Flat plate ceramic membrane suitable for sand blocking of high-water-head small-flow impact type unit

Abstract

The utility model discloses a flat plate ceramic membrane suitable for sand blocking of a high-water-head small-flow impact type unit, and belongs to the field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering ceramic flat plates. The filter comprises a flat plate ceramic membrane, rectangular drainage boxes and geotechnical cloth, the flat plate ceramic membrane is of a hollow plate-shaped structure, the rectangular drainage boxes are embedded in the flat plate ceramic membrane, the geotechnical cloth wraps the outer layers of the rectangular drainage boxes, and water to be filtered is sequentially filtered by the flat plate ceramic membrane and the geotechnical cloth and then converged into the rectangular drainage boxes to be discharged. The utility model aims to solve the problems that the current flat plate ceramic membrane cannot be suitable for sand blocking under the high-water-head and small-flow operation condition of an impact type unit, and the overflowing flow and the sand blocking efficiency are difficult to control conveniently and effectively. The flow and the sand blocking efficiency can be controlled by adjusting the arrangement form and density of the drainage boxes, the sand blocking device can adapt to the sand blocking condition of the impact type unit under the high-water-head small-flow operation condition, and safe and stable operation of the impact type unit is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a flat ceramic membrane suitable for sand interception of high-head and small-flow impulse units, belonging to the field of ceramic flats in water conservancy and hydropower projects. Background Technique

[0002] During the construction period of water conservancy and hydropower projects, the discharge of waste sewage is large and the types of waste sewage are diverse, mainly including waste water from sand and gravel processing systems, waste water from concrete mixing systems, domestic sewage, waste water from caverns, and waste water from concrete curing, etc. According to the design specifications of urban sewage in China, grit chambers mainly remove sand grains with a relative density of 2.65 and a particle size of more than 200 μm. Especially for impulse units, they are often built in alpine and canyon environments, where the content of suspended sediment in the basin is relatively large and the diameter of sediment particles is relatively large. If sediment enters the power station water intake system, it will cause wear to the downstream impulse water turbine, seriously affecting the stable operation of the impulse unit.

[0003] As a new type of efficient and energy-saving separation technology, membrane separation technology plays an important role in the current sand removal treatment methods. Compared with traditional organic membrane materials, flat ceramic membrane materials have the properties of being acid and alkali resistant, high temperature resistant, and biocorrosion resistant, which make them have the advantages of long service life, easy cleaning and regeneration, and wide application range during service. In water conservancy and hydropower projects, rivers inevitably carry mud and sand, and contain high-concentration inorganic solid substances. If they cannot be removed cleanly, resulting in still relatively high concentrations of suspended solids and inorganic suspended particulate matter, it will have a serious impact on the stable operation of impulse units. Currently, traditional flat ceramic membranes cannot meet the sand removal requirements of grit chambers for high-head and small-flow impulse units.

[0004] Therefore, it is urgent to propose a new type of flat ceramic membrane suitable for sand interception of high-head and small-flow impulse units to solve the above technical problems. Content of the Utility Model

[0005] The research and development purpose of the utility model is to overcome the problem that the current flat ceramic membrane cannot be applied to sand interception under the operating conditions of high head and small flow of impulse units, and it is difficult to conveniently and effectively control the flow rate and sand interception efficiency. A brief overview of the utility model is given below to provide a basic understanding of some aspects of the utility model. It should be understood that this overview is not an exhaustive overview of the utility model. It is not intended to identify the key or important parts of the utility model, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the utility model.

[0006] The technical solution of the utility model:

[0007] A flat ceramic membrane suitable for sand interception of high-head and small-flow impulse units, comprising a flat ceramic membrane, a rectangular drainage box and a geotextile. The flat ceramic membrane has a hollow plate-like structure, and a plurality of rectangular drainage boxes are embedded therein. The outer layer of the rectangular drainage box is wrapped with a geotextile. After the water to be filtered passes through the flat ceramic membrane and the geotextile for filtration in sequence, it converges into the rectangular drainage box and is discharged.

[0008] Preferably: A separation membrane layer is further provided on the outer side of the geotextile.

[0009] Preferably: It further includes a PE connecting pipe and a drainage main pipe. The rectangular drainage box is communicated with the drainage main pipe through the PE connecting pipe.

[0010] Preferably: The PE connecting pipe and the drainage main pipe are connected through a tee pipeline.

[0011] Preferably: The outer side of the connection part of the PE connecting pipe and the rectangular drainage box is wrapped with a geotextile.

[0012] The utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] 1. Compared with the traditional flat ceramic membrane, the utility model can control the flow rate and the sand interception efficiency by adjusting the arrangement form and density of the drainage boxes, and can adapt to the sand interception conditions under the high-head and small-flow operation conditions of the impulse unit, so as to ensure the safe and stable operation of the impulse unit;

[0014] 2. The geotextile and the rectangular drainage box of the utility model can effectively solve the problems of sand interception and blockage of the drainage structure in water conservancy and hydropower projects. There is also a separation membrane layer outside the geotextile to realize the filtration and purification of liquids, and it has the properties of acid and alkali resistance, high temperature resistance, and biological erosion resistance, and can adapt to the sand interception conditions under the high-head and small-flow operation conditions of the impulse unit, which makes it have the advantages of long service life, easy cleaning and regeneration, and wide application range during the service process;

[0015] 3. The utility model has low manufacturing cost, easy availability of raw materials, convenient construction, low project cost, and excellent comprehensive performance. It can not only be applied to water conservancy and hydropower projects, but also to other sand interception treatment measures, providing useful reference for sand interception of impulse units under high-head and small-flow conditions in other similar projects. Description of the Drawings

[0016] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a flat ceramic membrane suitable for sand interception of high-head and small-flow impulse units;

[0017] Figure 2 It is an installation drawing of the cooperation between the rectangular drainage box and the geotextile;

[0018] Figure 3 It is an installation drawing of the cooperation between the rectangular drainage box and the drainage main pipe;

[0019] In the figure, 1 is a flat ceramic membrane, 2 is a rectangular drainage box, 3 is a geotextile, 4 is a PE connecting pipe, and 5 is a main drainage pipe. Specific embodiments

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model clearer, the present utility model will be described below through specific embodiments shown in the drawings. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model. In addition, in the following description, the descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted to avoid unnecessarily confusing the concepts of the present utility model.

[0021] The connections mentioned in the present utility model are divided into fixed connections and detachable connections. The fixed connections are non-detachable connections, including but not limited to conventional fixed connection methods such as hemming connections, rivet connections, bonding connections and welding connections. The detachable connections include but not limited to conventional disassembly methods such as threaded connections, snap connections, pin connections and hinge connections. When the specific connection method is not clearly defined, it is defaulted that at least one connection method can always be found among the existing connection methods to achieve this function, and those skilled in the art can select according to their needs. For example: welding connection is selected for fixed connection, and hinge connection is selected for detachable connection.

[0022] Specific embodiment 1: In combination with Figures 1 - 3 To illustrate this embodiment, a flat ceramic membrane applicable to sand interception of high-head and small-flow impulse units in this embodiment includes a flat ceramic membrane 1, a rectangular drainage box 2 and a geotextile 3. The flat ceramic membrane 1 is in a hollow plate-like structure, and a plurality of rectangular drainage boxes 2 are embedded therein. The size is 70 mm × 30 mm, and the row spacing is 2 m. The rectangular drainage box 2 is hollow and no material is filled in the middle. The outer layer of the rectangular drainage box 2 is wrapped with a geotextile 3. After the water to be filtered passes through the flat ceramic membrane 1 and the geotextile 3 in sequence, it converges into the rectangular drainage box 2 and is discharged. The flow rate and sand interception efficiency can be controlled by adjusting the layout form and density of the rectangular drainage box 2, effectively controlling the flow rate, and being applicable to the sand interception of high-head impulse units.

[0023] The geotextile 3 has a good effect of filtering and isolating impurities. Especially for hydropower stations, they are often built in high mountain and canyon environments. The content of suspended sediment in the basin is relatively large and the sediment particle diameter is relatively large. If sediment enters the power station water intake system, it will cause wear to the downstream units and seriously affect the stable operation of the units. The geotextile 3 can effectively solve this problem.

[0024] A separation membrane layer is also provided outside the geotextile 3, which usually works based on the principle of negative pressure suction to achieve the filtration and purification of impurities. Generally, it is immersed as a whole in the sand settling tank of the giant impulse unit in water conservancy and hydropower projects, and the liquid penetrates into the flat ceramic membrane from the outside of the surface separation membrane layer under the action of the suction driving force.

[0025] It also includes a PE connecting pipe 4 and a drainage main pipe 5. A circular drainage main pipe 5 is arranged at the intersection of the outer surface of the flat ceramic membrane 1 and the rectangular drainage box 2. The rectangular drainage box 2 is communicated with the drainage main pipe 5 through the PE connecting pipe 4. The PE connecting pipe 4 and the drainage main pipe 5 are connected through a tee pipeline. The aperture of the PE connecting pipe 4 is 75 mm, and the drainage main pipe 5 is a circular PE pipe with an aperture of 110 mm.

[0026] The outside of the connection part of the PE connecting pipe 4 and the rectangular drainage box 2 is wrapped with the geotextile 3.

[0027] In this embodiment, the water to be filtered can first pass through the geotextile 3 to filter out the sediment particles and impurities in the water, and then converge to the circular drainage main pipe 5 through the rectangular drainage box 2, and then be discharged together outside the structure of the flat ceramic membrane 1. In practical applications, multiple flat ceramic membranes 1 can be arranged in parallel in the sand settling tank to form a membrane module, so that the total surface area of the membrane module is increased with a higher installation density, thus ensuring a higher sand interception treatment efficiency.

[0028] It should be noted that in the above embodiments, as long as the technical solutions are not contradictory, they can be arranged and combined. Those skilled in the art can exhaust all possibilities according to the mathematical knowledge of permutation and combination. Therefore, the present utility model will not explain the technical solutions after permutation and combination one by one, but it should be understood that the technical solutions after permutation and combination have been disclosed by the present utility model.

[0029] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not used to limit the present utility model. For those skilled in the art, the present utility model can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model shall be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A flat ceramic membrane applicable to sand interception of high-head and small-flow impulse units, characterized in that: It includes a flat ceramic membrane (1), a rectangular drainage box (2), and a geotextile (3). The flat ceramic membrane (1) has a hollow plate-like structure, and multiple rectangular drainage boxes (2) are embedded inside it. The outer layer of the rectangular drainage box (2) is wrapped with a geotextile (3). After the water to be filtered passes through the flat ceramic membrane (1) and the geotextile (3) for filtration in sequence, it converges into the rectangular drainage box (2) and is discharged.

2. A flat ceramic membrane applicable to sand interception of high-head and small-flow impulse units according to claim 1, characterized in that: A separation membrane layer is also provided on the outer side of the geotextile (3).

3. The flat ceramic membrane applicable to sand interception of high-head and small-flow impulse units according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a PE connecting pipe (4) and a main drainage pipe (5). The rectangular drainage box (2) is communicated with the main drainage pipe (5) through the PE connecting pipe (4).

4. A flat ceramic membrane applicable to sand interception of high-head and small-flow impulse units according to claim 3, characterized in that: The PE connecting pipe (4) and the main drainage pipe (5) are connected through a tee pipeline.

5. A flat ceramic membrane applicable to sand interception of high - head and small - flow impulse units according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer side of the connection part between the PE connecting pipe (4) and the rectangular drainage box (2) is wrapped with a geotextile (3).

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