively, the feeder is offset-connected to the end of the composite rectangular probe. Perturbation protrusions are provided on the left and right sides of the composite rectangular probe, and the two rectangular sheets are offset-connected front and back;
[0013] Alternatively, the feeder is offset-connected to the end of the composite rectangular probe. Perturbation protrusions are provided on the left and right sides of the composite rectangular probe, and the two rectangular sheets are aligned and connected front and back;
[0014] Alternatively, the feeder is offset-connected to the end of the composite rectangular probe. Perturbation protrusions are provided on the left and right sides and the front side of the composite rectangular probe, and the two rectangular sheets are aligned and connected front and back.
[0015] Preferably, the feeder is parallel to the waveguide port and is inserted below the waveguide port along the direction perpendicular to the narrow side of the waveguide port.
[0016] Preferably, the width of the feeder decreases at the connection with the composite rectangular probe to form a narrow neck.
[0017] Preferably, the PCB main board is, from top to bottom, a top copper clad, a high-frequency dielectric, and a bottom copper clad; a slot is provided on the top copper clad, and the feeder and the composite rectangular probe are located in the slot.
[0018] Preferably, one or more columns of grounding holes are provided around the slot on the PCB main board, and a metal coating is provided on the surface of the grounding holes to keep the top copper clad and the bottom copper clad electrically connected and grounded, so that the feeder forms a grounded coplanar waveguide transmission mode.
[0019] Preferably, the length-width ratio of the waveguide port is 2:1, and the composite rectangular probe is located directly below the waveguide port.
[0020] Preferably, the enclosure unit is not arranged directly above the feeder;
[0021] The enclosure unit uses a wall, and the wall is provided in one, two, or more circles;
[0022] Alternatively, the enclosure unit uses a magnetic conductor nail bed, and the magnetic conductor nail bed is provided in one, two, or more circles;
[0023] Alternatively, the enclosure unit uses a combination of an inner magnetic conductor nail bed and an outer wall.
[0024] Preferably, the wall is in surface contact with the top copper clad surface of the PCB main board, or there is a gap between the wall and the PCB main board, and the gap does not exceed 0.4 mm.
[0025] A grounded coplanar waveguide to waveguide device provided by the present utility model includes the above-mentioned waveguide conversion interface structure.
[0026] An automobile provided by the present utility model includes the above-mentioned grounded coplanar waveguide to waveguide device.
[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present utility model has the following beneficial effects:
[0028] 1. The present utility model uses the feeder offset and the composite rectangular probe offset as the main debugging variables, and adds a perturbation convex structure to improve impedance matching, realizing the transmission conversion from the grounded coplanar waveguide to the waveguide. Moreover, the variable setting is clear, which is beneficial to improving the design efficiency;
[0029] 2. The present utility model has excellent transmission performance and low loss, and is suitable for the application requirements of low loss and large bandwidth of vehicle-mounted radar;
[0030] 3. The present utility model realizes the connection with the waveguide port in a way that the feeder is close to and parallel to the waveguide end face and perpendicular to the narrow side of the waveguide, with a compact volume, effectively reducing the layout volume of the multi-channel transmission line;
[0031] 4. The present utility model proposes a variety of waveguide port shielding scheme designs, which are convenient for flexible use according to actual production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0032] By reading the following detailed description of the non-restrictive embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, other features, objects and advantages of the present utility model will become more obvious:
[0033] Figure 1 : Three-dimensional diagram of the grounded coplanar waveguide to waveguide structure in the present utility model;
[0034] Figure 2 : Three-dimensional diagram of the feeder in the present utility model;
[0035] Figure 3 : Front view of the feeder in the present utility model;
[0036] Figure 4 : Various feeder design examples in the present utility model;
[0037] Figure 5 : Cross-sectional schematic diagram of the feeder in the present utility model;
[0038] Figure 6 : Cross-sectional schematic diagram of the composite rectangular probe in the present utility model
[0039] Figure 7 : Cross-sectional view of the feeder and waveguide port matching in the present utility model;
[0040] Figure 8 : Different waveguide port shielding schemes in the present utility model
[0041] Figure 9 : Simulation result diagram of the transmission effect of the present utility model.
[0042] Description of reference numerals in the drawings:
[0043] PCB main board 1, perturbation protrusion 151
[0044] Top surface copper cladding 11, slot 16
[0045] High-frequency dielectric 12, grounding hole 17
[0046] Bottom surface copper cladding 13, waveguide conductor 2
[0047] Feeder 14, waveguide port 21
[0048] Narrow neck 141, enclosure 22
[0049] Composite rectangular probe 15, magnetic conductor nail bed 23
[0050] Rectangular sheet 150 Detailed implementation manners
[0051] The present utility model will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The following embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present utility model, but do not limit the present utility model in any form. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present utility model, several changes and improvements can still be made. These all belong to the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0052] The present utility model discloses an interface structure for converting a grounded coplanar waveguide to a waveguide. Referring to Figures 1-7 as shown, it includes: a PCB main board 1 and a waveguide conductor 2.
[0053] The PCB main board 1 from top to bottom is successively a top surface copper cladding 11, a high-frequency dielectric 12, and a bottom surface copper cladding 13; the thickness of the top surface copper cladding 11 is 0.02 - 0.05 mm; the operating frequency of the high-frequency dielectric 12 is 76 - 81 GHz, generally using Rogers Corporation RO3003-G2 material or other materials with the same performance, and the thickness is 5 - 10 mil; the thickness of the bottom surface copper cladding 13 is 0.02 - 0.05 mm, and the grounded PCB main board 1 generally has radar radio frequency chips and other components on the board.
[0054] On the surface of the PCB main board 1, there are a feeder 14 and a composite rectangular probe 15. The width of the feeder 14 is 0.2 - 0.4 mm, and the width decreases at the connection with the composite rectangular probe 15 to form a narrow neck 141 for optimizing impedance matching. The feeder 14 can be connected to the composite rectangular probe 15 in a center-aligned manner along the Y direction or in a left-right offset manner along the X direction; the composite rectangular probe 15 is composed of two rectangular sheets 150, and the rectangular sheets 150 are offset front and back along the Y direction, and the offset amount is greater than or equal to zero; on the left and right sides of the composite rectangular probe 15, there are perturbation protrusions 151, and the perturbation protrusions 151 can be in shapes such as semi-circular, triangular, rectangular, elliptical, etc., as long as they can arouse perturbation to optimize the transmission efficiency. By matching the offset amounts of different feeder connections and the offset amounts of the rectangular sheets, the electric field direction formed by the composite rectangular probe can be twisted to have a certain angle with the long side direction of the waveguide, and then the waveguide transmission mode can be excited to form a mode conversion from the grounded coplanar waveguide to the waveguide, and the energy is transmitted into the waveguide conductor. The twisting of the electric field direction of the offset connection does not directly and completely match the waveguide transmission mode. By adding perturbation protrusions, electric field perturbation can be formed to optimize the conversion reflection and impedance matching, thereby improving the transmission efficiency.
[0055] On the top copper-clad layer 11, slots 16 are appropriately arranged outside the feeder 14 and the composite rectangular probe 15. The width of the slots 16 is 0.15 - 0.25 mm; one or more rows of grounding holes 17 are arranged around the slots 16, and the surfaces of the grounding holes 17 are provided with a metal coating (such as copper) to keep the top copper-clad layer 11 and the bottom copper-clad layer 13 in good electrical connection and good grounding, so that the feeder 14 forms a grounded coplanar waveguide transmission mode.
[0056] On the waveguide conductor 2, there is a waveguide port 21. The length-width ratio of the waveguide port 21 is 2:1 or an approximate ratio, the long side is 2.2 - 2.7 mm, and the short side is 0.8 - 1.4 mm. The feeder 14 is inserted below the waveguide port 21 along the direction perpendicular to the short side of the waveguide port 21, and the composite rectangular probe 15 is located directly below the waveguide port 21.
[0057] The waveguide conductor 2 is provided with a fence 22 around the waveguide port 21, and the fence 22 is not arranged directly above the feeder 14.
[0058] The fence 22 can be one circle, or two circles or multiple circles; the fence 22 can also be replaced by a magnetic conductor nail bed structure 23. The magnetic conductor nail bed 23 can be one circle, two circles or multiple circles, or it can be in the form of an inner magnetic conductor nail bed and an outer fence, or the form of an inner fence and an outer magnetic conductor nail bed; the magnetic conductor nail bed 23 is one of the geometric shapes such as periodically arranged cylinders, rectangular bodies, trapezoidal bodies, etc., and is not arranged above the feeder 14; the bottom surface of the fence 22 forms an electrical contact connection with the PCB main board 1, and a certain up-and-down fitting gap is also allowed, and this gap generally does not exceed 0.4 mm.
[0059] Referring to Figure 4 as shown, the interface structure of the ground coplanar waveguide to waveguide disclosed by the present utility model can match different offset amounts of the feeder 14, the offset amount of the rectangular sheet 150, and different numbers of perturbation protrusions, and different performance transmission matches (such as bandwidth range, center resonance point frequency, etc.) can be obtained, which is applicable to different application requirements.
[0060] In a preferred embodiment, as shown in Figure 4 a, the feeder 14 is aligned and connected to the end of the composite rectangular probe 15. Perturbation protrusions 151 are provided on the left and right sides of the composite rectangular probe 15, and the two rectangular sheets 150 are offset and connected front and back. As shown in Figure 4 b, the feeder 14 is offset and connected to the end of the composite rectangular probe 15. Perturbation protrusions 151 are provided on the left and right sides of the composite rectangular probe 15, and the two rectangular sheets 150 are offset and connected front and back; as shown in Figure 4 c, the feeder 14 is offset and connected to the end of the composite rectangular probe 15. Perturbation protrusions 151 are provided on the left and right sides of the composite rectangular probe 15, and the two rectangular sheets 150 are aligned and connected front and back. As shown in Figure 4 d, the feeder 14 is offset and connected to the end of the composite rectangular probe 15. Perturbation protrusions 151 are provided on the left and right sides and the front side of the composite rectangular probe 15, and the two rectangular sheets 150 are aligned and connected front and back.
[0061] Referring to Figure 8 as shown, the interface structure of the ground coplanar waveguide to waveguide disclosed by the present utility model includes different forms of waveguide port shielding methods, has different shielding performances and processing complexities, and is applicable to the application requirements of different scenarios.
[0062] Referring to Figure 9 as shown, an embodiment of the interface structure of the ground coplanar waveguide to waveguide disclosed by the present utility model achieves a transmission performance with a center frequency of 77 GHz, a -10 dB bandwidth of about 7 GHz (relative bandwidth of about 9%), and a transmission loss of about -0.45 dB, which can fully meet the performance requirements of vehicle-mounted radars.
[0063] The present utility model also discloses a ground coplanar waveguide to waveguide device, which includes the above-mentioned interface structure of the ground coplanar waveguide to waveguide.
[0064] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.
[0065] The specific embodiments of the present utility model have been described above. It should be understood that the present utility model is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which does not affect the essence of the present utility model. Without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other arbitrarily.
Claims
1. An interface structure for converting a grounded coplanar waveguide to a waveguide, characterized in that, Comprising: A PCB main board (1) and a waveguide (2); On the surface of the PCB main board (1), a feeder line (14) and a composite rectangular probe (15) are provided. The composite rectangular probe (15) is connected to one end of the feeder line (14), and a waveguide port (21) is formed on the waveguide (2); a surrounding unit is provided around the waveguide port (21), and the surrounding unit is connected to the top surface of the PCB main board (1) and is arranged such that the waveguide port (21) faces the composite rectangular probe (15); The composite rectangular probe (15) is composed of two rectangular sheets (150), and the rectangular sheets (150) are arranged opposite to each other left and right and are connected in alignment or offset front and back; The feeder line (14) is connected to the end of the composite rectangular probe (15) to form an aligned or offset connection; On the side of the composite rectangular probe (15) where the feeder line (14) is not connected, a perturbation protrusion (151) is provided.
2. The interface structure of the grounded coplanar waveguide to waveguide according to claim 1, characterized in that The perturbation protrusion (151) is set to be semicircular, triangular, rectangular or elliptical.
3. The interface structure of a grounded coplanar waveguide to waveguide according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeder line (14) is connected to the end of the composite rectangular probe (15) in alignment, and perturbation protrusions (151) are provided on the left and right sides of the composite rectangular probe (15), and the two rectangular sheets (150) are connected in offset front and back; Or, the feeder line (14) is connected to the end of the composite rectangular probe (15) in offset, and perturbation protrusions (151) are provided on the left and right sides of the composite rectangular probe (15), and the two rectangular sheets (150) are connected in offset front and back; Or, the feeder line (14) is connected to the end of the composite rectangular probe (15) in offset, and perturbation protrusions (151) are provided on the left and right sides of the composite rectangular probe (15), and the two rectangular sheets (150) are connected in alignment front and back; Or, the feeder line (14) is connected to the end of the composite rectangular probe (15) in offset, and perturbation protrusions (151) are provided on the left and right sides and the front side of the composite rectangular probe (15), and the two rectangular sheets (150) are connected in alignment front and back.
4. The interface structure of a grounded coplanar waveguide to waveguide according to claim 1, characterized in that The feeder line (14) is parallel to the waveguide port (21) and is inserted below the waveguide port (21) along the direction perpendicular to the narrow side of the waveguide port (21); The width of the feeder line (14) decreases at the connection with the composite rectangular probe (15) to form a narrow neck (141).
5. The interface structure of the grounded coplanar waveguide to waveguide according to claim 1, characterized in that, The PCB main board (1) successively includes a top copper clad (11), a high-frequency dielectric (12), and a bottom copper clad (13) from top to bottom; a slot (16) is provided on the top copper clad (11), and the feeder line (14) and the composite rectangular probe (15) are located in the slot (16); One or more rows of grounding holes (17) are provided around the slot (16) on the PCB main board (1), and a metal coating is provided on the surface of the grounding holes (17) to keep the top copper clad (11) and the bottom copper clad (13) electrically connected.
6. The interface structure of the ground coplanar waveguide to waveguide according to claim 1, characterized in that The length-width ratio of the waveguide port (21) is 2:1, and the composite rectangular probe (15) is located directly below the waveguide port (21).
7. The interface structure of a grounded coplanar waveguide to waveguide according to claim 1, wherein The enclosure unit is not arranged directly above the feeder (14); The enclosure unit uses a wall (22), and the wall (22) is arranged in one, two or multiple circles; Or, the enclosure unit uses a magnetic conductor nail bed (23), and the magnetic conductor nail bed (23) is arranged in one, two or multiple circles; Or, the enclosure unit uses a combination of an inner - circle magnetic conductor nail bed (23) and an outer - circle wall (22).
8. The interface structure of the grounded coplanar waveguide to waveguide according to claim 7, characterized in that The wall (22) is in surface contact with the copper - clad (11) surface on the top surface of the PCB main board (1), or the wall (22) is arranged with a gap from the PCB main board (1), and the gap does not exceed 0.4 mm.
9. A grounded coplanar waveguide to waveguide device, characterized in that, It includes the interface structure of the grounded coplanar waveguide - to - waveguide as described in any one of claims 1 - 8.
10. A vehicle, characterized in that, It includes the grounded coplanar waveguide - to - waveguide device as described in claim 9.