Modularized synchronous positioning clamp for special-shaped parts

Abstract

The modularized synchronous positioning clamp for the special-shaped parts comprises a base, locking blocks are arranged on the base, abutting surfaces used for abutting against the outer side faces of bosses are arranged on the locking blocks, the two sides of the base in the length direction are each provided with one locking block, and the locking blocks are arranged on the abutting surfaces. The two abutting faces are located on the sides, close to each other, of the two locking blocks, a driving device for driving the locking blocks to be close to each other or away from each other is arranged in the base, a fixing base is further fixed to the base, a positioning block is arranged on the fixing base and abuts against a circular bead on one side of the boss, and the positioning block abuts against the circular bead on the other side of the boss. The positioning blocks and the fixing base are matched in a sliding mode in the horizontal direction, the positioning blocks and the fixing base are detachably fixed, and the four corners of the boss are each provided with one positioning block. The special-shaped part machining device has the effect of improving the machining efficiency and the consistency of special-shaped parts.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of special-shaped part processing, and in particular to a modular synchronous positioning fixture for special-shaped parts. Background Technique

[0002] Fixtures are usually used to fix the processing object in the mechanical manufacturing process, so that it is in the correct relative position and is processed by mechanical equipment.

[0003] In the related art, a special-shaped part includes a pipe body and a boss. The boss is located on one side of the radial direction of the pipe body. The boss is square, and the four corners of the boss are all rounded. When machining the outer side of the boss, clamping the pipe body will have a greater impact on the part function. Therefore, it is necessary to use a fixture to clamp on the periphery of the boss to position the special-shaped part.

[0004] In view of the above related art, ordinary fixtures mostly use a manual locking method to clamp on the outer side of the part. When mass-producing special-shaped parts, there are problems such as cumbersome use and inconsistent locking degree each time, resulting in a low consistency of the parts. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to improve the processing efficiency and the consistency of special-shaped parts, this application provides a modular synchronous positioning fixture for special-shaped parts.

[0006] The modular synchronous positioning fixture for special-shaped parts provided by this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A modular synchronous positioning fixture for special-shaped parts includes a base. A locking block is arranged on the base. An abutting surface for abutting against the outer side of the boss is arranged on the locking block. One locking block is arranged on each of the two sides of the base in the length direction. The two abutting surfaces are located on the side where the two locking blocks are close to each other. A driving device for driving the locking blocks to approach or separate from each other is arranged in the base. A fixing seat is also fixed on the base. A positioning block is arranged on the fixing seat. The positioning block abuts against the rounded corner on one side of the boss. The positioning block and the fixing seat are slidably matched in the horizontal direction. The positioning block and the fixing seat are detachably fixed. One positioning block is arranged at each of the four corners of the boss.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the staff first adjust the positioning blocks to slide horizontally on the fixed seat according to the shape of the special-shaped part, so that the four positioning blocks respectively abut against the four corners of the boss, and position the special-shaped part. The staff fix the base on the processing equipment, drive the locking blocks to move in opposite directions through the driving device, place the special-shaped part to be processed on the fixed seat, drive the locking blocks to move in the approaching direction through the driving device, so that the two abutting surfaces abut against the outer side surface of the special-shaped part, and the two abutting surfaces clamp the special-shaped part, thus completing the fixation of the special-shaped part. After the processing is completed, only need to drive the locking blocks to move away from each other again, and the special-shaped part can be disassembled from the fixture. In this way, it is convenient for the staff to quickly install and fix the special-shaped part on the processing equipment, which helps to improve the processing efficiency and the consistency of the workpiece after processing.

[0009] Preferably, the driving device includes a driving component and a transmission component. The transmission component includes a driving block. The driving component drives the driving block to slide vertically. The driving block is arranged between the two locking blocks. A first sliding surface and a second sliding surface are respectively arranged between the driving block and any adjacent locking block. Both the first sliding surface and the second sliding surface are inclined. The first sliding surface and the second sliding surface abut and are slidably matched. A limiting block is fixed on any one of the locking blocks, and a limiting groove is correspondingly arranged on the base. The limiting groove penetrates through the base along the length direction of the base. Any one of the limiting blocks is slidably matched with the limiting groove along the length direction of the base.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the driving component drives the driving block to slide vertically, and the inclined first sliding surface and second sliding surface convert the vertical movement into a horizontal movement, and the limiting groove and the limiting block slide, thereby preventing the locking block from moving vertically.

[0011] Preferably, a dovetail male slider is fixed on the driving block, the first sliding surface is formed on the dovetail male slider, a dovetail female slider is arranged on any one of the locking blocks, and the second sliding surface is formed on the dovetail female slider. Two dovetail male sliders are arranged on both sides of the driving block in the horizontal direction. Any one of the dovetail male sliders is embedded in the corresponding dovetail female slider and is slidably matched.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the dovetail male slider is embedded in the dovetail female slider and is slidably matched with it, which helps to improve the transmission accuracy and stability, and makes the locking block move more smoothly during translation.

[0013] Preferably, the driving assembly includes a piston rod which includes a piston portion and a rod portion fixedly arranged coaxially. The piston rod is arranged vertically. A cavity is arranged in the base. The piston is in sliding fit with the cavity in the vertical direction. An inlet and an outlet are arranged in the cavity and are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the piston portion. The end of the piston rod is fixedly connected with the driving block.

[0014] By adopting the above technical scheme, in actual work, the staff passes liquid or gas into the cavity through the inlet and the outlet, so as to push the piston portion of the piston rod to move in the vertical direction. By using the hydraulic or pneumatic principle, the precise control of the driving block is realized, and the positioning accuracy and operation convenience of the fixture are further improved.

[0015] Preferably, a sliding block is further arranged on any one of the locking blocks. The sliding block and the corresponding locking block slide along the width direction of the base. An installation block is arranged on any one of the sliding blocks. The two abutting surfaces are respectively located on the two installation blocks. A locking assembly is arranged between the sliding block and the installation block.

[0016] By adopting the above technical scheme, the staff adjusts the position of the sliding block on the locking block according to the shapes and volumes of different special-shaped parts, so that the abutting surfaces on different installation blocks abut against the corresponding special-shaped parts. In this way, it helps to improve the practicability and application range of the whole fixture.

[0017] Preferably, any one of the locking assemblies includes a first tooth-shaped surface and a second tooth-shaped surface. The first tooth-shaped surface is arranged on the locking block. The second tooth-shaped surface is arranged on the installation block. The first tooth-shaped surface and the second tooth-shaped surface, and the sliding block and the installation block are fixedly connected by bolts.

[0018] By adopting the above technical scheme, after the staff adjusts the sliding block according to different special-shaped parts, the second tooth-shaped surface on the installation block and the first tooth-shaped surface on the locking block are meshed with each other, and then the sliding block and the installation block are locked by bolts. In this way, the locking block, the installation block and the sliding block are relatively fixed. The tooth-shaped surface is convenient for positioning the installation block, and at the same time prevents the excessive pulling force or pushing force received by the locking block from causing relative sliding between the installation block and the locking block.

[0019] Preferably, a special-shaped block is further arranged on any one of the locking blocks. The two abutting surfaces are respectively located on the two special-shaped blocks. The locking block and the special-shaped block are detachably fixed.

[0020] By adopting the above technical scheme, the staff can replace different special-shaped blocks according to the surface shapes of different special-shaped parts to be clamped. In this way, it helps to further improve the practicability and application range of the whole fixture.

[0021] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0022] 1. Four positioning blocks are used to position the four corners of the boss, achieving precise positioning of the special-shaped part. The driving device drives the locking block to approach or move away, ensuring the stability of the special-shaped part on the fixture. The operator can quickly install and fix the special-shaped part on the fixture by operating the driving device, improving the processing efficiency and the consistency of the workpiece after processing;

[0023] 2. The fitting design of the dovetail male sliding block and the dovetail female sliding block ensures the close sliding fit between the driving block and the locking block, improving the transmission accuracy and stability, and making the locking block move more smoothly during translation;

[0024] 3. The setting of the sliding block and the mounting block enables the operator to adjust the position of the sliding block according to the shape and size of different special-shaped parts, so that the abutting surface on the mounting block can closely adhere to the special-shaped part. The detachable design of the special-shaped block on the locking block further enhances the applicability and flexibility of the fixture, can adapt to more types and shapes of special-shaped parts, and improves the use efficiency and practicality of the fixture. Description of the Drawings

[0025] Figure 1 is an isometric schematic diagram mainly showing the overall structure of the modular synchronous positioning fixture for special-shaped parts in the embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 2 is an exploded view mainly showing the structures of the components of the modular synchronous positioning fixture for special-shaped parts in the embodiment of the present application.

[0027] Reference Numerals: 1, base; 11, base plate; 12, mounting seat; 121, limiting groove; 122, limiting plate; 13, cavity; 131, inlet; 132, outlet; 2, fixed seat; 21, sliding groove; 22, positioning block; 221, waist-shaped groove; 222, sliding block; 3, positioning bolt; 4, piston rod; 5, driving block; 51, dovetail male sliding block; 511, first sliding surface; 6, locking block; 61, dovetail female sliding block; 611, second sliding surface; 62, first toothed surface; 63, limiting block; 64, sliding groove; 7, sliding block; 8, mounting block; 81, second toothed surface; 9, special-shaped block; 91, abutting surface; 100, special-shaped part; 110, pipe body; 120, boss; 130, fillet. Detailed Description of the Embodiment

[0028] The following is a further detailed description of the present application in conjunction with the attached Figure 1 - Figure 2 drawings.

[0029] The embodiment of the present application discloses a modular synchronous positioning fixture for special-shaped parts.

[0030] See Figure 1 - Figure 2, the modular synchronous positioning fixture for special-shaped parts includes a base 1, on which a fixed seat 2 is fixed. The staff places the special-shaped part 100 on the fixed seat 2, and one side of the convex platform 120 close to the tube body 110 in the thickness direction abuts against the upper side of the fixed seat 2, that is, the fixture supports the special-shaped part 100 through the fixed seat 2.

[0031] There are two fixed seats 2 symmetrically arranged along the width direction of the base 1. A positioning block 22 is arranged on the fixed seat 2. A sliding block 222 is integrally formed on the lower side of the positioning block 22. A chute 21 is opened on the fixed seat 2. The chute 21 runs through the fixed seat 2 along the width direction of the base 1. The sliding block 222 is embedded in the chute 21 and is slidably matched with it along the width direction of the base 1. A waist-shaped groove 221 is also opened on the positioning block 22. The waist-shaped groove 221 runs through the positioning block 22 in the vertical direction. The length direction of the waist-shaped groove 221 is parallel to the width direction of the base 1. A positioning bolt 3 is also arranged on the positioning block 22. The positioning bolt 3 is vertically arranged in the waist-shaped groove 221 and is threadedly fixed to the lower fixed seat 2. The head of the positioning bolt 3 abuts against the positioning block 22. There are two positioning bolts 3 arranged in the waist-shaped groove 221. Circular arc surfaces are formed at the corners where the four positioning blocks 22 are close to each other, and the four circular arc surfaces respectively abut against the four rounded corners 130 of the convex platform 120.

[0032] When using the fixture, the staff adjusts the relative positions between the four positioning blocks 22 and the fixed seat 2 according to the shape of the convex platform 120, so that when the lower side of the convex platform 120 abuts against the upper side of the fixed seat 2, the circular arc surfaces on the four positioning blocks 22 respectively abut against the four rounded corners 130 of the convex platform 120, and then tighten the positioning bolts 3 to relatively fix the positioning block 22 and the fixed seat 2. In this way, when the staff mass-produces the special-shaped parts 100, they can quickly position the special-shaped parts 100, which helps to improve the processing speed and the consistency of the processed parts.

[0033] The base 1 includes a base 11 and a mounting seat 12. The base 11 is fixedly connected to the processing equipment. The mounting seat 12 is fixed on the base 11. A driving device is also arranged inside the base 1. The driving device includes a driving component and a transmission component. The driving component includes a piston rod 4. A cavity 13 is formed inside the base 1. The piston rod 4 slides vertically in the cavity 13. An inlet 131 and an outlet 132 are also formed on the base 11. The inlet 131 and the outlet 132 are respectively communicated with the cavity 13 on the upper and lower sides of the piston part of the piston rod 4. The staff passes gas or liquid into the cavity 13 through the inlet 131 and the outlet 132, so as to push the piston rod 4 to slide vertically.

[0034] The transmission assembly includes a driving block 5, which is fixedly connected to the end of the piston rod 4. The driving block 5 is embedded in the mounting seat 12 and slides with the mounting seat 12 in the vertical direction. A limit plate 122 is also provided on the mounting seat 12. The limit plate 122 is horizontally arranged and located on the upper side of the driving block 5. The limit plate 122 is fixedly connected to the mounting seat 12. The driving block 5 is provided with dovetail male sliders 51 on both sides of the mounting seat 12 in the length direction. The two dovetail male sliders 51 are formed with first sliding surfaces 511 on the sides facing away from each other. The two first sliding surfaces 511 are inclined from top to bottom in the direction from facing away from each other to approaching each other.

[0035] The driving block 5 is provided with locking blocks 6 on both sides along the length direction of the mounting seat 12, and any locking block 6 is slidably matched with the mounting seat 12 along the length direction thereof. A dovetail female slider 61 is integrally formed on the side where the two locking blocks 6 are close to each other, and the dovetail male slider 51 is embedded in the dovetail female slider 61. A second sliding surface 611 is provided in each of the two dovetail female sliders 61, and the two second sliding surfaces 611 are parallel to the two first sliding surfaces 511. Any second sliding surface 611 abuts against the corresponding first sliding surface 511. When the driving block 5 slides in the vertical direction, the first sliding surface 511 on any side slides with the second sliding surface 611, thereby pushing the two locking blocks 6 to move toward or away from each other.

[0036] A limiting block 63 is also formed on any locking block 6. A limiting groove 121 is provided on the mounting seat 12, and the limiting groove 121 penetrates the mounting seat 12 along the length direction of the mounting seat 12. The limiting block 63 is embedded in the limiting groove 121 and slides with the mounting seat 12 along the length direction. The limiting block 63 helps to ensure that the locking block 6 slides in the mounting seat 12 in the horizontal direction.

[0037] A sliding groove 64 is also provided on any locking block 6. The sliding groove 64 penetrates the locking block 6 inward from the side of the two locking blocks 6 that are away from each other along the length direction of the mounting seat 12, and the upper side of the sliding groove 64 is open. A sliding block 7 is also provided in any sliding groove 64. The sliding block 7 slides and cooperates with the sliding groove 64 along the length direction of the mounting seat 12. Both the sliding block 7 and the sliding groove 64 are T-shaped, and the T-shaped structure helps to reduce the possibility of the sliding block 7 moving in the vertical direction.

[0038] A mounting block 8 is also provided on any locking block 6, and the mounting block 8 is fixedly connected to the sliding block 7 on the corresponding side by bolts. A first toothed surface 62 is formed on the upper side of the locking block 6, and a second toothed surface 81 is formed on the lower side of the mounting block 8. The first toothed surface 62 and the second toothed surface 81 are meshed. The staff adjusts the relative position of the mounting block 8 and the locking block 6 according to the shape and size of the heterogeneous parts, thereby reducing the stroke of the clamping or releasing part drive device. The toothed surface facilitates the positioning of the mounting block 8 and increases the friction between the mounting block 8 and the locking block 6.

[0039] Any mounting block 8 is provided with a special-shaped block 9. One side surface of the two special-shaped blocks 9 close to each other is an abutting surface 91, and the shape of the abutting surface 91 is the same as the shape of the outer side surface of the convex platform 120. After the two locking blocks 6 approach each other driven by the driving block 5, the abutting surface 91 abuts tightly against the outer side surface of the convex platform 120, thereby clamping the special-shaped part 100. The two special-shaped blocks 9 are respectively fixedly connected to the corresponding mounting blocks 8 by bolts. A step is formed between any special-shaped block 9 and the mounting block 8, and the step helps to reduce the possibility of relative sliding between the special-shaped block 9 and the mounting block 8.

[0040] The implementation principle of a modular synchronous positioning fixture for special-shaped parts in an embodiment of the present application is as follows: The staff replaces the corresponding positioning block 22 and special-shaped block 9 in advance according to the shape of the special-shaped part 100 to be processed. Place the special-shaped part 100 on the fixed seat 2, so that the side surface of the convex platform 120 close to the pipe body 110 abuts tightly against the upper side surface of the fixed seat 2. Push the positioning block 22 to slide along the width direction of the base 1, so that the arc surfaces of the four positioning blocks 22 respectively abut against the four rounded corners 130 of the convex platform 120, and tighten a plurality of positioning bolts 3. The staff fixes the base 11 on the processing equipment. The staff controls the fluid entering the cavity 13, thereby controlling the driving block 5 to slide in the vertical direction, driving the two locking blocks 6 to move towards or away from each other, and further moving the two special-shaped blocks 9 towards or away from each other to clamp or loosen the special-shaped part 100. In this way, the staff can quickly disassemble and assemble the special-shaped part 100 fixed on the fixture, which helps to improve the processing efficiency and the consistency of the processed special-shaped part 100.

[0041] The above are all the preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereby. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A modular synchronous positioning fixture for special-shaped parts, characterized in that: It includes a base (1), a locking block (6) is arranged on the base (1), an abutting surface (91) for abutting against the outer side surface of the boss (120) is arranged on the locking block (6), one locking block (6) is arranged on each of the two sides of the base (1) in the length direction, the two abutting surfaces (91) are located on the side where the two locking blocks (6) are close to each other, a driving device for driving the locking blocks (6) to approach or separate from each other is arranged in the base (1), a fixing seat (2) is further fixed on the base (1), a positioning block (22) is arranged on the fixing seat (2), the positioning block (22) abuts against the fillet (130) on one side of the boss (120), the positioning block (22) is in sliding fit with the fixing seat (2) in the horizontal direction, the positioning block (22) and the fixing seat (2) are detachably fixed, and one positioning block (22) is arranged at each of the four corners of the boss (120).

2. The modular synchronous positioning fixture for special-shaped parts according to claim 1, wherein: The driving device includes a driving component and a transmission component, the transmission component includes a driving block (5), the driving component drives the driving block (5) to slide vertically, the driving block (5) is arranged between the two locking blocks (6), a first sliding surface (511) and a second sliding surface (611) are respectively arranged between the driving block (5) and any adjacent locking block (6), both the first sliding surface (511) and the second sliding surface (611) are inclined, the first sliding surface (511) and the second sliding surface (611) are abutted and in sliding fit, a limiting block (63) is fixed on any locking block (6), a limiting groove (121) is correspondingly arranged on the base (1), the limiting groove (121) penetrates through the base (1) along the length direction of the base (1), and any limiting block (63) is in sliding fit with the limiting groove (121) along the length direction of the base (1).

3. The modular synchronous positioning fixture for special-shaped parts according to claim 2, wherein: A dovetail male slider (51) is fixed on the driving block (5), the first sliding surface (511) is formed on the dovetail male slider (51), a dovetail female slider (61) is arranged on any locking block (6), the second sliding surface (611) is formed on the dovetail female slider (61), two dovetail male sliders (51) are arranged on the two sides of the driving block (5) in the horizontal direction, and any dovetail male slider (51) is embedded in the corresponding dovetail female slider (61) and in sliding fit.

4. The modular synchronous positioning fixture for special-shaped parts according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving component includes a piston rod (4), the piston rod (4) includes a piston part and a rod part which are coaxially fixed, the piston rod (4) is arranged vertically, a cavity (13) is arranged in the base (1), the piston is in sliding fit with the cavity (13) in the vertical direction, an inlet (131) and an outlet (132) are arranged in the cavity (13), the inlet (131) and the outlet (132) are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the piston part, and the end of the piston rod (4) is fixedly connected with the driving block (5).

5. The modular synchronous positioning fixture for special-shaped parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: On any one of the locking blocks (6), a sliding block (7) is further provided, and the sliding block (7) slides along the width direction of the base (1) with respect to the corresponding locking block (6). An installation block (8) is provided on any one of the sliding blocks (7), and two abutting surfaces (91) are respectively located on the two installation blocks (8). A locking assembly is provided between the sliding block (7) and the installation block (8).

6. The modular synchronous positioning fixture for special-shaped parts according to claim 5, characterized in that: Any one of the locking assemblies includes a first toothed surface (62) and a second toothed surface (81). The first toothed surface (62) is provided on the locking block (6), and the second toothed surface (81) is provided on the installation block (8). The first toothed surface (62) and the second toothed surface (81), and the sliding block (7) and the installation block (8) are fixedly connected by bolts.

7. The modular synchronous positioning fixture for special-shaped parts according to claim 1, wherein: On any one of the locking blocks (6), a special-shaped block (9) is further provided, and two abutting surfaces (91) are respectively located on the two special-shaped blocks (9). The locking block (6) and the special-shaped block (9) are detachably fixed.

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