Air-sea exchange flux measuring device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of atmospheric pollution monitoring, in particular to an air-sea exchange flux measuring device, which comprises a buoyancy tank, a gas measuring device, an underwater driving device and a controller, the buoyancy tank is provided with a sealing cavity, and the bottom of the sealing cavity is provided with a water inlet for seawater to flow into the lower part of the sealing cavity; seawater flows into the lower part of the sealing cavity through the water inlet, volatile organic compounds released by the seawater at the lower part of the sealing cavity flow into air at the upper part of the sealing cavity, and the gas inlet of the gas measuring device is communicated with the upper part of the sealing cavity, so that the concentration of the volatile organic compounds in the air at the upper part of the sealing cavity can be detected in real time; the bottom of the buoyancy tank is connected with an underwater driving device, the underwater driving device is electrically connected with the controller, and the controller enables the underwater driving device to drive the buoyancy tank to move in the sea, so that the buoyancy tank can move to a required measurement position; the buoyancy tank is far away from the ground or a ship, the measurement result is prevented from being influenced by human factors, and the measurement accuracy is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of air pollution monitoring, in particular to an apparatus for measuring sea-air exchange flux. Background Art

[0002] After volatile organic compounds (VOC) flow into the atmosphere, ozone and secondary organic aerosol (SOA) are generated through complex reactions, which have important impacts on local and regional air quality and climate change. Seawater covers more than 70% of the earth's surface and releases several important marine biogenic volatile organic compounds, including the natural sulfur compound dimethyl sulfide and the terpene compounds isoprene and monoterpene. High concentrations of isoprene emitted from the ocean may increase marine SOA in the boundary layer above the remote ocean. Therefore, quantifying the emission flux of marine volatile organic compounds is crucial for understanding the impact of the ocean on the environment and climate change.

[0003] Currently, most studies on the emission flux of marine volatile organic compounds are based on numerical models and observations. However, there are significant differences between the numerical simulation results and the actual situation. The reason for the differences may be affected by the sea surface microlayer. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an apparatus that can measure the emission flux of marine volatile organic compounds under in-situ conditions. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] Based on this, the purpose of the utility model is to provide an apparatus for measuring sea-air exchange flux, including:

[0005] A floating tank, the floating tank is provided with a sealed cavity, and the bottom of the sealed cavity is provided with a water inlet for seawater to flow into the lower part of the sealed cavity;

[0006] A gas measuring device, the gas measuring device is arranged outside the floating tank, and the air inlet of the gas measuring device is communicated with the upper part of the sealed cavity to detect volatile organic compounds in the gas in the upper part of the sealed cavity;

[0007] An underwater driving device, the underwater driving device is connected to the bottom of the floating tank to drive the floating tank to move in the sea;

[0008] A controller, the underwater driving device is electrically connected to the controller.

[0009] As a preferred solution, the floating tank includes a box body and a floating body arranged outside the box body. The box body includes a top plate and a plurality of side plates. The top plate and each side plate enclose a barrel-shaped structure with the barrel opening facing downwards. The barrel cavity of the barrel-shaped structure forms the sealed cavity, and the barrel opening of the barrel-shaped structure forms the water inlet.

[0010] As a preferred solution, the top plate is made of a transparent quartz glass plate.

[0011] As a preferred solution, each of the side plates is made of a stainless steel plate.

[0012] As a preferred solution, the sea-air exchange flux measuring device includes a gas intake pipe; the first end of the gas intake pipe is communicated with the upper part of the sealed cavity, the second end of the gas intake pipe is communicated with the air inlet of the gas measuring device, a control valve is connected to the gas intake pipe, and the control valve is electrically connected to the controller.

[0013] As a preferred solution, a first sealed box is provided at the outer top of the floating box, the gas measuring device is arranged in the first sealed box, and the second end of the gas intake pipe is sealed through the box wall of the first sealed box and connected to the air inlet of the gas measuring device.

[0014] As a preferred solution, a foam seat is provided in the first sealed box, and the gas detection device is arranged on the foam seat.

[0015] As a preferred solution, the sea-air exchange flux measuring device includes a water quality measuring device connected to the floating box, a water pump is connected to the water inlet of the water quality measuring device, a water pipe is connected to the water inlet of the water pump, the water pipe is communicated with the seawater at the bottom of the sealed cavity, and the water pump is electrically connected to the controller.

[0016] As a preferred solution, the underwater driving device includes a first propeller, a first driving motor for driving the first propeller to rotate, a second propeller, and a second driving motor for driving the second propeller to rotate;

[0017] The first propeller and the second propeller are arranged at intervals on the same side of the floating box, the first driving motor and the second driving motor are both forward and reverse motors, the first driving motor and the second driving motor are both fixedly connected to the floating box and the first driving motor and the second driving motor are both electrically connected to the controller.

[0018] As a preferred solution, the sea-air exchange flux measuring device includes a wireless receiving device and a wireless transmitting device, the wireless receiving device is fixedly connected to the floating box, and the wireless receiving device and the wireless transmitting device are both signal-connected to the controller.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows:

[0020] The sea-air exchange flux measuring device of the present utility model includes a floating box, a gas measuring device, an underwater driving device and a controller. The floating box is provided with a sealed cavity, and the bottom of the sealed cavity is provided with a water inlet for seawater to flow into the lower part of the sealed cavity. The gas measuring device is arranged outside the floating box. After the floating box is placed in seawater, the bottom of the floating box is below the sea surface. Seawater is communicated with the bottom of the sealed cavity through the water inlet and thus flows into the lower part of the sealed cavity. The volatile organic matter released by the seawater in the lower part of the sealed cavity flows into the air in the upper part of the sealed cavity. The air inlet of the gas measuring device is communicated with the upper part of the sealed cavity, so as to be able to detect in real time the concentration of volatile organic matter in the air in the upper part of the sealed cavity, and further obtain the emission flux of the volatile organic matter released by a specific volume of seawater in the sealed cavity. Moreover, the bottom of the floating box is connected with the underwater driving device, and the underwater driving device is electrically connected with the controller. By means of the controller, the underwater driving device drives the floating box to move in the sea, and the floating box can be moved to the required measuring position. Therefore, the sea-air exchange flux measuring device of the present utility model can realize the in-situ test of marine volatile organic matter, and can flexibly change the measuring position, making the floating box far away from the ground or ships, avoiding the influence of human factors on the measurement result and ensuring the accuracy of the measurement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 FIG. is a schematic top view of the sea-air exchange flux measuring device of the present utility model when the first sealed box and the second sealed box are opened;

[0022] Figure 2 FIG. is a schematic top view of the sea-air exchange flux measuring device of the present utility model when the first sealed box and the second sealed box are closed;

[0023] Figure 3 FIG. is a schematic bottom view of the sea-air exchange flux measuring device of the present utility model;

[0024] In the figures, 1. floating box, 11. box body, 111. top plate, 112. side plate, 113. sealed cavity, 12. floating body, 13. fixing frame, 2. gas measuring device, 3. gas sampling pipe, 41. first sealed box, 42. second sealed box, 5. water quality measuring device, 61. first propeller, 62. second propeller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0025] The following further describes in detail the specific embodiments of the present utility model in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present utility model, but are not used to limit the scope of the present utility model.

[0026] In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present utility model. It should be understood that in the present utility model, terms such as "first" and "second" are used to describe various information, but this information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the same type of information from each other. For example, without departing from the scope of the present utility model, "first" information may also be referred to as "second" information, and similarly, "second" information may also be referred to as "first" information.

[0027] As Figures 1 to 3 shown, a preferred embodiment of the sea-air exchange flux measuring device of the present utility model includes:

[0028] A floating box 1, the floating box 1 is provided with a sealed cavity 113, and the bottom of the sealed cavity 113 is provided with a water inlet for seawater to flow into the lower part of the sealed cavity 113;

[0029] A gas measuring device 2, the gas measuring device 2 is arranged outside the floating box 1, and the air inlet of the gas measuring device 2 is communicated with the upper part of the sealed cavity 113 to detect volatile organic compounds in the gas in the upper part of the sealed cavity 113;

[0030] An underwater driving device, the underwater driving device is connected to the bottom of the floating box 1 to drive the floating box 1 to move in the sea;

[0031] A controller, the underwater driving device is electrically connected to the controller.

[0032] Specifically, by the controller, the underwater driving device drives the floating box 1 to move in the sea, which can make the floating box 1 move to the required measurement position. The bottom of the floating box 1 is below the sea surface. The water inlet forms a communicating vessel between the seawater and the sealed cavity 113. The seawater is communicated with the bottom of the sealed cavity 113 through the water inlet and thus flows into the lower part of the sealed cavity 113. The volatile organic compounds released by the seawater in the lower part of the sealed cavity 113 flow into the air in the upper part of the sealed cavity 113. The upper space of the sealed cavity 113 serves to collect the volatile organic compounds generated by the seawater in the lower part of the sealed cavity 113. The air inlet of the gas measuring device 2 is communicated with the upper part of the sealed cavity 113, so that the concentration of volatile organic compounds in the air in the upper part of the sealed cavity 113 can be detected in real time, and then the emission flux of the volatile organic compounds released by a specific volume of seawater in the sealed cavity 113 can be obtained; by controlling the height of the floating box sinking into the sea water, the depth of the water inlet in the sea water is controlled. In this embodiment, the water inlet is 0.5 meters below the water surface.

[0033] Among them, the floating box 1 includes a box body 11 and a floating body 12 arranged outside the box body 11. The box body 11 includes a top plate 111 and a plurality of side plates 112. The top plate 111 and each side plate 112 enclose a barrel body with the barrel mouth facing downwards. The barrel cavity of the barrel body forms a sealed cavity 113, and the barrel mouth of the barrel body forms a water inlet. Specifically, when the floating box 1 is placed in the sea, it is similar to an inverted barrel body. The water surface at the bottom of the sealed cavity 113 is flush with the sea surface, and the upper space of the sealed cavity 113 can prevent the volatile organic compounds generated by the seawater at the bottom of the sealed cavity 113 from overflowing. There are various ways to arrange the floating body 12. In this embodiment, a fixing frame 13 is provided on the outer peripheral side of the box body 11, and the floating body 12 is arranged on the fixing frame 13. The floating body 12 can adopt a hollow box body 11 or a bladder.

[0034] In this embodiment, the top plate 111 is made of a transparent quartz glass plate. The transparent quartz glass plate can ensure that the seawater in the lower part of the sealed cavity 113 is exposed to light, making the test results of the sea-air exchange flux measuring device of the present utility model more in line with the actual situation.

[0035] To avoid the influence of the material of the box body 11 on the measurement results, in this embodiment, each side plate 112 is made of a stainless steel plate. Stainless steel has good corrosion resistance and is relatively stable in seawater. It will not react with seawater to produce volatile organic compounds, ensuring the accuracy of the measurement results. Specifically, each side plate 112 is made of 316L stainless steel plate.

[0036] In this embodiment, the sea-air exchange flux measuring device includes a gas sampling tube 3; the first end of the gas sampling tube 3 is communicated with the upper part of the sealed cavity 113, the second end of the gas sampling tube 3 is communicated with the air inlet of the gas measuring device 2, and the gas sampling tube 3 is connected with a control valve, and the control valve is electrically connected to the controller. By adjusting the opening and closing of the control valve through the controller, timed sampling of the gas can be achieved.

[0037] To avoid the gas measuring device 2 from failing due to water ingress, in this embodiment, a first sealed box 41 is provided at the outer top of the floating box 1. The gas measuring device 2 is arranged in the first sealed box 41, and the second end of the gas sampling tube 3 seals through the box wall of the first sealed box 41 and is connected to the air inlet of the gas measuring device 2. Specifically, the first sealed box 41 is arranged on the fixing frame 13 and is located above the floating body 12.

[0038] In this embodiment, a foam seat is provided in the first sealed box 41, and the gas detection equipment is arranged on the foam seat. The foam seat can not only play a shock-absorbing role, but also ensure that the sea-air exchange flux measuring device of the present utility model can float stably. The gas detection device includes an ozone detector and a gas chromatograph. The ozone analyzer is used to detect the ozone concentration, and the gas chromatograph is used to detect atmospheric volatile organic compounds such as nitrogen oxides.

[0039] In this embodiment, the air-sea exchange flux measurement device includes a water quality measurement device 5 connected to the floating tank 1. The water inlet of the water quality measurement device 5 is connected to a water pump, the water inlet of the water pump is connected to a water pipe, and the water pipe is communicated with the seawater at the bottom of the sealed cavity 113. The water pump is electrically connected to the controller. Specifically, the water quality measurement device 5 includes a Shimadzu multi-parameter online water quality monitor WQMA-4210, and the water quality measurement device 5 can measure the dissolved oxygen, pH, chlorophyll a, conductivity, temperature and salinity of seawater. Among them, a second sealed box 42 and a third sealed box are further connected to the fixing frame 13. The water quality measurement device 5 is arranged in the second sealed box 42, and a power supply device is arranged in the third sealed box. In other embodiments of the present invention, a water sample sampling device and a gas sampling device can be arranged outside the floating tank 1. The gas in the sealed cavity 113 is collected by the gas sampling device, the seawater in the lower part of the sealed cavity 113 is collected by the water sample sampling device, and then the floating tank is driven back to the shore or the ship by the driving device, and the off-line detection of the water sample and the gas sample is realized by using the detection equipment in the laboratory.

[0040] In this embodiment, the underwater driving device includes a first propeller 61, a first driving motor for driving the first propeller 61 to rotate, a second propeller 62 and a second driving motor for driving the second propeller 62 to rotate; the first propeller and the second propeller are arranged at intervals on the same side of the floating tank 1. The first driving motor and the second driving motor are both forward and reverse motors. The first driving motor and the second driving motor are both fixedly connected to the floating tank 1 and are both electrically connected to the controller.

[0041] Specifically, when moving forward, the first driving motor and the second driving motor are adjusted to rotate clockwise at the same speed by using the controller. When turning, the rotation direction of the first driving motor is adjusted to be opposite to the rotation direction of the second driving motor by using the controller. When moving backward, the first driving motor and the second driving motor are adjusted to rotate counterclockwise at the same speed by using the controller.

[0042] To facilitate the control of the movement of the floating tank 1, in this embodiment, the air-sea exchange flux measurement device includes a wireless receiving device and a wireless transmitting device. The wireless receiving device is fixedly connected to the floating tank 1, and both the wireless receiving device and the wireless transmitting device are signal-connected to the controller. The position adjustment of the floating tank 1 and the working state adjustment of the gas measurement device 2 and the water quality measurement device 5 are realized through the wireless receiving device and the wireless transmitting device.

[0043] In summary, the sea-air exchange flux measurement device of the present utility model includes a floating box 1, a gas measurement device 2, an underwater driving device, and a controller. The floating box 1 is provided with a sealed cavity 113, and the bottom of the sealed cavity 113 is provided with a water inlet for seawater to flow into the lower part of the sealed cavity 113. The gas measurement device 2 is arranged outside the floating box 1. After the floating box 1 is placed in seawater, the bottom of the floating box 1 is below the sea surface. Seawater is communicated with the bottom of the sealed cavity 113 through the water inlet and thus flows into the lower part of the sealed cavity 113. The volatile organic compounds released by the seawater in the lower part of the sealed cavity 113 flow into the air in the upper part of the sealed cavity 113. The air inlet of the gas measurement device 2 is communicated with the upper part of the sealed cavity 113, so that the concentration of volatile organic compounds in the air in the upper part of the sealed cavity 113 can be detected in real time, and then the emission flux of the volatile organic compounds released by a specific volume of seawater in the sealed cavity 113 can be obtained. Moreover, the bottom of the floating box 1 is connected to the underwater driving device, and the underwater driving device is electrically connected to the controller. By means of the controller, the underwater driving device drives the floating box 1 to move in the sea, and the floating box 1 can be moved to the required measurement position. Therefore, the sea-air exchange flux measurement device of the present utility model can realize in-situ testing of marine volatile organic compounds and can flexibly change the measurement position, enabling the floating box 1 to be far away from the ground or ships, avoiding the influence of human factors on the measurement results, and ensuring the accuracy of the measurement.

[0044] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present utility model. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the technical principle of the present utility model, several improvements and substitutions can still be made, and these improvements and substitutions should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An apparatus for measuring air-sea exchange fluxes, characterized in that, Comprising: A floating box (1), the floating box (1) is provided with a sealed cavity (113), and a water inlet communicating with seawater is provided at the bottom of the sealed cavity (113) for seawater to flow into the lower part of the sealed cavity (113); A gas measuring device (2), the gas measuring device (2) is arranged outside the floating box (1), and an air inlet of the gas measuring device (2) is communicated with the upper part of the sealed cavity (113) to detect volatile organic compounds in the gas in the upper part of the sealed cavity (113); An underwater driving device, the underwater driving device is connected to the bottom of the floating box (1) to drive the floating box (1) to move in the sea; A controller, the underwater driving device is electrically connected to the controller.

2. The sea-air exchange flux measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that The floating box (1) includes a box body (11) and a floating body (12) arranged outside the box body (11), the box body (11) includes a top plate (111) and a plurality of side plates (112), the top plate (111) and each side plate (112) enclose a barrel-shaped structure with the barrel opening facing downwards, the barrel cavity of the barrel-shaped structure forms the sealed cavity (113), and the barrel opening of the barrel-shaped structure forms the water inlet.

3. The sea-air exchange flux measuring device according to claim 2, wherein The top plate (111) is made of a transparent quartz glass plate.

4. The sea-air exchange flux measuring device according to claim 3, characterized in that, Each of the side plates (112) is made of a stainless steel plate.

5. The sea-air exchange flux measuring device according to claim 1, wherein, The sea-air exchange flux measuring device includes a gas sampling tube (3); a first end of the gas sampling tube (3) is communicated with the upper part of the sealed cavity (113), a second end of the gas sampling tube (3) is communicated with the air inlet of the gas measuring device (2), a control valve is connected to the gas sampling tube (3), and the control valve is electrically connected to the controller.

6. The sea-air exchange flux measurement device according to claim 5, wherein A first sealed box (41) is provided at the outer top of the floating box (1), the gas measuring device (2) is arranged in the first sealed box (41), and the second end of the gas sampling tube (3) penetrates through the box wall of the first sealed box (41) in a sealed manner and is connected to the air inlet of the gas measuring device (2).

7. The sea-air exchange flux measuring device according to claim 6, characterized in that, A foam seat is arranged in the first sealed box (41), and the gas detection device is arranged on the foam seat.

8. The sea-air exchange flux measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sea-air exchange flux measuring device includes a water quality measuring device (5) connected to the floating box (1), a water inlet of the water quality measuring device (5) is connected to a water pump, a water inlet of the water pump is connected to a water pipe, the water pipe is communicated with the seawater at the bottom of the sealed cavity (113), and the water pump is electrically connected to the controller.

9. The sea-air exchange flux measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The underwater driving device includes a first propeller (61), a first driving motor for driving the first propeller (61) to rotate, a second propeller (62) and a second driving motor for driving the second propeller (62) to rotate; The first propeller (61) and the second propeller (62) are arranged at intervals on the same side of the floating box (1), both the first driving motor and the second driving motor are forward and reverse motors, both the first driving motor and the second driving motor are fixedly connected to the floating box (1) and both the first driving motor and the second driving motor are electrically connected to the controller.

10. The sea-air exchange flux measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sea-air exchange flux measuring device includes a wireless receiving device and a wireless transmitting device. The wireless receiving device is fixedly connected to the floating tank (1), and both the wireless receiving device and the wireless transmitting device are signal-connected to the controller.

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