Safe boarding stair based on response mechanism and electric shovel excavator

Abstract

The utility model discloses a safe boarding stair based on a response mechanism and an electric shovel excavator, and relates to the technical field of engineering machinery. A safety door A is mounted at an entrance close to the boarding stairs, and a safety door B is mounted at an exit; the sensor assemblies are respectively arranged on the boarding stairs, the safety door A and the safety door B; the ladder control buttons are respectively arranged on a boarding stair and a cab stair of a vehicle and are used for requesting for boarding and completing a ladder boarding response; the PLC is electrically connected with the sensor assembly and the elevator control button and used for control linkage of the whole machine. The sensor is used for monitoring the opening and closing states of the safety door of the boarding stairway in real time, effectively judging the working state of the boarding stairway, judging whether a person is on the ground, enters the stairway and finishes the boarding stairway, effectively monitoring the state of the boarding stairway, ensuring the safety of the person and equipment, and sending out a signal by applying for a boarding stairway button and a boarding completion confirmation button.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of construction machinery, and particularly relates to a safety boarding ladder based on a response mechanism. Background Technique

[0002] During the operations such as electric shovel excavation, shift change, and maintenance, it is often encountered that external personnel apply to board the vehicle. After boarding the vehicle, if the external personnel stay on the ladder or do not enter the cab, in the case of no reliable monitoring or when the personnel are in a blind spot of monitoring, the staff in the cab cannot accurately know the position of the external personnel. Starting the operation process rashly may bring potential safety hazards to the equipment and external personnel, causing immeasurable losses.

[0003] The prior art with the publication number of CN202900031U discloses a boarding ladder for a mining excavator with an additional infrared safety device, including a boarding ladder for a mining excavator, which is characterized by further including an infrared host and an infrared slave. The infrared host is used to emit several pairs of equally spaced parallel infrared rays to form an infrared light curtain, which is installed on one side along the length direction of the ladder; the infrared slave is used for receiving the infrared light curtain and is symmetrically installed on the other side along the length direction of the ladder. When a person's body is on the ladder, it will block the propagation of infrared rays at the corresponding position, so that the slave at this point cannot receive the light from the host, triggering the internal alarm relay of the device to act. Connecting this contact to the input module of the PLC controller and forming a linkage with the ladder retraction action can ensure that the ladder cannot be retracted when it acts. According to the technical characteristics of existing infrared sensor products in this prior art, if it is necessary to comprehensively sense the position of external personnel on the ladder, a very large number of infrared sensors and infrared receiving supporting devices need to be arranged, increasing the fault points and costs of the whole machine's electrical control system. And because most mining areas are in the wild, if other objects with surface radiation radiation break in by mistake, it will also trigger the sensor, causing system misjudgment. Content of the Utility Model

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a safety boarding ladder and an electric shovel excavator based on a response mechanism to solve the problems in the current market proposed in the above background technique.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solution: A safety boarding ladder based on a response mechanism, including:

[0006] A boarding ladder of a vehicle, the boarding ladder is hinged to the vehicle and can be flipped;

[0007] A safety door A is installed near the entrance of the boarding ladder, and a safety door B is installed at the exit;

[0008] A sensor assembly, the sensor assembly is respectively arranged on the boarding ladder, the safety door A and the safety door B;

[0009] Ladder control buttons are respectively arranged on the boarding ladder and the cab ladder of the vehicle, and are used to request ladder boarding and complete the ladder boarding response.

[0010] A PLC controller is electrically connected to the sensor assembly and the ladder control buttons, and is used for the control linkage of the whole machine.

[0011] Preferably, the sensor assembly includes a position sensor A installed at the safety door A and a position sensor B installed at the safety door B. The position sensor A and the position sensor B are electrically connected to the DI3 and DI4 input ends of the PLC controller, and feedback the open and closed state electrical signals of the safety door A and the safety door B to the PLC controller through the position sensor A and the position sensor B.

[0012] Preferably, the sensor assembly further includes a flip sensor of the boarding ladder. Among them, the flip sensor is composed of a rocker arm induction plate installed on the boarding ladder and a position sensor C. The position sensor C is electrically connected to the DI5 input end of the PLC controller, and feedbacks the flip state of the boarding ladder to the PLC controller through the position sensor C.

[0013] Preferably, a torsion spring is installed on the safety door A and / or the safety door B, and it can automatically reset after the door is opened.

[0014] Preferably, the ladder control buttons include an application ladder boarding button installed near the safety door A on the boarding ladder and a ladder boarding completion button at the exit of the boarding ladder; the application ladder boarding button is electrically connected to the DI1 input end of the PLC controller, and the ladder boarding completion button is electrically connected to the DI2 input end of the PLC controller.

[0015] Preferably, a relay is also electrically connected to the DO1 input end of the PLC controller.

[0016] Preferably, a locking clamping plate is installed on the vehicle within the flipping circumference range of the boarding ladder for limiting the boarding ladder after flipping.

[0017] An electric shovel excavator is installed with the above-mentioned safety boarding ladder based on the response mechanism.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are:

[0019] The present utility model uses sensors to monitor the opening and closing states of the safety doors of the boarding ladder in real time, effectively determines the ladder boarding operation state, can judge whether the personnel are on the ground, whether they enter the ladder, and whether they complete the ladder boarding, can effectively monitor the ladder boarding state, ensure the safety of personnel and equipment, and send signals through the application ladder boarding button and the ladder boarding completion confirmation button.

[0020] According to the response mechanism system, if the boarding signal is not received and the staircase safety door opens actively, the system initially determines it as a misoperation, and can effectively identify whether the boarding behavior is a forced entry.

[0021] By using sensors to monitor the change process of the opening / closing state of the staircase safety door in real time, it can effectively determine whether an abnormal working condition occurs. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the boarding staircase in the flipped state of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 It is Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the structure at position A in

[0025] Figure 4 It is Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the structure at position B in

[0026] Figure 5 It is Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the structure at position C in

[0027] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the safety door structure of the present utility model;

[0028] Figure 7 It is a schematic top view of the safety door of the present utility model;

[0029] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the opening and closing structure of the safety door of the present utility model;

[0030] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the PLC controller of the present utility model;

[0031] Figure 10 It is a control flow chart of the present utility model.

[0032] In the figure: 1. Boarding staircase; 2. Safety door A; 3. Position sensor A; 4. Application boarding button; 5. Rocker arm induction plate; 6. Position sensor C; 7. Position sensor B; 8. Boarding completion button; 9. Safety door B; 10. Locking clamping plate; 11. Relay; 12. PLC controller. Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiment

[0033] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] Please refer to Figures 1 - 10 , the present invention provides a technical solution: a safety boarding staircase based on a response mechanism, in combination with Figure 1 and Figure 2 as shown, including: the boarding staircase 1 of the vehicle, a safety door A 2 installed near the entrance of the boarding staircase 1, a safety door B 9 installed at the exit, a sensor assembly, a staircase control button, and a PLC controller 12

[0035] The boarding staircase 1 is hinged to the vehicle and can be flipped; the sensor assembly is respectively arranged on the boarding staircase 1, the safety door A 2, and the safety door B 9; the staircase control buttons are respectively arranged on the boarding staircase 1 and on the staircase of the vehicle cab, and are used to request boarding and complete the boarding response; the PLC controller 12 is electrically connected to the sensor assembly and the staircase control button, and is used for the control linkage of the whole machine.

[0036] In combination with Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figures 6 - 8 as shown ( Figures 6 - 8 what is shown is the safety door B 9, the safety door A 2 has the same structure as the safety door B 9, but is not limited to the above. Those skilled in the art can equally replace parts with the same function for setting), the sensor assembly specifically includes a position sensor A 3 installed at the safety door A 2 and a position sensor B 7 installed at the safety door B 9. As Figure 9 shown, the position sensor A 3 and the position sensor B 7 are electrically connected to the DI3 and DI4 input ends of the PLC controller 12, and feedback the open and closed state electrical signals of the safety door A 2 and the safety door B 9 to the PLC controller 12 through the position sensor A 3 and the position sensor B 7.

[0037] It should be noted that: the boarding staircase 1 is driven by an electric or hydraulic motor to perform a flipping movement and is electrically connected to the relay 11. The safety door A 2 and / or the safety door B 9 are installed with torsion springs and can automatically reset after opening.

[0038] The opening / closing state is judged by the position sensor A3 installed at the safety door A2 and the position sensor B7 installed at the safety door B9. In the default state, the safety door A2 is kept closed by a torsion structure, the DI3 input port of the PLC controller 12 is a normally closed signal, the safety door B9 is kept closed by a torsion structure, and the DI4 input port of the PLC controller 12 is a normally closed signal. When an outsider normally climbs the ladder and opens the safety door A2 / safety door B9, the state changes from normally closed - open - normally closed, and the signal change process of the PLC controller 12 is 1 - 0 - 1.

[0039] As Figure 5 shown, the sensor assembly specifically further includes a flip sensor for the boarding ladder 1. Among them, the flip sensor is composed of a rocker arm induction plate 5 installed on the boarding ladder 1 and a position sensor C6. As Figure 9 shown, the position sensor C6 is electrically connected to the DI5 input end of the PLC controller 12, and the flip state of the boarding ladder 1 is fed back to the PLC controller 12 through the position sensor C6.

[0040] As a further improvement: A locking card plate 10 is installed on the vehicle within the flipping circumference range of the boarding ladder 1 for limiting the boarding ladder 1 after flipping.

[0041] It should be noted that: The retraction / extension of the boarding ladder 1 is a flipping motion, and the rocker arm induction plate 5 flips synchronously with the boarding ladder 1. When the rotation angle of the boarding ladder 1 ≥ α1, the rocker arm induction plate 5 rotates into the sensing area of the sensor C6, and the signal of the sensor C6 changes. The DI5 input port of the PLC controller 12 monitors the signal change of the sensor C6: 1 - 0 (According to the PLC program setting, the default state of the sensor A3 / sensor B7 / sensor C6 is 1, and the signal changes to 0 when the measured object is sensed); When the ladder rotates to the angle α2, the ladder is locked by the locking card plate 10.

[0042] The ladder control buttons include an application for boarding button 4 installed on the boarding ladder 1 near the safety door A2 and a boarding completion button 8 at the exit of the boarding ladder 1; The application for boarding button 4 is electrically connected to the DI1 input end of the PLC controller 12, and the boarding completion button 8 is electrically connected to the DI2 input end of the PLC controller 12.

[0043] As a further improvement: The DO1 output end of the PLC controller 12 is also electrically connected to a relay 11.

[0044] It should be noted that: the input port DI1 of the PLC controller 12 is a high voltage of 24V, the system determines that someone on the ground presses the application boarding button 4, the cab staff puts down the boarding stair 1, the boarding stair 1 rotates into place, driving the rocker sensor plate 5 to leave the sensing area of the sensor A3, the input port DI5 of the PLC controller 12 is a high voltage of 24V, the system determines that the boarding stair 1 rotates into place, and the stair can be boarded, the output port DO1 of the PLC controller 12 outputs 24V, and the boarding state relay 11 is energized. At this time, the system is locked in the boarding state, even if someone presses the boarding completion button 8. The voltage of the input port DI2 of the PLC controller 12 is always low, and the system will not determine that the climbing is completed until the input signals of the input ports DI3 and DI4 of the PLC controller 12 change to 1-0-1 in sequence. The system preliminarily determines that the outsider has completed climbing the ladder, and the output voltage of the output port DO1 of the PLC controller 12 changes to 0V. If the climbing completion button 8 is pressed at this time, the input port DI2 of the PLC controller 12 changes to a high voltage of 24V, and the system determines that the outsider has completed the climbing operation. At this time, the cab staff can retract the boarding stairs 1 according to the on-site working conditions.

[0045] If an outsider enters the cab through the cab stairs, the staff can directly contact the outsider and directly release the safe climbing state after confirming safety; if the outsider does not enter the cab, it is necessary to press the climbing completion button 8. The system determines that the outsider has completed the climbing operation and entered the safe area. At this time, the staff can release the safe climbing state and the equipment returns to normal operating conditions.

[0046] An electric shovel excavator is equipped with the above-mentioned safe boarding stairs based on the response mechanism.

[0047] like Figure 10 As shown in the figure, there are 5 abnormal climbing situations in actual application:

[0048] 1. The outsider presses the button but does not climb the ladder

[0049] A foreign person accidentally touches and presses the button 4 for applying to climb the stairs on the ground. The staff in the cab confirms that there is someone on the ground through the monitoring system. When the stairs are lowered, the foreign person is reminded through broadcasting or loudspeakers to climb the stairs. If the foreign person does not climb the stairs within the specified time, the safety door A2 remains closed, the sensor A3 always senses that the safety door A2 is closed, the input port DI3 of the PLC controller 12 is always a high signal, and no signal change occurs. The system determines that the foreign person accidentally touches the button S1 for applying to climb the stairs.

[0050] 2. The outsider climbs up the stairs, opens the safety door A2, and then turns around and goes down the stairs

[0051] When an outsider presses the ladder boarding application button 4 on the ground and the cab staff lowers the boarding ladder 1, the outsider opens the safety door A2 and then turns around and goes downstairs. The sensor A3 monitors the opening state of the door twice, and the signal change of the input port DI3 of the PLC controller 12 is: 1-0-1, 1-0-1; the safety door B9 remains closed all the time, the sensor B7 always senses the safety door B9, and the signal of the input port DI4 of the PLC controller 12 does not change. The system determines that the outsider's ladder boarding is abnormal.

[0052] III. The outsider completes ladder boarding, does not press the ladder boarding completion button 8, turns around and opens the safety door B9, goes down the ladder and stays on the stairs

[0053] When an outsider presses the ladder boarding application button 4 on the ground and the cab staff lowers the boarding ladder 1, the outsider opens the safety door A2 and the safety door B9 successively, does not press the ladder boarding completion button 8, then opens the safety door B9 and turns around to go down the stairs. Then the sensor A3 monitors 1 opening state of the door, the sensor B7 monitors 2 opening states of the door, and the ladder boarding completion button 8 is never triggered; the signal of the input port DI3 of the PLC controller 12 changes: 1-0-1, and the signal of the input port DI4 of the PLC controller 12 changes successively: 1-0-1, 1-0-1, but the input port DI2 of the PLC controller 12 always remains at a low voltage and does not meet the confirmation condition for ladder boarding completion; at the same time, the process of the ladder climber going down the stairs is not completed, the safety door A2 is not opened again, and the input port DI1 of the PLC controller 12 does not detect the signal change again: 1-0-1. It is determined that the outsider stays on the stairs and is in an abnormal state. A reminder is given to the outsider through a broadcast or a loudspeaker, reminding the outsider that this is a dangerous state and to confirm the ladder boarding completion status or go down the stairs in time.

[0054] IV. The outsider completes ladder boarding, does not press the ladder boarding completion button 8, opens the safety door B9 first, and then opens the safety door A2 to complete going down the stairs

[0055] When an outsider presses the ladder boarding application button 4 on the ground and the cab staff lowers the ladder, the outsider opens the safety door A2 and the safety door B9 successively, does not press the ladder boarding completion button 8, then opens the safety door B9 and the safety door A2 successively to complete going down the stairs. Then the signal change order of the position sensors is: the signal of the sensor A3 is 1-0-1, the signal of the sensor B7 is 1-0-1, the signal of the sensor B7 is 1-0-1, and the signal of the sensor A3 is 1-0-1. The system determines that the person has completed going down the stairs. After the cab staff confirms through the on-site monitoring system, they can retract the ladder and lock the stairs by themselves.

[0056] V. The outsider opens the safety door A2 or the safety door B9 and stays at the safety door, keeping the safety door open

[0057] During the process of external personnel climbing the ladder, after opening safety door A2 or safety door B9 and staying at safety door A2 or safety door B9, when safety door A2 or safety door B9 is opened, in the sensing area of sensor A3 or sensor B7, the signal of input port DI3 or DI4 of PLC controller 12 changes from 1 to 0, and the system determines it as an abnormal ladder climbing state. A prompt is given to the external personnel through the broadcast or speaker to remind them to climb the ladder in time. If the signal indicating the completion of ladder climbing is not received after multiple notifications, the staff needs to check on-site to prevent unexpected situations, such as sudden falls of ladder climbers, jams caused by falling stones, etc.

[0058] The content not described in detail in this specification belongs to the prior art well-known to those skilled in the art.

[0059] Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model shall be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A safety boarding staircase based on a response mechanism, characterized in that Comprising: The boarding stairs (1) of the vehicle, the boarding stairs (1) being hinged to the vehicle and capable of being flipped; A safety door A (2) is installed near the entrance of the boarding stairs (1), and a safety door B (9) is installed at the exit; A sensor assembly, the sensor assembly being respectively arranged on the boarding stairs (1), the safety door A (2) and the safety door B (9); Ladder control buttons, the ladder control buttons being respectively arranged on the boarding stairs (1) and on the cab stairs of the vehicle, for requesting to board the ladder and completing the boarding response; A PLC controller (12), the PLC controller (12) being electrically connected to the sensor assembly and the ladder control buttons, for the control linkage of the whole machine.

2. The safety boarding staircase based on a response mechanism according to claim 1, wherein: The sensor assembly includes a position sensor A (3) installed at the safety door A (2) and a position sensor B (7) installed at the safety door B (9). The position sensor A (3) and the position sensor B (7) are electrically connected to the DI3 and DI4 input terminals of the PLC controller (12), and the opening and closing state electrical signals of the safety door A (2) and the safety door B (9) are fed back to the PLC controller (12) through the position sensor A (3) and the position sensor B (7).

3. The safety boarding staircase based on the response mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sensor assembly further includes a flipping sensor of the boarding stairs (1). Among them, the flipping sensor is composed of a rocker arm induction plate (5) installed on the boarding stairs (1) and a position sensor C (6). The position sensor C (6) is electrically connected to the DI5 input terminal of the PLC controller (12), and the flipping state of the boarding stairs (1) is fed back to the PLC controller (12) through the position sensor C (6).

4. The safety boarding staircase based on the response mechanism according to claim 3, wherein: The safety door A (2) and / or the safety door B (9) is installed with a torsion spring and can automatically reset after opening the door.

5. The safety boarding staircase based on the response mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: The ladder control buttons include an application to board the ladder button (4) installed on the boarding stairs (1) near the safety door A (2) and a boarding completion button (8) at the exit of the boarding stairs (1); the application to board the ladder button (4) is electrically connected to the DI1 input terminal of the PLC controller (12), and the boarding completion button (8) is electrically connected to the DI2 input terminal of the PLC controller (12).

6. The safety boarding staircase based on the response mechanism according to claim 5, wherein: The DO1 output terminal of the PLC controller (12) is also electrically connected to a relay (11).

7. The safety boarding staircase based on the response mechanism according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: A locking card plate (10) is installed on the vehicle within the flipping circumference range of the boarding stairs (1) for limiting the flipping of the boarding stairs (1).

8. An electric shovel excavator, characterized in that: Installed with the safety boarding stairs based on the response mechanism according to any one of claims 1-7.

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